Introduction to

-
LEARN BOTANY

E uWITH
TECHNIQUES

PLANT KINGDOM

Avhishek laudari
 5 Kingdom : RH Whittaker zygote (2n)
or
>

Kingdom plantae
·
~
I Feretion Mitonen :
↓

7
-

70 n
E
Monera
-....... plantae Mitoun :
nitocuis embroys
>
Eukaryotic Multiculivr
Autotrophic Gametophyte (2m)
Sporophyte
-

(2n]
-

(n)
. ,

a
>
-
R > 2n
Meiour :
Mitons : O
gametophytic Requestion 8
O
<

00
sparphytic progrescial Naked
[ (R]
seed spermology
spare -
Vascular Bundle

sad
X pericarp:
S ⑮ Bos
Non
embryophyta
&

S Embryophyta :

Algae Bryo Gymno Angio

2

Pterido
3 >
>

Tracheophytes 2n
R &

3
&

3 Spermophytes
Gametophyte &
& sparophyte
ayno . Amphilan >
Repties :
-

C
arp

r
Stigma
T
un

ED
↑

NAK
-
*

I
-

sigle
e
u

·
&

- Frust
/ ①

& mul overy:

⑳ >
-
Ovule
↳
= seed :
-

93
Nonembryophyta-EmbryophytaXerophytes :

rus
Algae Bryo Pterido Gymno Angio
I I
-1
Tracheophyta

3
I
↑ ↑
Nor Flowering/ cryptogames Spermophyta
I

3
Aquatic
Amphitian mine phenerogames

·
· &

&
· b

f
·
&

m
--
.
f
-

-f -
&
-

-
Plant without embryo : Algae

Plant with embryo but lacks vascular bundle : Boyophytes

Plant with embryo and vascular bundle but lacks seed ~ peridophytes .

Plant with embryo vascular bundle and naked seed : Gymnosped

Plant with embryo vascular bundle and covered seed =

Angiosperm .
Alternation of generation gameti

· -
zygote (2n)
X embryo
7
&
Gametophyte zygoti Sporophytes
Merion

#alant lo
M - 2n
i M
spaic Meid
⑧
3 3
&
S
.
% ↑

spores :

a
612
-

CM)

alternation of generation absent:

& ternation
of generation
,
Algae Bryo Pterido Gymno Angio
a
sporophyte sparphytz
M

is
S

parasitic is independit
I
GametaChylei
n ove
gametophyte : OVL If 2n

gametophyse . parasitic
over
gametophyte spaphy 17 Sporophyte
.
 Types of life cycle

0
GRN
-

- O
(n)
Haplontic life cycle
gametophyte
&
(n)
↓ motic Meim :

08 <M

Diplontic life cycle

Haplodiplontic life cycle