International School of Choueifat

2021 Term II Final

Grade 10 Chemistry Revision Sheet

Answer Key

Material : Chapters 5 & 6

 Grade 10 Chemistry Term II Final Revision Sheet
Answer Key : Chapters 5 & 6

1. 10.0 dm3 of a gas are kept at 27 °C inside a cylinder fitted with a piston. Without changing
the temperature, the piston is slowly moved until the pressure is halved. Find the new
volume of the gas.
Same temperature, same quantity of gas (stated or implied)

P 1 V 1 = P2 V 2
and P2= ½ P1

(Or P α 1/V)

V2 = 2 × V1 = 20.0dm3

2. 0.48g of magnesium were added to excess hydrochloric acid at 27 °C and 1 atm.

A reaction occurred and hydrogen gas was produced according to the following equation:

Mg(s) + 2HCl (aq) ® MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

[Atomic masses: Mg = 24; Cl = 35.5; R = 0.080 atm.dm3 /mol.K]

a) Calculate the number of moles of magnesium involved in the reaction.

n=m
M

= 0.48 = 0.02 mol

24

b) Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas that were produced.

nH2 = nMg(stated or implied)

nH2 = 0.02 mole

c) Calculate the volume occupied by the hydrogen produced under the given conditions.
PV = nRT

V = 0.02 x 0.08 x 300 / 1

V = 0.48 dm3

3. What mass of C4H10will exert a pressure of 1520mmHg when filled in a 2400cm3vessel at

600K? [H = 1; C =12.]
PV= nRT

1520
P= = 2 atm
760
2400
V= = 2.4 dm3
1000

2×2.4
n=
600×0.08

n = 0.10 mol

m= n × M= 0.1×58 = 5.8g

4. 8.0 g of helium gas, He, were placed in a 10–dm3 cylinder at 27 °C. Calculate the pressure
exerted by the gas in mm Hg. [He = 4.0; R= 0.08 atm.dm3.K-1.mol-1]
m
n= = 2.0mol
M

nRT
P=
V

2 ´ 0.08 ´ 300
P=
10

P = 4.8atm
→ P = 4.8 × 760 =3648 mmHg

5. How many oxygen molecules are there in 10 dm3 at 127°C, under a pressure of 912
mmHg?
[R= 0.08 atm.dm3.K-1.mol-1 ; N of Avogadro= 6.1023]
PV = nRT

æ 912 ö
10 ´ ç ÷
n= è 760 ø
0.08 ´ (127 + 273)
n of oxygen = 0.375 mol

Number of molecules = 0.375 × 6 × 1023= 2.25× 1023 molecules.

6. When 1.0 kg of He gas is filled into an empty balloon at 27ºC the pressure
in the balloon becomes 760 mm Hg.
Find the volume of the inflated balloon.(No calculator allowed)
1000
( )×(0.082)×(300)
nRT 4
V= = = 6150 dm3
P 760
( )
760

7. Calculate the molar volume of an ideal gas at 27°C temperature and 1.0 atm.
[use R = 0.082 dm3.atm.K-1mol-1 ]
nRT 1´ 0.082 ´ 300
V= = = 24.6 dm3
P 1

8. A gas Z travels √2 times as fast as oxygen gas under the same conditions of temperature
and pressure. Given that Z has the formula CHx , find x.
[C=12; H=1; O=16]
Same temperature, average molecular kinetic energy = constant (KE = constant)
v of Z = 2 × v of O2

½ Mv2= ½ Mv2
or v1/v2=√ M2/ M1

1 Mz
=
2 32

M of Z = 16 g/mol

M = 12 + x = 16
x=4

9. Draw a diagram of an open-end and another for a closed-end manometer. In each

manometer, there is a gas that exerts a pressure of 720 mm mercury at an
atmospheric pressure of 760 mm mercury.
10. When solutions of calcium chloride, CaCl2, and potassium carbonate, K2CO3, are mixed,
the following reaction occurs:

2K+ (aq) + CO3 2-(aq) + Ca2+ (aq) + 2Cl-(aq) ® CaCO3(s) + 2K+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq)

a) Rewrite the equation showing predominant reacting species only.

Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) ® CaCO3(s)

b) 0.50 liter of 0.400 MCaCl2 is mixed with 1.00 liter of 0.200 MK2CO3. CaCO3 has negligible
solubility.
Calculate the concentrations of all ions present when precipitation stops.
n of CaCl2 = C×V=0.400×0.50= 0.200 mole
n of K2CO3 = C×V=0.200×1.00= 0.200 mole

Neither in excess [Ca2+] = [CO32-] = negligible (when precipitation stops)

1 mole of CaCl2 = 2 mole of Cl-

1 mole of K2CO3 = 2 mole of K+
n 2×0.200
[Cl-] = [K+] = = =0.267 M
Vtotal 1.50

11. Consider the following reaction:

2H2O2 (l) ® 2H2O (l)+ O2 (g)
 If 170g of H2O2 decomposed completely, which volume of oxygen gas would be
collected at 27°C, under a fixed pressure of 1140mmHg?

[H=1; O=16; R= 0.08 atm.dm3.k-1.mol-1]

M of H2O2=34
1×170
n of oxygen produced =
2×34

= 2.5 mol

PV = nRT

2.5 ´ 0.08 ´ 300

V=
1140
760
V of oxygen = 40 dm3

12.
V

t (ºC)
 13. Gas X has the molecular formula C3Hx.A mass of 2.0g of X occupies a volume of
1.12dm3 at 1 atm and 0 °C. Find the value of x.
[H = 1; C = 12.]
PV = nRT

1.12×1
n=
0.08×273

n ≈ 0.05 mol

m
M= = 40 g/mol
n

M = 3 × 12 + x = 40
x =4

14.. A 10dm3 vessel was filled with some carbon dioxide gas, CO2 , and with 2.5moles of
nitrogen dioxide gas, NO2 at 27°C. The total pressure in the vessel was 9.0atm.
Calculate the number of moles of CO2 that were present in the vessel.
R = 0.080 atm.dm3mol –1.K –1
PV = nRT for NO2

2.5 ´ 0.08 ´ 300

PNO2 =
10

→ PNO2 = 6.0atm

PCO2 = Pt – PNO2 = 3.0atm

PV = nRT for CO2

3 ´10
n CO2 =
0.08 ´ 300

.
n CO2 = 1.25 mol

15. –a- (Al3+) =(AlCl3 ) = 0.1x0.3/0.5= 0.06 M

 -b- (Cl-) =3(AlCl3) = 3× 0.06 = 0.18 M

16.M Na2CrO4= 46 +52 + 64= 162

n = CV = 0.25 X 0.2 = 0.05
m = n M = o.o5 X 162 = 8.1g

Measure 8.1g of Na2CrO4 and put in a 250 ml volumetric flask. Stir till completely dissolved
then add water up to the etched mark.

17. BQ 7
17.–a- book page 38
-b- If water was allowed to enter from the top, it would soon heat up due to contact with
the vapor and thus would not be an efficient cooling medium. Also, due to the action of
gravity, the condenser jacket might be emptied from the water.

18 .a) see book page 18

b) If water were allowed to enter from the top, it would soon heat up due to contact with
the vapor and thus would not be an efficient cooling medium. Also, due to the action of
gravity, the condenser jacket might be emptied from the water.

19. –a- chromatography

-b- separatory funnel
-c- simple distillation
-d- sublimation

20. The higher temp increases the kinetic energy of the air molecules. Thus they will move faster
and hit against the walls of the tire with more frequency. Also, the collisions will be of a greater
impact.

21..–a- same
 !!" "#$" #$
-b-! = !" = !%& = √2
#$" !"

=𝑉'" = √2𝑉('" 1.4𝑉('"

-c- collisions of o2 = √2 collision of SO2
-d- same

22. use magnet to separate iron filings

Add water to sand – salt mixture and stir till salt dissolves.
Filter to obtain sand as residue.
Evaporate filtrate to obtain salt

+.&
23.a- X)*% =- = 0.24

%
b-𝑝𝑝."&' = 𝑋."&' x𝑃/'/ = - x 20=12 atm
c- 5 dm3

0 1
24. 0( = 1(
" "
0()" &-2 4 %%%
V2 = 1(
= &5&
= 285.1 ml

25.
7 %&
n6* "+ = 8 = +#2 = 0.2
,
n O2= 3/2 nFe2O3 = 3/2 x 0.2 = 0.3
9:1 2.% 4 2.2< 4 $22
V= == ((%$ = 6.4dm3
;
-'$

26.KBr (l) + 180 KJ KBr (g)

To vaporize 6g the heat needed = 180 X 6/120 = 9KJ

6+ = 6+ +
27.6&= (=" )2 r2 =3r1 6&
=9 F2 = 5
F1
(

28. a. overall non-ionic:

BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + BaSO4 (s)

 Overall ionic:

Ba 2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) + 2 Na+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → 2Cl- (aq) + 2 Na+ (aq) + BaSO4 (s)

Net ionic:

Ba 2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → BaSO4 (s)

b. [Na+] = 2x0.2x1/0.4 = 1M

[Cl-]= 2x0.2x0.5/0.4 = 0.5M

Moles of Ba2+ = 0.2x0.5 = 0.1

Moles of SO42-= 0.2x 1= 0.2

Therefore SO42- is excess.

[Ba 2+] = zero (no ions remaining)

[SO4 2-] = 0.2-0.1/0.4 = 0.25M

c. Moles of BaSO4 = 0.1

Mass of BaSO4 = 0.1 (137=32=64) = 23.3g

29)E
30)B
31)C
32)A
33D

34.
a- change the liq. to gas ……. Increase the temp
b- It has more PE
$ & 4 +22
c- +<
= 233.33 KJ

d- The molecules that leave the surface take with them a lot of KE

e- The air is already saturated with water vapor and any further evaporation will be balanced by
an equal amount of condensation.

35. VHF=2.236 V>. H2n+2

0/0 81./
01./
=! 8/0
".2"

".2"
 8
2.236= !&2 M>./".2" = 100+ 2n +2=100

14n=98 n=7 C7H16