Art Appreciation

Etymology and Definition of ART

Art – it is a skill of doing something.
 derived from a Latin term “ars”, which means skill, talent or ability.
 expression of the creative skill and imagination = capacity to imagine
Art, Philosophy, language, Literature, Music, Religion, History
Art is the center of the seven fields because this provides
enhancement of the individual.
Functions of Art (PSP)
 Art as PERSONAL – self-expression or gratification
(1) Gusto nimo i-express imong feelings and thoughts
(2) Coping Mechanism
(3) Earn Money/Commission
 Art as SOCIAL – opposed to one person’s point of view
Naa kay gikalaban/gikontra pero makatabang sa society.
 Art as PHYSICAL – created to perform some service.
Ginawa ang art kay naa siyay pulos/silbi.
Ex. Fijan war club- pangbokbok sa ulo/sa kontra
Classifications of Art
1. Verbal
 Literature – prose or poetry
 organization of words; accessible art
 Oratory – public speaking
2. Non-Verbal – walay words and languages
Examples: architecture, fashion, design, weaving, ceramics (pottery),
and photography (capture still images)
3. Mixed
Examples: theater and drama, opera, cinema, and performing arts
(Singing and Dancing)
Major Classifications
1. Applied Art – refers to the application (and resulting product) of
artistic design to UTILITARIAN OBJECTS in everyday use.
Examples: architectural, textiles, furniture
2. Fine Art – HAVE NO FUNCTION other than providing aesthetic or
intellectual stimulation to the viewer.
Examples: drawing, painting, sculpture
Decorations, displays
Has no utility
Three Parts of a Work Art
1. Subject – image that you can easily identify
Ang una nga makita nimo kay makabalo dayun ka sa subject
Two Types of Subjects of Art
a. Representational Art – Reality (makit-an nato sa paligid)
b. Non-Representational Art – do not rely on representation;
departure from reality
Dili tinuod
Based ra siya sa imagination
2. Form - overall organization of the artwork; elements of art
Porma
3. Content – emotional and intellectual messages of an artwork.
Message sa art
Meaning of an artwork
ARTIST and ARTISAN
 Artist – learn to sketch and begin with a pencil and sketchpad
Nagadrawing
Make-up artist
Tattoe artist – Whang Od
  Artisan – make practical artistic products such as earrings, urns,
stained glass and other accessories.
Banig
Sculptures
Weaver- Lang-dulay
Form and Composition
1. Two-Dimensional Art – width and height/length
 decorative spaces or plastic faces
 only bound to work within the frame
kailangan pa ipapilit
A. Painting – applies colors to surfaces using paint brush, painting
knives, or rollers.
Pigments + Painting brush = Paintings
Common Painting Techniques
 Watercolor – done on the paper; water-based solutions
 Fresco – color dries into the plaster (secco, gaseal sa secco)
Moist plaster surface with colors ground in water
The wall for tempera is prepared using lime paste
 Tempera – mixed with eggyolk or egg white
 Pastel – stick with dried paste to provide richness onto the subject.
hard to maintain the vibrance
dili magdugay, makuspaw ra
 Encaustic – wax colors with fix heat → blower
 Oil Painting – heaviest of the painting mediums; mix with “linseed
oil”.
dries slowly
Ex. Starry Night – Vincent Vangough
 Acrylic – synthetic paint is mixed with acrylic emulsion
 Easel painting – portable support such as a panel or canvas
Magpaint ka, mogamit kag stand
 Mural painting – painting done on a large wall
 Ex. Pader sa eskwelahan
Vandalism – street art
Graffity – spray painting
 Relief – images are raised on the surface
nagauslig, nagbogdo, nag-aangat
Famous Renaissance Artists:
A. Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) – Florence, Italy
Works: Fortitude, The Birth of Venus
 Yaga-yaga MEMO: Married kay Venus anak kay si Fortitude,
nagpuyo sa Florence, Italy
B. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)
 epitome of a Renaissance man
Works: The Last Supper, Monalisa, Vitrovian Man
C. Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520)
 perfection and grace in his artwork; MASTER
Works: School of Athens
D. Michelangelo Bounarroti (1475-1564)
 Archetypal Renaissance man
Sistine Chapel ceiling, Creation of Adam, Pieta
Famous Filipino Painters:
o Fernando Amorsolo
Grand Old Man of Philippine Art; First National Artist (1972)
Impressionist painter
Sikat na Painting: Dalagang Bukid
o Carlos “Botong” Francisco
Painter of Fisherfolks in Angono Rizal
Famous Mural Painting in Manila
o Juan Luna (During Spanish Regime)
he earned gold medal at the Exposicion de Bellas Artes
Spolarium
2. Three-Dimensinal Art – real depth
 Viewed across different angles
 plastic arts not plastic spaces
makastand on their own; Ex. Architecture
A. Architecture
 art of designing and constructing buildings; build structures
Eight Wonders of the World
1. Great Wall of China – Qin and Ming dynasty (21,196 kilometers)
Ang architecture sa China kay resilient → nindot gihapon
2. Chizen Itza – Mayan City in Mexico
365 steps – solar year; advanced astronomical knowledge
3. Petra – Jordan’s southwestern desert
“Rose City” – UNESCO ang nagpangalan
4. Machu Pichu – Peru
unparalled achievement → hindi pantay-pantay
architecture; land use → makikita sa toktok ng bundok
Inca civilization legacy → giabandon kay gisakop sa Espanyol
5. Christ the Redeemer – Mount Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
130-foot statue designed by Heitor da Silva Costa
365 tons → kabog-aton niya
6. Colosseum – Rome Italy
ancient amphitheater; hosting gladiatorial contests
public executions; katong ¼ nga Nawala
7. Taj Mahal – India (Form of Gift)
marble; Emperor Shah Jahan → ang nagpabuhat ani
Mumtaz Mahal → ang wife niya, ang iyang gihatagan ani
8. Angkol Wat – Heart of Cambodia
 Pompeii Italy →kalaban niya sa pag-ilog sa 8th place
Famous Filipino Architects
1. Juan Nakpil
 First national artist for architecture (1973)
Father of Philippine architecture; Renovated Quiapo Church
Gregoria De Jesus – mama niya; asawa dati ni Andres Bonifacio
Julio Nakpil – papa niya
2. Leonardo Locsin
 CCP (Cultural Center of the Philippines
 PICC (Philippine International Convention)
B. Sculptures
 used are clay, glass, plastics, wood, stone, or metals.
Techniques used in Sculpture
1. Carving – cutting away (kuhaan aron makabuo og structure)
2. Modeling – adding (dugangan og clay)
shaping materials
3. Casting – creating a form (with the use of molding); pouring liquid
material
Ex. Maniquin → product of casting
4. Assemblage – joins together (nagassembleya)
5. Molding – “moulding”; shaping materials (nacreate na, nabuhat na)
Famous Filipino Sculptures
1. Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
 First National Artist for Sculpture (1973)
Father of Philippine Sculpture
Obliation, Bonifactio Monument
2. Napoleon Abueva
  Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture Works:
Judas’ Kiss and The Transfiguration
3. Eduardo Castrillo
 Famous of landmark sculptures
Ex. People power monument
C. Textile Arts
 Use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or
decorative objects.
Textile Arts in the Philippines
1. T’nalak
– T’boli tribe in South Cotabato
2. Pis-yabit or Seputangan
– Tausugs of Sulu usually used as head coverings
3. Ikat
– Ifugao style; dyeing process
4. Dagmay
– Mandaya; making it involves a mud-dyeing technique
5. Inaul
– Means weaved; Maguindanaon
6. Banig
– Basey, Samar; over strips of materials to make unique geometrical
designs.
7. Puso
– old method in food preparation; putting rice into it
D. Technological Media
  new media technologies, comprising virtual art, computer graphics,
computer animation, digital art, etc.
1. Photography
– capturing optical images
First camera in history – “daguerreotype”
First old camera – “Kodachrome”
2. Films
– Most advance art; including MOVEMENT
3. Computer Arts
– Computers now also have a plethora of software applications to
create art such as:
Adobe, Photoshop, Affinity Designer, Clip Studio, Paint Pro, Art
Weaver, Art Rage, and etc.