AS/NZS 1477:2006

AS/NZS 1477:2006

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

PVC pipes and fittings for pressure

applications
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006
 AS/NZS 1477:2006
This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical
Committee PL-021, PVC, ABS and Polyamide Pipe Systems. It was approved on
behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 8 June 2006 and on behalf of the
Council of Standards New Zealand on 16 June 2006.
This Standard was published on 13 September 2006.

The following are represented on Committee PL-021:

Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Certification Interests (Australia)
CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology
Energy Networks Association
Engineers Australia
Local Government New Zealand
Master Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers New Zealand
New Zealand Water and Waste Association
Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia
Plastics New Zealand
Water Services Association of Australia

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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 05509.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

PVC pipes and fittings for pressure

applications

Originated in Australia in part as AS K138-1963.

Previous editions AS 1477.1—1988, AS 1477.2—1990, AS 1477.4—1988,
AS 1477.6—1989, AS 2977.1—1988, AS 2977.2—1988 and AS 2977.3—1989.
Originated in New Zealand as NZS 7648:1987.
AS 1477.1—1988, AS 1477.2—1990, AS 1477.4—1988, AS 1477.6—1989,
AS 2977.1—1988, AS 2977.2—1988, AS 2977.3—1989 and NZS 7648:1987
jointly revised and redesignated AS/NZS 4177:1996.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

Third edition 2006.

COPYRIGHT
© Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written
permission of the publisher.
Jointly published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards
New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020
ISBN 0 7337 7702 3
 AS/NZS 1477:2006 2

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
Committee PL-021, PVC, ABS and Polyamide Pipe Systems, to supersede
AS/NZS 1477:1999.
The objective of this Standard is to provide a standard specification for manufacturers and
purchasers of PVC pipe and fittings for pressure applications.
This revision provides for injection-moulded fittings with main diameters greater than
DN 150 with parallel solvent-welded sockets. These fittings are predominantly imported
fittings and have no specific requirements for colour or titanium dioxide to provide UV
protection.
Additional marking requirements have been specified for these fittings to highlight the
parallel sockets, the need for gap-filling solvent cements and additional UV protection
when used outdoors.
At the time of publication of this Standard, the AS 1462 series was still in the progress of a
joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand review. The AS 1462 documents
referenced in this Standard may be withdrawn at a future stage and should then be replaced
by the relevant superseding AS/NZS documents once these are published.
The test criteria specified in this Standard apply to pipes and fittings at the time of
manufacture. They are not be used to assess the results from tests on pipes or fittings that
have been in service.
The term ‘normative’ has been used in this Standard to define the application of the
appendix to which it applies. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of a Standard.
Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be requirements
of this Standard.
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 3 AS/NZS 1477:2006

CONTENTS

Page

FOREWORD.............................................................................................................................. 5

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 6
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 6
1.4 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 7
1.5 NOTATION ................................................................................................................ 8
1.6 CLASSIFICATION ..................................................................................................... 9
1.7 SOLVENT CEMENTS................................................................................................ 9

SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 10
2.2 COMPOSITION ........................................................................................................ 10
2.3 DIMENSIONS........................................................................................................... 10
2.4 COLOUR................................................................................................................... 10
2.5 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS .................................................................................. 11
2.6 REQUIREMENTS FOR ELASTOMERIC JOINTING RINGS................................. 11
2.7 WITNESS MARK ..................................................................................................... 11

SECTION 3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 12
3.2 COMMON TESTS .................................................................................................... 12
3.3 PIPE TESTS .............................................................................................................. 12
3.4 FITTINGS TESTS..................................................................................................... 14
3.5 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINT TESTS..................................................................... 15
3.6 TESTING SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 15
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SECTION 4 PIPES
4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 16
4.2 DIAMETER AND WALL THICKNESS................................................................... 16
4.3 LENGTH ................................................................................................................... 16
4.4 PIPE SPIGOT ENDS................................................................................................. 16
4.5 SOCKETS FORMED ON PIPES .............................................................................. 17
4.6 MARKING ................................................................................................................ 21
4.7 STORAGE AND TRANSPORT................................................................................ 22

SECTION 5 MOULDED FITTINGS

5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 23
5.2 DIMENSIONS........................................................................................................... 23
5.3 WALL THICKNESS ................................................................................................. 25
5.4 THREADED FITTINGS ........................................................................................... 26
5.5 MARKING ................................................................................................................ 26

SECTION 6 POST-FORMED BENDS AND COUPLINGS

6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 28
6.2 REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................... 28
 AS/NZS 1477:2006 4

6.3 SOCKETS ................................................................................................................. 28

6.4 MARKING ................................................................................................................ 28

SECTION 7 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINTS

7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 29
7.2 JOINT DESIGN ........................................................................................................ 29
7.3 WALL THICKNESS ................................................................................................. 29
7.4 SOCKET DEPTH ...................................................................................................... 29

APPENDIX A MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH

THIS STANDARD................................................................................................................... 31
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 5 AS/NZS 1477:2006

FOREWORD

This Standard contains dimensions for two ranges of pipe sizes, Series 1 and Series 2.
Series 1 pipes are a metric pipe size and Series 2 pipes have dimensions that are compatible
with cast iron pressure pipe and fittings.
Pipe dimensions were determined using maximum hoop stresses according to nominal size
as follows: a hydrostatic design stress of 11.0 MPa under static hydrostatic conditions for
calculating the minimum wall thickness of pipes of nominal sizes up to and including
DN 150 and a hydrostatic design stress of 12.3 MPa under static hydrostatic conditions for
pipes of nominal size greater than DN 150. The higher hydrostatic design stress for larger
diameter pipes is based on test results obtained by the manufacturers and is in accordance
with international practice.
The out-of-roundness tolerance on outside diameters is applicable to Classes PN 9, PN 12,
PN 15, PN 16, PN 18 and PN 20. No such tolerance is placed on sizes in Classes PN 4.5 and
PN 6 because the thinner walled pipes may easily be re-rounded when inserted into sockets.
The formulas used are as follows:
PD m min
T min = with a minimum of 1.4 mm
2S + P
T max = 1.10T min + 0.20
where
T min = minimum wall thickness, in millimetres
P = maximum allowable working pressure at 20°C, in megapascals
D m min = minimum mean outside diameter, in millimetres
S = hydrostatic design stress, in megapascals, in the static condition at 20°C:
11.0 MPa for nominal sizes DN 10 to DN 150 mm
12.3 MPa for nominal sizes DN 175 to DN 575 mm
T max = maximum wall thickness, in millimetres
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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 6

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

Australian/New Zealand Standard

PVC pipes and fittings for pressure applications

SECT ION 1 SCOPE AND GENERA L

1.1 SCOPE
This Standard specifies requirements for PVC pipes and fittings for pressure applications
for use below ground or above ground, where they are not exposed to direct sunlight.
NOTES:
1 Pipes and fittings manufactured to this Standard should be used and installed only in
accordance with AS/NZS 2032 and AS/NZS 2566.1, as applicable.

1.2 APPLICATION
Means for demonstrating compliance with this Standard are given in Appendix A.

1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The following documents are referred to in this Standard:
NOTE: For AS 1462, also refer to Preface.
AS
1199 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes
1199.1 Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for
lot-by-lot inspection
1462 Methods of test for unplasticized PVC (UPVC) pipes and fittings
1462.9 Method 9: Method for hydrostatic pressure testing of UPVC pressure fittings
1462.17 Method 17: Method for testing pressure pipe joints with elastomeric seals
1646 Elastomeric seals for waterworks purposes
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1646.1 Part 1: General requirements

1646.2 Part 2: Material requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and
wastewater applications—Specifics by prescription formulation
1646.3 Part 3: Material requirements for pipe joints seals used in water and
wastewater applications with the exception of natural rubber and
polyisoprene compounds
1722 Pipe threads of Whitworth form
1722.1 Part 1: Sealing pipe threads
1722.2 Part 2: Fastening pipe threads
2888 Methods of testing plastics waste fittings
2888.1 Method 1: Method for determining the suitability of connection threads of
BSP form
AS/NZS
1462 Methods of test for plastics pipes and fittings
1462.1 Method 1: Method for determining the dimensions of pipes and fittings
1462.3 Method 3: Method for determining the impact characteristics of plastic pipes
1462.4 Method 4: Method of determining reversion of UPVC pipes
1462.6 Method 6: Method for hydrostatic pressure testing of pipes
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 7 AS/NZS 1477:2006

1462.8 Method 8: Method of test for infiltration

1462.11 Method 11: Method for high temperature stress-relief testing of fittings
AS/NZS
1462.15 Method 15: Method for determination of vinyl chloride monomer content
1462.16 Method 16: Method for high temperature testing of pipe
1462.19 Method 19: C-ring test for fracture toughness of PVC pipes
1462.20 Method 20: Method for the determination of long-term failure stress of PVC
moulding compounds
2032 Installation of PVC pipe systems
2280 Ductile iron pressure pipes and fittings
2544 Grey iron pressure fittings
2566 Buried flexible pipelines
2566.1 Part 1: Structural design
3500 Plumbing and drainage
3500.0 Part 0: Glossary of terms
3879 Solvent cements and priming fluids for use with unplasticized PVC (uPVC)
pipes and fittings
4020 Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water
SA/SANZ
HB18 Conformity assessment
HB18.28 Guide 28: Guidance on a third-party certification scheme for products

1.4 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS/NZS 3500.0 and those below
apply.
1.4.1 Hoop stress
The stress in a pipe or fitting under pressure, acting tangentially to the perimeter of a
transverse section.
1.4.2 Hydrostatic design stress
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The hoop stress due to internal hydrostatic pressure, which can be applied continuously at a
specified temperature. It is obtained by the application of a safety factor to the extrapolated
50 year long-term hydrostatic stress value.
1.4.3 Long-term hydrostatic stress
The continuously applied hoop stress that is estimated to cause failure at a specified time
and temperature.
1.4.4 Moulded fittings
A fitting manufactured entirely by injection moulding.
1.4.5 Out-of-roundness (sometimes referred to as ovality)
The difference between the measured maximum outside diameter and the measured
minimum outside diameter in the same cross-section of the pipe.
1.4.6 Post-formed bend
A bend produced from pipe conforming to this Standard.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 8

1.4.7 Test pressure

The pressure applied internally to pipes or fittings when being tested for strength and
watertightness.
1.4.8 Working pressure
The maximum pressure that can be sustained by the type and class of pipe or fitting for its
estimated useful life under the expected working conditions.

1.5 NOTATION
The following symbols are used in this Standard:
A min = minimum socket depth, in millimetres
d = maximum internal dimension of fitting (see Clause 5.2.2), in millimetres
DN = nominal size (based on nominal bore), in millimetres
Dm = mean outside diameter, in millimetres
Di = socket mouth mean inside diameter, in millimetres
Dr = socket root mean diameter, in millimetres
εd = maximum diametral strain, in megapascals
F = extrapolated 50 year failure stress, in megapascals
K Ic = fracture toughness, in megapascals square root metre (MPa√ m)
L = socket length, in millimetres
P = maximum static working pressure of the fitting, in megapascals
PN = The nominal working pressure designated in bar but normally referenced in
megapascals, i.e.,
 PN (in bar ) 
 = MPa 
 10 
S = hydrostatic design stress, in megapascals
t = pipe material temperature range, in degrees
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T = wall thickness, in millimetres

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 9 AS/NZS 1477:2006

1.6 CLASSIFICATION
Pipe and fittings shall be classified by nominal pressure as follows:
PN 4.5—for a nominal working pressure of 0.45 MPa at 20°C.
PN 6—for a nominal working pressure of 0.6 MPa at 20°C.
PN 9—for a nominal working pressure of 0.9 MPa at 20°C.
PN 12—for a nominal working pressure of 1.2 MPa at 20°C.
PN 15—for a nominal working pressure of 1.5 MPa at 20°C.
PN 16—for a nominal working pressure of 1.6 MPa at 20°C.
PN 18—for a nominal working pressure of 1.8 MPa at 20°C.
PN 20—for a nominal working pressure of 2.0 MPa at 20°C.
NOTE: Selection of class should be based on consideration of all factors that may affect the
operation of the pipe, e.g., temperature of operation, fluctuating pressure, and external loading.
Reference should be made to AS/NZS 2032 for the design and installation of PVC systems.

1.7 SOLVENT CEMENTS

Pipes and fittings manufactured to this Standard, suitable for solvent cement jointing, are
intended for use with solvent cements and priming fluids complying with AS/NZS 3879,
Pressure (Type P).
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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 10

SEC T I O N 2 G E N E RA L RE Q U IRE M E N T S

2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

This Section specifies the minimum general requirements applicable to PVC pressure pipes
and fittings.

2.2 COMPOSITION
The material from which the pipes and fittings are produced shall consist of polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) together with additives necessary for the manufacture and performance
requirements of this Standard. Such additives shall include a minimum of 1.5 parts of rutile
titanium dioxide (TiO2) per 100 parts per mass of PVC. This requirement does not apply to
fittings greater than DN 150 with non-interference fit parallel sockets. The PVC content of
the pipe or fitting shall be not less than 83.3%. Establishment of the TiO2 and PVC content
shall be achieved by the use of process control methods. Rework material of the same
composition, regenerated from the manufacturer’s own production of pipes and fittings
made to this Standard may be used.

2.3 DIMENSIONS
The dimensions of the pipes and fittings, measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1,
shall conform to the dimensions given in this Standard.
Out-of-roundness of the outside diameter shall be measured within 24 h from the time of
manufacture.
Out-of-roundness tolerances apply to Classes PN 9, PN 12, PN 15, PN 16, PN 18 and PN 20
only.

2.4 COLOUR
2.4.1 Series 1
Series 1 pipes for drinking water application shall be white.
2.4.2 Series 2
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Series 2 pipes for drinking water applications shall be light blue and neither lighter than
RAL 200 90 10 or RAL 210 90 10 nor darker than RAL 200 80 25 or RAL 210 80 25.
2.4.3 Recycled water
Series 1 and series 2 pipes specified for recycled water applications shall be purple. The
colour shall be neither lighter than RAL 310 70 15 nor darker than RAL 330 40 40 or
RAL 310 50 30.
2.4.4 Sewer
Pipes intended for pressure sewerage applications shall be cream. The colour shall be
neither lighter than RAL 080 90 20, nor darker than RAL 075 80 20.
2.4.5 Other colours
Other colours may be supplied by agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
NOTE: Information on the RAL colour range may be obtained from RAL Deutsches Institut für
Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung e.V., www.ral.de.

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 11 AS/NZS 1477:2006

2.5 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS

2.5.1 General
Defects shall not affect the performance or function of the pipes and fittings in service.
Pipes shall not have any blisters and heat marks. When grooves, wrinkles, rippling, dents or
projections are present, the pipe shall comply with the dimensional requirements of
Table 4.2 (A) or Table 4.2 (B), as appropriate.
2.5.2 Cleanliness
Pipes and fittings shall be clean and free from any manufacturing debris.
2.5.3 Ends
Pipe and fitting ends shall not have any chips and rough edges. Jointing surfaces shall be
smooth. The axis of sockets formed on the ends of pipes and fittings shall be parallel within
2° to the axis of the fitting.
The jointing surfaces of sockets on pipes and fittings for solvent cement jointing shall taper
uniformly from the mouth to the root of the socket.
NOTE: The defects described in Clauses 2.5.1 and 2.5.3 cannot be completely quantified. Where
the presence, size or frequency of any such defects are considered to be of concern, arrangements
for acceptable product quality should be made between purchaser/statutory authority/certifying
body (as appropriate) and the manufacturer. This may be achieved by the provision of acceptable
type samples. Where defects are present and the product is submitted for acceptance, the
manufacturer should be able to demonstrate fitness for purpose.

2.6 REQUIREMENTS FOR ELASTOMERIC JOINTING RINGS

The elastomeric jointing rings shall comply with AS 1646.1, and either AS 1646.2 or
AS 1646.3.
NOTE: Elastomeric jointing rings, for use with pipe and fittings manufactured to this Standard,
should be obtained only from the pipe or fittings manufacturer.

2.7 WITNESS MARK

Pipes with a socket for elastomeric seal joints shall carry a witness mark on the spigot end
to delineate the insertion length (see Figure 4.1(b)).
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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 12

SE C T I ON 3 P E R F O RM A N CE RE Q U I RE M E N T S

3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

This Section specifies the minimum performance requirements applicable to PVC pressure
pipes and fittings at the time of manufacture.
NOTE: Test requirements given in this Section relate to product performance only and are not
intended to relate to field performance.

3.2 COMMON TESTS

3.2.1 Effect on water
Pipes, fittings, post-formed bends, couplings, lubricants and elastomeric seals shall comply
with AS/NZS 4020. A scaling factor of 1 shall be applied to pipes. For fittings, a scaling
factor of 0.01 shall be applied.
NOTE: Applies to all applications including recycled water.
3.2.2 Vinyl chloride monomer test
When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.15, the vinyl chloride monomer level
shall not exceed 1 mg/kg. Where a pipe or fitting manufacturer uses a resin with a residual
vinyl chloride monomer content of less than 1 mg/kg, this requirement shall be considered
to be met.

3.3 PIPE TESTS

3.3.1 Long-term hydrostatic pressure test
When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.6, long-term hydrostatic pressure test,
the extrapolated mean hoop stress values at 50 years (σ 50) and the extrapolated 97.5% lower
confidence limit (LCLσ ) of failure time shall be not less than the values specified in
Table 3.3.1.
In addition, the compound shall sustain a hoop stress of 12.5 MPa at 60°C for 1 000 h
without failure in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.6. Prior to the establishment of a test point
beyond 10 000 h in the 20°C test, provisional approval of a PVC-U compound may be
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obtained by meeting the 60°C requirement.

TABLE 3.3.1
LONG-TERM HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST
Mean hoop stress 20°C,
Nominal size LCL20 LCL23
50 years (σ 50 )
DN years years
MPa
Up to 150 23.6 50 —
175 and above 26 — 50

3.3.2 Impact characteristics at 20°C

When tested in accordance with the 20°C impact test procedure of AS/NZS 1462.3, the pipe
shall have a true impact rate (TIR) below 10% at a confidence level of 90%.
The testing parameters employed shall be as follows:
(a) Mass—as specified in Table 3.3.2 (A) of this Standard.
(b) Maximum number of impacts per specimen—as specified in Table 3.3.2 (B) of this
Standard.

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 13 AS/NZS 1477:2006

(c) Drop height—2 +0.1, −0.0 m.

TABLE 3.3.2 (A)

TEST MASSES FOR 20°C IMPACT TEST
Nominal Total Nominal Total Nominal Total
size mass size mass size mass
DN kg DN kg DN kg
10 0.5 50 1.75 175 3.75
15 0.75 65 2.00 200 5.00
20 1.00 80 2.25 225 5.75
25 1.25 100 2.75 250 6.25
32 1.38 125 3.25 300 7.50
40 1.5 150 3.50 and above —
NOTE: The tolerance on mass is +0.05, −0 kg.

TABLE 3.3.2 (B)

MAXIMUM NUMBER OF IMPACTS PER SPECIMEN
FOR 20°C IMPACT TEST
Nominal size Maximum number of impacts
DN per specimen
<50 1
50 3
65 3
80 4
100 6
125 8
150 8
175 10
200 12
225 14
250 16
≥300 20

3.3.3 Reversion test

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When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.4, the reversion of the pipe shall not
exceed 5.0%, nor shall the pipe show any signs of cracks, cavities or blisters resulting from
the immersion.
3.3.4 High temperature test
When tested at 180°C in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.16, pipes shall not show any splits,
delamination, porosity or inclusions.
NOTE: Absorbed water can affect results and, hence, caution is to be used when applying this test
to pipes that have been stored or used in service.
3.3.5 Fracture toughness test (only applicable to pipes DN ≥80 and T min ≥4.0 mm)
When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.19, pipes shall exhibit a fracture toughness
(K Ic) value of not less than that determined by the following equation:
K Ic = 0.09σ y
Where σ y is the 15 min yield strength obtained from the testing of pipes in accordance with
AS/NZS 1462.6 or in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.19.

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3.3.6 Short-term hydrostatic pressure test

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.6 at 3.6 times the rated working pressure of
the appropriate class of pipe at 20 ±2°C for 1 h, the pipe shall show no signs of bursting or
cracking.

3.4 FITTINGS TESTS

3.4.1 Long-term tensile stress test
The material from which the fittings are manufactured shall exhibit an extrapolated 50 year
ultimate tensile stress not less than that specified by the manufacturer, when tested in
accordance with one of the following alternative methods:
(a) The long-term failure stress test of AS/NZS 1462.20.
(b) The long-term hydrostatic test of AS/NZS 1462.6, using a tube test specimen
produced from the material from which the fittings are manufactured.
3.4.2 Tightening torque test
When tested in accordance with AS 2888.1, the threaded fitting shall be capable of being
tightened without damage when the torque specified in Table 3.4.2 is applied.

TABLE 3.4.2
THREAD TIGHTENING TORQUES
Nominal size of thread Thread tightening torque
mm Nm
≤32 15
>32 ≤40 20
>40 ≤50 25
>50 ≤65 40
>65 ≤80 50
>80 ≤100 60

3.4.3 Short-term hydrostatic pressure test

When determined in accordance with AS 1462.9, at 3.6 times the rated working pressure of
the appropriate class of fitting at 20 ±2°C for 1 h, the fitting shall show no sign of bursting
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or cracking.
3.4.4 High-temperature stress relief
When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.11 at a temperature of 150 ±4°C for
30 +3, –0 min, the high temperature stress relief properties of the unrestrained fitting shall
comply with the following requirements:
(a) There shall be no evidence of inclusions in the fitting.
(b) Delamination or damage at the injection point shall not have reduced the wall
thickness to less than 50% of the minimum wall thickness specified in Clause 5.3.1.
(c) The weld line shall not open to a depth of more than 50% of the wall thickness.
NOTE: The weld line is likely to become prominent, and the fitting distorted; however, this
does not constitute a failure.
(d) Not more than 5% of the total internal and external surface of the fitting shall exhibit
blisters and/or surface delamination.

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 15 AS/NZS 1477:2006

3.5 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINT TESTS

3.5.1 Joint hydrostatic test
When tested at 20°C in accordance with the hydrostatic test of AS/NZS 1462.17, the joint
shall withstand, without observable leakage, a hydrostatic pressure equal to 2.0 times the
nominal pressure of the pipe for a period of 24 h. The joint shall also withstand, without
observable leakage, a hydrostatic pressure of 3.6 times working pressure for a period of 1 h
without offset.
3.5.2 Joint infiltration test
When tested in accordance with the infiltration test of AS/NZS 1462.8, the joint shall
withstand an internal vacuum corresponding to a negative gauge pressure of −80 kPa to
−85 kPa or an external hydrostatic pressure of 80 +5, −0 kPa at 20 ±2°C for a period of
2 +0.1, −0 h without leakage.

3.6 TESTING SUMMARY

Table 3.6 summarizes the testing requirements for PVC pressure pipe system components.

TABLE 3.6
TEST SUMMARY
Moulded
Test Clause Method Pipe Bend Ring
fitting
Effect on water 3.2.1 AS/NZS 4020 R R R R
Vinyl chloride monomer 3.2.2 AS/NZS 1462.15 R R R
Pipe long-term hydrostatic pressure test 3.3.1 AS/NZS 1462.6 R
Pipe impact characteristics at 20°C 3.3.2 AS/NZS 1462.3 R
Pipe reversion 3.3.3 AS/NZS 1462.4 R
Pipe high-temperature test 3.3.4 AS/NZS 1462.16 R
Pipe fracture toughness 3.3.5 AS/NZS 1462.19 R
Pipe short-term hydrostatic pressure test 3.3.6 AS/NZS 1462.6 R
Fitting long-term tensile stress test 3.4.1 AS/NZS 1462.20 R
or
AS/NZS 1462.6
Fitting torque 3.4.2 AS 2888.1 R
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

Fitting short-term hydrostatic pressure test 3.4.3 AS 1462.9 R

Fitting high-temperature stress relief 3.4.4 AS/NZS 1462.11 R
Joint hydrostatic test 3.5.1 AS 1462.17 R R R R
Joint infiltration test 3.5.2 AS/NZS 1462.8 R R R R
R = test is required.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 16

SECT ION 4 P IPES

4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

This Section specifies dimensional and other specific requirements for pipes. Two series of
pipe sizes are specified—
(a) Series 1, which is a metric pipe size; and
(b) Series 2, which covers dimensions that are compatible with pressure pipes and fittings
manufactured to AS/NZS 2280 and AS/NZS 2544.

4.2 DIAMETER AND WALL THICKNESS

Series 1 pipe dimensions are given in Table 4.2 (A) and Series 2 pipe dimensions are given
in Table 4.2 (B).
The thickness at any point shall not fall below the minimum specified in Tables 4.2 (A) or
4.2 (B), as appropriate to the pressure class, and the average thickness shall not exceed the
maximum specified. Wall thickness may exceed Tmax by up to 30% within 150 mm of the
end of the pipe or socket.

4.3 LENGTH
4.3.1 Effective length
The effective length of pipe shall be 6 +0.05, −0 m at 20°C or as agreed upon between
purchaser and supplier.
4.3.2 Spigoted and socketed pipe for elastomeric ring jointing
Spigoted and socketed pipes for elastomeric ring jointing shall be marked with a witness
mark such that, when the spigot is inserted into a matching pipe socket with the witness
mark on line with the mouth of the socket, the jointing requirements of Section 7 are met
(see Figure 4.1(b)).
The effective length shall be determined by subtracting the insertion length from the overall
length, measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1, and then, if necessary, making an
adjustment for temperature.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

NOTE: The coefficient of thermal expansion of PVC pipe may be taken for reference as 7 × 10−5
per Kelvin (see AS/NZS 2032).
4.3.3 Spigoted and socketed pipe for solvent cement jointing
The effective length of spigoted and socketed pipe for solvent cement jointing shall be
determined by subtracting the socket length from the overall length both measured in
accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1 and then, if necessary, making an adjustment for
temperature (see Figure 4.1(c)).
4.3.4 Plain-ended pipe
For plain-ended pipes the overall length, measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1,
shall be the effective length.

4.4 PIPE SPIGOT ENDS

Pipe spigot ends, measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1, shall be normal to the main
axis of the pipe spigot within the tolerances for end squareness given in Table 4.2 (A).

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 17 AS/NZS 1477:2006

4.5 SOCKETS FORMED ON PIPES

4.5.1 Tolerances
Sockets measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1 shall be normal to the main axis of
the pipe socket within the tolerances for end squareness given in Table 4.2 (A). Sockets
formed on the ends of pipe shall be parallel within ±2° to the axis of the pipe. Sockets shall
be concentric with the pipe to within 2.5% of pipe outside diameter for pipes up to and
including nominal size DN 150, and 1.0% for larger pipes.
4.5.2 Series 1 pipe for solvent cement jointing
Sockets formed on Series 1 pipe for solvent cement jointing shall conform to the
dimensions given in Table 4.5.2. Socket wall thickness shall be not less than 90% of the
specified pipe minimum wall thickness. The jointing surface of pipe sockets for solvent
cement jointing shall taper uniformly from the mouth to the root of the socket.
4.5.3 Pipes for elastomeric seal jointing
Sockets formed on pipes for elastomeric seal jointing shall be in accordance with the
requirements of Section 7.
4.5.4 Deflection of sockets
Where manufacturers produce elastomeric seal parts designed for deflection joints in pipes,
such parts shall meet the requirements of Section 7.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

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 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

TABLE 4.2 (A)

DIMENSIONS OF PVC PRESSURE PIPES—SERIES 1: METRIC PIPE SERIES
AS/NZS 1477:2006

millimetres
Outside diameter Wall thickness
Nominal Tolerance
size Mean outside Maximum PN 4.5 PN 6 PN 9 PN 12 PN 15 PN 18 on end
diameter out of
DN squareness
D m min D m max roundness T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max
10 17.0 17.3 0.5 — — — — — — — — — — 1.4 1.7 1
15 21.2 21.5 0.5 — — — — — — — — 1.4 1.7 1.6 2.0 1
20 26.6 26.9 0.5 — — — — — — 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.0 2.4 1
25 33.4 33.7 0.5 — — — — 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.5 3.0 1
32 42.1 42.4 0.5 — — — — 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.7 1
40 48.1 48.4 0.5 — — 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.6 4.2 2
18

50 60.2 60.5 0.6 — — 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.1 3.6 3.8 4.4 4.6 5.3 2
65 75.2 75.5 0.7 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.4 3.0 3.5 3.9 4.5 4.8 5.5 5.7 6.5 3

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80 88.7 89.1 0.9 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.5 4.1 4.6 5.3 5.7 6.5 6.7 7.6 3

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100 114.1 114.5 1.2 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.5 4.5 5.2 5.9 6.7 7.3 8.2 8.6 9.7 4
125 140.0 140.4 1.4 2.8 3.3 3.7 4.3 5.5 6.3 7.2 8.1 8.9 10.0 10.6 11.9 5
150 160.0 160.5 1.6 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.8 6.3 7.1 8.3 9.3 10.2 11.4 12.1 13.5 6
175 200.0 200.5 2.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 7.1 8.0 9.3 10.4 11.5 12.8 13.6 15.2 7
200 225.0 225.6 2.2 4.0 4.6 5.4 6.1 7.9 8.9 10.5 11.7 12.9 14.4 15.3 17.1 8
225 250.0 250.7 2.5 4.5 5.1 6.0 6.7 8.8 9.9 11.6 13.0 14.4 16.0 17.0 19.0 9
250 280.0 280.8 2.8 5.0 5.7 6.7 7.5 9.9 11.1 13.0 14.5 16.1 17.9 19.1 21.2 10
300 315.0 315.9 3.1 5.7 6.4 7.5 8.5 11.1 12.4 14.7 16.3 18.1 20.1 21.5 23.8 11
350 355.0 356.0 3.6 6.4 7.2 8.5 9.5 12.5 14.0 16.5 18.4 20.4 22.6 24.2 26.8 12
375 400.0 401.0 4.0 7.2 8.1 9.5 10.7 14.1 15.7 18.6 20.7 23.0 25.5 27.3 30.2 14
400 450.0 451.0 4.5 8.1 9.1 10.7 12.0 15.9 17.7 20.9 23.2 25.9 28.6 30.7 34.0 16
450 500.0 501.0 5.0 9.0 10.1 11.9 13.3 17.6 19.6 23.3 25.8 28.7 31.8 34.1 37.7 17
500 560.0 561.0 5.6 10.1 11.3 13.3 14.9 19.8 21.9 26.0 28.9 32.2 35.6 38.2 42.2 19
575 630.0 631.0 6.3 11.3 12.6 15.0 16.7 22.2 24.7 29.3 32.4 36.2 40.0 43.0 47.5 22
 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

TABLE 4.2 (B)

DIMENSIONS OF PVC PRESSURE PIPE—SERIES 2: CAST IRON OUTSIDE DIAMETER (CIOD) SERIES
millimetres
Outside diameter (OD) Wall thickness
Nom. Tolerance
size Mean OD Maximum PN 6 PN 9 PN 12 PN 16 PN 18 PN 20 on end
DN out-of- squareness
D m min D m max T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max T min T max
roundness
100 121.7 122.1 1.2 3.3 3.9 4.8 5.5 6.3 7.1 8.3 9.3 9.2 10.3 10.2 11.4 4
150 177.1 177.6 1.8 4.7 5.4 7.0 7.9 9.2 10.3 12 13.4 13.4 14.9 14.8 16.5 6
200 231.9 232.6 2.3 6.2 7.1 9.2 10.4 10.8 12.1 14.2 15.8 15.9 17.7 17.5 19.5 8
225 258.9 259.6 2.5 6.2 7.0 9.2 10.3 12.1 13.5 15.9 17.7 17.7 19.7 19.5 21.7 9
250 285.8 286.6 2.8 6.8 7.7 10.1 11.3 13.3 14.8 17.5 19.5 19.5 21.7 21.5 23.9 10
300 344.9 345.8 3.5 8.2 9.2 12.2 13.6 16.1 17.9 21.1 23.4 — — — — 11
375 425.7 426.7 4.2 10.2 11.4 15.1 16.8 19.8 22.0 26.1 28.9 — — — — 14
450 506.5 507.5 5.0 12.1 13.5 17.9 19.9 23.6 26.2 31.0 34.3 — — — — 17
19

500 559.8 560.8 5.6 13.4 14.9 19.8 22.0 26.1 28.9 34.2 37.8 — — — — 20
600 666.5 667.5 6.6 15.9 17.7 23.6 26.2 31.0 34.3 40.8 45.1 — — — — 23

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NOTES TO TABLE 4.2 (A):
1 Dimensions apply to barrel of pipe exclusive of end treatment (see Clause 2.3).
2 Out of roundness tolerance applies to Classes PN 9, PN 12, PN 15 and PN 18 only (see Clause 2.3).
3 Pipes in this series were formerly covered by AS 1477—1988, PVC pipes and fittings for pressure applications (NZS 7648:1987).
NOTES TO TABLE 4.2 (B):
1 Dimensions apply to barrel of pipe exclusive of end treatment (see Clause 2.3).
2 Out-of-roundness tolerance applies to Classes PN 9, PN 12, PN 16, PN 18 and PN 20 only (see Clause 2.3).
3 Series 2 pipes have been developed with outside diameter dimensions that are compatible with cast iron pipes and fittings for pressure applications.
AS/NZS 1477:2006
 AS/NZS 1477:2006 20

TABLE 4.5.2
DIMENSIONS OF SOCKETS FORMED ON PIPE ENDS FOR SOLVENT
CEMENT JOINTING SERIES 1 PVC PIPES (see Figure 4.2)
millimetres
Pipe dimensions Socket dimensions
Minimum Mean root diameter Mean mouth diameter
Nominal size
socket length
DN D r min D r max D i min D i max
L
10 22 16.7 16.9 17.4 17.6
15 35 20.9 21.1 21.6 21.8
20 35 26.2 26.5 27.0 27.3
25 35 33.0 33.3 33.8 34.1
32 35 41.7 42.0 42.5 42.8
40 48 47.7 48.0 48.5 48.8
50 61 59.8 60.1 60.6 60.9
65 61 74.8 75.1 75.6 75.9
80 73 88.3 88.6 89.2 89.5
100 99 113.5 113.8 114.8 115.1
125 125 139.4 139.7 140.7 141.0
150 125 159.4 159.7 160.8 161.1
175 147 199.4 199.7 200.8 201.1
200 147 224.3 224.7 225.9 226.3
225 173 249.2 249.6 251.1 251.5
250 198 279.1 279.6 281.3 281.8
300 249 314.0 314.5 316.4 316.9
350 297 353.9 354.5 356.5 357.1
375 322 398.8 399.4 401.6 402.2
400 348 448.9 449.5 451.5 452.1
450 348 498.7 499.4 501.6 502.3
500 498 558.6 559.4 561.6 562.4
575 449 628.5 629.3 631.8 632.6
NOTE: The basis of computation is as follows:
Root and mouth diameters have been chosen to give an interference fit with maximum and
minimum mean diameters of pipes laid down in Table 4.2 (A).
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

Interference occurs at points along the socket length as follows:

(a) Up to and including 65 mm pipe................................................... between 0.1 and 0.9 L.
(b) Above 65 mm pipe ...................................................................... between 0.2 and 0.8 L.
Dm max − Dr min
Max. diametral strain εd = × 100 does not exceed 3.5%.
Dr min

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 21 AS/NZS 1477:2006

FIGURE 4.1 EFFECTIVE LENGTHS OF PIPE

Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

FIGURE 4.2 TYPICAL PIPE SOCKET FOR SOLVENT CEMENT JOINTING

4.6 MARKING
All pipes shall be legibly and durably marked with letters of a minimum height of 3 mm for
pipe of DN100 or less and a minimum height of 5 mm for pipes of greater diameter, using a
distinctive colour. Such marking shall be repeated at intervals such that the length of any
unmarked pipe shall not exceed 1 m. The marking shall show the following:
(a) Manufacturer’s name and registered trademark.
(b) The pipe series number.
(c) The letters ‘PVC-U’.
(d) Nominal size in form ‘50’, as appropriate.
(e) Classification in the form ‘PN 12’, as appropriate.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 22

(f) Pipes designed with deflection joints, the maximum allowable angular deflection in
degrees.
(g) Date of manufacture, using the ISO system in the form 990515 (i.e., the 15th of
May 1999), as appropriate.
(h) Identification of place of manufacture. The manufacturer’s code is acceptable,
e.g., P1.
(i) The number of the Standard.
Example:
TRADE NAME S1 PVC 50 PN 12 MAX DEFL 3° 990515 P1 AS/NZS 1477
or
TRADE NAME S2 PVC 100 PN 12 MAX DEFL 3° 990515 P1 AS/NZS 1477
NOTE: Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian/New Zealand
Standard on a product, packaging, or promotional material related to that product are advised to
ensure that such compliance is capable of being verified.

4.7 STORAGE AND TRANSPORT

All pipes shall be stored and transported in accordance with AS/NZS 2032 while under the
manufacturer’s control.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

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 23 AS/NZS 1477:2006

SECT ION 5 MOU L DED F I TT I N GS

5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

The Section specifies dimensional and other specific requirements for mould fittings.

5.2 DIMENSIONS
5.2.1 General
Fitting dimensions shall comply with the appropriate values from the Tables included or
referenced in this Section.
5.2.2 Spigot ends on moulded fittings
The dimensions of spigot ends on moulded fittings shall meet the outside diameter
requirements of Table 4.2 (A). Where the spigot end is intended to be used in conjunction
with sockets complying with Table 4.5.2 of this Standard, the length of the spigot shall be
not less than the minimum socket length specified in Table 5.2 (A) of this Standard.
5.2.3 Sockets on moulded fittings
5.2.3.1 Socket length of fittings for solvent cement jointing
Socket length shall comply with the requirements of Table 5.2 (A) for tapered interference
fit sockets and Table 5.2 (B) for non-interference fit parallel sockets.
5.2.3.2 Socket taper for interference fit tapered sockets for solvent cement jointing
The jointing surface of sockets for solvent cement joints shall have a taper that complies
with the following requirements:
(a) An interference fit that occurs where the maximum pipe diameter (see Section 4)
enters the socket more than 0.1L and the minimum pipe diameter (see Section 4)
enters the socket less than 0.9L.
(b) The maximum diametral strain does not exceed 3.5% when calculated from the
following equation:

D m max − D r min
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

ε = × 100
D r min
where
ε = maximum diametral strain, in percent
D m max = maximum mean diameter of pipe specified in Section 4, in millimetres
D r min = minimum socket root mean diameter, in millimetres
L = depth to D r min , in millimetres (see Figure 5.1)
5.2.3.3 Sockets on fittings for elastomeric seal joints
Sockets on fittings for elastomeric seal joints shall be in accordance with the requirements
of Section 7.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 24

FIGURE 5.1 FITTING SOCKET FOR SOLVENT CEMENT JOINTING

5.2.3.4 Socket taper for non-interference fit parallel sockets for solvent cement jointing
The maximum included angle for the socket portion to the pipe fittings shall not exceed the
following values:
dn ≤63 mm 0° 40'
75 mm ≤d n ≤315 mm 0° 30'
355 mm ≤d n ≤400 mm 0° 15'

TABLE 5.2 (A)

MINIMUM LENGTH OF MOULDED PVC SOCKETS
ON FITTINGS FOR SOLVENT CEMENT JOINTING
millimetres
Nominal size Socket length
DN L
10 15.0
15 17.0
20 19.3
25 22.0
32 27.0
40 30.0
50 36.0
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

65 44.0
80 50.0
100 60.0
125 83.0
150 87.0
175 106.0
200 118.5

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 25 AS/NZS 1477:2006

TABLE 5.2 (B)

METRIC SERIES DIMENSIONS FOR PVC-U MOULDED PARALLEL SOCKETS
millimetres
Nominal outside Mean outside Minimum socket Mean inside diameter at
diameter diameter length midpoint of socket depth Out of
roundness
dn D m min D m max L min dim min dim max

140 140.0 140.4 76.0 140.2 140.5 0.9

160 160.0 160.5 86.0 160.2 160.5 1.0
200 200.0 200.5 106.0 200.2 200.6 1.2
225 225.0 225.6 118.5 225.3 225.7 1.4
250 250.0 250.7 131.0 250.3 250.8 1.5
280 280.0 280.8 146.0 280.3 280.9 1.7
315 315.0 315.9 163.5 315.4 316.0 1.9
355 355.0 356.0 183.5 355.5 356.2 2.2
400 400.0 401.0 206.0 400.5 401.5 2.4
NOTES:
1 Moulded fittings with main diameters greater than DN 150 (160 OD) are only acceptable.
2 Branch sizes less than DN 150 are acceptable.
3 The minimum socket length is calculated by the following equation: L = 0.5d n + 6 mm.
4 Fittings are classified by the size of the main body of the fitting.

5.3 WALL THICKNESS

5.3.1 Minimum thickness
The minimum wall thickness of fittings, measured in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1, for
all sections subject to hoop stress developed under internal pressure, but excluding any
socket lead-in, taper or radius, shall be not less than the greater of the thickness calculated
from the following equations and Clause 5.3.2.
T min = PD m max /(2S−P) . . . 5.3 (1)
S = F/2.15 . . . 5.3 (2)
where
T min = minimum wall thickness, in millimetres
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

P = maximum allowable working pressure of the fitting, in megapascals

D m max = maximum mean external diameter of the pipe for which the fitting is
intended, in millimetres
S = hydrostatic design stress, in megapascals
F = extrapolated 50 year failure stress specified by the manufacturer, in
megapascals

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 26

5.3.2 Special fittings of varying, tapered or non-circular cross-section

The minimum wall thickness of fittings of varying, tapered or non-circular cross-section, at
any point on the body, shall be not less than the thickness calculated from the following
equation:
T min = Pd/(2S−P)
where
T min = minimum wall thickness, in millimetres
P = maximum allowable working pressure of the fitting, in megapascals
d = the maximum internal dimension over the cross-section of the fitting, formed
by the intersecting plane that produces the cross-section of minimum area,
through the point of the fitting under consideration, in millimetres
S = hydrostatic design stress (see Clause 5.3.1), in megapascals

5.4 THREADED FITTINGS

5.4.1 General
All threads shall be of Whitworth form, right hand, and the number of threads engaged shall
conform with Table 5.4, except that fittings ends required to connect to pipes or fittings of
other materials shall comply with the appropriate Standard that applies to the connection.

TABLE 5.4
MINIMUM THREAD ENGAGEMENT
Thread size Min. number of
Fastening threads, Sealing thread, full threads
nominal size, mm major diameter, mm engaged

≤25 ≤32 3
>25 ≤50 >32 ≤65 4
>50 ≤80 >65 ≤90 5
>80 >90 6

5.4.2 Fastening pipe threads

Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

Fastening pipe threads shall comply with the relevant requirements of AS 1722.2, to ensure
compatibility of threads.
Internal threads shall be series designation G.
External threads shall be series designation GB.
5.4.3 Sealing pipe threads
Sealing pipe threads shall comply with the relevant requirements of AS 1722.1.

5.5 MARKING
5.5.1 General
All fittings shall be legibly and durably marked or moulded with the following information:
(a) Manufacturer’s name or registered trademark.
(b) The letters ‘PVC’.
(c) Nominal size in the form ‘50’, as appropriate.

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 27 AS/NZS 1477:2006

(d) Classification in the form ‘PN 12’, as appropriate (see Note 1).
(e) The number of this Standard.
Example:
TRADE NAME PVC 50 PN 12 AS/NZS 1477 (or AS 1477 or NZS 1477)
NOTES:
1 Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian/New Zealand Standard
on a product, packaging or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure
that such compliance is capable of being verified.
2 Fittings produced with deflection joints should have the maximum allowable angular
deflection in degrees marked on the socket, using a sticker or other means.
5.5.2 Additional marking for parallel sockets
Adhesive labels or print marking shall be used on packaging where fittings are packed as
single units. The following information, in addition to that required in Clause 5.5.1, shall be
marked:
(a) Parallel socket.
(b) Gap filling solvent cement required.
(c) Protection required for use outdoors in direct sunlight.
NOTE: Applicable to fittings with less than 1.5% TiO 2.
Example:
Trade name PVC 225 PN12 Parallel Socket AS/NZS 1477
Suitable for use only with ‘Trade name’ gap filling cement. Protection from sunlight
(UV) is required where fittings are used outdoors.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 28

SECT ION 6 POST-FORMED BEN DS AND

COUP L I N GS

6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

This Section specifies requirements for post-formed bends and couplings.

6.2 REQUIREMENTS
Bends shall be formed from pipe complying with this Standard. When thinned down by
bending, the wall thickness shall be not less than the minimum wall thickness required for
the rated nominal pressure of the pipeline. Couplings shall be formed from pipes complying
with this Standard.

6.3 SOCKETS
All sockets formed on post-formed bends and couplings shall comply with the requirements
of Clause 4.5.

6.4 MARKING
All post-formed bends and couplings shall be legibly and durably marked, using lettering of
5 mm minimum height, with the following information:
(a) The manufacturer’s name or registered trademark.
(b) The letters ‘PVC-U’.
(c) Nominal size in the form ‘50’, as appropriate.
(d) Classification in the form ‘PN 12’, as appropriate.
(e) Angle of bend for post-formed bend only.
(f) Date of manufacture, in the form 990515 (i.e., the 15th of May, 1999), as appropriate.
(g) Identification of place of manufacture. The manufacturer’s code is acceptable, e.g.,
P1.
(h) The number of this Standard.
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

Example:
TRADE NAME PVC 50 PN 12 10E 990515 P1 AS/NZS 1477.
NOTES:
1 Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian/New Zealand Standard
on a product, packaging, or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure
that such compliance is capable of being verified.
2 Post-formed bends produced with deflection joints should have the maximum allowable
angular deflection in degrees marked on the socket, using a sticker or other means.

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 29 AS/NZS 1477:2006

SECT I ON 7 E L A ST O M E R IC SE A L J O I NT S

7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION

This Section specifies requirements for elastomeric seal joints.

7.2 JOINT DESIGN

The joint design requirements are confined to the socket and the jointing seal, so that the
performance requirements laid down in this Standard may be met by using parallel spigots
within the dimensions for pipes specified in Section 4.

7.3 WALL THICKNESS

When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1, the minimum wall thickness of
sockets for elastomeric seal jointing, on the pressure side of the joint, shall be not less than
the minimum pipe wall thickness specified in Section 4.

7.4 SOCKET DEPTH

The minimum socket depth (A min ) (see Figure 7.1) shall be in accordance with Table 7.4 for
Series 1 and Series 2 pipes.

TABLE 7.4
DEPTH OF PVC SOCKETS FOR
ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINTING
millimetres

Nominal size Minimum socket depth

DN (A min)
50 38
65 41
80 43
100 47
125 51
Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 09 Dec 2006

150 54
175 60
200 64
225 67
250 72
300 77
350 83
375 90
400 97
450 105
500 114
575 124

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 30

The minimum socket depth (A min ) in Table 7.4, beyond contact with the joint seal has been
calculated for pipes of 6 m effective length and for an anticipated temperature range of
50°C. For conditions other than 6 m length and 50°C temperature range, the minimum
socket depth (A min ) beyond contact with the joint seal shall be not less than the distance
calculated using the following equation:
A min = 1.4CL et + 0.15D m min
where
A min = minimum socket depth beyond contact with the joint seal, in millimetres
C = coefficient of thermal expansion of PVC, taken as being 7.0 × 10−5
per Kelvin (see AS/NZS 2032)
DN = nominal size, in millimetres
D m min = the mean outside diameter of pipe, in millimetres
Le = the effective length of pipe, in millimetres
t = the pipe material temperature range, in degrees Celsius
NOTE: See Section 4 for values of D m min.

FIGURE 7.1 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINT WITH GROOVE IN SOCKET (HALF SECTION)
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 31 AS/NZS 1477:2006

APPENDIX A
MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD
(Normative)

A1 SCOPE
This Appendix sets out two means by which compliance with this Standard will be
demonstrated by a manufacturer.
(a) The use of a product certification scheme.
(b) The use of a minimum sampling and testing frequency plan.

A2 RELEVANCE
The long-term performance of pipeline systems is critical to the operating efficiency of
water agencies in terms of operating licences and customer contracts. The long-term
performance of plumbing systems is similarly critical to the durability of building
infrastructure, protection of public health and safety and protection of the environment.

A3 PRODUCT CERTIFICATION
The purpose of product certification is to provide independent assurance of the claim by the
manufacturer that products comply with this Standard.
The certification scheme shall meet the criteria described in SA HB18.28/SANZ HB18.28
(ISO/IEC Guide 28) in that, as well as full type testing from independently sampled
production and subsequent verification of conformance, it requires the manufacturer to
maintain effective planning to control production.
The certification scheme serves to indicate that the products consistently conform to the
requirements of this Standard.
Product certification shall be conducted by a certification body accredited by the Joint
Accreditation System for Australia and New Zealand (JAZ-ANZ) or by another
accreditation body that is acceptable to JAS-ANZ.
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The frequency of the sampling and testing plan as detailed in Paragraph A4 shall be used by
the certifying body for product compliance auditing. However, where the manufacturer can
demonstrate adequate process control to the certifying body, the frequency of sampling and
testing nominated in the manufacturer’s quality plan and/or documented procedures shall
take precedence for the purpose of product certification.

A4 MINIMUM SAMPLING AND TESTING FREQUENCY PLAN

A4.1 General
Table A1 sets out the minimum sampling and testing frequency plan for a manufacturer to
demonstrate compliance of product(s) to this Standard.
A4.2 Retesting
In the event of a test failure, the products manufactured since the previous test(s)
conforming to the requirements outlined in Table A1 shall be quarantined as a batch. A
further set of samples shall be selected randomly from the quarantined batch using a
sampling plan to AS 1199.1 for an acceptable quality level (AQL) of 2.5 and an inspection
level of S3, unless otherwise specified. If the retest requirements are met, the batch may be
released and compliance with this Standard for the quarantined batch may be claimed.

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 AS/NZS 1477:2006 32

Should a failure on retesting occur, then the quarantined batch shall be rejected and claims
and/or marking indicating compliance to this Standard shall be suspended until the cause of
the failure has been identified and corrected.
A4.3 Rejection after retest
In the event of a quarantined batch being rejected after retesting in accordance with the
procedures set out in Paragraph A4.2, it may be subjected to 100% testing for the failed
requirement(s), and only those items found to comply may be claimed and/or marked as
complying with this Standard.
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 33 AS/NZS 1477:2006

TABLE A1
MINIMUM SAMPLING AND TESTING FREQUENCY PLAN
Characteristics Clause Requirement Test Method Frequency
TYPE TESTS (TT) PIPES
2.2 Composition Process control Any new formulation
2.6 Elastomeric seal AS 1646 series Any new formulation
Any new formulation or
Material property 3.2.1 Effect on water AS/NZS 4020 once every 5 years
whichever occurs first
Vinyl chloride
3.2.2 AS/NZS 1462.15 At any change in PVC
monomer
Long-term
3.3.1 AS/NZS 1462.6 Any new formulation
hydrostatic pressure
Performance
3.5.1 Joint hydrostatic test AS 1462.17 At change in joint design
3.5.2 Joint infiltration AS/NZS 1462.8 Any change in design
PROCESS VERIFICATION TEST (PVT)
To manufacturer’s
sampling plan. Samples
to be evenly selected
from all pressure groups
Internal pressure at
Performance 3.3.1 AS/NZS 1462.6 in such a way that units
elevated temperature
of each DN produced are
tested regularly and
continuously but at least
once every 3 years
BATCH RELEASE TEST (BRT) PIPES
Material property 2.4 Colour Visual inspection Once per hour
Freedom from Once per production
2.5 Freedom from defects Visual inspection
defects shift
Impact characteristics Once per production
3.3.2 AS/NZS 1462.3
at 20°C shift
3.3.3 Reversion AS/NZS 1462.4 Beginning of run
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Once per production

3.3.4 High temperature test AS/NZS 1462.16
Performance shift
Once per production
3.3.5 Fracture toughness AS/NZS 1462.19
shift
Resistance to internal Once per production
3.3.6 AS/NZS 1462.6
pressure at 20°C shift
Diameter and wall
4.2 AS/NZS 1462.1 Once per hour
thickness
4.3 Length AS/NZS 1462.1 Once per size set up
Dimensions Sockets formed on Once per production
4.5 AS/NZS 1462.1*
pipe ends shift
4.6 Marking Visual inspection Once per 4 h
6.3 Witness mark AS/NZS 1462.1 Once per 8 h
(continued)

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TABLE A1 (continued)

Characteristics Clause Requirement Test Method Frequency

TYPE TEST (TT) FITTINGS
2.2 Composition Process control Any new formulation
2.6 Elastomeric seal AS 1646 series Any new formulation
Any new formulation or
Material property 3.2.1 Effect on water AS/NZS 4020 once every 5 years which
ever occurs
Vinyl chloride
3.2.2 AS/NZS 1462.15 At any change in PVC
monomer
Long-term tensile AS/NZS 1462.20 or
3.4.1 Any new formulation
stress AS/NZS 1462.6
Thread tightening
Performance 3.4.2 AS 2888.1 At change in design
torque
3.5.1 Joint hydrostatic test AS/NZS 1462.17 At change in joint design
3.5.2 Joint infiltration AS/NZS 1462.8 At change in joint design
BATCH RELEASE TEST (BRT) MOULDED FITTINGS
Freedom from
2.5 Freedom from defects Visual inspection One per cavity per hour
defects
Short-term One per cavity per
3.4.3 AS 1462.9
hydrostatic pressure production shift
Performance
High temperature
3.4.4 AS/NZS 1462.11 One per cavity per 2 h
stress relief
5.2 Dimensions AS/NZS 1462.1* One per cavity per hour
Dimensions
5.3 Wall thickness AS/NZS 1462.1 One per cavity per run
* Test by attributes (e.g., go and no-go gauges).

A5 NEW FORMULATION
A change in material/compound formulation occurs when the dosage level of ingredients
exceeds the tolerances given in the Table A2.
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TABLE A2
DOSAGE LEVEL FOR MATERIAL/COMPOUND FORMULATION
Value X and tolerance
Materials/Ingredients Type
band
PVC resin 100 parts K-value X 1, ±2%
Stabilizers Pb, Ca-Zn, Sn, others X 2, ±40%
Total quantity of other CaCO3, pigments, etc. φ X i , ±50%
additives
NOTE: The values of X shall be specified by the manufacturer’s quality plan. If any
level exceeds the dosage band or if a type is changed, this variation in formulation
constitutes a change in material/compound and the relevant characteristics in
Table A1 shall be retested. A change in the supplier of a material or within a type of
stabilizer does not necessarily constitute a change in formulation. A change in the
chemical nature of the stabilizer, e.g., from Pb to Ca-Zn, shall constitute a change in
formulation.

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35

NOTES
AS/NZS 1477:2006
 AS/NZS 1477:2006 36

NOTES
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