Zirconia: zirconium dioxide (inorganic ceramic of zirconia metal) Transformation toughening: t-phase changes to m-phase (local ZrO2 molecules expand) if there is a crack (energy) thus stopping crack propagation Yttria stabilized tetragonal (y-tpz) -> translucent but cannot compete w emax More yttria --> more translucency --> less flexural strength i.e. 500-800MPa vs 1200-1300MPa conventional BU Ne Taleo) MMe elr-1s Ra cn aus ony Multi Zirconia5Y zirc does not have transformation toughening like 3Y, 4Y has a little of that property Beware Ni ! Translucency of 44% is quoted as up to 1300 MPa BS ie eee in ory Be Ee ee enn or) aensireions (gman Deer en Rie eset eto) and eMax has Translucency that varies with ingot (HT, MO, LT, Mult) Resin bonded bridges - use 3YElements of Design 2.5mm Width CR (tec ate) ery reel me seme Meee Ree cece) Elements of Design The paper that validated my approach Bonding to oxide ceramics - Laboratory testing versus clinical outcome Literature Review - 10 Clincal trials of resin bonded Zr Bridges: De re Ee ae RR eee Re eco coating, silane application and using a MDP containing luting resin. nde Dee ee at) be really embedded into the hard zirconia surface and so the not firmly attached silica layer seems to be the weak link when bonding to silica coated zirconia ceramic.Sandblasting (50micron alumina) and MDP effectively helps zirc bonding. Initiates phase transforma T to M phase. Ru RPA Be Perel Re un oe) eR UU Phen cel} ee el eel ROC Ae aay Tooth blasted with 27m Aluminium Oxide (Rondofiex) Bee Ele Re et eK UE ea) Etch and rinse adhesive applied (4th Generation - Optibond FL) Pee Cen eee ne Ua Cea ese} a eee) Don't LC bond, seat the crown first and LC everything together After try-in, sandblast to clean or use ivoclean cleaning paste to remove the phosphates from q saliva 4. You have apply a dentine boncing agart to the lel contamination Cea Eee) (would not use a self-etch system, unless pre-etching enamel first) | Other primers - kerr optibond universal etcUse fine grit diamond (red band) with water spray best to remove monolithic zirc crowns. Don't use tungsten carbide too. Can use coarse grit (black/blue) for feldspathic layer Zirc onlay design - Sweeping, curved surfaces - No sharp internal line angles - If alot of thickness available then can consider monolithic emax (preferably at least 2mm)