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1 The photograph is of a lobster, which is an arthropod.

The scientific name of the arthropod in the photograph is Homarus americanus.

State the genus name.

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[Total: 1]
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2 Johnson grass, Sorghum halepense, is wind-pollinated.

The photograph shows some Johnson grass flowers.

State the genus of Johnson grass.

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[Total: 1]
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3 The king cheetah is a rare variety of A. jubatus that has inherited striped fur markings.

The photographs shows a cheetah with spots and a king cheetah.

When the king cheetah was first discovered it was thought that it was a new species.

Pedigree diagrams of cheetahs proved it was not a new species.

Suggest one type of evidence, other than pedigree diagrams, that can be used to determine how
closely related organisms are.

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[Total: 1]
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4 The Galápagos Islands are a group of small islands in the Pacific Ocean.

In 1839 Charles Darwin published a book that described differences in a family of birds called
finches.

Each species of Galápagos finch had:

• a different diet

• a different beak shape, as shown in the diagram.

State the genus name for the Galápagos finches shown in the diagram.

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[Total: 1]

5 The binomial system of naming organisms tells us the species and the genus of the organism.

State the genus name for Chamaeleo calyptratus.

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[Total: 1]
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6 Define the term species.

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[Total: 2]

7 The photograph is of the myriapod, Apheloria virginiensis.

State the genus name and kingdom name for the myriapod shown in the photograph.

genus .......................................................................................................................................

kingdom ................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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8 Spiders are classified as arachnids. Arachnids are one of the main groups of arthropods.

The diagram shows six arthropods, four of which are arachnids.

The features shown in the diagram are morphological features. Many traditional methods of
classification used morphology.

State the name of one other type of feature that can also be used in classification.

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[Total: 1]
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9 The ant-mimic jumping spider, Myrmarachne formicaria, is shown in the diagram.

The common name of this species describes its behaviour. It is an arachnid that tricks its prey
because it looks like the insects that it eats.

State the genus of the spider shown in the diagram.

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[Total: 1]
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10 The Hawaiian happy-face spider, Theridion grallator, is found on several of the Hawaiian islands.
Some of the spiders have a very distinctive pattern on their bodies as shown in the photograph.

DNA can be extracted from the webs of spiders. This DNA can be used to identify the species of
spider that made the web, and the species of prey caught in the web.

Explain how DNA extracted from spider webs can be used to identify different species.

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[Total: 2]
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11 All commercial breeds of sheep belong to the species Ovis aries.

Define the term species.

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[Total: 2]

12 Define the term species.

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[Total: 2]
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13 The photograph shows some of the many different varieties of potato, Solanum tuberosum, that
are cultivated across the world for food.

All varieties of S. tuberosum are classified as the same species.

Define the term species.

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[Total: 2]
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14 A photograph of a lion is shown.

Lions are mammals and have the scientific name Panthera leo.

State the genus of this mammal.

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[Total: 1]

15 Food poisoning is caused by different types of bacteria.

A common type of bacterium that causes food poisoning is Campylobacter jejuni.

State the genus of this species.

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[Total: 1]

16 When a donkey is bred with a zebra, a zebronkey is produced. Zebronkeys are not fertile animals.

Which statement is correct?

A Donkeys and zebras belong to different species because their offspring are not fertile.
B Donkeys and zebras belong to different species because they do not look exactly the same.
C Donkeys and zebras belong to the same species because they look alike.
D Donkeys and zebras belong to the same species because they produce offspring.
[1]
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[Total: 1]

17 The table shows the scientific names of four members of the cat family.

common name scientific name

leopard Panthera pardus

lion Panthera leo
ocelot Leopardus pardalis
tiger Panthera tigris

Which statement is correct?

A All four cats are members of the same species.

B The leopard and the ocelot are members of the same genus.
C The leopard, lion and tiger are members of the same genus.
D The leopard, lion and tiger are members of the same species.
[1]

[Total: 1]

18 The diagram below shows four different animals.

not to scale
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(a) Classify each animal into its correct group choosing words from this list.

Write your answers in the ‘group’ column of the table below.

amphibian bird fish insect mammal mollusc reptile

One example has been completed for you.

group feature 1 feature 2

A amphibian has a backbone has slimy skin

[1]

(b) Using phrases from the list, complete the table above by adding two features of each animal
group, as shown for amphibians.

You may use each feature once, more than once or not at all.

has no backbone has a backbone has feathers has fur

has gills has scaly skin has slimy skin has a shell

has 8 legs has 6 legs

[3]

[Total: 4]

19 The diagram below shows the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.

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(a) State the genus of this nematode.

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(b) Nematodes feed on dead and decaying material.

Explain why this gives nematodes an important role in ecosystems.

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[Total: 4]