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SUPPLEMENTARY EXAM, SEM 1, 2022

SUBJECT AND LEVEL ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION III (S4)

SAPSE CODE ELDI202

DATE 18th JULY, 2022

VENUE SEME HALL NUMBER OF PAGES (including the front

12
page)
TIME 09H00-12H00 DURATION 3 HOURS

FULL MARKS 100 TOTAL MARKS 100

EXAMINER DR. B.P. NUMBI

MODERATOR Dr M KABEYA

FACULTY ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE DIPLOMA:ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

1. Answer directly on the question paper.

2. All answers without units will be penalized, 100%.
INSTRUCTIONS 3. Draw rough sketches to illustrate your answer as appropriate.
4. Use blank and/or blue ink in your answers and diagrams; pencil is not
acceptable.

DO NOT TURN OVER UNTIL PERMISSION IS GIVEN

MARKS (For Examiners and Moderator use ONLY)

1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL DATE Signature
EXAMINER
MODERATOR

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QUESTION 1 (Marks: 22)

1.1 Explain all main steps involved in the operation of a coal power plant. [8]

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1.2 Describe the main disadvantage of renewable energy-based power plants, such as solar and wind,
compared to conventional power plants, such as hydro power plant, coal power plant, nuclear power
plant and diesel power plant. Also suggest one way or technique to minimize this disadvantage. [4]

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1.3 Give and explain FOUR criteria you would take into account when selecting a site for the installation of
hydroelectric power plants. [4]

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1.4 When designing an overhead transmission line, would you use a big or small value of sag? Motivate your
answer. [6]

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QUESTION 2 (Marks: 34)

2.1 A string of 7 suspension insulator discs is used in an overhead transmission line. It is assumed that the
self-capacitance of each disc is 8 times the pin to earth capacitance. Calculate the voltage across each
of the 7 discs as a percentage of the total voltage across the string. [22]
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2.2 Table below shows load profile data of a commercial building in Durban.

Time 0-5 5-7 7-9 9 - 12 12 - 15 15 - 17 17 - 21 21-24

(hours)

Load (kW) 100 150 200 550 600 650 400 150

a) Plot the daily load profile of this building. [4]

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b) Determine the weekly energy consumption if the load profile is assumed to be the same throughout the
week. [3]
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c) Determine the average daily load. [3]
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d) Calculate the weekly energy cost if the unit energy cost is R 2.4/kWh (VAT inclusive) [2]
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QUESTION 3 (Marks: 25)

A 3-phase, 50 Hz overhead power transmission line, 105 km long, 70 kV line-to-line voltage at the receiving
end has a resistance per km per phase of 0.18 Ω, an inductance per km per phase of 1.21 mH and a
capacitance per km per phase = 0.01 μF. The power line supplies a load of 60 MW at 0.88 power factor
lagging as per circuit shown in below.

Answer the following questions:

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3.1 Calculate the A, B, C, and D parameters of the transmission line. [4]
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3.2 Determine the receiving-end current. [4]
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3.3 Determine the sending-end phase voltage. [2]
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3.4 Determine the sending-end current. [2]
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3.5 Determine the sending-end complex power. [2]

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3.6 Determine the sending-end apparent power. [2]
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3.7 Determine the sending-end power factor. [2]
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3.8 Determine the transmission line efficiency. [3]

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3.9 Calculate the voltage regulation in %. [4]
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QUESTION 4 (Marks: 19)

4.1 In a hydroelectric power plant project, it is found that the elevation difference between the free surfaces
upstream and downstream of the dam is 110 m, and water is supplied to the turbine at a rate of 120 kg/s.
If the penstock efficiency is 93.1%, hydraulic efficiency is 79.2%, turbine efficiency if 85.1% and generator
efficiency is 94% , calculate:

a) The power loss in the penstock, in %. [2]

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b) The mechanical power, in kW. [4]

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c) The annual energy (in MWh) produced by the plant. [3]

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4.2 A 75 MW coal power plant operating at 80% of its full capacity, uses coal with a calorific value
6800 kcal/kg. The boiler efficiency is 50%, the thermal efficiency is 35%, the turbine efficiency is 70%
and the generator efficiency is 93%. Calculate:

a) The amount of coal burnt within three days. [6]

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b) The total power loss of the power plant, in MW. [4]

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FORMULA SHEET

VS  1 Z  VR    YZ  
 I   0 1   I    1  Z  V 
 S   R VS    2   R
I   
 S  Y 1  YZ  1  YZ    I R 
    
  4   2 

 cosh  l Z c sinh  l 
Vs   1  VR 
I  
 s  sinh  l cosh  l   
 IR 

 c
Z 


VS  AVR  BI R
I S  CVR  DI R
 Short transmission lines: Lengths up to 80 km.
 Medium transmission lines: Lengths between 80 and 250 km.
 Long transmission lines: Lengths above 250 km.

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