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Lesson 22 Merz Price Differential Protection for Transformer
Lesson 22 Merz Price Differential Protection for Transformer
1
Merz
Price differential protection for Transformer
The two ends of the transformer both primary and secondary are
connected with the current transformer. The output of the current
transformer is given as shown in the figure.
In that, the relay operating coil A, B, and C are connected with respect
to each phase and the CT neutral terminal. Here the vector sum of the
current of each phase is equal to zero, hence the net current through
the relay operating coils A, B and C is zero.
2
CT ratio:
For percentage differential protection or normal differential protection,
the Current transformer ratio in the primary and secondary winding
should be the same.
Another method, that you can compensate for the difference in the
magnitude of currents in the primary and secondary power
transformer by matching their turns ratio of the low voltage winding.
Hence the CT ratio becomes 200. For that, you have to use 2000/1
CT on the secondary side to match the magnitude of the current.
3
If you follow the above two, the secondary of the two CTs will carry
equal currents under normal load conditions. Consequently, no
differential current will flow through the relay and it remains
inoperative.
Please refer to the table that you can help you for various type of
transformer connection and their respective CT connection.
4
Tappings of the transformer:
If you increase the voltage level, the current becomes reduced, and
vice versa. This tapping creates an unequal current in the CT
secondary. Therefore, the relay starts malfunctioning.
Which would be far away from the control panel. To connect and bring
the Current transformer’s output from the switchyard, the cables are
used.
These cables are called pilot wires. Change in the length of the pilot
wire, which affects the performance of the relay.
While applying the circulating current principle for protecting the power
transformer or distribution transformer we should fulfill the above 5
conditions avoid inadvertent relay operation.
Example:
6
Solution: