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Class 12 - Physics
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Test 02

Question No. 1 to 5 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
The potential at any observation point P of a static electric field is defined as the work done by the external agent (or negative of
work done by electrostatic field) in slowly bringing a unit positive point charge from infinity to the observation point. Figure
shows the potential variation along the line of charges. Two point charges Q1 and Q2 lie along a line at a distance from each
other.

1. At which of the points 1, 2 and 3 is the electric field is zero?

a. both 1 and 2
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
2. The signs of charges Q1 and Q2 respectively are
a. negative and positive
b. positive and positive
c. positive and negative
d. negative and negative
3. Which of the two charges Q1 and Q2 is greater in magnitude?
a. Q2
b. Q1
c. Same
d. Can't determined
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4. Which of the following statement is not true?
i. Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
ii. Potential energy of charge q at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from any point to
infinity.
iii. When two like charges lie infinite distance apart, their potential energy is zero.
iv. Both (i) and (ii)
a. Option (ii)
b. Option (iv)
c. Option (i)
d. Option (iii)

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5. Positive and negative point charges of equal magnitude are kept at (0, 0, a

2
) and (0, 0, −a

2
) respectively. The work done
by the electric field when another positive point charge is moved from (-a, 0, 0) to (0, a, 0) is
a. negative
b. positve
c. zero
d. depends on the path connecting the initial and final positions
6. In the circuit given below, the charge in μ C, on the capacitor having capacitance 5 μ F is:

a. 7
b. 4.5
c. 9
d. 12
7. Assertion: When charges are shared between any two bodies by conduction, no charge is really lost but some loss of
energy does occurs.
Reason: Some energy disappears in the form of heat, sparking etc.
a. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements.
c. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false.
d. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
8. Assertion (A): Two concentric charged shells are given. The potential difference between the shells depends on charge
of inner shell.
Reason (R): Potential due to charge of outer shell remains same at every point inside the sphere.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
9. Assertion (A): A metallic shield in form of a hollow shell may be built to block an electric field.
Reason (R): In a hollow spherical shield, the electric field inside it is zero at every point.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
10. State True or False:
i. Electric potential of earth is taken to be zero because earth is a good conductor.
a. True
b. False
ii. As radius of the earth is very large, so the potential on the earth can be taken equal to zero.

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a. True
b. False
11. Fill in the blanks:
a. The potential at a point, due to a positive charge of 100μ F at a distance of 9 m, is ________.
b. When a dielectric material is introduced between the plates of a charged condenser, then the electric field between the
plates will ________.
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12. Match the following:
(a) common potential (i) inversely proportional to distance between plates
(b) energy of capacitor (ii) potential acquired when two capacitors are connected

(c) capacity of parallel plate capacitor (iii) capacity increases

(d) capacity of capacitor with dielectric material (iv) energy stored in capacitor plates
13. Why does a configuration of charges possess potential energy?
14. In a certain 0.1 m3 of space, an electric potential is found to be 5V throughout. What is the electric field in this region?
15. A test charge q is moved without acceleration from A to C along the path from A to B and then from B to C in electric
field E as Fig.
i. Calculate the potential difference between A and C.
ii. At which point (of the two) is the electric potential more and why?

16. Prove that the total energy stored in a series combination of capacitors is equal to the sum of energies stored in the
individual capacitors.
17. The following data was obtained for the dependence of the magnitude of an electric field with distance from a reference
point O, within the charge distribution in the shaded region shown in the figure.

Field Point A B C A' B' C'

Magnitude of electric field E E/8 E/27 E/2 E/16 E/64

i. Identify the charge distribution and justify your answer.
ii. If the potential due to this charge distribution has a value V at the point A, what is its value at the point A'?
18. Two parallel metal plates P and Q are inserted at equal distances into a plane capacitor as shown in fig. Plates A and B of
the capacitor are connected to a battery of e.m.f. V.

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a. What are the potentials of the four plates?

b. How will the potentials of plates P and Q and the intensities of the fields in each of the three spaces change after
plates P and Q have been connected by a wire?
c. What will happen to the charges on plates A and B, when plates P and Q are connected with a wire?
d. Will there be charges on the plates P and Q after connecting them with a wire?

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Class 12 - Physics
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Test 02

Solution

1. (d) 3
−dV
Explanation: As dr
= Er, the negative of the slop of V versus r curve represents the component of electric field along
r. Slope of curve is zero only at point 3. Therefore, the electric field vector is zero at point 3.
2. (c) positive and negative
Explanation: Near positive charge, net potential is positive and near a negative charge, net potential is negative. Thus,
charge Q1 is positive and Q2 is negative.
3. (b) Q1
Explanation: From the figure, it can be seen that net potential due to two charges is positive everywhere in the region
left to charge Q1. Therefore the magnitude of potential due to charge Q1 is greater than due to Q2.
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4. (a) Option (ii)
Explanation: Option (ii)
5. (c) zero
Explanation: It can be seen that potential at the points both A and B are zero. When the charge is moved from A to B,
work done by the electric field on the charge will be zero.

6. (c) 9
Explanation: The potential difference across the branch de is 6 V.
The net capacitance of de branch is 2.1 μ F
So, q = CV = 2.1 × 6 μ C = 12.6 μ C
Potential across 2 and 5 combination in parallel is
6 - 4.2 = 1.8 V
So, q = (1.8) (5) = 9 μ C
7. (c) If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false.
Explanation: If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false.
8. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
10. State True or False:
i. (a) True
ii. (a) True

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11. Fill in the blanks:
a. 105 V
b. Decrease
12. (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
13. Work was done in putting the charges at their present locations which get stored in the configuration as its potential
energy.
14. Now, E = - dV

dr

As electric potential is 5 V throughout i.e. constant, electric field in the region will be zero.
VC −VA VC −VA
15. i. E = −
dV

dx
= −
2−6
=
4

or VC - VA = 4E
⇒ VC > VA
ii. The direction of the electric field is in the direction of decreasing potential, so VC > VA.
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16. Suppose that three capacitors of capacitances C1, C2 and C3 are connected in series to a battery. The equivalent
capacitance of the series combination is given by
1 1 1 1
= + +
C C1 C2 C3

Further, when a series combination of the capacitors is charged through a battery, the charge on the left plate of each
capacitor is q, while the induced charges -q and +q are produced on the right plate of each capacitor. Thus, the net charge
stored in the series combination is just q. Therefore, the total energy stored in the series combination,
2

q2 (
q
U= 1

2 C
=
1

2 C1
1
+
1

C2
+
1

C3
)

2 2 2
q q q
=
1 1 1
+ +
2 C1 2 C2 2 C3

or U = U1 + U2 + U3
Thus, the total energy stored in a series combination of the capacitors is equal to the sum of the energies stored in the
individual capacitors.
17. i. The charge distribution in the shaded region is an electric dipole.
It is because, the electric field at points A, B and C varies inversely as the cube of their distances from the centre of
the charge distribution. The electric field varies in this manner (E ∝ 1/r3) due to an electric dipole. Further, if the
points A, B and C lie on the axial line of the electric dipole, then the points A', B' and C' lie on its equatorial line and
electric fields at these points is exactly half of those at the corresponding points A, B, and C on the axial line.
ii. The electric potential at the point A' is zero. It is because the electric potential at a point on the equatorial line of an
electric dipole is zero.
18. a. The plates P and Q divide the space between the plates A and B in three equal parts. Since V = Ed, the potentials of
the plates A, P, Q, and B will be respectively V, 2V/3, V/3 and 0.
b. When the plates P and Q are connected with a wire, the space between the plates A and B gets divided into two equal
parts. Hence, the potentials of plates A, P, Q, and B will be respectively V, V/2, V/2 and 0.
Since the potential difference between the plates A and P; and between the plates, Q and B have increased from V/3
to V/2, the electric field between these plates will increase. As the potential difference the plates P and Q is zero, the
electric field will also be zero.
c. Since the potential difference between the plates A and P and between the plates Q and B have increased, the charge
on the plates A and B will increase.
d. Yes, the plate P will have a positive charge and the plate Q will have a negative charge.

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