BATCH CODE – 13-LJ101WA

2024

• SubjectSubject Name- NMaths

• Chapter Name-Determinant

Lecture No. -2 By Ankur Saini

 Properties of Determinant

Addition of Two Determinants:

If each element of any row (or column) can be expressed as a sum of two terms then
the determinant can be expressed as the sum of two determinants. e.g.
a1 + x b1 + y c1 + z a1 b1 c1 x y z
a2 b2 c2 = a2 b2 c2 + a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3
a1 + 𝛼1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 𝛼1 b1 c1
a2 + 𝛼2 b2 c2 = a2 b2 c2 + 𝛼2 b2 c2
a3 + 𝛼3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3 𝛼3 b3 c3
 Properties of Determinant

Expand by first column.

Proof:
L. H. S.
= a1 + 𝛼1 b2 c3 − b3 c2 − a2 + 𝛼2 b1 c3 − b3 c1 + a3 + 𝛼3 b1 c2 − b2 c1
= ሾ 𝑎1 𝑏2 𝑐3 − 𝑏3 𝑐2 − 𝑎2 𝑏1 𝑐3 − 𝑏3 𝑐1 + 𝑎3 𝑏1 𝑐2 − 𝑏2 𝑐1
+ሾ 𝛼1 𝑏2 c3 − b3 c2 − 𝛼2 b1 c2 − b3 c1 + 𝛼3 b1 c2 − b2 c1
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 𝛼1 𝑏1 𝑐1
= 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2 + 𝛼2 𝑏2 𝑐2
𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3 𝛼3 𝑏3 𝑐3
= R.H.S.
Question

x y z
Show that: 2x+2a 2y+2b 2z+2c =0
a b c
 Properties of Determinant

The value of a determinant is not altered by adding to the elements of any row (or
column) the same multiples of the corresponding elements of any other row (or
column).
a1 b1 c1 a1 + ma2 b1 +mb2 c1 + mc2
Let D = a2 b2 c2 and D′ = a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3 a3 + na1 b3 +nb1 c3 + nc1
Note: that while applying this property atleast one row (or column) must remain
unchanged.
 Properties of Determinant

Note: Value of Determinant remains unchanged by following operations.

𝑅𝑖 ⎯→ 𝑅𝑖 +  𝑅𝑗 +  𝑅𝑘 and 𝐶𝑖 ⎯→ 𝐶𝑖 +  𝐶𝑗 +  𝐶𝑘
 Properties of Determinant

Important Note:
Important Point while applying operations:
1. At – a – time: Atleast one Row (or Column) remains unchanged
2. At – a – time: At a time you can change Only Rows or only Columns, Not possible
both at a time.
 Properties of Determinant

Practice Problem:
List of “at a time” operations for a 3 × 3 Determinant, check for valid/invalid:
➢ 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 – 3𝑅2
➢ 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 – x2𝑅3 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑅1
➢ 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 – 𝑅2 + 5𝑅3
➢ 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 + 3𝑅3
➢ 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 – 𝑅2 + 5𝑅3
➢ 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 + 3𝑅1
➢ 𝐶1 → 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
➢ 𝐶2 → 𝐶2 + 𝐶1
 Properties of Determinant

Practice Problem:
➢ 𝑅1 → 𝑅2 + 3𝑅3
➢ 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 – 3𝑅2 + 𝑅3
➢ 𝐶 1 → 𝐶 1 + 𝐶 2 – 5𝐶 3
➢ 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 + 8
➢ 𝐶 2 → 𝐶 22
➢ 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 R1
➢ 𝐶 1 → 𝐶 1 + 2𝐶 2
➢ 𝐶2 → 𝐶2 + 𝐶3
➢ 𝐶 3 → 𝐶 3 – 8𝐶 1 + 2𝐶 2
➢ R1 → 𝑅1 + 2𝐶 2 – 𝐶 3
➢ C1 → 3𝐶 1 + 2𝐶 2 – 𝐶 3
 Properties of Determinant

Important Note:
If you apply any operation like: then remember value of determinant becomes ‘t’
times, so to compensate divide by ‘t’.
Example: R1 → 2R1 – R2 + 3R3
2 −1 3 −3 4 17
1
= 1 0 4 =2 1 0 4 =3
−2 2 5 −2 2 5
Question

1 𝑏𝑐 𝑎(𝑏 + 𝑐)
The value of the determinant 1 𝑐𝑎 𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐) doesn’t depend on
1 𝑎𝑏 𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑏)

A a

B b

C c

D a+b+c
Question

𝑎 𝑥 + 𝑎−𝑥 2
𝑎 𝑥 − 𝑎−𝑥 2
1
𝑏 𝑥 + 𝑏 −𝑥 2
𝑏 𝑥 − 𝑏 −𝑥 2
1 is equal to
𝑐 𝑥 + 𝑐 −𝑥 2
𝑐 𝑥 − 𝑐 −𝑥 2
1

A 0

B 2abc

C a2b2c2

D abc
Question

𝑥+𝑦 𝑦+𝑧 𝑧+𝑥 𝑥 𝑧 𝑦

If 𝑦 + 𝑧 𝑧+𝑥 𝑥+𝑦 =𝑘 𝑦 𝑥 𝑧 , then k is equal to
𝑧+𝑥 𝑥+𝑦 𝑦+𝑧 𝑧 𝑦 𝑥

A 2

B –2

C 3

D –3
Question

cosec 2 𝜃 cot 2 𝜃 1
Without expanding, show that Δ = cot 2 𝜃 cosec 2 𝜃 −1 = 0
42 40 2
[NCERT]
Question

𝑎−𝑏−𝑐 2𝑎 2𝑎
Show that 2𝑏 𝑏−𝑐−𝑎 2𝑏 = (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)3
2𝑐 2𝑐 𝑐−𝑎−𝑏
[NCERT]
Question

𝑦 2𝑧2 𝑦𝑧 𝑦+𝑧
Prove that 𝑧 2 𝑥 2 𝑧𝑥 𝑧+𝑥 =0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
[NCERT]
Question

𝑎2 + 1 𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑐
Show that 𝑎𝑏 𝑏2 + 1 𝑏𝑐 = 1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2
𝑐𝑎 𝑐𝑏 𝑐2 + 1
[NCERT]
Question

0 𝑎𝑏 2 𝑎𝑐 2
If 𝑎2 𝑏 0 𝑏𝑐 2 = 2𝑎𝑝 𝑏 𝑞 𝑐 𝑟 , then 10 + p + q + r is equal to
𝑎2 𝑐 𝑐𝑏 2 0

A 16

B 13

C 19

D 10
Question

𝑥+𝑦 𝑦+𝑧 𝑧+𝑥

Without expanding, prove that Δ = 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 =0
1 1 1
[NCERT]
Question

𝑝 𝑏 𝑐
If a  p, b  q, c  r and 𝑎 𝑞 𝑐 = 0. Then, find the value of:
𝑎 𝑏 𝑟
𝑝 𝑞 𝑟
+ +
𝑝−𝑎 𝑞−𝑏 𝑟−𝑐
Question

If A, B and C are angles of a triangle, then the determinant

−1 cos C cos B
cos C −1 cos A is equal to
cos B cos A −1

A 0

B –1

C 1

D None of these
Question

𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 𝑎2 𝑎2
𝑏2 𝑐 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏2 =
𝑐2 𝑐2 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

A abc

B 4abc

C 4a2b2c2

D a2b2c2
Question

𝑠+𝑐 𝑎 𝑏
If s = (a + b + c), then value of 𝑐 𝑠+𝑎 𝑏 is
𝑐 𝑎 𝑠+𝑏

A 2s2

B 2s3

C s3

D 3s3
Question

1 𝑥 𝑥+1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 + 1)𝑥 , f(100) is equal to:
3𝑥(𝑥 − 1) 𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2) (𝑥 + 1)𝑥(𝑥 − 1)

A 0

B 1

C 100

D –100
Question

𝑎 𝑏 𝑎𝛼 + 𝑏
If 𝑏 𝑐 𝑏𝛼 + 𝑐 = 0 then
𝑎𝛼 + 𝑏 𝑏𝛼 + 𝑐 0
(more than one options may be correct)

A a, b, c are in A.P.

B a, b, c are in G.P.

C α is a root of ax2 + 2bx + c = 0

D (x – α) is a factor of ax2 + 2bx + c = 0

Question

1
− 25 + 1 2
210 − 1 25 −1
1
The value of determinant 210 − 1 − 25 − 1 2
25 +1
is
1 1 1
25 −1 25 +1 − 210 −1 2
A 0

B 1

C 2

D 4
Question

Prove that for all values of 𝜃

sin𝜃 cos𝜃 sin2𝜃

2𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 + sin 2𝜃 +
3 3 3 =0
2𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 + sin 2𝜃 +
3 3 3
Question

If a > 0, b > 0, c > 0 are respectively the pth, qth, rth terms of a G.P., then
log 𝑎 𝑝 1
the value of the determinant log 𝑏 𝑞 1 is
log 𝑐 𝑟 1
A 1

B –1

𝑎𝑏𝑐
C
𝑝𝑞𝑟

D 0
Question

Let  and  be the roots of the equation x2 + x + 1 = 0. Then for y  0 in R,

𝑦+1 𝛼 𝛽
𝛼 𝑦+𝛽 1 is equal to
𝛽 1 𝑦+𝛼

A y(y2 – 1)

B y3 – 1

C y (y2 – 3)

D y3
Question

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2𝑧 𝑥 𝑦
𝑧 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 2𝑥 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧)3
𝑧 𝑥 𝑧 + 𝑥 + 2𝑦
[NCERT]
Question

23 66 11
Prove that 36 55 26 = 0
63 143 37
Question

Let the three digit numbers A28 , 3B9 and 6C2 when A, B, C are integer
between 0 and 9, be divisible by a fixed integer K, show that the
𝐴 3 6
determinant 8 9 𝐶 is also divisible by the same integer K.
2 𝐵 2
Question

Show that the value of the determinant

tan(𝐴 + 𝑃) tan(𝐵 + 𝑃) tan(𝐶 + 𝑃)
tan(𝐴 + 𝑄) tan(𝐵 + 𝑄) tan(𝐶 + 𝑄)
tan(𝐴 + 𝑅) tan(𝐵 + 𝑅) tan(𝐶 + 𝑅)
vanishes for all values of A, B, C, P, Q & R where A + B + C + P + Q + R =
0
Question

𝑦+𝑧 𝑥−𝑧 𝑥−𝑦

If 𝑦 − 𝑧 𝑧+𝑥 𝑦 − 𝑥 = 𝑘𝑥𝑦𝑧, then the value of k is
𝑧−𝑦 𝑧−𝑥 𝑥+𝑦

A 2

B 4

C 6

D 8
Question
1 −1 1
If A= 0 2 −3 and B = ( adji A) and C = 5A, then the value of
2 1 0
|adjB|
is equal to:
|C|

A 25

B 2

C 1

D 5
Question

𝑎1 + 𝑏1 𝑥 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑐1
If 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑎𝑖 , 𝑏𝑖 , 𝑐𝑖 ∈ 𝑅 for 𝑖 = 1,2,3 and 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑐2 = 0, then
𝑎3 + 𝑏3 𝑥 𝑎3 𝑥 + 𝑏3 𝑐3
which of the following may be true?

A x=1
x = –1
B a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 c2 = 0
C a3 b3 c3
none of these
D
Question

𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3
If 𝑎𝑖 , 𝑖 = 1,2, … , 9 are perfect odd squares, then 𝑎4 𝑎5 𝑎6 is
𝑎7 𝑎8 𝑎9
always a multiple of :

A 4

B 7

C 16

D 64
 Question

cos (𝜃 + 𝛼) −sin (𝜃 + 𝛼) cos 2𝛼

The value of the determinant sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 sin 𝛼 is :
−cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 𝜆cos 𝛼

A independent of 𝜃 for all 𝜆 ∈ 𝑅

B independent of 𝜃 and 𝛼 when 𝜆 = 1

C independent of 𝜃 and 𝛼 when 𝜆 = −1

D independent of 𝜆 for all 𝜃

 Question
Which of the following values of 𝛼 satisfy the equation
(1 + 𝛼)2 (1 + 2𝛼)2 (1 + 3𝛼)2
(2 + 𝛼)2 (2 + 2𝛼)2 (2 + 3𝛼)2 = −648𝛼 ?
(3 + 𝛼)3 (3 + 2𝛼)2 (3 + 3𝛼)2

A –4

B 9

C –9

D 4
 Question

If 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 are roots of the equation 𝑥 2 (𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞) = 𝑟(𝑥 + 1), then the value
1+𝛼 1 1
of determinant 1 1+𝛽 1 is
1 1 1+𝛾

1 1 1
A 𝛼𝛽𝛾 1+𝛼+𝛽+𝛾
B

C D
0 None of these
Question
If 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎 ≤ 0∀𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑅 , then value of the
(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2)2 (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 1
determinant 1 (𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2)2 (𝑏 + 𝑐)2 equals :
(𝑐 + 𝑎)2 1 (𝑐 + 𝑎 + 2)2

A 65 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 31
B

C 4 a2 +b2 +c2 D 0
 Question

If ' 𝛼 ' is a root of 𝑥 4 = 1 with negative principal argument, then

1 1 1
𝑛 𝑛+1 𝑛+3
the principal argument of Δ(𝛼) = 1 𝛼 𝛼 𝛼
1
0
𝛼 𝑛+1 𝛼𝑛

5𝜋 3𝜋
A − 4
14 B

C 𝜋
D 𝜋
−
4 4
Question

𝑎 𝑙 𝑚 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑛2 𝑚𝑛 − 𝑙𝑐 𝑙n − 𝑏𝑚
If 𝑙 𝑏 𝑛 𝑚𝑛 − 𝑙𝑐 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑚2 𝑏𝑚 − 𝑎𝑛 = 64 , then the value of
𝑚 𝑛 𝑐 𝑙n − 𝑏𝑚 𝑙𝑚 − 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑙 2
2𝑎 + 3𝑙 3𝑙 + 5𝑚 5𝑚 + 4𝑎
2𝑙 + 3𝑏 3𝑏 + 5𝑛 5𝑛 + 4𝑙 equals:
2𝑚 + 3𝑛 3𝑛 + 5𝑐 5𝑐 + 4𝑚

A 120 B 240

C 360 D 480
 Question

4 0 0
If 𝐴 is a square matrix such that 𝐴. (𝐴𝑑𝑗𝐴) = 0 4 0 , then :
0 0 4

A |𝐴| = 4 B |𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴| = 16

|adj(adj 𝐴)|
C = 16 D |𝑎𝑑𝑗2𝐴| = 128
|adj 𝐴|
Question

If A is a square matrix of order 3such that |𝐴| = 2, then adj𝐴−1 −1

is
Question

0 𝑏 3 − 𝑎3 𝑐 3 − 𝑎3
The value of the determinant 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 0 𝑐 3 − 𝑏 3 , is
𝑎3 − 𝑐 3 𝑏3 − 𝑐 3 0

A a3 + b3 + c3

B a3 – b3 – c3

C 0

D –a3 + b3 + c3
 Properties of Determinant

By putting 𝑥 = 𝑎 , Determinant vanishes then (x – a) is called factor of Determinant.

Question

1 1 1
Using factor theorem , P. T. 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
Question

1 1 1
P. T. 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎)
𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3
Question

1 1 1
P. T. 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎) (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑏 + 𝑐)(𝑐 + 𝑎)
𝑎4 𝑏4 𝑐4
Question

1 1 1
P. T. 𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)Q
𝑎6 𝑏6 𝑐6
Where Q = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑎𝑏) (𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑏𝑐) (𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑐𝑎)
Summary