CSE 2018

19 January 2024 12:48

LS -leader of opp first recog in 1969

min 10% to be recog as LoP
Leaf modifications -desert area -to stop water loss Leaves can also be modified to provide support. For example, tendrils and
Stomata-evapotranspiration hooks are common modifications that help plants climb and provide
• Hard and waxy leaves support
• Tiny leaves
• Thorns

NSSO 70th round situation assesment survey RJ -highest percentage-78%>UP>MP

MoSPI 59th round -2003 OBC -45%
Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households , All India Debt SC -16%
and Investment & Land and Livestock Holdings in India (January'2013 - ST-13%
December'2013)
nomenclature `Farmer household' has been changed to `Agricultural Household'.

• NGT -ststutory 2010 CPCB-statutory,1974 under water pollution act 1981- clean streams,wells
• Not bound by code of civil procedure,1908 water polln act Act was last amended in 2003.
• Guided by principles of natural justice air pollution act,1981-air quality
• Delhi, bhopal,pune,kolkata,chennai
Ganga crosses five states of India namely Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and
West Bengal.-catchment area of 8,61,404 km2 (26.4%) length of 2,525 Kms Flowing through
major cities/towns like Srinagar, Rishikesh, Haridwar, Roorkee (in Uttarakhand), Bijnor, Narora,
Kannauj, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh), Patna, Bhagalpur (in Bihar) and
Beharampore, Serampore, Howrah and Kolkata (in West Bengal)

Hexavalent chromium
kodaikanal-mercury

The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in 1986 Act was last amended in 1991.
NOISE polln

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 NOISE polln
• An area comprising not less than 100 metres around hospitals, educational institutions and
courts may be declared as silence area / zone for the purpose of these rules.

• A loud speaker or a public address system shall not be used at night (between 10:00 p.m. to
6:00 a.m.) except in closed premises for communication within, e.g. auditoria, conference
rooms, community halls and banquet halls.
• permit use of loud speakers or public address systems during night hours (between 10.00 p.m. to
12.00 midnight) on or during any cultural or religious festive occasion of a limited duration not
exceeding fifteen days in all during a calendar year.
• Hazardous waste rules-1989
• Solid waste mngmt rules-2016
• Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 ,,2016
• Plastic rules 2016
• Ewaste 2016
• Construction demolition waste 2016
Parlia -9th schedule-validity of law placed in 9th sche can be examined by SC and hudgement can
be made on it
Merchant discount rate

1975, the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) -48 states

Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
1968, the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) granted non-nuclear-weapon states access to
nuclear materials and technology for strictly peaceful purposes.
1971, these supplier states formed the Zangger Committee -IAEA
used to pursue nuclear weapons—referred to as the "Trigger List."

Equilization levy 2016 in india--it’s a direct tax---introduced as legislation under finance bill Global min tax-on corporate income -OECD minimum tax of 15% on foreign profits of
cannot claim tax credit in their home country under the double taxation avoidance agreements. large multinationals,
2 per cent tax on non-resident e-commerce players with a turnover of Rs 2 crore.
includes any entity that systematically and continuously does business with more than 3 lakh
users in India.
2 conditions
• Payment to be made to non resident service provider
• Annual payment to one service provider exceeds Rs 1 lakh in 1FY
• Good and services sold on a foreign e-commerce platform are owned or provided
by an Indian resident or Indian permanent establishment, they will not be subject
to the two percent equalization levy.
• Indebtedess
• Aim to tax Buisness to buisness transaction

FRBM Review cmtee report Madatory for state to take CG consent to raise loans - former Revenue and Expenditure Secretary NK singh cmtee RBI Governor Urjit Patel, former
debt to GDP ratio should be 38.7% for the central government, 20% for the state governments Finance Secretary Arvind Subramanian, 2017 report
together by the FY 2022 – 23.
• By FY 2022 – 23, the fiscal deficit should be 2.5% of GDP.
• government could deviate -decline in real output growth of at least 3% below the average of the
previous four quarters.
• 15th Finance Commission should recommend the debt trajectory for each state

• both the monetary and fiscal policies must ensure macroeconomic stability
• to achieve the public debt target of 40% for the centre by 2023.
• central government should bring down the revenue deficit steadily by 0.25% of GDP every year,
to reach 0.8% by 2023 from the current value of 2.3% (2017).
Palm oil
triple palm oil production by 2030 from 24 million tonnes to 30 million tonnes
by 2030.
India’s import dependence on edible oils is expected to continue due to
rising consumption.
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Kerala, -98%
found in about 60% of all packaged products in supermarkets.

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• Crude palm oil:Comes from squeezing the fleshy fruit
• Palm kernel oil:
• EU Deforestation-Free Regulation (EUDR) related to palm oil production
regulation is not WTO (World Trade Organization) compatible and a non-tariff
barrier.
• Indonesia and Malaysia together account for almost 90%
• world’s most widely used vegetable oil
• palm oil makes up 40% of the global supply of the four most widely used
edible oils: palm, soybean, rapeseed (canola), and sunflower oil.
• India is the biggest importer of palm oil, which makes up 40% of its vegetable oil
consumption.
Lajpat rai wrote biographies of Mazzini,garibaldi,shivaji,shrikrishna,elected to central assembly
Aadhar -12 digit biometrics (10 finger prints, 2 iris prints and photo of face) and demographic data
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January
2009 ,meity
Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016

Aadhaar is the world's largest biometric ID system

World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer described Aadhaar as "the most sophisticated ID
programme in the world"
proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to
domicile in India.Aadhaar is not a valid identification document for Indians travelling
to Nepal and Bhutan.
its voluntary not mandatory
Aadhaar card is not mandatory for opening bank accounts, getting a mobile number, or being
admitted to a school.mobile SIM cards, bank accounts, registration of deaths, land registration,
vehicle registration, the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation, and a large number of welfare
schemes including but not limited to the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act,
the Public Distribution System, old age pensions and public health insurances
UIDAI data centre is located at the Industrial Model Township (IMT), Manesar ,HARYANA
Aral Sea (/ˈærəl/ ARR-əl) was an endorheic lake lying between Kazakhstan to its north and
Uzbekistan to its south which began shrinking in the 1960s and largely dried up by the 2010s.
Rule of Law Index -World Justice Project
NPCI links all banks in india Indian Banks' Association (IBA) 1946 unregistered, voluntary association of like-minded banks and
individuals in India MUMBAI initial membership of 22 banks 247 banking companies operating in
India
one chairman, 3 deputy chairmen, 1 honorary secretary and 26 members.
Rajkiran Rai was elected as the new Chairman of IBA
lacks statutory recognition or legal incorporation
including Public Sector Banks, Private Sector Banks, Foreign Banks, Urban Co-operative Banks, Asset
Reconstruction Companies, Credit Rating Companies, Credit Guarantee Funds, Financial Services
Companies, Credit Bureaus, and more.

NSDL - enactment of Depositories Act in August 1996 paved the way for establishment of
NSDL. the first electronic securities depository in India with national coverage At the end of 2023,
its demat accounts held assets worth ₹398 Lakh Crore ($4.7 trillion)
traded as BSE
Semi Government,
subsidiary of National Stock Exchange(NSE) (24% majority holdings)

NPCI-umbrella organisation for operating retail payments and settlement systems in India RBI ,IBA
initiative
Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007,“Not for Profit” Company under the provisions of
Section 25 of Companies Act 1956 ten core promoter banks are State Bank of India, Punjab
National Bank, Canara Bank, Bank of Baroda, Union Bank of India, Bank of India, ICICI Bank Limited,
HDFC Bank Limited, Citibank N. A. and HSBC.Shri Pranab Mukherjee RuPay is now a known name.

RuPay is an Indigenously developed Payment System –issuance of debit, credit and prepaid cards
by banks in India Contactless – offline and online

Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), India has become the leading country in the world in real time

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 Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), India has become the leading country in the world in real time
payments in retail sector.
National Automated Clearing House (NACH), an offline web based system

RBI decides
Open API
aadhar- Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is a statutory (MeitY).
The first UID number was issued on 29 September 2010 to a resident of Nandurbar, Maharashtra
The first UID number was issued on 29 September 2010 to a resident of Nandurbar, Maharashtra
Easily integrated into any electronic device
authentication using iris is possible

In yemen and south sudan=famine ,acute malnutri,war ethnic conflicts

Woods dispatch
Parliamentary cmtees-regulations ,rules,sub rules,by laws
cmtee on subordinate legislation

RTE act --NCTE laid down min qualifications

pass TET exam
90% TEI are private institutes
Chapcharkut festival-mizo
khongjom parba ballad-manipur
thangta -manipur
Food Safety and Standards Act (FSS) of 2006 (FSSA) National institute of nutrition-hyderabad
GAMA portal for concerns regarding misleading claims and ads

India is a signatory to the WTO-SPS Committee,

under the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC).[34] They can issue registrations to food business
operators
The Commissioner of Food Safety and Designated Officer have the authority to exercise the same
powers as Food Safety Officers.
FSSAI issues three types of license based on the nature of the food business and turnover:
• Registration: For Turnover less than ₹12 Lakh
• State License: For Turnover between ₹12 Lakh to ₹20 Crore
• Central License: For Turnover above ₹20 Crore
a pilot project Safe Food, Tasty Food
State Food Safety Index (SFSI), was developed in 2018 in collaboration with the FSSAI.
FSSAI consists of a chairperson & 22 members.
GI TAG -WTO Obligations

The non coal mines have to be auctioned by respective state govts

rajasthan-iron ore mines
andra gold mines in ananthapur
jharkhand -both alluvial -in banks of subarnarekha ,sonar nadi and native gold near lowa in
singhbum

BHIM developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) 2016

It was named after Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar.
supports all Indian banks which use UPI, which is built over the Immediate Payment Service (IMPS)
infrastructure and allows the user to instantly transfer money between 170 member banks of any
two parties.
can be used on all mobile devices
BHIM allows users to send or receive money to or from UPI payment addresses, or to non-UPI
based accounts (by scanning a QR code with account number and IFS code or MMID code)
BHIM app is only a mechanism which transfers money between different bank accounts
Transactions on BHIM are nearly instantaneous and can be done at any time, including weekends
and bank holidays.
RBI governor Shaktikanta Das officially launched on-device wallet called UPI Lite at Global Fintech
Fest 2022.
FASTag recharges, insurance payments, and EMI collections offline. Canara Bank, HDFC Bank, Indian
Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Punjab National Bank, State Bank of India, Union Bank of India and Utkarsh
Small Finance Bank enabled UPI Lite feature on BHIM

Currently, there is no charge for transactions from ₹1 to ₹100,000

2017 Indian banks have proposed transaction charges on UPI transactions,[13] but there is no
information on whether transactions through BHIM will also be charged
app supports 20 languages (including English),

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app supports 20 languages (including English),
will use an open source license model.

Bhutan became the first country to adopt the BHIM UPI for their digital transactions after the
approval of the Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan.

Longitude closest to delhi is blore

ILO conventions - legally binding international treaties that may be ratified by member states
Recommen- non-binding guidelines related to labour
Money bill

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