Bonding SL P1 2012 - 2019 [90

marks]

1. Which compound has the shortest C to O bond? [1 mark]

A. CH3CHO
B. CO
C. CO2
D. C2H5OC2H5

2. Which describes a resonance structure? [1 mark]

A. Double bond can be drawn in alternative positions.
B. Bonds vibrate by absorbing IR radiation.
C. A double and a single bond in the molecule
D. A Lewis structure

3. What is the structure and bonding in SiO2 (s)? [1 mark]

4. Which is correct for all solid ionic compounds? [1 mark]

A. High volatility
B. Poor electrical conductivity
C. Low melting point
D. Good solubility in water
5. Which species does not have resonance structures? [1 mark]
A. C6H6
B. NH4+
C. CO32−
D. O3

6. Which describes an ionic compound? [1 mark]

7. Which combination corresponds to a strong metallic bond? [1 mark]

8. What is the order of increasing boiling point? [1 mark]

A. CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3CH(OH)CH3 < CH3COCH3 < CH3CO2H
B. CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3COCH3 < CH3CH(OH)CH3 < CH3CO2H
C. CH3CO2H < CH3COCH3 < CH3CH(OH)CH3 < CH3CH2CH2CH3
D. CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3COCH3 < CH3CO2H < CH3CH(OH)CH3
9. Which combination causes the strength of metallic bonding to increase? [1 mark]

10. Which molecule contains an incomplete octet of electrons? [1 mark]

A. NF3
B. BF3
C. BrF
D. SF2

11. Which compound has hydrogen bonds between its molecules? [1 mark]
A. CH4
B. CH4O
C. CH3Cl
D. CH2O

12. How does a lithium atom form the most stable ion? [1 mark]
A. The atom gains a proton to form a positive ion.
B. The atom loses a proton to form a negative ion.
C. The atom loses an electron to form a positive ion.
D. The atom gains an electron to form a negative ion.
13. How many lone pairs and bonding pairs of electrons surround the central [1 mark]
chlorine atom in ClF2+?

14. Which compound has the highest boiling point? [1 mark]

A. CH3CHO
B. CH3CH2F
C. CH3OCH3
D. CH3CH2NH2

15. Which molecule is polar? [1 mark]

A. BeCl2
B. BCl3
C. NCl3
D. CCl4

16. Which species has the same molecular geometry as SO32−? [1 mark]

A. BF3
B. SO3
C. PF3
D. CO32−
17. Which form of carbon is the poorest electrical conductor? [1 mark]
A. Graphite
B. Graphene
C. Diamond
D. Carbon nanotube

18. What is the molecular geometry and bond angle in the molecular ion [1 mark]
NO 3−?

19. What are the strongest intermolecular forces between molecules of [1 mark]
propanone, CH3COCH3, in the liquid phase?
A. London (dispersion) forces
B. Covalent bonding
C. Hydrogen bonding
D. Dipole–dipole forces

20. What is the formula of ammonium phosphate? [1 mark]

A. (NH3)3PO4
B. (NH4)3PO4
C. (NH4)2PO4
D. (NH3)2PO3

21. Which species has the longest carbon to oxygen bond length? [1 mark]
A. CO
B. CH3OH
C. CH3CO2−
D. H2CO
22. What are the predicted electron domain geometries around the carbon [1 mark]
and both nitrogen atoms in urea, (NH2)2CO, applying VSEPR theory?

23. The compounds shown below have similar relative molecular masses. [1 mark]
What is the correct order of increasing boiling point?
A. CH3COOH < (CH3)2CO < (CH3)2CHOH
B. CH3COOH < (CH3)2CHOH < (CH3)2CO
C. (CH3)2CO < CH3COOH < (CH3)2CHOH
D. (CH3)2CO < (CH3)2CHOH < CH3COOH

24. What is the formula of magnesium nitride? [1 mark]

A. MgN
B. Mg2N3
C. Mg3N
D. Mg3N2

25. Which compound has the shortest C–N bond? [1 mark]

A. CH3NH2
B. (CH3)3CNH2
C. CH3CN
D. CH3CHNH

26. Which of the following series shows increasing hydrogen bonding with [1 mark]
water?
A. Propane < propanal < propanol < propanoic acid
B. Propane < propanol < propanal < propanoic acid
C. Propanal < propane < propanoic acid < propanol
D. Propanoic acid < propanol < propanal < propane
27. The electronegativity values of four elements are given. [1 mark]

What is the order of increasing polarity of the bonds in the following

compounds?
A. CO < OF2 < NO < CF4
B. CF4 < CO < OF2 < NO
C. NO < OF2 < CO < CF4
D. CF4 < NO < OF2 < CO

28. Which two atoms form the most polar bond? [1 mark]
A. C and F
B. C and Cl
C. Si and F
D. Si and Cl

29. Which combination describes the sulfate(IV) ion, SO32– (also known as [1 mark]
sulfite ion)?

30. Which correctly states the strongest intermolecular forces in the [1 mark]
compounds below?
31. What is the order of increasing boiling point? [1 mark]
A. C4H10 < CH3COOH < CH3CH2CHO < CH3CH2CH2OH
B. C4H10 < CH3CH2CHO < CH3CH2CH2OH < CH3COOH
C. CH3COOH < CH3CH2CH2OH< CH3CH2CHO < C4H10
D. C4H10 < CH3CH2CH2OH < CH3CH2CHO < CH3COOH

32. A substance has the following properties: [1 mark]

What is the most probable structure of this substance?

A. Network covalent
B. Polar covalent molecule
C. Ionic lattice
D. Metallic lattice

33. Which bonds cause the boiling point of water to be significantly greater [1 mark]
than that of hydrogen sulfide?
A. London (dispersion)
B. Covalent
C. Ionic
D. Hydrogen

34. What are the approximate bond angles and structure of crystalline SiO2? [1 mark]
35. Which metal has the strongest metallic bond? [1 mark]
A. Li
B. Na
C. K
D. Rb

36. Which of the following does not react with dilute HCl(aq)? [1 mark]

A. Na2CO3
B. Cu
C. Zn
D. CuO

37. How many bonding electrons are there in the urea molecule? [1 mark]

A. 8
B. 16
C. 20
D. 24

38. Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds? [1 mark]
A. SIH4
B. NaNO3
C. H2CO
D. Na2S
39. Which compound has resonance structures? [1 mark]
A. C6H12
B. CH3CHO
C. NaBr
D. Na2CO3

40. Between which pair of molecules can hydrogen bonding occur? [1 mark]
A. CH4 and H2O
B. CH3OCH3 and CF4
C. CH4 and HF
D. CH3OH and H2O

41. Which of the following are van der Waals’ forces? [1 mark]
I. Dipole-dipole forces
II. Hydrogen bonds
III. London (dispersion) forces
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

42. Which substance has a giant covalent structure? [1 mark]

43. Which molecule is non-polar? [1 mark]

A. OF2
B. NH3
C. BF3
D. SO2
44. Which pair of molecules has the same bond angles? [1 mark]
A. PCl3 and BCl3
B. SO2 and CO2
C. H2O and NH3
D. CCl4 and SiH4

45. Which molecules react to form a dative covalent (coordinate) bond? [1 mark]
A. CH4 and NH3
B. C2 H2 and Cl2
C. NH3 and HF
D. Cl2 and HF

46. What describes the relationship between diamond, graphite and C60 [1 mark]
fullerene?
A. Allotropes
B. Isomers
C. Isotopes
D. Polymers

47. Which forces are present between molecules of carbon dioxide in the solid[1 mark]
state?
A. Permanent dipole-permanent dipole interactions
B. Temporary dipole-induced dipole interactions (London/dispersion forces)
C. Covalent bonding
D. Ionic bonding

48. The following compounds have similar molar masses: [1 mark]

CH3 CH2 COOH, CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH and CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
What is the order of increasing boiling points?
A. CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH < CH3 CH2 COOH < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
B. CH3 CH2 COOH < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH
C. CH3 CH2 COOH < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
D. CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 < CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH < CH3 CH2 COOH
49. What describes the structure of silicon and silicon dioxide? [1 mark]

50. Which species contain a dative covalent (coordination or coordinate) [1 mark]

bond?
I. Carbon monoxide, CO
II. Ammonia, NH3
III. Oxonium ion, H3 O +
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

51. Which combination of shape and bond angle best describes a molecule of [1 mark]
sulfur dioxide, SO 2 ?

52. Which statement is correct about carbon-oxygen bond lengths? [1 mark]

A. The C–O bond lengths are equal in propanoic acid, C2 H5 COOH.
B. The C–O bond length in carbon dioxide, CO 2 , is longer than the C–O bond
length in methanol, CH3 OH .
C. The C–O bond length in carbon dioxide, CO 2 , is longer than the C–O bond
length in carbon monoxide, CO.
D. The C–O bond lengths are equal in ethyl ethanoate, CH3 COOC2 H5 .

GaPO
53. The formula of gallium phosphate is GaPO4 . What is the correct formula [1 mark]
of gallium sulfate?
A. GaSO4
B. GaS
C. Ga2 (SO 4 )3
D. Ga2 S3

54. Which diatomic molecule has the strongest bonding between its atoms? [1 mark]
A. H2
B. N2
C. O 2
D. F2

55. Which molecule is non-polar? [1 mark]

A. CCl4
B. CH2 Cl2
C. CH3 Cl
D. CO

56. Which process involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds? [1 mark]

A. 2HI(g) → H2 (g) + I2 (g)
B. CH4 (g) → C(g) + 4H(g)
C. H2 (l) → H2 (g)
D. NH3 (l) → NH3 (g)

57. Which species contains a bond angle of approximately 107°? [1 mark]

A. H2 O
B. CF4
C. NCl3
D. BF3
58. Which species contains a dative covalent (coordinate) bond? [1 mark]
A. HCN
B. C2 H2
C. CO 2
D. CO

59. Which combination of length and strength of the carbon‒to‒carbon bonds [1 mark]
in C2 H2 and C2 H4 is correct?

60. What is the shape and the bond angle of the molecule BF3 ? [1 mark]

61. What is the correct order of increasing boiling point? [1 mark]

A. C2 H6 < HCHO < CH3 OH
B. HCHO < C2 H6 < CH3 OH
C. CH3 OH < HCHO < C2 H6
D. C2 H6 < CH3 OH < HCHO

62. Which particles are present in the lattice of a metal? [1 mark]

A. Negative ions
B. Positive and negative ions
C. Positive ions
D. Molecules
63. Which properties do typical ionic compounds have? [1 mark]

64. Which compounds contain both ionic and covalent bonding? [1 mark]
I. CaCO3
II. NaCl
III. NaOH
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

65. Which pair has the same bond angles? [1 mark]

A. CH4 and NH+
4
B. NH3 andH2 O
C. C2 H4 andC2 H2
D. CO 2 and SO 2

SiO
66. Which diagram represents the bonding in SiO2 ? [1 mark]

67. What is the formula of calcium phosphide? [1 mark]

A. Ca2 (PO3 )3
B. Ca2 P3
C. Ca3 (PO 4 )2
D. Ca3 P2

68. What is the formula of calcium nitride? [1 mark]

A. Ca3 N2
B. Ca2 N3
C. Ca(NO 2 )2
D. Ca(NO 3 )2
69. Which compounds have an ionic lattice structure in the solid state? [1 mark]
I. Silicon dioxide
II. Sodium fluoride
III. Ammonium nitrate
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

70. The Lewis (electron dot) structure of aspirin is represented below. [1 mark]

What are the approximate values of the bond angles α, β and γ, in the molecule?

71. Which compound has the highest boiling point? [1 mark]

A. CH3 CH3
B. CH3 OH
C. CH3 CH2 OH
D. CH3 CH2 CH3
72. Which statement best describes ionic bonding? [1 mark]
A. It is the electrostatic attraction between positive ions and delocalized
electrons and occurs by the transfer of electrons.
B. It is the electrostatic attraction between positive ions and negative ions and
occurs by the transfer of electrons.
C. It is the electrostatic attraction between positive ions and negative ions and
occurs by the sharing of electrons.
D. It is the electrostatic attraction between positive nuclei and electrons and
occurs by the sharing of electrons.

73. What are the correct formulas of the following ions? [1 mark]

74. Which statements concerning the sodium chloride ionic lattice are [1 mark]
correct?
I. Sodium ions are larger than chloride ions.
II. Each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions.
III. Each chloride ion is surrounded by six sodium ions.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

75. Which combination best describes the type of bonding present and the [1 mark]
melting point of silicon and silicon dioxide?
76. Which statements are correct about hydrogen bonding? [1 mark]
I. It is an electrostatic attraction between molecules.
II. It is present in liquid ammonia.
III. It is a permanent dipole-permanent dipole attraction.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

77. Which is the best description of a metallic bond? [1 mark]

A. Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
B. Electrostatic attraction between a pair of electrons and positively charged
nuclei
C. Electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and delocalized
electrons
D. Electrostatic attraction for a bonding pair of electrons which have been
supplied by one of the atoms

78. Which statements about graphite are correct? [1 mark]

I. Carbon atoms are held in layers with weak attractions between layers.
II. Graphite is a non-metal which conducts electricity.
III. Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

79. Which statements are correct for the bonds between two carbon atoms? [1 mark]
I. Single bonds are longer than triple bonds.
II. Single bonds are stronger than double bonds.
III. Triple bonds are stronger than double bonds.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
80. Which statements about the structure and bonding of silicon dioxide are [1 mark]
correct?

81. Which series shows increasing boiling points? [1 mark]

A. CH3 CH2 CH3 < CH3 CH2 OH < CH3 CHO
B. CH3 CHO < CH3 CH2 CH3 < CH3 CH2 OH
C. CH3 CH2 OH < CH3 CHO < CH3 CH2 CH3
D. CH3 CH2 CH3 < CH3 CHO < CH3 CH2 OH

82. What is the formula of the ionic compound formed when calcium and [1 mark]
nitrogen react together?
A. Ca2 N3
B. Ca3 N2
C. Ca5 N2
D. Ca2 N5

83. Which bond is the least polar? [1 mark]

A. C–H
B. F–H
C. O–H
D. N–H
84. Diamond, C60 fullerene and graphite are allotropes of carbon. Which [1 mark]
statements are correct about these allotropes?
I. In diamond each carbon is held in a tetrahedral arrangement.
II. In C60 fullerene each carbon is held in a trigonal arrangement.
III. In graphite each carbon is held in a tetrahedral arrangement.

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

85. Which statement about the physical properties of substances is correct? [1 mark]
A. The only solids that conduct electricity are metals.
B. All substances with covalent bonds have low melting points.
C. Ionic solids are always brittle.
D. All metals have high densities.

86. What is the formula of magnesium nitride? [1 mark]

A. Mg2 N3
B. Mg3 N2
C. Mg(NO 3 )2
D. Mg(NO 2 )2

87. Which single covalent bond is the most polar, given the following [1 mark]
electronegativity values?

A. C–O
B. S–H
C. C–H
D. O–H
 88. The Lewis (electron dot) structure of paracetamol (acetaminophen) is: [1 mark]

What are the approximate values of the bond angles?

89. C60 fullerene consists of a simple molecular structure. Silicon dioxide, [1 mark]
SiO2 , can be described as a giant covalent (macromolecular) structure. Which
statements are correct?
I. Each carbon atom in C60 fullerene is bonded in a sphere of 60 carbon atoms,
consisting of pentagons and hexagons.
II. Each O–Si–O bond angle in SiO2 is 180°.
III. SiO2 is insoluble in water.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

90. Which compound has the lowest boiling point? [1 mark]

A. CH3 CH2 CH2 OH
B. CH3 CH2 CH2 Br
C. CH3 CH2 COOH
D. CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3

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