2021 5th International Conference on Communication and Information Systems
Optimization Scheme and Design of Servo Power Supply for Aerospace Vehicle
2021 5th International Conference on Communication and Information Systems (ICCIS) | 978-1-6654-2216-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICCIS53528.2021.9646010
Zhang Yi Qi, Li Yan, Zhao Xiao Rui, Yan Shuang
Gas hydraulic servo Division
Beijing Institute of Precision Mechatronics and
Controls
Beijing, China
e-mail: 062007.happy@163.com
Abstract—This paper introduces the servo power supply and
distribution circuit of the aerospace vehicle and analyzes the
problems that the power supply system may encounter during
the flight. In view of this, the aerospace vehicle servo power
supply optimization scheme is proposed, and the relevant
parameters of the scheme are matched. Finally, a part of the
experiment was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the
power supply optimization scheme, and to achieve the purpose
of optimizing the power supply system in terms of improving
the reliability and stability of the aerospace vehicle power
supply.
Keywords—Aerospace Vehicle; Servo power supply and
distribution; Power optimization; Scheme design
I. INTRODUCTION
The power supply of aerospace vehicle provides electric
energy for the equipment [1]. As shown in Figure 1, the
conventional power supply and distribution block diagram of
the aerospace vehicle shows that each electrical equipment
and system is hung on the power line to take what it needs.
This type of power supply has a simple structure and can
meet the power supply requirements under normal operation
of the equipment.
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of conventional aerospace vehicle power
supply.
The servo control system of aircraft consists of driver and
actuator. The function of driver is to receive aircraft control
command, convert DC energy into AC energy and supply it
978-1-6654-2216-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE
Authorized licensed use limited to: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Downloaded on July 04,2024 at 11:49:06 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
Xu Xiu Hua
Special Power Research Laboratory
Laboratory of Aerospace Servo Actuation and
Transmission
Beijing, China
e-mail: 18701349426@163.com
to actuator[2]. The actuator converts AC energy into kinetic
energy and drives air rudder to follow aircraft control
command.
II. PROBLEMS OF EXISTING POWER SUPPLY SCHEMES
Different from the ground equipment, the aircraft has
higher requirements for the reliability and stability of power
supply. When the conventional power supply mode is used,
the following situations may occur in the aircraft, and the
power supply of the aircraft's control system may be
abnormal: 1. When the aircraft maneuvers rapidly or the
high-power equipment suddenly uses power, such as the
radar starts[3], and the power supply consumes a large
amount of charge in a short time, Performance degradation
may cause some electrical equipment to stop working; 2.
During power switching of aircraft, there may be a short
power-off gap; 3. When the power distribution module fails,
the aircraft power supply will fail.
The above abnormal power supply affects the normal
operation of the aircraft power consumption unit. In terms of
aircraft servo control, the air rudder can not better follow the
given value, resulting in aircraft attitude imbalance and
instability. Before this study, the electrical characteristics of
aircraft were studied, and the relevant load start-up sequence
and electrical characteristics of aircraft servo system were
analyzed. In this study, the power supply of key electrical
units was optimized to ensure the stability and reliability of
aircraft servo control.
III. POWER SUPPLY OPTIMIZATION SCHEME
In order to solve the above problems, the servo power
supply is optimized [4]. According to the power
requirements of the aerospace vehicle, energy storage,
backup and conversion can be used to optimize the power
supply, It mainly includes bus support capacitor, capacitor
delay module, main and backup battery supply, generator
backup power supply, backup transformation power supply,
etc, The applicable conditions of the above scheme are
analyzed.
A. Bus Support Capacitor
The bus support capacitor solution is widely used and has
a simple structure [5]. As shown in Figure 2, this solution
maintains the reliability of servo control electricity. A diode
98
is connected in series on the power supply bus, and a bus
support capacitor is added at the back of the diode. The
purpose of the series diode is to ensure that when the voltage
fluctuates, and the electric energy released by the capacitor is
mainly used to maintain the normal operation of servo
control. When the power supply voltage fluctuates due to a
sudden change in the load [6], the capacitor releases
electrical energy to supply power to the equipment with a
higher priority for power consumption, and maintains the
reliability of power consumption during voltage fluctuations
and transient phases.
C2 and the power consumption of the power consumption
unit.
The parameters that need to be considered in this scheme
are the output power of the delay module and the parameters
of the energy storage capacitor. The output parameters of the
power delay module must be greater than the power of the
servo control driver; the parameter determination of the
capacitor is the same as the state calculation process in 2.1,
and the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor C2
is determined by applying equation 1.

Figure 3. Capacitor delay module scheme.

Figure 2. Bus support capacitor scheme.
This scheme also relies on the stored energy in the
In the design of capacitance parameters[7], the withstand capacitor to prolong the power consumption of the servo
voltage, capacitance value and power conversion rate η are control system. Since the stored voltage and energy of the
considered. The capacitance value is estimated by the capacitor increase, the volume and weight of the energy
following formula. storage capacitor can be effectively reduced, so this scheme
1 is suitable for the short-term power outages of low-power
P∗t=E=η∗ ∗ C ∗ (𝑈12 − 𝑈22 ) (1) electrical anomalies.
2
where P is the power of servo control equipment (W); t -
C. Main and Spare Batteries Scheme
voltage fluctuation time (s); E - energy required by servo
control equipment during voltage fluctuation (J); C - By adding the backup battery [9], as shown in Figure 4,
capacitance value; U1 - normal supply voltage (V); U2 - the main and backup battery is adopted.
lower threshold voltage (V) of servo control equipment; η-
The efficiency of discharging electric energy from capacitor
to servo control equipment is generally about 0.8.
Through the above analysis, it can be seen that this
scheme only needs to add fewer components to realize the
energy supplement function of short-time voltage fluctuation.
Considering the capacitance, efficiency, and energy
comprehensively, this scheme is suitable for short-term
power outages of low-power equipment.
B. Capacitor Delay Module Scheme
As shown in Figure 3, the Capacitor delay module
scheme.
The principle is as follows: when the power supply unit
supplies power normally [8], the capacitor delay module
increases the power supply voltage U1 to U3, and stores the
electric energy of U3 voltage on capacitor C2. When the Figure 4. Main and mpare matteries scheme
local power supply voltage is unstable, the capacitor delay
module converts the electric energy stored in the capacitor The voltage of the main battery is slightly higher than
into control power, which can prolong the working time of the output voltage of the backup battery. The diode ensures
the power consumption unit. The specific extension of the the unidirectional power output of the main and backup
working time is determined by the capacitance of capacitor batteries. When the electric energy stress of bus is large, it

99
Authorized licensed use limited to: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Downloaded on July 04,2024 at 11:49:06 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
reaches the range that the backup battery can output, and the The scheme does not need additional battery, the current
backup battery supplements the bus with electric energy to domestic full-brick module can meet the requirements of
maintain the stability of the power supply. Different battery hundreds of watts power supply[12], At the same time, the
systems can be used to optimize heterogeneous power supply. power conversion module is small in size and light in weight.
This scheme can meet the greater power stress and has Under existing conditions, digital detection and control
high reliability and stability. The backup battery is hung on technology can be used to achieve several of combination
the power supply bus to provide protection for the entire modules under different power level conditions to realize
power supply system. This scheme adds additional auxiliary fault self-checking and module matching, which can fully
batteries, increasing the volume, weight, and cost. meet the power demand of medium to high power and has
high reliability and stability.
D. Generator Backup Power Supply
As shown in Figure 5, an optimized power supply is
formed with the main power supply unit by adding a
generator and a power conditioning unit[10]. The generator
is installed on the engine accessory casing of the aircraft,
which converts part of the kinetic energy of the engine into
electric energy, and the conditioning unit outputs the electric
energy after stabilizing the voltage. In this case, the
generator can also charge the main power supply unit and
store the electric energy in the main power supply unit under
the condition of normal power supply. When the main power
supply unit cannot supply power normally, the generator and
the electric energy conditioning unit can undertake the
electricity demand of the system.

Figure 6. Backup conversion power supply scheme

IV. EXPERIMENT
Considering the weight, volume and cost of the above
power supply optimization scheme, combined with the
enforceability of the actual power supply and distribution of
the aircraft, reasonably carry out the power supply
optimization design, and carry out the power supply test of
abnormal power supply: 1. Power supply interruption test; 2.
Figure 5. Scheme of generator power supply Abnormal voltage transient test; 3. Power off test. Record the
status of equipment before and after each test, monitor the
This power supply scheme is often used in the Power working condition of equipment during the test, and verify
supply system of the civil aviation aerospace vehicle. The the reliability of system power supply.
scheme is mature and effective, small in size, and relatively
light in weight, but it will consume part of the kinetic energy A. Power Supply Interruption Test
of the aerospace vehicle engine and has a certain impact on
the maneuverability of the aerospace vehicle.
E. Backup Conversion Power Supply
The power supply of the aircraft provides electric energy
for the servo motor. Generally, the power supply has large
ampere hours and large design margin to ensure the power
demand of the aircraft servo motor. By adding the power
conversion device [11] for power conversion and control
power, as shown in Figure 6, it is similar to the working
mode of main battery and standby battery. The voltage range
of main power supply is higher than that of backup power
module. When the power supply stress of main power supply
is large, the backup power module starts to output,
supplement power to the bus and maintain the stability of Figure 7. Power supply interruption test curve
bus power supply.

100
Authorized licensed use limited to: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Downloaded on July 04,2024 at 11:49:06 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 The test picture is shown in Figure 7. This test simulates D. Test result
the short-time power supply interruption state of the aircraft After the systematic test of the control power supply of
[13]. For the control power supply, three 50ms power supply the aircraft, as shown in Table 1, the equipments status
interruption tests are carried out, with an interval of 0.5s each before and after the test and the aircraft data in the test are
time. During this process, the equipment shall not have monitored. The data in each stage are normal. The power
abnormal power supply and equipment damage, and the supply optimization scheme of this design meets the power
aircraft power consumption shall meet the characteristics supply guarantee of each test.
specified during normal power supply.
TABLE I. TEST RESULT
B. Abnormal Voltage Transient Test
The test picture is shown in Figure 8. This test simulates Test conclusion of each item
Test item
the abnormal fluctuation of aircraft power supply[14]. For Item of 3.1 Item of 3.2 Item of 3.3
the control power supply, three power supply voltage
Is the power
transient tests are carried out at an interval of 0.5s, and the supply normal
YES YES YES
voltage is reduced from the normal power supply voltage to Are the
7V for 50ms each time. During this process, the equipment equipments YES YES YES
shall not have abnormal power supply and equipment normal
damage, and the aircraft power consumption shall meet the IS the control
YES YES YES
characteristics specified during normal power supply. command normal
Are there any
NO NO NO
other exceptions

Figure 8. Abnormal voltage transient test curve
C. Power off Test
The test picture is shown in Figure 9. This test simulates
the power failure of the main control power supply of the
aircraft[15], and carries out the test under the limit condition
for 7s for this fault mode. Within this time range, the control
power supply drops from normal voltage to 0V. During this
process, the equipment shall not have abnormal power
supply and equipment damage, and the aircraft power
consumption shall meet the characteristics specified during
normal power supply.
Figure 9. Power off test curve
V. CONCLUSION
This paper expounds the power supply and power
conditions of the aerospace vehicle's servo control power,
analyzes the necessity of servo control redundant power
supply, proposes a redundant power supply design plan, and
analyzes and researches each plan. Moreover, after
optimizing the design of common power supply
abnormalities of the aircraft, and conducting targeted
experiments, the effectiveness of this scheme and design is
verified. The aircraft carrying this research content has
completed flight verification. In summary, it can be seen that
this scheme can improve can improve the reliability and
stability of the aerospace vehicle's power consumption, and
provide a strong guarantee for the aircraft's normal power
supply.
REFERENCES
[1] Patel, M.R, Han bo. Spacecraft Power System [M]. Beijing：China
Astronautic Publishing House，2010
[2] Huang Yu Ping, Li Jian Ming, Zhu Cheng Lin, Zheng Ji Gui.
Aerospace Electromechanical Servo System [M].BeiJing ： China
Electric Power Press，2020
[3] Stanislaw Czeszejko, Mobility of radars on the today’s battlefield[J].
International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and
Telecommunications, Vol 67, No 1 (2021),43-48
[4] Zhang Qin. The Safety Design and Realization of Cabin Power
Supply System of Aircraft [D]. University of Electronic Science and
Technology of China,2019.
[5] Wen Chao, Qiu Rui Chang, Zhao Xiao Hong, Han Xiao Yi. Design of
DCUPS Base on Supercapacitor[J]. Chinese Journal of Power
Sources, 2011, (7): 844-846.
[6] Zhang Xiao Lin. Redundancy Design Technology of Airborne
Computer for Small Aircraft [J]. Journal of Northwestern
Polytechnical University,2001,(2).274-278.
[7] Lavanya Anbazhagan, Jegatheesan Ramiah, Vijayakumar
Krishnaswamy, Divya Navamani Jayachandran. A comprehensive
review on Bidirectional traction converter for Electric vehicles [J].
International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and
Telecommunications, Vol 65, No 4 (2019): 635-649.

101
Authorized licensed use limited to: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Downloaded on July 04,2024 at 11:49:06 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
[8] Li Chuan，Zhu Li Hong，Wang Bao Ping，Guan Zhen Kun. Design
and Implementation of Power Control Unit for a Lunar Orbiter [J].
Chinese Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 35(10): 1255-1258.
[9] Cai Shao Wei. Technical Development and Application of Primary
Battery for Air Defense Missile [J]. Chinese Journal of Power
Sources, 2012, 36(6): 908-911.
[10] Hu Yun Tao. Small Long-range Aircraft of Uninterrupted Power
Supply System Technology [D]. Harbin Engineering University,2011.
[11] Du Guang Yuan. Research on Joint Power Supply Methods with Dual
Power Supply [J]. Chinese Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 38(5):
904-905.
102
Authorized licensed use limited to: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Downloaded on July 04,2024 at 11:49:06 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
[12] Guo Chen. Redundancy Power Interrupt Design for Airborne
Secondary Power Supply[J]. Electronic Science and Technology,
2013, 26(8): 93-95.
[13] GJB 181B-2012, Aircraft electric power characteristics, Beijing, PLA
General Armament Department,2012
[14] GJB 5558-2006, Requirements for test characteristic in aircraft
electric power system, Beijing, PLA General Armament
Department,2006
[15] GJB1389A-2005,Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements for
System, Beijing, PLA General Armament Department,2005