Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Copper corrosion test apparatus
Copper corrosion test apparatus
Copper corrosion test apparatus
1
Organization’s ISO 9001:2008 Certificate
2
Forward
We just want to take a moment out to thank you for your keen interest in our company products. We
greatly appreciate your business and the opportunity you provided us to assist you. You have joined a
selected group of customers who have switched to the technologically superior and quality enhanced
laboratory testing product.
Time has changed, so do the technology. Your purchase lists you on the cutting edge of 21st century
technology. The attached test report is an excellent way of expressing and maintaining your trust in
EIE’s - superior quality testing products. Our continued efforts and commitment is to provide you
efficient sales after services, prompt attention and highest level of customer satisfaction. If for any
reasons, you have questions or comments, we are delighted to hear from you. Call us on 0091-79-
660406013 or send us email at info@eieinstruments.com/kunal@eieinstrumentsc.com. You can
expect us to respond to your email within 24-48 working hours.
Once again, thank you for your trust and kind patronage. We look forward to serve you better in
future.
Yours sincerely,
EIE Instruments
3
Table of contents
Forward ................................................................................................................................ 3
4
1. What is copper corrosion and why it is undesirable?
Cruder petroleum contains sulphur compounds, most of which are removed during refining. However,
of the sulphur compound remaining in the petroleum product, some can have the corroding effect on
various metals. The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulphur compound present. As
copper is susceptible to corrosion, it is used as an indicator of the corrosiveness of fuel.
The copper strip corrosive test is designed to assess this relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleum
product. The method is well suited for specification settings, internal quality control tools and
development and research on aromatic industrial hydrocarbons. It also detects the presence of harmful
corrosive substances, like acidic or sulphur compounds, which may corrode the equipment. The value of
this test is reported in SI units.
Copper strip corrosion is also known as the copper strip test. At elevated temperatures, a copper strip
that has been polished is immersed in a sample, usually 30 ml. The strip is then removed and tested for
corrosion and a classification number is given. The number ranges from 1 to 4 after a comparison with
the ASTM copper strip corrosion standard is done.
Copper strip corrosion failures are caused by Active sulphur species like Mercaptans, Hydrogen sulphide
etc. Traces of caustic carryover into hydrocarbon streams also can contribute to copper strip corrosion
failure. Other than Hydrogen Sulphide and Mercaptans, Elemental sulphur also contributes to copper
strip corrosion failure. There are many commercial Mercaptan and Hydrogen Sulphide Scavengers
available in the market to mask the active sulphur species.
5
4. Introduction to EIE – Copper Corrosion test apparatus
EIE – Copper strip corrosion test apparatus is used in research laboratories, Petroleum Jelly Industries,
Industrial quality control laboratories, Lube oil plants, Automotive lubricant plants, Testing
Laboratories, Cosmetic Industries and other similar places, where the copper corrosion test is required
to be carried out to ascertain finished product quality.
EIE - Copper corrosion test apparatus is manufactured in accordance with the specifications described
in ASTM D130 standards.
This manual provides important information regarding safety, technical reference, installation
requirements, operating condition specifications, user facility resource requirements, and operating
instructions for the Foaming characteristic test apparatus. This manual should also be used in
conjunction with applicable published laboratory procedures ASTM D130
5. Getting Started
The instructions for preparing the equipment assume that the user is aware of the contents of this
document, which lists the warranty conditions and important precautions.
6
5.2 Delivery and Uncrating the instrument
1) Inspect equipment and shipping crate immediately upon receipt. If any damage is apparent,
immediately discuss it with the delivery person and contact the transportation company
immediately. Make notes of any damages on the bill of landing.
2) Retain all shipping material for later inspection.
3) Check packing slip carefully and ensure all materials have been received as indicated in packing slip.
4) Instrument is supplied in enclosed wooden case. Unpack the wooden case, locate and count the
number of accessories and main working unit. Remove packing strip from surroundings of the
instrument and all its accessories. Please inspect and note whether any part of the instrument is
damaged or any accessory is missing according to packing slip? If it is so, then immediately make
note of it and report to the manufacturer.
5) Due to the vibration incurred during shipping and handling, it is possible that mechanical
connection could become loose. Inspect all connection to ensure that they are secure.
6) After visual inspection, if everything is found to be okay, transit the instrument to suitable safe
place where it is intended to install. Caution: Heavy weight, protect yourself first. Handle with
care.
7) Recycle the packing material and wooden box. Do not throw it away for environment protection.
a) Place the equipment on a plain, even and sturdy surface leaving 5-6” space away from the wall.
b) Do not install unit in a corrosive environment. A corrosive environment may lead to poor
performance and deterioration of unit.
c) Do not place the equipment in a draft, sunlight or near a place of equipment, which emits heat as
well as electromagnetic conduction emission.
d) Check the electrical specifications label located on the equipment. Make sure the power
specifications must confirm to your local standard.
e) Provide 1Ø / 230V / 50Hz stabilized power source with proper earthling.
f) Keep the equipment in well ventilated place. The laboratory room temperature should be
maintained @ 25 °C for better performance of the equipment
g) Clean the Stainless Steel inner chamber of the waterbath thoroughly before operating it.
7
h) Keep all the required accessories such as viewing glass tube required for storage of corroded
specimen, forceps, timing devices and all other supplied accessories at one place to successfully
carry out the experiment.
i) Install the unit near the place, where distilled water or RO water or DM Water is easily available.
Also, make provision of silicon oil if an operator wants to carry out the copper corrosion test at
elevated temperature i.e. 150 °C
j) Plug the power cord into a properly grounded outlet.
1) The EIE Copper strip corrosion test apparatus is designed to carry out the experiment with ease.
2) It consists of waterbath for achieving elevated temperature, stainless steel test vessel, test tubes
for holding copper strips, test tube stand, bench top vice to hold the copper strips, silicon carbide
powder, silicon carbide papers, thermometers and laminated double side colour chart.
3) The water bath is pre-installed with immersion heater (wet heater – heating element), Stainless
steel stirrer and stainless steel lid with 6 holes & hooks to hang the copper corrosion test vessels in
such a way that they completely remain immersed within the water at the time of experiment.
4) The Exterior body of the unit is manufactured from Mild steel material, which is powder coated in
attractive shades.
5) All the controlling accessories and electrical wiring is housed in the right hand side chassis of the
unit, which acts as a control panel for EIE – copper corrosion test apparatus.
6) Control panel is equipped with Auto-Tune PID Digital Temperature Indicator Cum Controller,
permanent Heater switch, booster heater switch, Stirrer switch and Mains switch.
7) Polishing vice is designed in such a way that it remains useful and convenient for holding up to four
Copper strips during final polishing. This design can hold the strip tightly in such a way the surface
of the strip being polished remain supported above the surface of the holder.
8) Copper Strip Corrosion Pressure Vessel is constructed from stainless steel material according to the
dimensions given in ASTM D130 standard. The vessel is capable of withstanding a test pressure of
700 kPa gage (100 psi). The internal dimensions of the pressure vessel are such that a nominal 25-
mm by 150-mm test tube can be placed inside the pressure vessel.
9) Unit is also supplied with Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass of nominal 25-mm by 150-mm dimensions.
8
10) Waterbath is also fitted with over-temperature protection system in order to cut-down the heat
power when bath temperature increases out of specified limit through digital controller.
11) Built -in boost for initial heating.
The panel shows switches and lamps for mains and stirrer. Digital temperature indicator cum controller
with precise calibration read temperature in degree centigrade corresponding to mill volts, produced by
PT-100 thermocouple is installed.
The following are the switches for various functions provided on the front side of the panel.
Stirrer Switch
This switch controls turning ON/OFF the Stainless Steel paddle stirrer installed within the chamber. The
stirrer maintains the uniform temperature distribution throughout the chamber.
9
The auto-tune Digital PID temperature controller is installed to monitor and maintain the set-point
temperature value within the jar bath. A proportional–integral–derivative controller (PID controller) is a
generic control loop feedback mechanism (controller) which calculates an "error" value as the difference
between a measured temperature value and a desired set-point value. The controller attempts to
minimize this error by adjusting the process control inputs. A tiny manual book is supplied along with
the main instrument for In-detailed explanation of digital temperature controller. Please refer to the
same for additional information.
10
9. Technical specifications of EIE – Foaming test apparatus
Temperature Range
+5 °C above ambient to 100 °C
without cooling coil
Display Resolution 0.1 °C
Display Accuracy ± 0.5 °C
Temperature Controller Microprocessor based PID Digital temperature Controller cum Indicator
11
10. Preparation of test Sample (Oil Sample)
1) Collect all types of intended fuel samples that pass a low-tarnish strip classification, in clean, dark
glass bottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable containers that will not affect the corrosive properties
of the fuel.
2) Avoid the use of tin plate containers for collection of samples.
3) Fill the test containers (Plastic bottles or dark glass bottles) as completely as possible (Leaving some
space for air) and close them immediately after taking the sample.
4) Adequate headspace in the container should be maintained to provide room for possible thermal
expansion during transport.
5) Take care during sampling to protect the samples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused
daylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt of test samples in the laboratory and
immediately after opening the container.
6) If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in the test sample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume
of sample through a medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, dry test tube. Carry
out this operation in a darkened room or under a light-protected shield.
Preparation of copper strips involves two different processes for Used copper strips and new copper
strips.
1) Surface Preparation (Requires for USED COPPER STRIPS only)
2) Final preparation (Requires for both NEW & USED COPPER STRIPS)
12
5) Surface preparation is not required for new copper strips (Commercially purchased pre-polished
Final Preparation
1) Remove a strip from its protected location, such as by removing it from the wash solvent. Wear
laboratory gloves or hold the strips in the fingers protected with ash less filters paper in order to
prevent possible surface contamination during final preparation. Do not allow fingers to come in
direct contact with the copper strips.
2) Polish first the ends and then the sides with the 105-mm (150-mesh) silicon carbide grains (powder)
picked up with a pad of cotton (cotton wool) moistened with wash solvent. Wipe vigorously with
fresh pads of cotton (cotton wool) and subsequently handle without touching the surface of the
strip with the fingers. Laboratory Forceps should be utilized to handle the strips.
3) Clamp a strip in a supplied Polishing vise and polish the main surfaces with silicon-carbide grains on
absorbent cotton. Do not polish in a circular motion. Rub in the direction of the long axis of the strip,
carrying the stroke beyond the end of the strip before reversing the direction.
4) Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously with clean pads of absorbent cotton until a
fresh pad remains unsoiled. When the strip is clean, immediately immerse it in the prepared oil
sample.
5) It is important to polish the whole surface of the strip uniformly to obtain a uniformly stained strip.
If the edges of the strip show wear (surface elliptical), they will likely show more corrosion than the
center.
13
12. Experimental Test procedure
There are a variety of test conditions available, which are broadly specific to given classes of product
but, within certain classes, more than one set of test conditions of time or temperature, or both, may
apply. In general, aviation gasoline is tested in a pressure vessel at 100°C and other high vapor pressure
fuels, like natural gasoline, at 40°C. Other liquid products are tested in a test tube at 50°C, 100°C or even
higher temperatures. Right now, we are concerned with Lubricating Oil sample testing only and hence,
this section will deal with the essential experimental procedure for testing copper corrosion property of
Lubricating oil test samples.
14
8) Now, slide the copper strip into the prepared oil sample. This should be done within 1 min after
completing the final preparation (polishing).
9) If more than one oil sample is to be analyzed at essentially the same time, prepare each sample in
the batch by stoppering each test tube with a vented stopper, such as a vented cork before placing
each test tube in a bath maintained at 100 ± 1°C or 150 ± 1°C, provided the elapsed time between
the first and last sample prepared is kept to a minimum. Protect the contents of the test tube from
strong light during the test.
10) Hang the prepared pressure vessels with the help of the hooks fitted on individual lids of the
waterbath holes. Keep the test samples inside the bath continuously for 3 h ± 5 mins.
11) After 3 h ± 5 min in the bath, examine the strip as described in 10.4.
Empty the contents of the test tube into a suitably sized receiver. If a receiver made out of glass is used,
such as a 150-mL tall-form beaker, let the strip slide in gently so as to avoid breaking the glass.
Immediately withdraw the strip with forceps and immerse in wash solvent. Withdraw the strip at once,
dry and inspect for evidence of tarnishing or corrosion by comparison with the supplied ASTM Copper
Strip Corrosion Standards. Hold both the test strip and the standard strip plaque in such a manner that
light reflected from them at an angle of approximately 45° will be observed.
Interpret the corrosiveness of the sample in accordance with one of the classifications of the ASTM
Copper Strip Corrosion Standard as listed in following table
15
b. Lavender
c. Multicoloured with lavender blue or silver, or both,
overlaid on claret red
d. Silvery
e. Brassy or gold
1) When a strip is in the obvious transition state between that indicated by any two adjacent standard
strips, rate the sample at the more tarnished classification. Should a strip appear to have a darker
orange color than Standard Strip 1b, consider the observed strip as still belonging in Classification 1;
however, if any evidence of red color is observed, the observed strip belongs in Classification 2.
2) A 2a strip can be mistaken for a 3a strip if the brassy underlay of the 3a strip is completely masked
by a magenta overtone. To distinguish, immerse the strip in wash solvent; a 2a strip will appear as a
1b strip, while a 3a strip will not change.
3) To distinguish a 2c strip from a 3b strip, place a test strip in a 25-mm by 150-mm test tube and bring
to a temperature of 340 ± 30 °C in 4 to 6 min with the tube lying on a hot plate. Adjust to
temperature by observing a high distillation thermometer inserted into a second test tube. Thus, a
2c strip will assume the color of a 2d strip and successive stages of tarnish; a 3b strip will take on the
appearance of a 4a strip.
4) Repeat the test if blemishes due to fingerprints are observed, or due to spots from any particles or
water droplets that may have touched the test strip during the digestion period.
5) Repeat the test also if the sharp edges along the flat faces of the strip appear to be in a classification
higher than the greater portion of the strip; in this case, it is likely that the edges were burnished
during preparation (polishing).
6) Repeat the above complete process for three more times and record the readings.
16
15. Report
Report the data in the following manner:
Report the corrosiveness in accordance with one of the classifications listed in Table 1. State the
duration of the test and the test temperature in the following format:
Where,
X = test duration, in hours,
Y = test temperature, °C,
Z = classification category (that is, 1, 2, 3, or 4), and
p = classification description for the corresponding Z (for example, a, b).
17
16. Precautions to be observed
18
17. Warranty Certificate
Your EIE product is guaranteed to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one ( 1 ) year
under normal use from the date of purchase. This WARRNATY does not apply to any product damaged
by accident, misuse, mishandling, abuse, negligence, transit, improper line voltage, drop, fire, flood or if
the products were altered or repaired by anyone other than the qualified service personnel.
The liability of EIE Instruments is limited to repair or replacement and under no circumstances shall EIE
be liable for any collateral consequential damages or loss. This guarantee specifically excludes the
expendables and consumables. All warranty claims must be directed to your corresponding purchase
organization that is responsible for the sale of this equipment. The users are responsible for shipping
expense. The warranty cards which are not signed and stamped by the actual user will be treated as
void. The warranty card should accompany the defective products sent for repair, without which no
claims would be entertained. Please detach the below warranty card from following cut-line.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
This card should be detached, filled in properly and posted within 15 days from the date of purchase
otherwise the warranty becomes invalid.
19
EIE Instruments (Factory Address) Email : service@eieinstruments.com
B-14, 15, 16, Zaveri Industrial Estate, Phone : 0091-79-66040613
Opp. Shyam Villa Society, Near Sarswati Vidhyalaya, Fax : 0091-79-66040600
Kathawada GIDC Road, Off National Highway,
Kathawada, Ahmedabad 382430
20