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Dressmaking 10
Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 2

Sleeping Garment

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

NAME :_________________________________________________

SECTION :______________________________________________

Teacher : MELANIE R. LORONO

Date & received By : _________________
LESSON 1.2 PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the learner is expected to:

1. Identify the Principles and Elements of Design
2. Apply the Principles and Elements of Design in Dress
Designing
3. Appreciate the importance of knowing how the
principles and elements of design apply in dress
designing

Color - property possessed by an object of producing different

sensation on the eye because of the way the object reflects or emits light.
Design - an arrangement of lines or shapes created to form a pattern or
decoration.
Hue - a color or shade.
Stout - heavy build.
Value - the relative lightness or darkness of a color.

PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

To achieve effectively what is pleasing not just to the eyes of

the beholder but brings confidence and grace to our personality,
the use of principles and elements of design is aligned to the
dresses we must be wearing. Understanding better the principles
and elements of design is a great factor that will contribute a lot to
our personality development. It is a fact that our clothes are worn
for their artistic qualities which make us more attractive and
confident. Clothes are worn to emphasize the good points and hide
the defects or imperfection of our physical trait.

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Principles of Design
1. Proportion

Proportion in design involves the relationship of

one part to another. Uneven space relationships
are more interesting than even ones. In choosing
accessories, proportion should always be
considered. For example, a woman with large
facial features would not choose a small bag or a
small hat which will make her feature even larger,
or vice-versa.

2. Balance
Balance is the feeling of rest and equilibrium.
2 kinds of Balance
a. Formal or Symmetrical Balance is achieved
when two sides of a design are alike on either side of its
vertical center.

b. Informal balance or Asymmetrical Balance

when the structure decoration and accessories are different on both sides
from the center of the design.

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3. Harmony
Harmony is the pleasing combination of hues, values, and intensities.
The color wheel is presented so that you will learn the arrangement and
relationship of colors to the proper dress that is best for your feature.

4. Emphasis
Emphasis means that one part of a design must be
more important than the other parts. The eye should go
first to this part. Good design in dress leads the eye to the
most attractive feature of face or figure.

5. Rhythm
Rhythm is the movement of the eye from one part of the design to other
parts. In clothing, curved lines tend to be more rhythmic than straight lines
because curved repeat the lines of the figure.

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 Rhythm could be depicted through:
a. Repetition could be achieved by
repetition
or regular recurrence of motifs of design,
shapes, buttons, tucks, pleats, laces, edgings,
color, textures, fabric designs etc. This can be
done with all parts having the same shaped
edges.

b. Progression rhythm is also created by

progression or by gradation. Gradation implies
a gradual increase or decrease of similar design
elements. The gradual changes provide
continuity while giving a feeling of movement.
Example: Colors can go from light to dark or
textures from fine to coarse or vice versa,
shapes may range from small to large, and lines may range from thin
to thick.

c. Radiation creates a feeling of movement

indifferent directions. This organized movement
originates from a central point of gathers, folds, tucks,
darts, pleats and lines. Direction of radiation maybe in
a similar or one direction, opposing direction or both
the directions, several directions and all directions.

Elements of design

Design elements have an impact

on how a piece of work is perceived,
executed, and used—and are present
in design regardless of skill, taste, or
style.

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 1. Line
- The basic part of any design is formed by
lines. The eye tends to follow the direction of the
line in a dress design or in the fabric of the dress.
Lines may be horizontal, vertical, straight, curved,
diagonal, radiating, downsweeping, up-sweeping, or
angular, and they are capable of creating
interesting illusions.

a. Horizontal- gives the

impression of shorter and
heavier.
b. Vertical - gives the

impression of height.

2. Form

- Form refers to the shape of an object as determined by line.

In costume design the silhouette is the term used to describe form
which may repeat, may contrast, or be transitional. A design
suggests the contours of the body.
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3. Texture
- The surface quality of a fabric comprises its texture. It
appeals strongly to the sense of touch, whether it is coarse, fine,
smooth, rough, wrinkled, sleek, glossy, slippery.

4. Shape
- Clothes reveal or disguise the natural body contour or
shape. Choosing the right clothing shapes will make the person
more flattering.

Design for Different Figure Types

The following are some of the figure types showing the becoming designs and
unbecoming designs to different figure types.

Figure Type Becoming Designs Unbecoming Designs

Princess lines Clinging styles and
Full-length coats fabrics
Short-Thin Large prints
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 Narrow, matching belts Large accessories
Skirts with knife pleats, Long waistline
easy gores
Delicate, dainty fabrics
One-color costumes

Short-Stout Vertical or diagonal lines Ruffles, bows, frills

Simple designs Full or very straight
Easy-fitting clothes skirts Full
Full-length coats sleeves
Narrow, matching belts Broad collars, wide
lapels
Set-in sleeves
Wide or contrasting
Dull surfaced fabrics
belts
One-color costumes
Bulky or large figured
fabrics
Tall-Thin Contrasting colors in Princess styles
yokes, blouses, and skirts Small accessories
Bulky fabrics, plaids, Shiny, clinging
checks fabrics
Wide belts, patch pockets Vertical stripes
Dolman, push-up, or Long U necklines
fullsleeves
Easy, bloused waistlines
Circular, pleated, or
gathered skirts
Double breasted styles
Full or boxy jackets
Tall-Stout Simple designs, little Frilly clothes
detail Large sleeves
Balance or horizontal and Contrasting and wide
vertical lines belts
Easy fitting, straight and Bulky fabrics
slightly flared skirts
Small accessories
Three-quarter, set-in
sleeves Dull
fabrics
Average Can wear most good designs; specific figure
variations may limit.

Design for Individual Face and Figure Variations

Figure Variation Becoming Designs Unbecoming Designs

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Narrow Hips Full, gathered, or Tight-fitting skirts at
pleated skirts and just above hips

Bulky fabrics

Over blouses

Large Broad shoulders Tight, big belts

Skirts with free and Skirts made of plaids

easy fit and slight or bias stripes
flare
Sleeves with fullness
Bodice bloused at hip line
above waistline
Hips Horizontal detail at
Dark colors below hips
waist
Full skirts of Uneven hem line
moderate length

Light hose

Thin Legs
and Feet

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 Longer skirts with Straps across instep
some fullness
Fancy shoes
Even hem line

Dull hose

Heavy
Legs and
Ankles

Large
Bust Soft fullness over Snug belts
bust
Fussy detail, bows,
V- Neckline pockets

Large accessories Tight, narrow skirts

Straight coats and Sweaters

jackets
Short Waist No definite waistline Contrasting color in
blouse and skirt
Narrow belts
Wide collars
V-shaped necklines
Horizontal trim
Vertical tucks

Low collars

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 Thick Waistline Princess lines Wide or bright belts

Fullness above waist Short skirts

Interest at neckline

Prominent Abdomen Interest above Tight coat or skirt

waistline
Short, open jackets
Two-piece dresses
with peplums
Bias skirt
Straight, fingertip
jacket Bulky belt

Loosely fitted blouse

Decoration at center
Unpressed pleats front of waistline

Sway Back Loosely fitted, Tight-fitting skirts

bodice or dress
slightly bloused Princess lines
above waistline

Long jackets

Two-piece dresses

Dresses with
peplums

5. Color
- is light, and light contains
within itself all the sun’s rays,
and when it is broken into
wavelengths of light, a sensation
is produced, upon the retina of
the eye which is called color. The
eye responds to color the same
as the ear responds to music.
Some colors bring an object
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 nearer, and others make it seem farther away. Colors affect the
emotions that is why sometimes you do not realize what has made you
cheerful, subdued or melancholy. Color is a powerful element in our life.
It has vibration, light and energy which affects us.
Use of Color in Clothes
1. Black, dark tones or deeply grayed colors tend to make the
figure appear smaller or slimmer than bright or light colors.
2. A plain color makes the figure look slimmer than a
combination of contrasting colors. A two-tone effect broken
across the figure makes it look shorter and broader.
3. A very small figure should not wear over large designs in
prints, plaids, or stripes; the person with a large figure should
avoid them as well as a too-dainty design.
4. Contrast and accent should be done with care. A little
accent, perhaps a touch of red on many blue at the throat or
shoulder is smarter than a repeated accent.
Color Schemes
The beauty of any color scheme depends upon how well the colors
harmonize. To harmonize, colors must appear to belong together.
1. Monochromatic color – the easiest color scheme to follow is one
that uses the same color in different values and intensity.
2. Adjacent or Analogous color harmony – near to each other on the
color wheel.
3. Complementary colors – colors that are opposite in the color wheel.
4. Triad – a triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced
around the color wheel.

ACTIVITY 1
Draw a sketch or illustration (in short bond
paper) of their own creation of latest FACE
MASK, sew ,decorate ,wear & make a selfie

Submit your work on September 27,2021

(DATE)
Additional Activity (100pts)
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 Applying the principles and elements of design. Make your own
FACE MASK .
Match it with your favorite clothes and wear the mask and take a selfie.
( Gamitang inyong natun-an sa principles and elements of design . Magbuhat or magdecorate
ug inyohang kaugalingon nga FACE MASK . Ipares kini sa imong paborito nga senena. Suota
kani kauban sa imohang senena nga paborito ug maghulagway gamit imohang selpon ug e
send sa atoang group page or sa facebook messenger . ipasa ang face mask (isulod
sa selopin)sa petsa 27 sa September,2021)

GOOD LUCK and unleash (show) your Creativity…

CRITERIA : Quality -30%
Creativity-40%
Appearance-20%
Speed-10%
Total 100%
facebook account : Melanie-Rafaela-Lorono
facebook Group : JHS-Dressmaking Class
Facebook page: TLE-JHS Manticao National HS

RUBRICS IN ARTWORK /FACEMASKDESIGN

Criteria Points

6 5 4 3 2 1
Directio Every All Many Some Few Directions
ns are direction is directions directions are directions directions have not
followed followed to are followed are are been
the fullest followed followed followed followed
extent
Neatnes Comple- Comple- Comple- Comple- Artwork Artwork
s ted ted ted artwork is ted is is
artwork artwork is neat, with artwork is incomepl incomeplete
is very neat some parts more ete or
exceptionally less neat extremel
messy
neat y messy
than neat
Work Student Student Student Student Student Student did
Habits worked worked worked most worked did not not work
for entire for entire of the period part of the work during the
period with period and and needed period and much period even
superior focus did not few needed during with
and did not need reminde several the several
need reminde rs to stay on reminde period reminde
reminder s to rs to stay task rs to stay and r to stay on
stay on task on task on task needed task
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 several
reminde
rs to stay
on task
Expecta Students has Student Student has Student Student Student has
tions exceeded has fully met most has met has not not met
expectati ons met expectati on some met few expectati on
expectati of expectati expectati of
of his/her
on of his/her ability on of on of his/her
ability level his/her his/her his/her
level ability level
ability ability ability
level level level
Perfect 24 points
Points

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