Communication for

various purposes
 Learning Outcomes
1. Convey ideas through oral, audio-visual, and/or web-
based presentations for different target audiences in
local and global settings using appropriate registers
2. Create clear, coherent, and effective materials
3. Present ideas persuasively using appropriate language
registers, tone, facial expressions, and gestures
4. Adopt awareness of audience and context in
presenting ideas

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 Questions to ask before a presentation:

1. Why am I doing this presentation? Am I going to explain,

argue, persuade, or just simply inform?
2. Who am I presenting to? Who will be the people who will
listen to me or read my work?
3. What is my intended outcome upon completing my
presentation?

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 a.
purposes of
communication

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1. Informative
- the main purpose of informative or expository
communication or writing is to simply convey information factually.
- its goal is to input new learning, enhance prior knowledge,
confirm a concept, alleviate comprehension of an idea, or explain a
process or procedure.

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 Tips in doing an informative presentation

a) Stick to the facts.

b) Avoid repetition.
c) Make it clear.

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2. Persuasive
- in writing, it is pushing across an idea and convincing people
or readers to support the idea you want to convey

Examples:
✘ TV commercials
✘ Periodical advertisements
✘ billboards

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 Tips in doing a persuasive presentation

a) Be objective, but subjective.

b) Use your brain, not your heart.
c) Cite, cite, cite.

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3. Argumentative
- tries to make listeners/readers believe that your idea is
better based on the various reasons that you have at hand
- it is logical and reasoned way to demonstrate one’s point of
view, belief, conclusion, or position

Examples:
✘ Debate
✘ Meetin’ de avance

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 Tips in doing AN argumentative presentation

a) It is a one way debate.

b) Move the reader to action.
c) End with a punch.

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 b.
public speaking

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 WHAT IS PUBLIC SPEAKING?

- Public speaking is a way of making your ideas

public – of sharing them with other people and of
influencing other people.

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 Three major differences between conversation
and public speaking (lucas, 2015):

1. Public speaking is more highly structured.

2. Public speaking requires more formal language.
3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery.

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 Several ways of delivering a speech

1. A read speech or reading from a manuscript is the

word-for-word iteration of a written message.

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 Several ways of delivering a speech

2. The memorized speech is the recitation of a written

message that the speaker has memorized.

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 Several ways of delivering a speech

3. An impromptu speech is not rehearsed. This type of

speaking is a presentation of a short message without prior
preparation

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 Several ways of delivering a speech

4. An extemporaneous speech is the presentation of a planned

and rehearsed speech using minimal notes.

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 Guidelines on writing a speech (Lucas, 2015)

1. Focus on your topic.

2. Develop your topic.
3. Organize your speech.
a) Introduction
b) Body
c) Conclusion

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 Elements for a good delivery
1. Volume
2. Pitch
3. Rate
4. Pauses
5. Vocal variety
6. Pronunciation
7. Articulation
8. Movement
9. Gestures
10. Eye contact
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 6 ways to turn nervousness from a negative force
into a positive force (lucas, 2015)

A. Acquire speaking experience

B. Prepare, prepare, prepare.
C. Think positively.
D. Use the power of visualization.
E. Know that most nervousness is not visible.
F. Do not expect perfection.

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 Pieces of advice (Lucas, 2015)

A. Be at your best physically and mentally.

B. As you are waiting to speak, quietly tighten and relax your leg
muscles, or squeeze your hands together and then release them.
C. Take a couple of slow, deep breaths before you start to speak.
D. Work specially hard on your introduction. Once you get through it,
you will be sailing smoothly the rest of the way.
E. Concentrate on communicating with your audience rather than on
worrying about your stage fright.

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 c.
interview

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 WHAT IS AN INTERVIEW?

- An interview is a two-party interaction in which at

least one party has a specific, serious purpose and that
usually involves the asking and answering questions.

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 Characteristics of an interview:

A. Interviews always involve two parties.

B. Interviewing is always purposeful.
C. There is focus on asking and asnwering questions.

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 Planning an interview (adler, 2012)

1. Define the goal.

2. Identify and analyze the other party/respondent.
3. Prepare a list of topics.
4. Choose the best interview structure.
5. Consider possible questions.
6. Arrange the setting.

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 Conducting an interview (adler, et al., 2012)

A. Open with a greeting and an orientation.

B. Perform several tasks during the question-and-answer phase of
the discussion.
C. Close with a satisfactory conclusion.

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 Guidelines for both the interviewer and
interviewee in the conduct of an interview:
A. Formally inform that you will be conducting or attending an
interview.
B. Being punctual is key in making a good impression.
C. Dress to impress.
D. Always start with a strong handshake.
E. Color your words with kindness.
F. Avoid unnecessary stories.
G. Do not lose eye contact during the interview.
H. The magic word is thank you.
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