SIPRI-Milex-data-2010-2023 (1)

The SIPRI Military Expenditure Database includes data for 173 countries for the period 1949-2023.
The database h
the past only covered the period beginning in 1988. The availability of data over time nonetheless varies considerab
countries that existed at the time have data at least from the 1960s.
For information on the sources and methods for SIPRI data, including methods for calculating calendar year data fr
calculating constant price US$ figures, and for estimating missing data for countries as part of the world and region
https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex/sources-and-methods.
This workbook includes the following worksheets:
1) Estimates of world, regional and subregional totals in constant (2022) US$ (billions).
2) Data for military expenditure by country in current price local currency, presented according to each country's fin
3) Data for military expenditure by country in current price local currency, presented according to calendar year.
4) Data for military expenditure by country in constant price (2022) US$ (millions), presented according to calenda
2023.
5) Data for military expenditure by country in current US$ (millions), presented according to calendar year.
6) Data for military expenditure by country as a share of GDP, presented according to calendar year.
7) Data for military expenditure per capita, in current US$, presented according to calendar year. (1988-2023 only)
8) Data for military expenditure as a percentage of general government expenditure. (1988-2023 only)
9) List of footnotes by country.
The information in this document is the intellectual property of SIPRI. Under SIPRI's "fair use" policy, the data may
commercial purposes, including research, news reporting, comment, the production of educational materials that are
provided that a) SIPRI is cited as the source of the data, with the citation: "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database 20
https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex" and b) no more than 10% of the entire dataset is reproduced.
Any commercial use of the data (whether more or less than 10% of the dataset), or any reproduction of more than 1
specific permission from SIPRI, for which a fee will normally be charged based on the cost of generating the data. C
further information.
For the purpose of the above, 10% of the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database is defined to consist of 3,500 individ
data consists of a figure for military expenditure for one country in one year either in local currency at current price
constant (2022) US$, current US$, or as a share of GDP, in each case together with relevant information contained i
indicators and footnotes for that country and year; or an estimate of a world or regional total in constant (2022) US$
information contained in any bracketing for that figure.
od 1949-2023. The database has been newly extended, having in
nonetheless varies considerably by country. A majority of
lculating calendar year data from financial year data, for

as part of the world and regional totals, see
s).
according to each country's financial year.
according to calendar year.
presented according to calendar year, and in current US$m. for
rding to calendar year.

o calendar year.
lendar year. (1988-2023 only)
(1988-2023 only)
"fair use" policy, the data may be freely used for non-
f educational materials that are not sold commercially, etc.,
itary Expenditure Database 2024,
is reproduced.
y reproduction of more than 10% of the entire dataset, requires

he cost of generating the data. Contact milex@sipri.org for
ined to consist of 3,500 individual units of data, where a unit of

local currency at current prices (financial or calendar year),
elevant information contained in the bracketing, special note
al total in constant (2022) US$ or current US$, together with the
Military expenditure by region in constant US dollars © SIPRI 2023
Figures are in US$ b., at constant 2022 prices and exchange rates, except for the last figure which is in US$ b. at 2023 prices and exchange r
Figures do not always add up to totals because of the conventions of rounding.
Figures in red indicate that more than 10% of the total figure consists of estimates for countries for which data is missing.
The symbol ". ." indicates that data is unavailable, or that the world or regional estimate is considered too uncertain to be reliable.
The symbol "xxx" indicates that none of the countries in the relevant sub-region (Central Asia) were independent at this time.
Notes regarding estimates and regional coverage

1) The temporal coverage varies by region, based on data availability. A meaningful world total is not possible before 1988 due to the lack o
2) All world totals and most regional totals include estimates for at least one country.
3) The estimates exclude certain countries due either to data being missing for too many years to make meaningful estimates, or to an absenc
4) The set of countries excluded from the totals for Africa has changed compared to the previous SIPRI data release in April 2016. Therefore
Region 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
World 1943.7 1948.5 1929.7 1892.8 1883.1 1909.9 1914.8 1934.9 1989.8
Africa 39.3 43.1 42.3 45.6 47.7 44.3 41.7 40.9 38.5
North Africa 11.0 13.8 14.8 16.8 18.0 18.3 18.2 17.7 17.2
sub-Saharan Africa 28.3 29.3 27.5 28.8 29.7 26.0 23.5 23.2 21.4
Americas 1064.4 1052.9 999.1 929.0 877.6 861.4 857.8 856.3 881.3
Central America and the C 6.6 7.1 7.5 8.0 8.2 8.0 8.8 8.3 9.1
North America 1010.3 999.3 943.9 871.3 819.1 803.7 801.6 798.0 821.1
South America 47.5 46.5 47.6 49.7 50.2 49.7 47.4 50.1 51.1
Asia & Oceania 348.7 361.4 378.6 395.9 417.3 443.0 464.9 486.2 505.6
Oceania 25.4 25.0 24.2 23.9 25.8 28.3 31.0 31.1 30.6
South Asia 66.3 67.4 67.4 67.7 71.4 73.1 79.5 84.9 88.8
East Asia 222.1 233.5 249.7 263.3 279.4 297.2 309.7 323.8 341.3
South East Asia 33.6 34.0 35.6 38.9 38.8 42.5 43.0 44.6 43.2
Central Asia 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.8
Europe 352.1 346.8 351.8 346.7 351.1 360.8 374.4 364.0 370.0
Central Europe 21.3 20.8 20.4 20.2 21.6 24.4 24.8 27.0 30.0
Eastern Europe 64.3 69.1 79.5 83.3 89.3 96.2 101.7 84.0 82.5
Western Europe 266.5 257.0 251.8 243.2 240.3 240.3 247.9 253.0 257.5
Middle East 139.2 144.4 158.0 175.7 189.4 200.4 175.9 187.5 194.4
2023 prices and exchange rates.
n to be reliable.
fore 1988 due to the lack of data for the USSR.
l estimates, or to an absence of economic data to enable conversion to constant (2022) US$. These are shown in the column to the right of the data for eac
se in April 2016. Therefore, the estimates for World, Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa have changed.
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 (current prices)

2073.1 2148.9 2163.6 2241.5 2393.6 2443.4
39.2 40.6 41.5 39.5 48.4 51.6
18.2 19.3 19.0 18.4 25.4 28.5
21.0 21.3 22.5 21.1 23.0 23.1
926.1 968.2 957.3 945.8 966.7 1008.6
10.0 12.2 11.9 12.7 12.7 14.7
866.0 906.5 896.9 886.3 907.3 943.2
50.1 49.6 48.5 46.8 46.6 50.7
530.9 549.7 563.7 583.1 608.8 594.6
31.9 33.4 35.2 35.4 35.1 35.5
94.3 94.6 94.6 96.5 98.6 98.2
358.5 373.2 384.2 400.6 425.4 411.3
43.9 46.5 47.6 48.8 48.0 47.8
2.3 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.8
389.3 409.5 419.6 489.1 569.1 588.1
34.5 36.7 37.7 39.3 52.9 61.3
86.9 89.9 91.2 148.9 194.7 181.1
267.9 283.0 290.7 300.9 321.6 345.7
187.7 180.9 181.5 184.1 200.6 200.4
are shown in the column to the right of the data for each region
Omitted countries
Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia
Cuba
Korea, North, Laos, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Yugoslavia
Syria, Yemen, North, Yemen

Military expenditure by country, in local currency, 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
Figures are in local currency at current prices and are for financial years. Countries are grouped by region and subregion.
All figures are expressed in terms of the current currency. In cases where there has been hyperinflation and multiple redenominations of curr
Financial years are always treated as starting in the specified year. For example for countries with an FY of October-September, FY1974 me
Figures in blue are SIPRI estimates. Figures in red indicate highly uncertain data.
". ." = data unavailable. "xxx" = country did not exist or was not independent during all or part of the year in question.
Country Currency Fiscal Year (Jan-Dec if not stated) Notes
Africa
North Africa
Algeria Dinar §4
Libya Dinar ‡§¶16
Morocco Dirhams §17
Tunisia Dinar
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola Kwanzas §‖1
Benin CFA Francs §
Botswana Pula Apr-Mar
Burkina Faso CFA Francs †
Burundi Francs ‡
Cameroon CFA Francs §
Cape Verde Escudos
Central African RepublicCFA Francs 14
Chad CFA Francs §
Congo, DR Francs §15
Congo, Republic CFA Francs §
Cote d'Ivoire CFA Francs 18
Djibouti Francs §
Equatorial Guinea CFA Francs §
Eritrea Nakfa §‖19
Ethiopia Birr Jul-Jun §
Gabon CFA Francs §20
Gambia, The Dalasis ‡§21
Ghana Cedis ‖22
Guinea Francs 23
Guinea-Bissau CFA Francs ‖24
Kenya Shillings Jul-Jun †
Lesotho Maloti Apr-Mar §
Liberia Dollars Till: 2020 Jul-Jun, 2021: Jul-Dec, From 2022: Jan-Dec 25
Madagascar Ariary ‖26
Malawi Kwacha Apr-Mar
Mali CFA Francs ¶
Mauritania Ouguiyas §
Mauritius Rupees †
Mozambique Meticais ‖27
Namibia Dollars Apr-Mar
Niger CFA Francs
Nigeria Naira §28
Rwanda Francs Jul-Jun 29
Senegal CFA Francs §30
Seychelles Rupees †
Sierra Leone Leones 31
Somalia US dollars 32
South Africa Rand Apr-Mar
South Sudan Pounds , 2010: Jan-Dec, 2011: Jan-Jun, From 2012: Jul-Jun 33
Sudan Pounds §‖34
Eswatini Lilangeni Apr-Mar ‡35
Tanzania Shillings Jul-Jun
Togo CFA Francs
Uganda Shillings Jul-Jun
Zambia Kwacha §
Zimbabwe US dollars §‖36
Americas
Central America and the Caribbean
Belize Dollars Apr-Mar
Costa Rica Colones 37
Cuba Pesos §38
Dominican Republic Pesos
El Salvador US dollars 39
Guatemala Quetzales
Haiti Gourdes Oct-Sep §40
Honduras Lempiras 41
Jamaica Dollars Apr-Mar
Mexico Pesos
Nicaragua Córdobas 42
Panama Balboas 43
Trinidad and Tobago Dollars Oct-Sep
North America
Canada Dollars Apr-Mar
United States of AmericaUS dollars 44
South America
Argentina Pesos 5
Bolivia Bolivianos 10
Brazil Reais
Chile Pesos 45
Colombia Pesos 46
Ecuador US dollars 47
Guyana Dollars 48
Paraguay Guaranies 49
Peru New soles 50
Uruguay Pesos
Venezuela Bolívar ‖51
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia Dollars Jul-Jun
Fiji Dollars Till: 2014 Jan-Dec, 2015: Jan-Jul, From 2016: Aug-Jul †68
New Zealand Dollars Jul-Jun
Papua New Guinea Kina ¶69
South Asia
Afghanistan Afghani Mar-Feb 2
Bangladesh Takas Jul-Jun 9
India Rupees Apr-Mar 59
Nepal Rupees Jul-Jun ¶
Pakistan Rupees Jul-Jun 60
Sri Lanka Rupees 61
East Asia
China Yuan 55
Japan Yen Apr-Mar 56
Korea, North Won 57
Korea, South Won 58
Mongolia Tugriks
Taiwan Dollars †¶104
South East Asia
Brunei Dollars Apr-Mar §12
Cambodia Riel
Indonesia Rupiah 62
Laos Kip Oct-Sep §
Malaysia Ringgit 63
Myanmar Kyats It's complicated (see footnote) §¶64
Philippines Pesos 65
Singapore Dollars Apr-Mar
Thailand Baht Oct-Sep §
Timor Leste US dollars §66
Viet Nam Dong §67
Central Asia
Kazakhstan Tenge †
Kyrgyz Republic Som 52
Tajikistan Somoni §
Turkmenistan Manat §53
Uzbekistan Som §54
Europe
Central Europe
Albania Lek §¶3
Bosnia and HerzegovinaMarka †§¶11
Bulgaria Leva †13
Croatia Kunas 70
Czechia Koruny 71
Czechoslovakia Korunas 72
Estonia Euro ‖73
German Democratic Repu
Marks 74
Hungary Forint
Kosovo Euro
Latvia Euro ‖75
Lithuania Euro ‖
North Macedonia Denars †77
Montenegro Euro 76
Poland Zlotys 78
Romania New lei ¶‖
Serbia Dinar 79
Slovakia Euro ‖
Slovenia Euro ‖
Yugoslavia Dinar 80
Eastern Europe
Armenia Drams †6
Azerbaijan Manats ‖7
Belarus Roubles
Georgia Lari †§81
Moldova Lei †¶82
Russia Roubles 83
Ukraine Hryvnias 84
USSR Roubles
Western Europe
Austria Euro
Belgium Euro
Cyprus Euro †§
Denmark Kroner
Finland Euro 85
France Euro 101
Germany Euro
Greece Euro
Iceland Krónur 86
Ireland Euro
Italy Euro 87
Luxembourg Euro 88
Malta Euro †‖
Netherlands Euro
Norway Kroner
Portugal Euro
Spain Euro 89
Sweden Kroner
Switzerland Francs †¶90
United Kingdom Pounds Apr-Mar 91
European Union Euro †¶103
Middle East
Bahrain Dinar 8
Egypt Pounds Jul-Jun §¶
Iran Rial Apr-Mar 92
Iraq Dinar §¶93
Israel Shekels 94
Jordan Dinar †
Kuwait Dinar Apr-Mar 95
Lebanon Pounds §
Oman Rials ‡96
Qatar Riyals §102
Saudi Arabia Riyals 97
Syria Pounds §
Türkiye Liras ‖
United Arab Emirates Dirhams §98
Yemen, North Rials §100
Yemen Riyals §99
ple redenominations of currency, this can mean that figures for earlier years may be only a fraction of a present-day currency unit.
ber-September, FY1974 means October 1974-September 1975.
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
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... ... ... ... ...
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738005000000 752288000000 725205000000 679229000000 647789000000
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3839844592 2799543414 3454124016 3900778663 4325035713
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6155783142 6486367731 7538188389 8931000411 9134836468
15158000000 15931000000 18780000000 21405000000 24048000000
10305504535 15345106238 21939113666 37495528541 35217484115
25250000000 26320000000 24320000000 27110000000 30097000000

96700000 109000000 106000000 107000000 141151000
2486772000 2418714000 2402585000 2359000000 2450171000
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14063000000 15464000000 11486000000 12136000000 16000000000

124942000000 142235000000 156306000000 163603000000 202242000000
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173217000000 193856000000 188202000000 206619000000 249978000000
714416818764 809532888744 916093363882 1016541251005 1118775896577

4790300000000 4868900000000 4761500000000 4792200000000 5028170000000
82600000000 89800000000 99100000000 105300000000 111300000000
32572200000000 34347800000000 35992700000000 37565640000000 39541100000000
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542000000 516000000 513200000 516400000 719500000

702472000000 779879000000 876394000000 980515000000 1122320300000
42392000000000 51202000000000 61305000000000 87707000000000 82217000000000
150300000000 159700000000 172000000000 197000000000 ...
12415000000 14359000000 13922000000 15489000000 16100000000
... 1297000000000 2104000000000 2245000000000 2366000000000
109986000000 117010000000 122408000000 143342000000 137764000000
11061000000 11276000000 11524000000 11751000000 12295500000
153544000000 168319000000 167444000000 180491000000 183820000000
26389000 20530000 33388000 31683000 29624000
49739000000000 55100000000000 70000000000000 78024000000000 90000000000000
221300000000 264500000000 324700000000 388100000000 413300000000

3550190250 3987912100 5054386500 5764163637 6866168263
235400000 328900000 361300000 ... 514600000
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
19321000000 19877000000 19820000000 19022000000 18788000000

324758000 298100000 300400000 291100000 280653000
1230000000 1066000000 1099000000 1196000000 1102000000
741302674 784761563 741768664 724577742 811334528
47705700000 43785200000 43474000000 42053000000 41990000000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
250661486 280000000 340000000 361000000 386000000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
280895000000 295967000000 297650000000 286341000000 281401936000
29128217 36664707 33770491 36601781 40381716
196000000 211700000 199000000 213600000 222900000
246321826 247625116 255676552 267319277 321767841
6044100000 5858900000 5718600000 5869300000 5766800000
56700000 57100000 52700000 48832000 50910000
26505000000 28015000000 29266000000 29317000000 32634218000
6629800000 7255300000 7293230000 8161767000 9014205000
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582959000 478860000 423000000 381658000 366460000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
147600000000 145600000000 152900000000 182100000000 190411000000

1185200000 2432300000 2550300000 2642000000 2688100000
2286600000 3762200000 6731407000 8523087000 8399000000
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226800000 269600000 289100000 336200000 386900000
1783210000000 2063740000000 2512500000000 2812900000000 3250500000000
29595630000 29357537000 33058210349 35060654200 47089612000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
2430000000 2452800000 2480600000 2432000000 2491200000

3960000000 3956000000 4023000000 3964000000 3913000000
360600000 345100000 322600000 289910000 269690000
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39295607709 38932119165 39083206413 39165369456 40049292989
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41442937385 41584070355 41384644400 40651122425 40698090010
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
316900000 388600000 444500000 506700000 554700000

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1411650000 1922775000 3556875000 3370650000 3158100000
6831400000 ... ... ... ...
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108907000000 120291000000 ... ... ...
26526000000 28485000000 31779000000 35082000000 38467000000
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xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
318000000000 344700000000 347000000000 354300000000 368500000000
urrency unit.
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
1047926000000 1118297000000 1118297000000 1118297000000 1230000000000

... ... ... ... ...
31912300000 32631800000 33845182000 34696400000 35531200000
1921400000 2120120000 2072700000 2233100000 2930700000
433216000000 452356000000 508175000000 501224000000 536216000000

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130700000000 183620000000 128640000000 140700000000 137530000000
454915000000 399976000000 428966000000 477265000000 581999000000
... 297650000000 218394000000 162422000000 175760000000
336932000000 357396000000 294517000000 337808000000 314045000000
... ... ... ... ...
81184000000 82567000000 79980000000 83083000000 87095000000
... ... ... ... ...
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591000000 ... ... 552660000 723921000
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13737000000 16951000000 29123000000 24227700000 33088000000
954315744 1262620000 1127030000 1317340000 1227960000
1163800000000 1206500000000 1300900000000 1429300000000 1426000000000
41388000000 48650000000 51915000000 58008000000 99945000000
1074000000000 1103600000000 1400118300000 1644424000000 3154600000000
3215100000 3088700000 3204640000 3955630000 3772700000
376677000 358065000 340522000 420364000 1367347500
39025000 44892700 46518300 46737000 49554200

0 0 0 0 0
2687000000 2807058107 2781951261 2919427182 ...
20634000000 22110500000 25328100000 29396400000 31460400000
247700000 247600000 260900000 294610000 317200000
1932500000 2211300000 2021000000 2053800000 2554500000
420000000 403000000 514000000 1093000000 997000000
6223400000 7595300000 8639200000 8570000000 9624200000
14774500000 17494300000 18764300000 29772100000 37392600000
86671600000 99651800000 95744900000 112327600000 127954900000
2696600000 2433200000 2595500000 2577600000 2527200000
0 0 0 0 0
1435100000 1456400000 1097900000 1201200000 1068400000
23900000000 23474000000 30761000000 29025000000 29949000000

633829639000 639856443000 646752927000 682491400000 734344100000
50621000000 66586000000 90372600000 107976300000 150843600000

4012065820 3589454946 3982184892 4167191948 4101098343
81873500000 84509000000 93120100000 102938300000 102176700000
3029100000000 3247300000000 3479771751396 3556855509043 3646113512000
25025600000000 26527877000000 29529600000000 29962000000000 33346100000000
2597510000 2513200000 2462700000 2549400000 2346000000
9587900000 10683500000 12289000000 12836800000 14019300000
2011900000000 1946100000000 1956024000000 2216200000000 2304900000000
10547546054 8561577692 8704709755 8704369426 9188700000
26505000000 29773000000 33406800000 39075420000 40700400000
56721006697 107844325932 4440000000000 3489538000000000 5391344960000000000
33914000000 37076000000 35167900000 36699000000 38305200000

141543000 148427000 165271000 175703000 161960000
2525088000 2999042000 3027702000 3659466000 4611677000
276400000 247700000 257400000 262200000 304100000
11439000000 12850000000 13055000000 14561000000 18200000000

236643000000 272307000000 251862000000 357254000000 377121000000
3322820000000 3966730000000 4290330000000 4608967000000 5170224000000
33459400000 43188600000 48201200000 45108200000 50270000000
1010647000000 1086228000000 1306085000000 1505362000000 1565642000000
279575377000 253614300000 284427000000 266309000000 278792000000
1223943320381 1320288106530 1423815484450 1538488817315 1660217293105

5119533000000 5040103000000 5054400000000 5458600000000 5561490000000
117400000000 123200000000 129800000000 216600000000 ...
41367300000000 42815830000000 44451230000000 47394900000000 51409100000000
200445600000 206745500000 213484700000 217962300000 250320900000
312800000000 311700000000 319000000000 316800000000 339700000000
537490000 564000000 451790000 492760000 590000000

1322800000000 1551625100000 1857116500000 2198378000000 2416438000000
101693000000000 98249000000000 117578000000000 106680000000000 115351000000000
... ... ... ... ...
17700000000 17300000000 15100000000 13900000000 13515000000
3167900000000 2990570000000 3019000000000 2869750000000 3480050000000
151777000000 158221933000 193375200000 216305000000 220811700000
13103000000 13824000000 14175600000 14306500000 14150000000
192949000000 205400000000 213500000000 220524000000 227127000000
36959000 26217000 25442000 20610000 34400000
99000000000000 110000000000000 113534000000000 126618443446000 ...
453700000000 438500000000 452375000000 516580000000 709870000000

7542277979 8085196111 8360360583 8752930594 8998705612
620500000 661900000 668300000 745100000 788700000
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... 11624000000000 ...
16671000000 16250000000 17199000000 18995000000 21670000000

286066000 279278000 271148000 285127000 288900000
1116000000 1186000000 1255000000 1593000000 3771000000
803902051 755989117 812263587 805362001 880483111
43783000000 47783000000 48892200000 58893400000 66735000000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
418000000 450000000 479000000 521000000 569000000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
316338000000 362798000000 468765000000 436500000000 636566000000
45070721 46962000 51036000 53667000 58688000
254900000 367900000 430000000 601000000 618000000
424900000 574600000 723800000 895000000 977000000
5552800000 5770200000 5532300000 6232800000 8029000000
51299000 55805000 58587000 63852000 66063000
38497096000 36123000000 37706000000 43482800000 45199900000
10337000000 10738000000 14765000000 17181000000 19527000000
78795998000 78923907091 90884270183 83028067397 136981487313
889000000 907000000 935000000 1098000000 1610000000
361376000 406166000 422277000 448605000 511700000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
213811000000 207270000000 214218000000 247895000000 313275000000

2971800000 2228800000 2642100000 2842700000 3152200000
10232330000 14463400000 14508700000 18812700000 18814300000
679700000 745977000 802900000 846100000 875000000
433800000 547300000 571200000 628300000 746900000
4047613000000 4644799000000 3902412000000 3863469000000 4217092000000
76516160000 87510000000 96691140474 129422890647 161789934872
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
2403400000 2609600000 2797100000 2870400000 2980200000

3789000000 3848000000 3932300000 4100700000 4252700000
295660000 267060000 318520000 381600000 414100000
22633000000 24190000000 24961000000 28787000000 29929000000
3065000000 3088000000 3058000000 3181000000 3247000000
41160325178 42834561396 43846125937 43555935731 44766227572
34417908000 36088079000 37683545000 39394226000 43837760000
4344500000 4488200000 4534900000 4877600000 4808200000
0 0 0 0 0
899000000 905700000 913600000 938000000 993900000
20000468000 22635960000 23571999400 24078360000 23563218000
225000000 213000000 288000000 301000000 341000000
46705000 53958870 57251000 56653500 71695000
7815800000 8242400000 8538900000 9416900000 10719000000
46894000000 50397000000 56664000000 61349000000 66318000000
2384000000 2874000000 2424000000 2750000000 2947000000
13694270000 12672470000 14298990000 15100410000 15353500000
45438000000 46491000000 47323000000 49840000000 55213000000
4351000000 4506000000 4557000000 4632300000 4991800000
38789060575 39769000000 40889000000 42174000000 45074000000
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
542200000 566081000 576300000 574400000 585700000

43190000000 47120000000 51569000000 59363000000 66342000000
320159000000000 397579000000000 480524000000000 451908000000000 589199680000000
11211339000000 7056758000000 8781000000000 7487000000000 9056300000000
63966000000 66984000000 70022000000 71452000000 72489000000
1146600000 1256300000 1377200000 1390000000 1442800000
1740700000 2017300000 2064800000 2200000000 2255400000
3375919761312 3929233789296 3679920346955 4184153407931 3800779321882
2896650000 3051375000 2615625000 2908875000 2518875000
... ... ... ... ...
326947000000 238773000000 264000000000 279796000000 245110000000
... ... ... ... ...
42619000000 53853000000 64243000000 94860000000 116143000000
... ... ... ... ...
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
... ... ... ... ...
2020 2021 2022
1230330000000 1230000000000 1300000000000

... ... ...
45865100000 47868000000 50739670000
3241800000 3440000000 3559000000
573920000000 614988000000 747658000000

41329000000 54040000000 68610000000
5706845455 6028400000 5987290000
220074000000 254201000000 350865500000
129200000000 135100000000 207077000000
226332000000 245913000000 259844000000
1091100000 1045590000 1074653000
25521000000 30793400000 26195200000
185800000000 183600000000 206900000000
670325000000 611112000000 749348000000
171710000000 173648000000 165801000000
349400000000 353700000000 378720000000
... ... ...
93441000000 90307000000 97786000000
... ... ...
19602000000 23115000000 84000000000
151620000000 172760000000 173177000000
762103000 817699000 841482000
1375513000 1767100000 2062224000
1993000000000 2406750000000 3887958000000
13906750000 14240890000 15304000000
122366000000 136758000000 135654000000
633500000 518700000 583537500
14412000 22517000 36775000
332778000000 378429000000 405300000000
75204000000 72069000000 122752000000
341752000000 362110000000 362986000000
7468700000 8269800000 8330500000
725000000 820000000 791000000
20002000000 20231200000 17991600000
6100800000 5851400000 6070200000
137117000000 112260000000 151244000000
974910000000 1783120000000 1315710000000
162272000000 168683000000 197220000000
198904000000 268012000000 262573000000
332973000 619087000 343631000
219359000000 281938000000 390110000000
98156600 111029000 113717700
54201300000 48775900000 51601600000
19168900000 36379700000 99206800000
50578000000 136986000000 ...
1276900000 1214120000 1216490000
1705964000000 1799700000000 2071567000000
94335000000 110246000000 209932000000
4165060000000 3445600000000 3377810000000
3878600000 4344800000 5517400000
11866800000 43129020000 112458460000
52882800 53581400 46647200

0 0 0
... ... ...
33257000000 34903800000 41821300000
343900000 351578000 458494000
2646500000 2612800000 3420800000
2988000000 1499200000 1464220000
8420100000 10127000000 11277600000
32289200000 32462000000 34299300000
172868400000 175995200000 202426800000
2730600000 2709500000 3019700000
0 0 0
1401100000 1411600000 1662500000
31289000000 31976000000 33707000000

778397200000 806230200000 860692200000
199750400000 292006900000 565830000000

3523442200 3701714651 2959629038
100953500000 103552900000 106078600000
4157040168740 3946601982407 4065790835740
35290000000000 38113700000000 41124500000000
2356300000 2408810000 2586480000
16000000000 16010600000 18455490000
2465300000000 2485000000000 2551939000000
9269000000 10228724330 10730746227
45811739043 54283876774 53485049893
81449000000000000000 431282000000000000000 3083842126000000000000
41031200000 46129730000 47419437000

143625000 140360000 157787000
4049305000 4167650000 4754223000
324500000 302070000 343800000
22155000000 23217000000 ...

412129000000 413038000000 422603000000
5470715000000 5691771300000 6475380000000
52655000000 53183000000 51725000000
1749521000000 2035325000000 2199892000000
275601000000 302898000000 324398000000
1780532612711 1844823702498 1964343311987

5462090000000 5638390000000 6329800000000
... ... ...
54404800000000 58193000000000 59870500000000
268935300000 276935700000 282037000000
354319000000 389000000000 454600000000
606000000 610200000 597700000

2536700000000 2565900000000 2529600000000
136871000000000 125887000000000 150439000000000
... ... ...
14180000000 15220200000 16158500000
3328690000000 3395980000000 4140000000000
232875000000 273072900000 289958500000
13305300000 15293700000 17020500000
231745000000 214531000000 201666000000
38456000 39222000 44311000
... ... ...
640920000000 687800000000 536920000000

10089008667 22235200000 29646200000
795900000 1013400000 2234800000
... ... ...
... ... ...
21348000000 23072000000 25848000000

287300000 290400000 309700000
1920000000 2109000000 2672000000
860972858 1150308581 1219000000
75500400000 85359900000 93544900000
xxx xxx xxx
630000000 633000000 778000000
xxx xxx xxx
852321000000 730691000000 1212914000000
69276000 67318000 102305000
651000000 696000000 814000000
1030000000 1105000000 1649000000
8303000000 10604000000 12899000000
72746000 77066000 93187000
53473900000 59010200000 68361000000
21437000000 22029000000 24317000000
130762398986 145083861343 192440950108
1796000000 1746000000 1983000000
498000000 645000000 737000000
xxx xxx xxx
308016000000 312193000000 347007000000

3804200000 4595400000 5084760000
21009700000 24149100000 31551700000
889500000 966975000 1051725000
769900000 914400000 901800000
4462125000000 4855157000000 7150000000000
184455207912 186718396189 1343435116952
xxx xxx xxx
3368900000 3548500000 3434900000

4665000000 5276000000 6551000000
424100000 458150000 506300000
31962000000 33161000000 38726000000
3394000000 3240000000 4227500000
46275000000 47900700000 50998435000
46776500000 47787500000 53389040000
5064900000 7018400000 8314900000
0 0 0
1004000000 1072000000 1107000000
28888694000 30638390000 32984208000
373000000 341000000 484809000
75700000 74371000 74449000
11480100000 12173000000 12961400000
68054000000 72483000000 83589000000
2867000000 3283000000 3391000000
15292900000 16526800000 19307000000
57746000000 65028000000 78093913134
5381800000 5013500000 5395700000
45641000000 47925038860 53326454925
xxx xxx 1220000000
528200000 519400000 519374000

76163000000 86001000000 92358800000
821514995000000 1501397629000000 2142635171000000
6766300000000 6909786000000 6837400000000
75049000000 78524000000 78590600000
1459700000 1545500000 1649577000
2089400000 2925300000 2392052000
2896500000000 2886100000000 6630900000000
2343800000 2223800000 2223750000
... 42200000000 56100000000
242094000000 236980000000 265950000000
... ... ...
122750899312 137647039480 178518790758
... ... ...
xxx xxx xxx
... ... ...
2023
2486000000000
...
52573100000
3750000000
854800000000
85473000000
7109900000
501728000000
373670000000
276941000000
1346343000
37839000000
226100000000
1830154000000
172869000000
413788000000
...
98381000000
...
50000000000
160975000000
852351000
3327940000
4356060000000
15341600000
141497000000
640200000
37153000
453500000000
155069000000
476318000000
10069000000
1019000000
24024666667
6291900000
201331000000
1975400000000
208750000000
272346000000
455238000
441380000000
143465000
51124100000
181156000000
...
1260050000
2298698000000
167787000000
3889290000000
7462500000
326238490000
54988300
0
...
49910900000
453700000
3307100000
2256550000
13312900000
35916300000
210365200000
3450000000
0
1545100000
37774000000
916014700000
826649000000
4451108588
114523700000
4595229903890
46630500000000
2726300000
20228300000
2897906000000
11229568446
61694416992
10941524000000000000000
50086351000
167251000
5129000000
348480000
...
485511000000
7042320000000
58845000000
2567100000000
380981000000
2095971833571
7268250000000
...
62628200000000
387788500000
517500000000
605240000
2745575000000
144267000000000
...
17746200000
5600000000000
303255500000
17976600000
197293000000
55111000
...
564260000000
40764933333
1512900000
...
...
40256000000
392300000
3473000000
1332000000
112127500000
xxx
1101000000
xxx
1538908000000
123277000
967519000
2000000000
15200000000
106000000
133634000000
25651000000
231423180253
2465000000
840000000
xxx
520520000000
6054840000
37337400000
1321080000
1697200000
9300000000000
2382451228053
xxx
4081900000
7061800000
524700000
56169000000
6801368000
56740720000
61855000000
7154700000
0
1174770000
32885714000
613206000
104257000
15388000000
91586000000
3909000000
21936010000
93200000000
5674700000
62735911525
934000000
520300000
101638100000
3193360349000000
6957075000000
101428320000
1739669763
2380527000
20838300000000
2250000000
...
284300000000
...
369113451834
...
xxx
...
Military expenditure by country, in local currency, 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
Figures are in local currency at current prices and are for calendar years, unless otherwise stated. Countries are grouped by region and subreg
All figures are expressed in terms of the current currency. In cases where there has been hyperinflation and multiple redenominations of curr
Country Currency Notes 2010 2011
Africa
North Africa
Algeria Dinar §4 421866000000 631076000000
Libya Dinar ‡§¶16 ... ...
Morocco Dirhams §17 26605000000 27042000000
Tunisia Dinar 817600000 1006900000
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola Kwanzas §‖1 321743000000 341875000000
Benin CFA Francs § ... ...
Botswana Pula 2368750000 2484500000
Burkina Faso CFA Francs † 61266000000 65519000000
Burundi Francs ‡ ... ...
Cameroon CFA Francs § 175355000000 163963000000
Cape Verde Escudos 686000000 774000000
Central African RepublicCFA Francs 14 25549000000 23534000000
Chad CFA Francs § 305000000000 287700000000
Congo, DR Francs §15 166400000000 219563000000
Congo, Republic CFA Francs § 108164000000 ...
Cote d'Ivoire CFA Francs 18 192015000000 168612000000
Djibouti Francs § ... ...
Equatorial Guinea CFA Francs § ... ...
Eritrea Nakfa §‖19 ... ...
Ethiopia Birr § 4375000000 5618000000
Gabon CFA Francs §20 133100000000 125500000000
Gambia, The Dalasis ‡§21 ... ...
Ghana Cedis ‖22 175272000 354268000
Guinea Francs 23 ... ...
Guinea-Bissau CFA Francs ‖24 8484000000 8267000000
Kenya Shillings † 49287000000 57432000000
Lesotho Maloti § 517325000 422375000
Liberia Dollars 25 8982000 12540500
Madagascar Ariary ‖26 118966000000 145788000000
Malawi Kwacha 7521975000 8264750000
Mali CFA Francs ¶ 72700000000 76000000000
Mauritania Ouguiyas § 0 0
Mauritius Rupees † 457900000 502700000
Mozambique Meticais ‖27 3368500000 3455300000
Namibia Dollars 2903150000 3220975000
Niger CFA Francs 33129000000 39612000000
Nigeria Naira §28 299108000000 369045000000
Rwanda Francs 29 43451666667 45253500000
Senegal CFA Francs §30 96942000000 108619000000
Seychelles Rupees † 86376000 107872000
Sierra Leone Leones 31 99700000000 110800000000
Somalia US dollars 32 ... ...
South Africa Rand 30662500000 33358750000
South Sudan Pounds 33 1501000000 3146533333
Sudan Pounds §‖34 ... ...
Eswatini Lilangeni ‡35 747000000 774250000
Tanzania Shillings 398436000000 483386000000
Togo CFA Francs 28148000000 27849000000
Uganda Shillings 1325450000000 1531650000000
Zambia Kwacha § 1344100000 1502500000
Zimbabwe US dollars §‖36 98293000 198438000
Americas
Belize Dollars 30674500 30832500
Costa Rica Colones 37 0 0
Cuba Pesos §38 2140100000 2128000000
Dominican Republic Pesos 13238500000 13326000000
El Salvador US dollars 39 201000000 220700000
Guatemala Quetzales 1368200000 1537100000
Haiti Gourdes §40 0 0
Honduras Lempiras 41 3215700000 3790200000
Jamaica Dollars 10077375000 11478550000
Mexico Pesos 60514200000 68309000000
Nicaragua Córdobas 42 945500000 1153800000
Panama Balboas 43 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago Dollars 912100000 936275000
North America
Canada Dollars 19898250000 21169750000
United States of AmericaUS dollars 44 738005000000 752288000000
South America
Argentina Pesos 5 13541000000 16654000000
Bolivia Bolivianos 10 3839844592 2799543414
Brazil Reais 59819000000 61788000000
Chile Pesos 45 2497200000000 2750500000000
Colombia Pesos 46 19787000000000 19048000000000
Ecuador US dollars 47 2094000000 2453700000
Guyana Dollars 48 6328000000 6613600000
Paraguay Guaranies 49 968900000000 1195000000000
Peru New soles 50 6155783142 6486367731
Uruguay Pesos 15158000000 15931000000
Venezuela Bolívar ‖51 10305504535 15345106238
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia Dollars 25311000000 25785000000
Fiji Dollars †68 96700000 109000000
New Zealand Dollars 2438301500 2452743000
Papua New Guinea Kina ¶69 126000000 152200000
South Asia
Afghanistan Afghani 2 13849666667 15230500000
Bangladesh Takas 9 113154000000 133588500000
India Rupees 59 2107522500000 2316435000000
Nepal Rupees ¶ 18651000000 21060000000
Pakistan Rupees 60 509000000000 600500000000
Sri Lanka Rupees 61 173217000000 193856000000
East Asia
China Yuan 55 714416818764 809532888744
Japan Yen 56 4797650000000 4849250000000
Korea, North Won 57 82600000000 89800000000
Korea, South Won 58 32572200000000 34347800000000
Mongolia Tugriks 74442500000 110300000000
Taiwan Dollars †¶104 287700000000 294588000000
South East Asia
Brunei Dollars §12 532750000 522500000
Cambodia Riel 702472000000 779879000000
Indonesia Rupiah 62 42392000000000 51202000000000
Laos Kip § 126825000000 152650000000
Malaysia Ringgit 63 12415000000 14359000000
Myanmar Kyats §¶64 ... ...
Philippines Pesos 65 109986000000 117010000000
Singapore Dollars 11056500000 11222250000
Thailand Baht § 164560000000 157237750000
Timor Leste US dollars §66 26389000 20530000
Viet Nam Dong §67 49739000000000 55100000000000
Central Asia
Kazakhstan Tenge † 221300000000 264500000000
Kyrgyz Republic Som 52 3550190250 3987912100
Tajikistan Somoni § 235400000 328900000
Turkmenistan Manat §53 ... ...
Uzbekistan Som §54 ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania Lek §¶3 19321000000 19877000000
Bosnia and HerzegovinaMarka †§¶11 324758000 298100000
Bulgaria Leva †13 1230000000 1066000000
Croatia Kunas 70 741302674 784761563
Czechia Koruny 71 47705700000 43785200000
Czechoslovakia Korunas 72 xxx xxx
Estonia Euro ‖73 250661486 280000000
Marks 74 xxx xxx
Hungary Forint 280895000000 295967000000
Kosovo Euro 29128217 36664707
Latvia Euro ‖75 196000000 211700000
Lithuania Euro ‖ 246321826 247625116
North Macedonia Denars †77 6044100000 5858900000
Montenegro Euro 76 56700000 57100000
Poland Zlotys 78 26505000000 28015000000
Romania New lei ¶‖ 6629800000 7255300000
Serbia Dinar 79 67806000000 72377000000
Slovakia Euro ‖ 859000000 766000000
Slovenia Euro ‖ 582959000 478860000
Yugoslavia Dinar 80 xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia Drams †6 147600000000 145600000000
Azerbaijan Manats ‖7 1185200000 2432300000
Belarus Roubles 2286600000 3762200000
Georgia Lari †§81 809500000 790596841
Moldova Lei †¶82 226800000 269600000
Russia Roubles 83 1783210000000 2063740000000
Ukraine Hryvnias 84 29595630000 29357537000
USSR Roubles xxx xxx
Western Europe
Austria Euro 2430000000 2452800000
Belgium Euro 3960000000 3956000000
Cyprus Euro †§ 360600000 345100000
Denmark Kroner 25328000000 24259000000
Finland Euro 85 2806638554 2949000000
France Euro 101 39295607709 38932119165
Germany Euro 32486502000 32488383000
Greece Euro 6163900000 5128000000
Iceland Krónur 86 0 0
Ireland Euro 962100000 935400000
Italy Euro 87 24177160000 24334920000
Luxembourg Euro 88 187000000 167000000
Malta Euro †‖ 44343000 40207000
Netherlands Euro 8472000000 8379000000
Norway Kroner 39279000000 40534000000
Portugal Euro 2673000000 2627000000
Spain Euro 89 14882530000 14168010000
Sweden Kroner 42423000000 41070000000
Switzerland Francs †¶90 4292000000 4417000000
United Kingdom Pounds 91 41405937706 41548787113
European Union Euro †¶103 xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain Dinar 8 316900000 388600000
Egypt Pounds §¶ 24777500000 26484000000
Iran Rial 92 139060000000000 151576000000000
Iraq Dinar §¶93 4390900000000 5006000000000
Israel Shekels 94 51878999900 54029999900
Jordan Dinar † 1106100000 1132300000
Kuwait Dinar 95 1242500000 1488500000
Lebanon Pounds § 2390000000000 2452000000000
Oman Rials ‡96 1411650000 1922775000
Qatar Riyals §102 6831400000 ...
Saudi Arabia Riyals 97 169667000000 181991000000
Syria Pounds § 108907000000 120291000000
Türkiye Liras ‖ 26526000000 28485000000
United Arab Emirates Dirhams §98 64286000000 70445000000
Yemen, North Rials §100 xxx xxx
Yemen Riyals §99 318000000000 344700000000
© SIPRI 2023
ated. Countries are grouped by region and subregion.
erinflation and multiple redenominations of currency, this can mean that figures for earlier years may be only a fraction of a present-day currency unit.
art of the year in question.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
723123000000 806509000000 955926000000 1047926000000 1118297000000

3769100000 5041500000 4778700000 ... ...
29360000000 34173000000 34034000000 31912300000 32631800000
1064000000 1233700000 1542100000 1921400000 2120120000
395680000000 587869000000 673000000000 433216000000 452356000000

39935000000 42489000000 45976000000 53760490000 47187000000
2490500000 2573750000 3108250000 3885750000 5607750000
75420000000 82078000000 87594000000 87496000000 88625000000
85060000000 94642000000 96169000000 104004000000 109850000000
180955000000 194079000000 198522000000 209264000000 229727000000
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Military expenditure by country, in constant (2022) US$ m., 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
Figures are in US $m., at constant 2022 prices and exchange rates
Country Notes 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Africa
North Africa
Algeria §4 5390.3 7714.5 8117.9 8768.7 10098.6 10565.0
Libya ‡§¶16 ... ... 2682.7 3498.0 3236.5 ...
Morocco §17 3168.3 3191.4 3421.0 3908.3 3875.2 3577.9
Tunisia 498.9 595.2 601.2 661.9 790.8 943.4
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola §‖1 4946.7 4631.7 4861.0 6639.4 7085.0 4170.6
Benin § ... ... 68.7 72.8 79.2 92.4
Botswana 350.1 338.5 315.6 308.0 356.3 432.2
Burkina Faso † 128.5 133.7 148.3 160.5 171.7 170.3
Burundi ‡ ... ... 81.0 83.5 81.3 83.3
Cameroon § 371.3 337.3 362.3 380.7 382.4 392.6
Cape Verde 8.0 8.6 9.1 8.7 9.0 9.5
Central African Republic 14 69.6 63.4 55.7 56.5 39.4 32.3
Chad § 631.2 583.5 ... 675.6 359.1 231.8
Congo, DR §15 270.2 309.1 392.4 438.4 396.9 567.7
Congo, Republic § 230.8 ... ... 346.1 659.2 ...
Cote d'Ivoire 18 385.7 322.8 393.3 391.4 472.7 610.3
Djibouti § ... ... ... ... ... ...
Equatorial Guinea § ... ... ... ... 154.3 149.7
Eritrea §‖19 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ethiopia § 555.4 535.2 500.2 501.4 547.0 560.7
Gabon §20 279.5 260.2 286.8 280.2 197.5 194.1
Gambia, The ‡§21 ... ... 13.0 12.8 19.7 17.9
Ghana ‖22 86.1 160.0 246.0 181.2 242.4 193.9
Guinea 23 ... ... 346.5 356.9 341.6 366.6
Guinea-Bissau ‖24 17.3 16.1 23.8 20.2 20.3 19.0
Kenya † 956.1 977.1 1104.6 1090.5 991.4 1069.9
Lesotho § 59.4 46.2 45.0 45.5 48.3 50.8
Liberia 25 34.7 45.3 51.0 46.2 41.2 38.6
Madagascar ‖26 63.3 70.9 69.3 68.9 68.9 65.9
Malawi 48.3 49.3 56.5 88.6 65.6 52.0
Mali ¶ 145.0 147.3 139.8 140.7 197.8 330.7
Mauritania § 0.0 0.0 161.5 159.3 155.6 148.3
Mauritius † 15.9 16.4 15.7 21.6 17.8 17.4
Mozambique ‖27 122.1 113.5 126.9 146.7 164.4 157.9
Namibia 314.8 332.7 327.5 345.0 507.4 556.3
Niger 64.7 75.1 143.5 96.7 134.1 ...
Nigeria §28 2976.5 3313.7 2919.1 2806.0 2551.4 2488.8
Rwanda 29 81.5 82.4 80.9 83.1 94.4 110.9
Senegal §30 195.2 211.5 192.8 223.0 228.6 244.6
Seychelles † 10.2 12.4 14.6 17.1 40.0 23.5
Sierra Leone 31 27.6 28.7 31.4 31.6 48.6 41.1
Somalia 32 ... ... ... ... ... ...
South Africa 3441.7 3566.1 3727.0 3800.6 3804.6 3835.0
South Sudan 33 3058.6 4366.1 2779.7 2763.7 3602.8 2893.3
Sudan §‖34 ... ... ... ... ... 3111.2
Eswatini ‡35 86.7 84.7 74.7 79.0 79.4 80.4
Tanzania 358.9 386.3 392.3 453.2 504.9 586.9
Togo 58.5 55.9 62.9 68.7 78.8 77.4
Uganda 715.9 709.7 362.4 304.3 322.0 357.3
Zambia § 264.3 277.6 309.1 333.5 410.3 439.0
Zimbabwe §‖36 56.0 109.3 168.9 186.3 192.7 202.0
Americas
Belize 17.9 17.7 17.2 20.0 22.2 22.2
Costa Rica 37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cuba §38 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Dominican Republic 389.1 370.2 417.5 409.6 472.9 507.7
El Salvador 39 247.1 258.0 257.8 270.9 263.8 281.4
Guatemala 290.2 307.0 338.2 361.9 338.7 336.6
Haiti §40 0.0 0.0 ... 5.8 6.9 7.8
Honduras 41 231.7 255.8 262.4 316.9 284.3 346.8
Jamaica 131.2 138.9 138.3 133.3 128.7 133.6
Mexico 5021.6 5481.7 5803.3 6138.9 6413.1 6023.1
Nicaragua 42 51.6 58.2 77.7 81.0 87.6 107.5
Panama 43 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Trinidad and Tobago 209.0 204.1 216.5 258.0 217.3 221.0
North America
Canada 19855.1 20526.1 19518.3 18042.4 18336.7 21067.3
United States of America 44 990485.4 978757.0 924392.1 853289.0 800801.3 782616.3
South America
Argentina 5 4404.5 4341.3 4287.8 4804.3 4970.2 4922.1
Bolivia 10 854.8 567.2 669.5 715.1 749.6 668.3
Brazil 23687.0 22944.1 23385.2 23512.5 23982.7 23426.9
Chile 45 4529.7 4827.8 4531.1 4584.9 4652.5 4640.6
Colombia 46 7659.6 7130.1 7632.0 8310.5 8195.9 8238.5
Ecuador 47 2684.1 3010.5 3023.2 3109.1 3056.9 2740.9
Guyana 48 39.6 39.4 39.9 41.2 45.9 54.8
Paraguay 49 227.0 258.6 296.4 326.1 344.1 377.6
Peru 50 2410.7 2457.3 2756.3 3177.6 3142.9 3509.7
Uruguay 963.1 936.4 1021.2 1072.0 1106.2 1121.9
Venezuela ‖51 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.5
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia 23257.2 22935.0 22131.2 21939.0 23811.0 26247.0
Fiji †68 59.5 62.6 58.8 57.7 75.7 47.3
New Zealand 2001.6 1935.5 1882.3 1838.2 1834.0 1891.8
Papua New Guinea ¶69 64.2 74.3 107.6 105.0 117.0 110.3
South Asia
Afghanistan 2 269.9 265.5 199.0 183.4 223.7 178.9
Bangladesh 9 2615.4 2771.9 2915.9 2905.8 3105.9 3508.7
India 59 55097.3 55603.6 55321.5 55358.1 58055.4 58606.9
Nepal ¶ 330.0 341.1 323.6 354.7 400.9 385.0
Pakistan 60 6538.5 6892.6 7309.5 7560.5 7952.3 8638.3
Sri Lanka 61 1415.3 1484.3 1339.9 1376.0 1613.4 1738.9
East Asia
China 55 140076.0 150373.9 165824.1 179306.7 193619.1 208818.9
Japan 56 39394.1 39926.6 39442.5 39279.4 39699.9 40397.4
Korea, North 57 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Korea, South 58 31457.3 31888.3 32700.3 33690.9 35016.2 36376.5
Mongolia 71.3 97.4 119.1 110.2 119.0 118.1
Taiwan †¶104 11103.9 11209.7 11604.6 10959.4 10895.8 11483.5
South East Asia
Brunei §12 411.6 403.1 396.1 395.8 514.4 450.7
Cambodia 249.5 262.6 286.7 311.6 343.4 399.9
Indonesia 62 4656.7 5338.6 6129.6 8241.0 7260.8 8443.5
Laos § 16.2 18.1 18.5 19.1 ... ...
Malaysia 63 3590.8 4025.3 3838.9 4182.9 4215.4 4538.9
Myanmar §¶64 ... ... 2969.2 3265.0 3288.3 3816.7
Philippines 65 2946.6 2993.5 3039.6 3469.8 3219.0 3522.7
Singapore 9944.2 9590.0 9366.3 9335.9 9608.7 10248.4
Thailand § 5664.0 5213.4 5410.4 5376.8 5605.0 5805.0
Timor Leste §66 43.1 29.5 42.9 36.7 34.0 42.2
Viet Nam §67 3768.6 3517.7 4096.4 4283.6 4747.2 5189.1
Central Asia
Kazakhstan † 1198.4 1321.0 1543.0 1742.5 1739.0 1789.7
Kyrgyz Republic 52 89.0 85.7 105.7 113.1 125.2 129.2
Tajikistan § 50.0 62.2 64.5 ... 82.5 94.1
Turkmenistan §53 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uzbekistan §54 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania §¶3 225.2 224.0 218.9 206.1 200.3 174.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina †§¶11 204.5 181.1 178.8 173.4 168.7 173.8
Bulgaria †13 916.7 762.3 763.3 823.4 769.6 780.2
Croatia 70 974.3 1008.4 921.8 880.9 988.5 984.0
Czechia 71 2933.5 2641.8 2539.5 2421.7 2409.8 2504.9
Czechoslovakia 72 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Estonia ‖73 400.6 426.2 498.0 514.4 550.6 599.2
German Democratic Repub
74 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Hungary 1142.0 1157.8 1102.1 1042.1 1026.5 1154.6
Kosovo 41.8 49.0 44.1 46.9 51.5 57.8
Latvia ‖75 292.5 302.7 278.2 298.7 309.8 353.7
Lithuania ‖ 388.9 375.5 376.1 389.1 467.9 623.4
North Macedonia †77 139.6 130.2 123.0 122.9 121.1 116.9
Montenegro 76 80.2 78.1 69.2 62.7 65.9 65.3
Poland 78 8434.9 8552.9 8627.6 8557.8 9520.9 11330.5
Romania ¶‖ 2148.1 2222.1 2161.6 2326.3 2542.2 2932.6
Serbia 79 1035.3 994.3 961.2 931.0 940.1 904.8
Slovakia ‖ 1235.7 1060.3 1060.8 960.5 991.6 1176.1
Slovenia ‖ 754.8 609.1 524.4 464.9 445.5 441.7
Yugoslavia 80 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia †6 514.9 471.9 483.2 544.0 552.3 597.9
Azerbaijan ‖7 1364.8 2596.8 2694.1 2725.1 2735.1 2906.7
Belarus 541.9 581.9 653.9 699.8 583.8 626.5
Georgia †§81 478.0 430.1 446.1 405.7 393.0 350.0
Moldova †¶82 28.0 30.9 31.7 35.3 38.6 39.5
Russia 83 57907.7 61801.3 71606.2 75095.8 80481.9 86743.3
Ukraine 84 3450.5 3170.5 3550.0 3774.1 4522.9 4942.4
USSR xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Western Europe
Austria 3412.3 3334.8 3290.8 3163.0 3188.8 3049.1
Belgium 5516.8 5323.2 5263.9 5129.6 5046.5 4859.3
Cyprus †§ 429.0 397.5 362.9 327.4 308.8 345.8
Denmark 4352.6 4056.9 4183.7 3837.4 3668.8 3630.5
Finland 85 3640.7 3699.0 3744.3 3767.9 3574.4 3654.6
France 101 48876.2 47422.7 46694.2 46391.7 47199.1 48490.3
Germany 42536.2 41673.8 42864.6 41280.1 41329.0 42038.6
Greece 7244.0 5832.4 5158.5 4817.0 4777.8 5066.7
Iceland 86 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ireland 1186.2 1124.5 1065.0 1059.2 1055.4 1058.5
Italy 87 30965.0 30323.9 28030.2 26956.8 24885.3 23828.8
Luxembourg 88 248.8 214.9 209.3 216.8 232.6 274.1
Malta †‖ 57.4 50.5 47.7 49.1 51.5 55.9
Netherlands 11813.5 11416.5 10727.7 9992.1 10006.0 9981.8
Norway 5449.3 5552.1 5653.2 5784.5 6035.2 5991.3
Portugal 3395.7 3219.7 2821.5 2922.0 2698.8 2829.3
Spain 89 19345.9 17846.7 18049.0 15746.2 15723.1 16712.9
Sweden 5158.2 4850.0 4951.4 4980.2 5276.3 5333.0
Switzerland †¶90 4595.8 4718.7 4632.2 5029.4 4556.7 4745.8
United Kingdom 91 68233.0 65926.2 64095.5 61752.2 60648.1 58316.7
European Union †¶103 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain 8 1007.1 1240.0 1380.3 1523.2 1624.4 1559.0
Egypt §¶ 4688.9 4553.6 4430.7 4392.2 4794.6 5083.0
Iran 92 7615.9 6573.1 6843.4 5511.1 5494.9 5842.5
Iraq §¶93 4028.4 4340.9 3947.2 7278.1 6335.2 8677.0
Israel 94 17607.3 17720.9 18063.5 18627.4 20053.9 20335.1
Jordan † 2073.9 2038.2 1801.0 1685.5 1755.9 1847.0
Kuwait 95 5638.5 6443.0 6972.5 6596.9 6584.0 6631.4
Lebanon § 1309.4 1279.8 1297.2 1363.3 1569.6 1608.8
Oman ‡96 4312.3 5645.4 10144.2 9513.7 8823.5 8087.8
Qatar §102 2255.7 ... ... ... ... ...
Saudi Arabia 97 58525.7 59320.6 67134.6 76920.5 90665.4 96710.1
Syria § ... ... ... ... ... ...
Türkiye ‖ 8688.7 8763.2 8978.3 9220.5 9287.8 9557.2
United Arab Emirates §98 21440.8 23290.6 22947.2 28110.2 26526.2 ...
Yemen, North §100 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Yemen §99 9755.8 8846.1 8104.0 7456.6 7174.0 ...
23 © SIPRI 2023
ear in question.
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
10596.6 10035.5 9624.5 10383.2 10141.1 9455.1 9145.8 16052.1

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3599.7 3705.6 3731.5 3809.7 4883.2 5026.0 4995.0 4868.7
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43862.9 45121.0 46366.2 50860.8 54191.9 53715.8 56153.1 61187.4
5277.9 5273.7 5636.9 5542.7 5912.4 8093.7 8745.4 7227.5
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1066.3 1071.9 1095.2 1149.7 1165.3 1215.5 1164.3 1175.0
26994.2 27769.8 28047.3 27280.5 33492.3 34867.4 34691.9 32634.8
258.8 343.9 354.0 394.2 427.7 381.4 509.9 625.2
64.1 67.1 65.7 81.8 85.8 83.0 78.3 103.6
10493.4 10722.7 11627.2 12895.3 13637.4 14083.7 13632.4 15560.1
6218.1 6862.6 7230.1 7649.9 7750.4 7976.9 8697.8 9005.2
3390.2 2820.8 3168.7 3384.2 3292.8 3723.4 3566.6 3904.2
15497.3 17150.9 17813.7 17986.5 17973.5 18840.9 20306.6 22293.2
5403.4 5403.2 5581.5 6074.9 6322.1 6968.6 7722.5 8620.0
4936.3 4965.6 5000.9 5369.5 5831.3 5400.8 5652.3 5817.0
58113.4 58219.6 58657.8 61094.4 62064.9 63008.2 64081.6 69153.2
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx 1283.2 923.6
1583.6 1590.1 1552.4 1567.2 1446.9 1431.5 1381.3 1370.1

4788.8 4040.8 3970.3 4121.8 4448.2 4811.0 4645.9 4091.2
6707.4 7546.7 6384.6 5516.0 5811.3 7068.1 7334.0 7375.6
5431.4 6746.0 5730.9 6945.9 5159.9 4969.1 4683.1 4523.3
21412.7 22325.9 22602.4 22737.2 23685.7 24413.7 23406.1 28956.8
2039.5 2163.9 2090.7 2153.7 2171.7 2268.8 2323.3 2386.1
7251.8 7479.4 7849.5 8034.8 7480.9 9220.5 8244.1 7522.5
1887.8 1715.4 1838.8 1601.5 660.2 258.2 218.7 194.7
8426.3 7109.4 7837.4 6777.6 6364.0 5946.2 5783.5 5790.9
... ... ... ... ... 12112.2 15412.1 ...
69196.9 77154.4 79809.0 71410.0 68182.2 64758.1 70920.0 73983.9
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
11205.2 12026.7 15265.2 16227.4 15275.0 14322.0 10779.9 14744.3
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Military expenditure by country, in millions of US$ at current prices and exchange rates, 2010
Figures are in US $m., in current prices, converted at the exchange rate for the given year.
Country Notes 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Africa
North Africa
Algeria §4 5671.3 8652.2 9326.3 10161.6 9724.4 10412.7 10217.1
Libya ‡§¶16 ... ... 2987.4 3964.7 3755.7 ... ...
Morocco §17 3160.8 3342.7 3402.7 4065.6 4048.6 3268.4 3327.0
Tunisia 571.2 715.2 681.2 759.4 908.4 979.3 987.7
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola §‖1 3500.8 3639.5 4144.6 6090.8 6846.2 3608.3 2764.1
Benin § ... ... 78.2 86.0 93.0 90.9 79.6
Botswana 348.7 363.3 326.9 306.4 346.3 383.7 514.5
Burkina Faso † 123.7 138.9 147.7 166.1 177.2 147.9 149.5
Burundi ‡ ... ... 59.0 60.9 62.2 66.2 66.5
Cameroon § 354.1 347.5 354.4 392.8 401.5 353.8 387.4
Cape Verde 8.2 9.8 9.7 9.8 10.0 8.9 10.2
Central African Republic 14 51.6 49.9 42.7 47.9 38.4 26.7 26.8
Chad § 615.8 609.7 ... 726.5 392.4 221.0 309.6
Congo, DR §15 183.7 238.8 332.5 374.5 341.2 491.3 395.7
Congo, Republic § 218.4 ... ... 367.1 704.9 ... 501.8
Cote d'Ivoire 18 387.7 357.3 407.6 430.0 521.3 569.7 602.5
Djibouti § ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Equatorial Guinea § ... ... ... ... 166.5 137.3 139.2
Eritrea §‖19 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ethiopia § 303.6 332.4 366.5 345.1 414.5 442.5 490.2
Gabon §20 268.7 266.0 278.1 282.2 208.1 170.4 202.8
Gambia, The ‡§21 ... ... 11.2 10.4 14.6 14.3 ...
Ghana ‖22 122.5 234.3 337.3 255.0 252.7 190.5 161.8
Guinea 23 ... ... 168.9 196.8 196.9 221.4 161.9
Guinea-Bissau ‖24 17.1 17.5 24.5 21.7 21.5 17.0 15.7
Kenya † 622.0 646.7 840.1 860.6 819.0 843.7 933.1
Lesotho § 70.7 58.2 53.2 47.9 47.7 44.0 41.5
Liberia 25 9.0 12.5 15.2 15.1 14.5 14.8 14.7
Madagascar ‖26 56.9 72.0 68.6 71.9 69.7 58.9 59.4
Malawi 50.0 52.8 46.2 62.9 49.5 40.8 35.7
Mali ¶ 146.8 161.1 148.9 153.8 218.1 309.2 362.4
Mauritania § 0.0 0.0 142.3 144.2 144.8 132.9 136.1
Mauritius † 14.9 17.5 16.7 23.2 19.7 17.1 22.0
Mozambique ‖27 99.2 118.9 139.1 157.9 173.8 134.0 110.5
Namibia 396.5 443.6 412.2 390.0 537.5 518.2 425.4
Niger 66.9 83.9 148.9 106.1 145.6 ... 166.2
Nigeria §28 1990.1 2384.9 2316.5 2418.8 2357.7 2065.6 1723.2
Rwanda 29 74.5 75.4 79.8 82.5 90.9 103.6 107.3
Senegal §30 195.7 230.2 196.7 236.7 239.9 214.8 304.8
Seychelles † 7.2 8.7 9.9 13.8 30.9 18.1 21.9
Sierra Leone 31 25.1 25.5 29.8 31.7 48.8 39.2 37.4
Somalia 32 ... ... ... 26.1 60.3 46.6 47.7
South Africa 4188.2 4594.2 4489.6 4118.2 3892.5 3488.9 3139.3
South Sudan 33 650.9 1052.7 988.2 982.0 1301.5 1151.9 135.3
Sudan §‖34 ... ... ... ... ... 2279.6 2748.5
Eswatini ‡35 102.0 106.6 90.6 86.0 81.4 73.5 80.5
Tanzania 282.7 307.5 359.7 443.4 507.3 517.1 544.2
Togo 56.8 59.0 62.9 72.4 83.1 70.0 82.0
Uganda 608.7 607.1 351.8 300.1 325.7 306.1 318.6
Zambia § 280.2 309.1 346.3 381.3 443.6 372.4 299.5
Zimbabwe §‖36 98.3 198.4 318.3 356.7 368.1 376.7 358.1
Americas
Belize 15.3 15.4 15.2 17.8 19.9 19.7 21.7
Costa Rica 37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cuba §38 94.3 93.7 126.9 119.4 125.6 118.4 123.7
Dominican Republic 354.9 348.6 396.2 383.4 437.6 458.0 479.7
El Salvador 39 201.0 220.7 224.3 237.5 233.9 247.7 247.6
Guatemala 169.8 197.4 224.4 249.8 245.7 252.5 290.9
Haiti §40 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.5 5.3 5.6 6.6
Honduras 41 170.2 200.4 209.7 254.1 241.9 288.1 334.2
Jamaica 115.6 133.6 137.6 128.4 121.3 123.9 137.6
Mexico 4789.0 5498.5 5717.0 6473.1 6758.7 5468.8 5336.9
Nicaragua 42 44.3 51.5 70.1 74.5 81.4 98.9 85.1
Panama 43 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Trinidad and Tobago 143.1 146.1 168.8 211.2 188.9 202.1 216.3
North America
Canada 19315.7 21393.7 20452.1 18515.7 17853.6 17937.6 17782.8
United States of America44 738005.0 752288.0 725205.0 679229.0 647789.0 633829.6 639856.4
South America
Argentina 5 3475.3 4051.9 4563.2 5138.0 4979.4 5482.6 4509.6
Bolivia 10 547.2 403.6 499.9 564.5 625.9 580.6 519.3
Brazil 34002.9 36936.2 33987.0 32874.8 32660.2 24617.7 24224.7
Chile 45 4894.1 5686.8 5466.1 5529.9 5102.8 4630.8 4796.0
Colombia 46 10422.1 10306.6 11706.3 12503.8 11846.0 9127.2 8676.0
Ecuador 47 2094.0 2453.7 2589.8 2735.8 2786.5 2597.5 2513.2
Guyana 48 31.1 32.4 33.5 35.2 39.3 46.4 51.6
Paraguay 49 204.6 285.1 320.9 371.2 398.4 386.5 343.2
Peru 50 2178.9 2355.2 2858.0 3305.5 3217.6 3312.2 2536.1
Uruguay 755.7 824.8 924.6 1045.1 1034.5 969.9 988.2
Venezuela ‖51 3991.2 3577.5 5114.8 6199.7 1554.7 320.5 218.2
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia 23217.7 26597.2 26216.6 24825.3 25783.7 24046.2 26382.9
Fiji †68 50.4 60.8 59.2 58.1 74.8 42.6 54.4
New Zealand 1756.9 1937.7 1953.1 1952.4 1994.8 1734.8 1921.8
Papua New Guinea ¶69 46.3 64.2 110.6 105.1 112.4 99.8 79.1
South Asia
Afghanistan 2 298.1 325.8 238.6 217.2 268.2 199.5 185.9
Bangladesh 9 1624.6 1801.5 1823.4 2048.0 2356.0 2815.3 3239.8
India 59 46090.4 49633.8 47216.9 47403.5 50914.1 51295.5 56637.6
Nepal ¶ 255.0 284.5 256.7 281.0 328.1 323.8 356.5
Pakistan 60 5974.6 6954.8 7478.8 7655.7 8676.5 9506.4 10004.7
Sri Lanka 61 1532.0 1753.3 1474.9 1600.8 1914.6 2057.9 1741.5
East Asia
China 55 105522.6 125286.4 145127.6 164070.5 182109.2 196538.8 198538.4
Japan 56 54655.5 60762.2 60011.5 49023.9 46903.5 42106.1 46471.3
Korea, North 57 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 869.6 912.6
Korea, South 58 28175.2 30991.7 31951.8 34311.2 37552.3 36570.8 36885.3
Mongolia 54.9 87.2 113.6 103.5 105.1 101.7 96.4
Taiwan †¶104 9092.3 9998.2 10496.8 9964.3 9802.4 9803.3 9663.7
South East Asia
Brunei §12 390.7 415.4 411.3 412.1 527.8 424.0 403.4
Cambodia 167.9 192.2 217.3 243.5 278.0 325.2 382.2
Indonesia 62 4663.4 5838.0 6531.1 8384.0 6929.2 7595.0 7396.6
Laos § 15.4 19.0 20.3 22.7 ... ... ...
Malaysia 63 3854.3 4692.5 4507.3 4915.7 4919.2 4532.1 4169.4
Myanmar §¶64 ... ... 2969.2 2367.0 2372.9 2552.4 2455.8
Philippines 65 2438.2 2701.5 2898.7 3377.0 3103.1 3335.6 3331.5
Singapore 8108.9 8922.3 9171.9 9345.7 9596.6 9383.8 9873.3
Thailand § 5193.5 5156.7 5408.1 5555.7 5582.6 5434.0 5554.4
Timor Leste §66 26.4 20.5 33.4 31.7 29.6 37.0 26.2
Viet Nam §67 2672.3 2686.5 3360.9 3727.2 4255.7 4562.6 5017.4
Central Asia
Kazakhstan † 1501.8 1804.0 2177.5 2551.1 2306.5 2046.2 1281.1
Kyrgyz Republic 52 77.2 86.4 107.5 119.0 128.0 117.0 115.6
Tajikistan § 53.8 71.3 76.3 ... 104.3 100.7 84.6
Turkmenistan §53 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uzbekistan §54 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania §¶3 185.9 197.0 183.2 180.0 178.1 132.4 130.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina†§¶11 219.9 211.9 197.3 197.6 190.4 162.2 157.9
Bulgaria †13 832.5 757.9 722.1 811.6 747.5 632.5 670.6
Croatia 70 981.8 1090.9 953.1 962.1 1076.4 891.5 836.0
Czechia 71 2497.9 2474.3 2220.6 2148.8 2022.9 1779.9 1954.9
Czechoslovakia 72 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Estonia ‖73 332.2 389.2 436.9 479.3 512.1 463.6 497.7
74 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Hungary 1350.8 1472.1 1322.3 1280.1 1209.8 1132.5 1288.7
Kosovo 38.6 51.0 43.4 48.6 53.6 50.0 51.9
Latvia ‖75 259.7 296.8 255.7 283.6 295.7 282.7 404.6
Lithuania ‖ 326.3 344.6 328.6 354.9 426.9 471.2 635.4
North Macedonia †77 130.0 132.5 119.4 126.5 124.2 100.0 103.5
Montenegro 76 75.1 79.4 67.7 64.8 67.5 56.9 61.7
Poland 78 8790.2 9455.4 8986.8 9275.7 10345.2 10212.8 9164.2
Romania ¶‖ 2086.2 2379.9 2102.9 2452.5 2691.5 2580.6 2644.2
Serbia 79 872.3 987.0 853.6 919.8 913.4 724.2 709.5
Slovakia ‖ 1137.7 1064.8 1020.2 967.9 997.7 985.9 1003.0
Slovenia ‖ 772.1 665.7 543.5 506.7 486.2 400.8 449.2
Yugoslavia 80 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia †6 395.0 390.9 380.6 444.6 457.8 447.4 431.4
Azerbaijan ‖7 1476.6 3080.1 3246.1 3367.6 3427.2 2900.6 1397.0
Belarus 767.7 756.3 807.4 959.8 821.5 642.5 719.6
Georgia †§81 454.2 468.8 492.0 441.9 415.6 299.5 315.2
Moldova †¶82 18.3 23.0 23.9 26.7 27.6 23.1 27.4
Russia 83 58720.2 70237.5 81469.4 88352.9 84696.5 66421.8 69245.3
Ukraine 84 3729.5 3684.6 4136.9 4386.4 3961.6 3502.7 3423.3
USSR xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Western Europe
Austria 3218.4 3409.7 3187.2 3229.1 3305.2 2665.4 2885.9
Belgium 5244.7 5499.4 5169.0 5263.2 5191.5 4202.1 4255.5
Cyprus †§ 477.6 479.7 414.5 384.9 357.8 327.9 295.4
Denmark 4503.5 4518.6 4422.5 4216.6 4056.9 3364.0 3592.7
Finland 85 3717.2 4099.5 3943.2 4161.1 3985.5 3399.1 3415.0
France 101 52044.1 54120.9 50216.5 52001.5 53134.8 45647.5 47370.6
Germany 43025.9 45163.2 43798.2 44242.6 44662.8 38170.0 39909.7
Greece 8163.6 7128.6 5915.0 5655.2 5531.3 4818.1 4963.5
Iceland 86 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ireland 1274.2 1300.3 1157.5 1195.8 1192.7 997.0 1001.6
Italy 87 32020.8 33828.8 29781.0 29957.4 27701.0 22180.8 25033.0
Luxembourg 88 247.7 232.2 214.6 233.7 252.1 249.5 235.6
Malta †‖ 58.7 55.9 49.9 53.8 56.5 51.8 59.7
Netherlands 11220.5 11647.9 10364.7 10226.3 10332.6 8667.8 9115.2
Norway 6498.7 7232.3 7144.0 7391.8 7336.8 5815.2 5997.4
Portugal 3540.2 3651.9 3040.0 3262.3 3002.4 2643.9 3178.3
Spain 89 19710.8 19695.4 18860.6 17243.0 17178.5 15187.2 14014.4
Sweden 5885.9 6324.7 6243.7 6528.7 6555.5 5386.9 5427.5
Switzerland †¶90 4115.4 4973.9 4592.2 5032.9 4612.8 4521.1 4571.3
United Kingdom 91 63979.1 66569.6 65452.5 63837.7 66995.5 59990.2 53327.4
European Union †¶103 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain 8 842.8 1033.5 1182.2 1347.6 1475.3 1442.0 1505.5
Egypt §¶ 4407.3 4464.0 4557.7 4359.8 5085.1 5475.5 4513.0
Iran 92 13561.3 14277.7 16494.0 11997.2 9901.1 10588.8 12264.0
Iraq §¶93 3752.9 4278.6 4141.1 7780.2 6923.6 9604.2 5970.4
Israel 94 13875.2 15100.1 14524.4 16247.8 17737.4 16457.1 17434.6
Jordan † 1557.9 1594.8 1472.8 1444.9 1548.9 1614.9 1769.4
Kuwait 95 4335.2 5393.5 5941.5 5697.9 5832.1 5735.1 6446.7
Lebanon § 1585.4 1626.5 1757.2 1935.7 2270.1 2239.4 2606.5
Oman ‡96 3671.4 5000.7 9250.7 8766.3 8213.5 7533.6 7936.0
Qatar §102 1876.8 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saudi Arabia 97 45244.5 48530.9 56497.9 67020.0 80762.4 87185.9 63672.8
Syria § 2346.0 2494.9 ... ... ... ... ...
Türkiye ‖ 17650.5 17006.5 17694.3 18427.6 17576.5 15668.7 17827.7
United Arab Emirates §98 17504.7 19181.8 19024.1 23561.1 22755.1 ... ...
Yemen, North §100 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Yemen §99 1448.2 1612.3 1618.8 1648.8 1714.8 ... ...
change rates, 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
10073.4 9583.7 10303.6 9708.3 9112.5 9145.8 18264.0

... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3461.5 3696.9 3721.3 4831.0 5378.4 4995.0 5184.9
858.9 844.2 1000.9 1157.4 1250.5 1156.2 1208.2
3062.9 1983.6 1470.9 993.6 981.5 1622.8 1270.2

116.1 90.2 68.1 71.8 97.4 110.0 140.8
522.4 498.1 514.7 499.0 536.6 485.1 511.9
191.1 305.8 357.9 382.5 458.3 562.6 826.4
63.9 65.4 84.7 67.5 68.4 101.4 147.3
408.2 429.9 422.3 393.3 443.3 416.6 456.1
9.4 10.7 9.7 11.3 11.2 10.3 13.2
27.5 30.5 40.8 44.3 55.5 42.0 62.3
219.1 253.2 234.7 322.9 331.0 331.7 372.4
295.2 295.3 352.7 362.1 306.1 371.1 794.2
371.9 292.3 300.0 298.4 313.1 265.8 284.7
501.6 607.8 536.0 607.2 637.7 607.2 681.5
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
136.2 149.5 148.6 162.4 162.8 156.8 162.0
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
513.8 517.0 536.0 504.1 487.8 1031.4 1226.5
267.4 261.2 266.9 263.5 311.5 277.7 265.1
... 11.5 14.5 14.8 15.9 15.2 13.8
189.1 218.4 233.3 239.9 298.3 229.3 285.4
181.6 197.1 197.8 207.0 244.6 441.3 504.5
19.0 21.2 22.6 24.2 25.7 24.5 25.3
1015.4 1113.6 1116.9 1115.3 1191.0 1155.2 999.5
52.6 51.1 44.8 38.6 37.0 34.7 34.0
13.3 13.2 12.9 12.9 29.7 36.8 37.2
66.9 73.3 76.6 87.4 99.2 98.1 102.1
47.4 58.4 85.2 98.9 92.6 117.5 135.3
460.2 481.7 475.6 593.9 652.9 582.0 784.5
143.8 159.0 162.4 198.5 230.9 225.4 277.2
22.6 23.0 22.1 18.5 20.2 17.9 22.5
129.3 196.5 217.5 288.3 310.0 281.9 376.4
456.1 455.6 414.1 368.2 400.2 367.6 338.2
200.2 229.6 247.6 238.3 202.4 242.5 331.6
1621.2 2043.1 1860.3 2567.9 4466.4 3109.4 3191.9
115.7 119.0 124.1 147.9 167.8 176.4 178.6
305.4 385.1 356.8 345.6 483.2 421.0 448.6
22.3 21.6 23.5 19.4 40.1 25.2 35.9
39.6 29.6 27.4 22.4 27.3 28.0 22.4
61.8 76.6 71.7 98.2 111.0 113.7 143.5
3591.5 3622.9 3435.4 3231.0 3392.8 3110.1 2781.1
72.4 149.1 186.5 128.9 213.2 520.4 1076.2
4383.0 1047.9 722.3 934.3 375.2 ... ...
87.8 95.9 86.5 76.8 83.2 74.3 67.8
562.7 600.0 618.9 676.4 759.5 832.2 905.1
88.4 104.4 170.6 163.9 198.8 336.6 276.3
346.8 408.4 647.6 984.8 1066.6 924.8 976.7
339.7 378.0 292.1 212.1 217.6 326.1 377.2
340.5 420.4 546.9 242.2 473.9 332.7 870.4
23.1 23.3 24.4 26.0 26.7 24.2 26.5

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
122.6 128.6 ... ... ... ... ...
533.1 593.7 613.3 599.1 611.5 760.8 893.2
260.9 294.6 317.2 343.9 351.6 458.5 453.7
275.0 273.1 331.9 342.8 337.7 441.4 422.3
6.5 9.7 11.8 15.8 29.2 12.7 11.7
367.9 358.5 392.6 341.2 420.8 458.3 539.8
143.5 209.7 266.0 236.9 217.6 220.5 230.6
5062.1 5839.5 6650.8 8044.9 8680.8 10065.3 11825.9
86.7 81.6 76.9 79.3 77.9 84.2 94.4
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
201.8 166.0 172.5 170.2 210.7 217.2 240.7
22269.7 22729.3 22394.9 23082.8 25362.2 25567.9 27221.5

646752.9 682491.4 734344.1 778397.2 806230.2 860692.2 916014.7
5459.6 3842.9 3132.7 2830.9 3073.4 4338.3 3121.9

574.1 602.9 593.2 510.5 536.2 429.4 644.3
29261.8 28177.4 25906.9 19591.2 19187.1 20542.1 22887.5
5370.0 5545.8 5182.2 5246.2 5194.1 4649.3 5491.7
10018.0 10134.7 10167.5 9554.1 10180.1 9661.0 10701.1
2462.7 2549.4 2346.0 2356.3 2408.8 2586.5 2726.3
59.5 61.7 67.2 76.5 76.5 88.2 96.2
348.2 386.6 375.8 364.3 372.6 365.7 397.9
2665.8 2648.7 2766.8 2653.6 2657.5 2799.2 3000.8
1165.7 1271.1 1154.9 1091.5 1258.2 1297.9 1590.1
2127.9 763.6 4.1 2.6 2.0 4.6 3.9
27691.1 26839.8 26079.3 27300.9 32718.1 32445.3 32340.0

75.3 81.4 79.0 71.2 68.7 67.4 72.5
2145.3 2302.3 2726.2 2810.2 2905.6 2829.1 3029.0
80.9 80.0 91.7 93.5 87.8 97.5 97.0
191.4 198.1 226.3 279.6 278.3 ... ...

3266.0 3649.6 4348.5 4651.2 4849.9 4473.8 4208.0
64559.4 66257.8 71468.9 72937.1 76348.5 79976.8 83574.6
436.7 429.4 428.7 434.4 453.3 417.5 418.9
11378.2 11537.4 10223.1 10241.0 11649.4 10358.1 8521.2
1866.5 1638.9 1560.1 1486.4 1539.7 1002.0 1165.8
210443.0 232530.6 240332.6 257973.4 285930.5 291958.4 296438.6

45058.5 48535.9 50778.0 51396.5 50957.5 46880.2 50161.1
961.5 1604.4 ... ... ... ... ...
39170.7 43070.0 44102.2 46117.1 50873.8 46365.4 47925.6
87.5 88.3 95.5 102.5 105.7 107.5 147.8
10480.0 10504.8 10993.2 12029.6 13932.7 15261.4 16612.8
346.7 357.7 414.7 436.5 453.3 435.9 448.9

458.3 543.2 595.4 621.3 630.4 618.7 668.0
8797.5 7493.7 8154.2 9387.0 8802.5 10133.9 9480.8
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3494.8 3445.0 3265.3 3374.6 3675.5 3673.8 3899.1
2222.0 1529.4 1532.1 2498.2 2642.7 2489.9 2493.5
3836.5 4107.4 4268.1 4693.1 5546.1 5321.9 5451.7
10178.7 10581.9 10402.6 9801.6 11017.6 12034.0 13200.7
6090.8 6662.0 7091.2 7295.7 7123.1 6031.0 5765.8
25.4 20.6 34.4 38.5 39.2 44.3 55.1
5073.9 5500.0 ... ... ... ... ...
1390.6 1498.4 1853.5 1548.2 1617.8 1163.1 1236.3

121.5 127.1 128.9 131.1 262.7 352.1 464.6
78.3 81.4 82.8 77.5 90.0 203.9 139.5
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... 1440.4 ... ... ... ... ...
144.4 175.9 197.2 196.6 222.8 228.7 397.6

156.3 172.1 165.4 167.5 175.6 166.5 216.7
720.0 961.3 2158.6 1119.0 1275.2 1436.9 1918.4
911.4 950.6 985.8 981.4 1360.3 1282.1 1439.1
2077.7 2710.0 2910.3 3252.5 3935.6 4005.4 5056.3
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
537.4 614.9 637.0 718.1 748.6 818.3 1189.5
1702.6 1615.6 2190.6 2768.4 2409.6 3256.8 4355.5
57.3 63.3 65.7 79.0 79.6 107.6 133.2
482.5 709.4 691.9 742.0 823.1 856.1 1045.3
812.1 1056.4 1093.8 1174.1 1306.8 1734.4 2160.8
100.8 119.6 146.1 153.5 205.6 220.2 266.6
65.7 75.4 74.0 82.9 91.1 98.0 114.5
9870.7 12040.7 11786.2 13718.3 15295.5 15341.3 31649.9
3622.1 4359.0 4613.0 5052.3 5300.5 5188.0 5610.7
832.9 828.8 1305.0 1267.5 1465.7 1723.5 2135.8
1049.1 1296.0 1802.5 2047.2 2064.8 2085.7 2663.1
473.8 529.5 572.9 567.7 762.8 775.2 907.5
443.6 513.3 652.0 634.0 619.4 795.2 1329.5

1528.9 1672.2 1854.2 2237.8 2703.2 2991.0 3561.7
748.8 923.3 899.7 861.1 951.2 1105.2 1403.1
321.1 333.9 310.6 287.9 300.5 360.3 504.6
30.9 37.4 43.0 44.5 52.3 47.7 93.4
66913.0 61609.2 65201.3 61712.5 65907.7 102366.6 109454.4
3647.6 4750.2 6262.4 6838.8 6898.1 41183.9 64753.2
3153.1 3388.0 3336.5 3840.1 4196.4 3612.7 4410.0

4432.8 4840.1 4761.2 5317.5 6239.4 6890.2 7629.4
359.1 450.4 463.6 483.4 541.8 532.5 566.9
3764.0 4558.7 4487.8 4887.2 5273.7 5475.0 8144.9
3431.1 3754.6 3635.2 3868.7 3831.6 4446.4 7348.0
49195.7 51409.8 50118.9 52747.1 56647.0 53638.7 61301.3
42281.1 46497.7 49079.4 53318.7 56513.1 56153.1 66826.6
5088.2 5757.1 5383.1 5773.3 8299.9 8745.4 7729.8
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1025.1 1107.1 1112.7 1144.4 1267.7 1164.3 1269.2
26447.9 28420.1 26380.7 32929.1 36232.7 34691.9 35528.9
323.1 355.3 381.8 425.2 403.3 509.9 662.5
64.2 66.9 80.3 86.3 88.0 78.3 112.6
9580.7 11114.9 12000.7 13085.7 14395.7 13632.4 16624.8
6853.3 7541.1 7542.1 7225.2 8435.1 8697.8 8668.6
2719.7 3245.9 3299.4 3268.0 3882.5 3566.6 4223.2
16043.5 17823.3 17189.3 17431.8 19544.5 20306.6 23699.1
5526.6 5732.8 5839.6 6271.3 7582.6 7722.5 8754.9
4628.4 4736.8 5021.9 5731.4 5485.2 5652.3 6293.4
52075.0 55832.9 56567.6 58332.4 65136.2 64081.6 74942.8
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx 1283.2 1009.1
1532.7 1527.7 1557.7 1404.8 1381.4 1381.3 1383.8

2765.6 3119.6 3743.7 4505.4 5165.4 4645.9 3164.6
13931.2 11230.9 4837.9 3335.7 5680.0 7334.0 10283.1
7416.4 6318.0 7598.8 5649.4 4771.0 4683.1 5108.4
19357.0 19899.8 20339.2 21816.6 24341.0 23406.1 27498.5
1939.7 1957.7 2032.1 2055.9 2176.8 2323.3 2450.2
6764.6 7165.3 7373.5 6941.0 9024.3 8244.1 7755.0
2441.1 2775.6 2326.1 432.0 171.6 218.7 241.3
6802.7 7565.3 6551.0 6095.7 5783.6 5783.5 5851.8
... ... ... ... 11593.4 15412.1 ...
70400.0 74612.3 65362.7 64558.4 63194.7 70920.0 75813.3
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
17822.7 19648.7 20436.9 17478.4 15567.4 10779.9 15827.9
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Military expenditure by country as percentage of gross domestic product, 2010-2023 © SIPR
Countries are grouped by region and subregion
Country Notes 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Africa
North Africa
Algeria §4 3.52% 4.33% 4.46% 4.84% 5.55% 6.27% 6.38%
Libya ‡§¶16 ... ... 3.75% 7.64% 15.48% ... ...
Morocco §17 3.39% 3.30% 3.46% 3.81% 3.40% 2.96% 2.98%
Tunisia 1.24% 1.49% 1.44% 1.56% 1.81% 2.14% 2.22%
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola §‖1 4.18% 3.26% 3.24% 4.46% 4.70% 3.11% 2.73%
Benin § ... ... 0.70% 0.69% 0.70% 0.80% 0.67%
Botswana 2.76% 2.40% 2.34% 2.15% 2.21% 2.83% 3.41%
Burkina Faso † 1.22% 1.15% 1.18% 1.24% 1.27% 1.25% 1.17%
Burundi ‡ ... ... 2.53% 2.48% 2.30% 2.13% 2.24%
Cameroon § 1.29% 1.14% 1.18% 1.17% 1.10% 1.10% 1.15%
Cape Verde 0.45% 0.48% 0.51% 0.48% 0.49% 0.51% 0.55%
Central African Republic 14 2.41% 2.05% 1.70% 2.83% 2.03% 1.58% 1.47%
Chad § 5.76% 5.01% ... 5.59% 2.81% 2.02% 3.04%
Congo, DR §15 0.85% 0.92% 1.13% 1.15% 0.95% 1.30% 1.07%
Congo, Republic § 1.66% ... ... 2.04% 3.94% ... 4.59%
Cote d'Ivoire 18 1.13% 1.01% 1.10% 1.00% 1.07% 1.24% 1.26%
Djibouti § ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Equatorial Guinea § ... ... ... ... 0.77% 1.04% 1.24%
Eritrea §‖19 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ethiopia § 1.15% 1.09% 0.87% 0.81% 0.77% 0.71% 0.68%
Gabon §20 1.87% 1.46% 1.62% 1.60% 1.14% 1.19% 1.45%
Gambia, The ‡§21 ... ... 0.79% 0.74% 1.21% 1.04% ...
Ghana ‖22 0.28% 0.44% 0.59% 0.40% 0.48% 0.39% 0.29%
Guinea 23 ... ... 2.25% 2.39% 2.28% 2.56% 1.92%
Guinea-Bissau ‖24 1.82% 1.52% 2.33% 1.96% 1.89% 1.48% 1.26%
Kenya † 1.37% 1.38% 1.49% 1.40% 1.20% 1.20% 1.25%
Lesotho § 3.16% 2.26% 2.15% 2.03% 1.95% 1.87% 1.96%
Liberia 25 0.82% 1.06% 1.18% 1.08% 1.03% 1.05% 1.06%
Madagascar ‖26 0.57% 0.62% 0.59% 0.58% 0.56% 0.52% 0.50%
Malawi 0.72% 0.66% 0.77% 0.81% 0.58% 0.45% 0.45%
Mali ¶ 1.37% 1.24% 1.20% 1.16% 1.52% 2.36% 2.59%
Mauritania § ... ... 2.11% 2.00% 2.20% 2.16% 2.15%
Mauritius † 0.15% 0.15% 0.14% 0.19% 0.15% 0.14% 0.17%
Mozambique ‖27 0.89% 0.83% 0.85% 0.93% 0.98% 0.84% 0.93%
Namibia 3.51% 3.57% 3.17% 3.21% 4.33% 4.53% 3.97%
Niger 0.88% 0.98% 1.62% 1.05% 1.34% ... 1.60%
Nigeria §28 0.54% 0.58% 0.50% 0.47% 0.41% 0.42% 0.43%
Rwanda 29 1.22% 1.09% 1.04% 1.05% 1.10% 1.21% 1.24%
Senegal §30 1.22% 1.29% 1.11% 1.25% 1.21% 1.21% 1.60%
Seychelles † 0.74% 0.86% 0.94% 1.04% 2.23% 1.28% 1.47%
Sierra Leone 31 0.97% 0.87% 0.78% 0.64% 0.97% 0.92% 1.12%
Somalia 32 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
South Africa 1.00% 1.00% 1.03% 1.03% 1.02% 1.01% 0.97%
South Sudan 33 4.14% 6.09% 8.77% 6.57% 8.46% 8.91% 4.01%
Sudan §‖34 ... ... ... ... ... 2.71% 2.28%
Eswatini ‡35 2.37% 2.22% 1.91% 1.95% 1.82% 1.75% 2.07%
Tanzania 0.90% 0.90% 0.91% 0.97% 1.02% 1.09% 1.09%
Togo 1.66% 1.53% 1.62% 1.68% 1.82% 1.67% 1.84%
Uganda 2.46% 2.54% 1.17% 1.34% 0.89% 1.04% 1.04%
Zambia § 1.38% 1.26% 1.39% 1.43% 1.66% 1.79% 1.45%
Zimbabwe §‖36 0.82% 1.41% 1.86% 1.87% 1.89% 1.89% 1.74%
Americas
Belize 0.88% 0.85% 0.80% 0.88% 0.93% 0.89% 0.96%
Costa Rica 37 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cuba §38 3.33% 3.08% 3.94% 3.51% 3.54% 3.08% 3.07%
Dominican Republic 0.67% 0.60% 0.65% 0.61% 0.65% 0.64% 0.63%
El Salvador 39 1.09% 1.09% 1.05% 1.08% 1.04% 1.06% 1.02%
Guatemala 0.44% 0.46% 0.48% 0.47% 0.42% 0.41% 0.44%
Haiti §40 ... ... ... 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05%
Honduras 41 1.07% 1.13% 1.13% 1.38% 1.19% 1.35% 1.53%
Jamaica 0.87% 0.93% 0.93% 0.90% 0.87% 0.87% 0.95%
Mexico 0.43% 0.45% 0.46% 0.49% 0.50% 0.45% 0.48%
Nicaragua 42 0.51% 0.53% 0.67% 0.68% 0.69% 0.78% 0.64%
Panama 43 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Trinidad and Tobago 0.64% 0.57% 0.64% 0.76% 0.66% 0.78% 0.95%
North America
Canada 1.19% 1.19% 1.12% 1.00% 0.99% 1.15% 1.16%
United States of America44 4.90% 4.82% 4.46% 4.02% 3.68% 3.46% 3.40%
South America
Argentina 5 0.81% 0.76% 0.78% 0.84% 0.88% 0.85% 0.81%
Bolivia 10 2.79% 1.68% 1.85% 1.84% 1.90% 1.76% 1.53%
Brazil 1.54% 1.41% 1.38% 1.33% 1.33% 1.37% 1.35%
Chile 45 2.25% 2.26% 2.05% 1.99% 1.97% 1.91% 1.92%
Colombia 46 3.64% 3.08% 3.16% 3.27% 3.11% 3.11% 3.07%
Ecuador 47 3.01% 3.10% 2.95% 2.88% 2.74% 2.62% 2.51%
Guyana 48 0.91% 0.88% 0.83% 0.84% 0.95% 1.08% 1.15%
Paraguay 49 0.75% 0.84% 0.96% 0.96% 0.99% 1.07% 0.95%
Peru 50 1.48% 1.37% 1.48% 1.64% 1.60% 1.75% 1.32%
Uruguay 1.88% 1.72% 1.80% 1.82% 1.81% 1.82% 1.72%
Venezuela ‖51 1.01% 1.13% 1.34% 1.67% 1.16% 0.94% 0.45%
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia 1.85% 1.76% 1.67% 1.64% 1.77% 1.95% 2.09%
Fiji †68 1.61% 1.61% 1.49% 1.39% 1.54% 0.91% 1.10%
New Zealand 1.21% 1.16% 1.12% 1.04% 1.00% 0.99% 1.04%
Papua New Guinea ¶69 0.33% 0.36% 0.52% 0.49% 0.48% 0.46% 0.38%
South Asia
Afghanistan 2 1.95% 1.82% 1.18% 1.08% 1.30% 0.99% 0.96%
Bangladesh 9 1.18% 1.22% 1.18% 1.11% 1.14% 1.21% 1.23%
India 59 2.89% 2.70% 2.62% 2.55% 2.54% 2.46% 2.54%
Nepal ¶ 1.37% 1.35% 1.26% 1.37% 1.50% 1.40% 1.49%
Pakistan 60 3.04% 2.92% 3.10% 3.09% 3.10% 3.16% 3.20%
Sri Lanka 61 2.70% 2.69% 2.16% 2.15% 2.41% 2.42% 1.98%
East Asia
China 55 1.73% 1.66% 1.70% 1.71% 1.74% 1.78% 1.77%
Japan 56 0.95% 0.97% 0.96% 0.94% 0.96% 0.95% 0.93%
Korea, North 57 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Korea, South 58 2.46% 2.47% 2.50% 2.50% 2.53% 2.49% 2.46%
Mongolia 0.76% 0.84% 0.92% 0.82% 0.86% 0.88% 0.86%
Taiwan †¶104 2.04% 2.06% 2.12% 1.94% 1.85% 1.87% 1.82%
South East Asia
Brunei §12 2.85% 2.24% 2.16% 2.28% 3.09% 3.28% 3.54%
Cambodia 1.49% 1.50% 1.55% 1.58% 1.66% 1.80% 1.91%
Indonesia 62 0.62% 0.65% 0.71% 0.92% 0.78% 0.88% 0.79%
Laos § 0.20% 0.21% 0.20% 0.19% ... ... ...
Malaysia 63 1.49% 1.55% 1.41% 1.50% 1.46% 1.50% 1.38%
Myanmar §¶64 ... ... 3.85% 4.00% 3.79% 4.30% 4.09%
Philippines 65 1.17% 1.15% 1.11% 1.19% 1.04% 1.09% 1.05%
Singapore 3.38% 3.19% 3.11% 3.04% 3.05% 3.05% 3.10%
Thailand § 1.52% 1.39% 1.39% 1.35% 1.38% 1.34% 1.32%
Timor Leste §66 2.99% 1.97% 2.88% 2.27% 2.05% 2.32% 1.59%
Viet Nam §67 1.82% 1.56% 1.72% 1.74% 1.82% 1.91% 1.95%
Central Asia
Kazakhstan † 1.01% 0.94% 1.05% 1.08% 1.04% 1.11% 0.93%
Kyrgyz Republic 52 1.61% 1.39% 1.63% 1.62% 1.71% 1.75% 1.70%
Tajikistan § 0.95% 1.09% 1.00% ... 1.13% 1.28% 1.21%
Turkmenistan §53 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uzbekistan §54 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania §¶3 1.56% 1.53% 1.49% 1.41% 1.35% 1.16% 1.10%
Bosnia and Herzegovina†§¶11 1.28% 1.14% 1.15% 1.09% 1.03% 0.99% 0.92%
Bulgaria †13 1.64% 1.31% 1.33% 1.45% 1.31% 1.25% 1.24%
Croatia 70 1.67% 1.74% 1.66% 1.62% 1.82% 1.75% 1.59%
Czechia 71 1.19% 1.08% 1.06% 1.02% 0.97% 0.95% 1.00%
Czechoslovakia 72 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Estonia ‖73 1.70% 1.68% 1.90% 1.91% 1.93% 2.03% 2.07%
74 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Hungary 1.02% 1.04% 1.03% 0.94% 0.86% 0.90% 1.00%
Kosovo 0.72% 0.80% 0.70% 0.72% 0.76% 0.79% 0.78%
Latvia ‖75 1.08% 1.07% 0.91% 0.94% 0.94% 1.04% 1.45%
Lithuania ‖ 0.88% 0.79% 0.77% 0.76% 0.88% 1.14% 1.48%
North Macedonia †77 1.38% 1.26% 1.23% 1.17% 1.09% 0.99% 0.97%
Montenegro 76 1.81% 1.75% 1.66% 1.45% 1.47% 1.40% 1.41%
Poland 78 1.85% 1.80% 1.81% 1.80% 1.92% 2.14% 1.95%
Romania ¶‖ 1.23% 1.24% 1.17% 1.29% 1.35% 1.45% 1.43%
Serbia 79 2.09% 2.00% 1.97% 1.90% 1.94% 1.83% 1.74%
Slovakia ‖ 1.25% 1.07% 1.08% 0.98% 0.98% 1.11% 1.12%
Slovenia ‖ 1.60% 1.29% 1.17% 1.05% 0.97% 0.93% 1.00%
Yugoslavia 80 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia †6 4.27% 3.85% 3.58% 4.00% 3.94% 4.24% 4.09%
Azerbaijan ‖7 2.79% 4.67% 4.66% 4.54% 4.56% 5.46% 3.69%
Belarus 1.34% 1.22% 1.23% 1.27% 1.04% 1.14% 1.52%
Georgia †§81 3.71% 3.10% 2.98% 2.57% 2.36% 2.00% 2.08%
Moldova †¶82 0.26% 0.27% 0.27% 0.28% 0.29% 0.30% 0.34%
Russia 83 3.59% 3.43% 3.69% 3.85% 4.11% 4.87% 5.43%
Ukraine 84 2.74% 2.26% 2.35% 2.39% 2.97% 3.85% 3.67%
Western Europe
Austria 0.82% 0.79% 0.78% 0.75% 0.75% 0.70% 0.73%
Belgium 1.09% 1.05% 1.04% 1.01% 0.97% 0.91% 0.89%
Cyprus †§ 1.85% 1.74% 1.65% 1.61% 1.54% 1.65% 1.40%
Denmark 1.40% 1.31% 1.35% 1.23% 1.15% 1.11% 1.15%
Finland 85 1.49% 1.49% 1.53% 1.53% 1.45% 1.45% 1.42%
France 101 1.97% 1.89% 1.87% 1.85% 1.86% 1.87% 1.92%
Germany 1.27% 1.21% 1.24% 1.19% 1.15% 1.14% 1.15%
Greece 2.75% 2.52% 2.44% 2.37% 2.35% 2.46% 2.57%
Iceland 86 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ireland 0.57% 0.54% 0.51% 0.50% 0.46% 0.34% 0.34%
Italy 87 1.50% 1.48% 1.43% 1.40% 1.28% 1.21% 1.33%
Luxembourg 88 0.44% 0.38% 0.36% 0.36% 0.37% 0.42% 0.38%
Malta †‖ 0.65% 0.58% 0.53% 0.51% 0.49% 0.47% 0.51%
Netherlands 1.33% 1.29% 1.24% 1.17% 1.16% 1.13% 1.16%
Norway 1.51% 1.44% 1.39% 1.41% 1.46% 1.50% 1.62%
Portugal 1.49% 1.49% 1.41% 1.44% 1.31% 1.33% 1.54%
Spain 89 1.39% 1.33% 1.42% 1.27% 1.25% 1.27% 1.14%
Sweden 1.19% 1.10% 1.13% 1.11% 1.13% 1.07% 1.05%
Switzerland †¶90 0.69% 0.69% 0.67% 0.71% 0.63% 0.65% 0.66%
United Kingdom 91 2.57% 2.50% 2.42% 2.29% 2.18% 2.05% 1.98%
European Union †¶103 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain 8 3.28% 3.59% 3.84% 4.14% 4.42% 4.64% 4.67%
Egypt §¶ 1.95% 1.84% 1.65% 1.61% 1.69% 1.72% 1.67%
Iran 92 2.79% 2.38% 2.69% 2.18% 2.12% 2.56% 2.80%
Iraq §¶93 2.71% 2.30% 1.90% 3.32% 2.95% 5.41% 3.56%
Israel 94 5.94% 5.77% 5.64% 5.46% 5.65% 5.44% 5.43%
Jordan † 5.74% 5.40% 4.66% 4.19% 4.20% 4.19% 4.44%
Kuwait 95 3.76% 3.50% 3.41% 3.27% 3.59% 5.01% 5.89%
Lebanon § 4.13% 4.06% 3.99% 4.17% 4.68% 4.49% 5.06%
Oman ‡96 5.65% 6.45% 10.58% 9.75% 8.86% 9.57% 10.56%
Qatar §102 1.47% ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saudi Arabia 97 8.57% 7.17% 7.62% 8.89% 10.54% 13.02% 9.56%
Syria § 4.06% ... ... ... ... ... ...
Türkiye ‖ 2.27% 2.03% 2.01% 1.87%1.92%1.81% 2.05%
United Arab Emirates §98 6.04% 5.47% 5.08% 5.64% ...
6.03% ...
Yemen, North §100 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Yemen §99 4.69% 4.93% 4.57% 4.08% 3.97% ... ...
uct, 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
ar in question.
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
5.92% 5.48% 6.00% 6.66% 5.57% 4.70% 8.17%

... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.95% 2.90% 2.87% 3.98% 3.76% 3.81% 3.64%
2.03% 1.98% 2.38% 2.71% 2.64% 2.47% 2.36%
2.51% 1.96% 1.74% 1.74% 1.30% 1.32% 1.33%

0.92% 0.63% 0.47% 0.46% 0.55% 0.63% 0.71%
3.25% 2.92% 3.08% 3.33% 3.05% 2.38% 2.53%
1.36% 1.93% 2.21% 2.13% 2.32% 2.98% 4.01%
2.00% 2.15% 2.81% 2.19% 2.04% 2.60% 3.66%
1.14% 1.08% 1.06% 0.96% 0.98% 0.94% 0.93%
0.47% 0.49% 0.43% 0.62% 0.56% 0.46% 0.53%
1.34% 1.34% 1.79% 1.86% 2.15% 1.71% 2.29%
2.20% 2.30% 2.14% 3.01% 2.81% 2.75% 2.91%
0.77% 0.62% 0.70% 0.74% 0.54% 0.58% 1.16%
3.18% 1.98% 2.15% 2.60% 2.34% 1.91% 2.00%
0.98% 1.05% 0.92% 0.99% 0.91% 0.89% 0.89%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
1.13% 1.14% 1.31% 1.64% 1.35% 1.30% 1.59%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.68% 0.65% 0.58% 0.52% 0.49% 0.87% 0.79%
1.81% 1.55% 1.59% 1.72% 1.54% 1.32% 1.15%
... 0.72% 0.77% 0.81% 0.77% 0.69% 0.58%
0.31% 0.33% 0.34% 0.35% 0.38% 0.34% 0.39%
1.80% 1.77% 1.48% 1.48% 1.53% 2.17% 2.13%
1.31% 1.36% 1.53% 1.63% 1.69% 1.62% 1.46%
1.24% 1.21% 1.11% 1.11% 1.08% 1.01% 0.91%
2.27% 2.00% 1.88% 1.88% 1.54% 1.52% 1.54%
0.94% 0.94% 0.94% 0.97% 2.01% 2.49% 2.30%
0.51% 0.53% 0.55% 0.67% 0.69% 0.67% 0.66%
0.53% 0.59% 0.76% 0.83% 0.76% 0.97% 1.01%
3.03% 2.82% 2.75% 3.40% 3.41% 3.14% 3.83%
2.12% 2.13% 2.00% 2.39% 2.29% 2.28% 2.55%
0.17% 0.16% 0.15% 0.16% 0.17% 0.14% 0.15%
0.99% 1.32% 1.40% 2.03% 1.96% 1.50% 1.73%
3.52% 3.33% 3.30% 3.48% 3.22% 2.92% 2.74%
1.81% 1.79% 1.92% 1.73% 1.35% 1.66% 2.07%
0.43% 0.51% 0.46% 0.63% 1.01% 0.65% 0.81%
1.25% 1.24% 1.20% 1.47% 1.51% 1.33% 1.27%
1.47% 1.67% 1.52% 1.41% 1.78% 1.54% 1.47%
1.41% 1.31% 1.29% 1.57% 2.78% 1.33% 1.71%
1.09% 0.75% 0.67% 0.55% 0.61% 0.69% 0.56%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.94% 0.89% 0.88% 0.96% 0.81% 0.77% 0.73%
2.06% 3.20% 3.35% 2.28% 2.63% 4.15% 6.26%
3.29% 1.78% 1.63% 0.98% 0.92% ... ...
1.92% 2.10% 1.89% 1.86% 1.78% 1.65% 1.57%
1.06% 1.10% 1.06% 1.08% 1.12% 1.14% 1.15%
1.87% 1.96% 3.15% 2.84% 3.11% 5.44% 4.01%
1.11% 1.23% 1.74% 2.73% 2.64% 2.04% 1.98%
1.30% 1.44% 1.26% 1.17% 0.98% 1.12% 1.30%
1.59% 1.14% 0.73% 1.00% 1.48% 0.78% 0.25%
1.01% 1.01% 1.01% 1.25% 1.07% 0.81% 0.82%

... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.87% 2.88% ... ... ... ... ...
0.67% 0.69% 0.69% 0.75% 0.65% 0.67% 0.74%
1.04% 1.13% 1.18% 1.38% 1.19% 1.41% 1.28%
0.38% 0.37% 0.43% 0.44% 0.39% 0.46% 0.41%
0.04% 0.06% 0.09% 0.10% 0.15% 0.07% 0.05%
1.59% 1.49% 1.57% 1.44% 1.48% 1.45% 1.57%
0.97% 1.33% 1.68% 1.71% 1.47% 1.29% 1.22%
0.42% 0.46% 0.51% 0.72% 0.66% 0.69% 0.66%
0.63% 0.63% 0.61% 0.63% 0.55% 0.54% 0.55%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.87% 0.70% 0.76% 0.86% 0.89% 0.74% 0.89%
1.35% 1.32% 1.28% 1.40% 1.27% 1.20% 1.29%

3.30% 3.30% 3.41% 3.65% 3.42% 3.34% 3.36%
0.85% 0.73% 0.70% 0.73% 0.63% 0.69% 0.47%

1.54% 1.50% 1.45% 1.39% 1.33% 0.97% 1.39%
1.41% 1.47% 1.38% 1.33% 1.16% 1.07% 1.08%
1.94% 1.88% 1.86% 2.06% 1.64% 1.55% 1.63%
3.21% 3.03% 3.15% 3.54% 3.20% 2.81% 2.87%
2.36% 2.37% 2.17% 2.37% 2.27% 2.25% 2.30%
1.25% 1.29% 1.30% 1.40% 0.95% 0.60% 0.59%
0.89% 0.96% 0.97% 1.03% 0.93% 0.83% 0.91%
1.27% 1.19% 1.21% 1.31% 1.18% 1.15% 1.12%
1.81% 1.97% 1.89% 2.04% 2.10% 1.83% 2.00%
2.23% 0.15% 1.79% 1.58% 0.31% 0.65% 0.50%
2.00% 1.90% 1.88% 2.01% 1.99% 1.91% 1.92%

1.40% 1.46% 1.44% 1.59% 1.60% 1.35% 1.32%
1.05% 1.11% 1.29% 1.34% 1.16% 1.17% 1.22%
0.36% 0.33% 0.36% 0.39% 0.33% 0.31% 0.31%
0.95% 1.01% 1.17% 1.36% 1.83% ... ...

1.13% 1.15% 1.24% 1.24% 1.17% 1.05% 1.02%
2.53% 2.42% 2.55% 2.81% 2.48% 2.36% 2.44%
1.56% 1.47% 1.34% 1.36% 1.27% 1.11% 1.08%
3.36% 3.59% 3.51% 3.49% 3.39% 3.16% 2.80%
1.98% 1.73% 1.75% 1.74% 1.71% 1.34% 1.64%
1.71% 1.67% 1.68% 1.76% 1.61% 1.62% 1.67%

0.91% 0.96% 0.99% 1.02% 1.02% 1.11% 1.20%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.42% 2.50% 2.67% 2.80% 2.80% 2.77% 2.81%
0.76% 0.67% 0.66% 0.71% 0.62% 0.51% 0.60%
1.82% 1.74% 1.82% 1.90% 1.87% 1.97% 2.17%
2.87% 2.64% 3.08% 3.63% 3.24% 2.61% 2.97%

2.07% 2.21% 2.20% 2.40% 2.32% 2.09% 2.09%
0.87% 0.72% 0.73% 0.89% 0.74% 0.77% 0.68%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
1.10% 0.96% 0.89% 1.00% 0.98% 0.90% 0.93%
3.64% 2.36% 2.19% 2.99% 4.25% 4.09% 3.79%
1.17% 1.18% 1.13% 1.30% 1.41% 1.32% 1.25%
2.97% 2.81% 2.76% 2.81% 2.60% 2.58% 2.66%
1.33% 1.33% 1.33% 1.46% 1.42% 1.24% 1.17%
1.59% 1.32% 1.70% 1.78% 1.08% 1.11% 1.26%
1.80% 1.81% ... ... ... ... ...
0.83% 0.84% 1.02% 0.91% 0.82% 0.52% 0.48%

1.58% 1.54% 1.38% 1.58% 2.84% 3.05% 3.62%
1.04% 1.05% 1.00% 0.95% 1.02% 2.00% 1.22%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... 3.56% ... ... ... ... ...
1.11% 1.16% 1.28% 1.30% 1.24% 1.21% 1.74%

0.85% 0.84% 0.81% 0.83% 0.74% 0.68% 0.81%
1.22% 1.45% 3.13% 1.59% 1.52% 1.59% 1.85%
1.64% 1.55% 1.60% 1.70% 1.97% 1.79% 1.78%
0.96% 1.09% 1.15% 1.32% 1.40% 1.38% 1.52%
2.01% 2.01% 2.04% 2.30% 2.03% 2.16% 2.87%
1.19% 1.01% 1.34% 1.76% 1.32% 1.84% 2.13%
0.80% 0.80% 0.83% 1.02% 0.85% 1.14% 1.25%
1.59% 2.06% 2.02% 2.16% 2.09% 2.09% 2.27%
1.71% 1.97% 2.00% 2.07% 1.96% 2.45% 2.72%
0.90% 0.94% 1.16% 1.24% 1.47% 1.62% 1.70%
1.36% 1.37% 1.33% 1.74% 1.56% 1.61% 1.63%
1.90% 2.04% 1.98% 2.29% 2.24% 2.23% 3.83%
1.73% 1.79% 1.84% 2.01% 1.85% 1.72% 1.61%
1.91% 1.64% 2.53% 2.38% 2.31% 2.71% 2.85%
1.10% 1.22% 1.70% 1.92% 1.74% 1.81% 2.02%
0.98% 0.98% 1.05% 1.06% 1.23% 1.29% 1.34%
3.85% 4.12% 4.79% 4.98% 4.47% 4.08% 5.45%

3.76% 3.55% 3.85% 5.24% 4.93% 3.80% 4.60%
1.37% 1.54% 1.40% 1.40% 1.37% 1.65% 1.80%
1.97% 1.90% 1.78% 1.81% 1.61% 1.47% 1.68%
0.32% 0.33% 0.36% 0.39% 0.38% 0.33% 0.55%
4.25% 3.72% 3.86% 4.17% 3.61% 4.69% 5.86%
3.24% 3.64% 4.07% 4.40% 3.43% 25.88% 36.65%
0.76% 0.75% 0.75% 0.88% 0.87% 0.77% 0.84%

0.88% 0.89% 0.89% 1.01% 1.04% 1.18% 1.21%
1.57% 1.76% 1.79% 1.92% 1.84% 1.82% 1.82%
1.14% 1.28% 1.30% 1.38% 1.30% 1.37% 1.95%
1.35% 1.36% 1.35% 1.43% 1.29% 1.57% 2.42%
1.91% 1.84% 1.84% 2.00% 1.91% 1.93% 2.06%
1.15% 1.17% 1.26% 1.37% 1.32% 1.38% 1.52%
2.56% 2.72% 2.62% 3.07% 3.87% 4.02% 3.23%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
0.31% 0.29% 0.28% 0.27% 0.25% 0.22% 0.22%
1.36% 1.36% 1.31% 1.74% 1.68% 1.69% 1.61%
0.50% 0.50% 0.55% 0.58% 0.47% 0.63% 0.75%
0.48% 0.43% 0.50% 0.57% 0.49% 0.43% 0.56%
1.16% 1.22% 1.32% 1.44% 1.40% 1.35% 1.53%
1.71% 1.72% 1.84% 1.97% 1.72% 1.50% 1.61%
1.24% 1.34% 1.37% 1.43% 1.52% 1.40% 1.52%
1.23% 1.25% 1.23% 1.37% 1.35% 1.43% 1.51%
1.02% 1.03% 1.09% 1.15% 1.19% 1.31% 1.47%
0.67% 0.65% 0.70% 0.77% 0.67% 0.69% 0.70%
1.95% 1.94% 1.99% 2.16% 2.07% 2.07% 2.26%
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx 0.01% 0.01%
4.32% 4.04% 4.03% 4.05% 3.55% 3.15% 3.11%

1.42% 1.25% 1.18% 1.12% 1.12% 1.05% 0.87%
2.84% 2.24% 2.11% 2.17% 2.22% 2.11% 2.06%
3.86% 2.79% 3.29% 3.13% 2.31% 1.81% 2.07%
5.45% 5.30% 5.09% 5.30% 4.96% 4.46% 5.32%
4.68% 4.56% 4.57% 4.72% 4.82% 4.90% 4.91%
5.61% 5.19% 5.42% 6.57% 6.59% 4.73% 4.90%
4.51% 4.85% 4.24% 3.03% 3.37% 2.92% 8.91%
8.41% 8.27% 7.44% 8.03% 6.56% 5.04% 5.40%
... ... ... ... 6.45% 6.96% ...
9.85% 8.81% 7.79% 8.79% 7.23% 6.40% 7.09%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.05% 2.52% 2.69% 2.43% 1.90% 1.19% 1.50%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Military expenditure per capita by country, 2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
Figures are in current US$
CountryNotes 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Africa
North Africa
Algeria §4 158.2 236.8 250.3 267.4 250.9 263.3 253.3 244.9
Libya ‡§¶16 ... ... 508.9 662.4 615.9 ... ... ...
Morocco §17 97.4 101.6 102.0 120.3 118.2 94.2 94.8 97.4
Tunisia 52.4 64.8 61.0 67.2 79.5 84.7 84.5 72.7
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola §‖1 149.8 150.0 164.5 232.9 252.4 128.3 94.8 101.4
Benin § ... ... 7.8 8.3 8.8 8.3 7.1 10.0
Botswana 166.7 170.3 150.3 138.2 153.2 166.5 218.7 217.5
Burkina Fa† 7.7 8.4 8.6 9.4 9.8 7.9 7.8 9.6
Burundi ‡ ... ... 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.7
Cameroon § 17.8 17.0 16.9 18.2 18.0 15.4 16.3 16.7
Cape Verde 15.8 18.5 18.2 18.2 18.4 16.2 18.2 16.6
Central Afr14 11.1 10.5 9.0 10.0 8.0 5.5 5.5 5.5
Chad § 51.8 49.5 ... 55.0 28.6 15.6 21.2 14.5
Congo, DR§15 2.8 3.5 4.7 5.1 4.5 6.2 4.9 3.5
Congo, Rep § 49.2 ... ... 76.0 142.5 ... 96.7 70.0
Cote d'Ivoi 18 18.4 16.6 18.5 19.1 22.7 24.1 24.9 20.2
Djibouti § ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Equatorial § ... ... ... ... 128.6 101.9 99.5 93.9
Eritrea §‖19 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ethiopia § 3.4 3.6 3.9 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.7
Gabon §20 157.1 150.0 151.4 148.4 105.8 84.0 97.2 125.0
Gambia, T ‡§21 ... ... 5.4 4.9 6.7 6.3 ... ...
Ghana ‖22 4.8 8.9 12.6 9.3 9.0 6.6 5.5 6.3
Guinea 23 ... ... 15.7 17.8 17.4 19.0 13.6 14.8
Guinea-Bis‖24 10.9 10.9 14.8 12.8 12.3 9.5 8.6 10.1
Kenya † 15.0 15.2 19.2 19.2 17.9 18.0 19.5 20.7
Lesotho § 34.9 28.5 25.9 23.1 22.8 20.8 19.4 24.2
Liberia 25 2.2 3.0 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.8
Madagasca‖26 2.6 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.6
Malawi 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.9 3.0 2.4 2.1 2.7
Mali ¶ 9.5 10.0 9.0 9.0 12.4 17.1 19.4 23.8
Mauritania § ... ... 39.1 38.5 37.7 33.7 33.6 34.6
Mauritius † 11.6 13.6 12.9 18.0 15.3 13.2 17.0 17.5
Mozambiqu‖27 4.3 5.0 5.7 6.3 6.7 5.0 4.0 4.5
Namibia 188.9 208.1 190.2 176.9 239.6 227.0 183.1 192.8
Niger 4.0 4.9 8.3 5.7 7.5 ... 7.9 9.2
Nigeria §28 12.4 14.4 13.6 13.8 13.1 11.2 9.1 8.4
Rwanda 29 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.4 8.0 8.9 9.0 9.5
Senegal §30 15.6 17.9 14.9 17.4 17.2 15.0 20.7 20.2
Seychelles† 77.8 92.7 104.5 141.9 315.4 182.8 217.0 218.5
Sierra Leo 31 3.9 3.9 4.4 4.5 6.8 5.4 5.0 5.2
Somalia 32 ... ... ... 2.0 4.5 3.4 3.3 4.2
South Africa 80.9 87.6 84.5 76.4 71.1 62.4 55.6 63.4
South Sud 33 67.0 102.8 92.3 88.4 116.1 102.9 12.2 6.8
Sudan §‖34 ... ... ... ... ... 59.7 69.8 107.7
Eswatini ‡35 92.8 96.5 81.6 77.0 72.3 64.8 70.5 76.2
Tanzania 6.3 6.6 7.5 9.0 10.0 9.8 10.0 10.0
Togo 8.6 8.7 9.1 10.2 11.4 9.4 10.7 11.3
Uganda 18.8 18.2 10.3 8.5 9.0 8.2 8.2 8.6
Zambia § 20.3 21.7 23.5 25.0 28.2 22.9 17.9 19.6
Zimbabwe §‖36 7.7 15.2 24.0 26.3 26.6 26.6 24.8 23.1
Americas
Belize 47.6 46.7 45.2 51.5 56.6 54.8 59.2 61.5
Costa Rica37 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cuba §38 8.4 8.3 11.2 10.5 11.1 10.4 10.9 10.8
Dominican Republic 36.3 35.2 39.5 37.7 42.6 44.0 45.6 50.1
El Salvado39 32.9 36.0 36.4 38.4 37.7 39.8 39.6 41.6
Guatemala 11.7 13.3 14.8 16.2 15.6 15.8 17.9 16.6
Haiti §40 ... ... ... 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Honduras 41 20.1 23.2 23.9 28.4 26.5 31.0 35.3 38.2
Jamaica 42.3 48.7 49.9 46.3 43.6 44.3 49.1 51.1
Mexico 42.6 48.2 49.4 55.2 56.9 45.5 43.9 41.2
Nicaragua 42 7.6 8.7 11.6 12.2 13.1 15.7 13.3 13.4
Panama 43 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Trinidad and Tobago 101.5 102.9 118.0 146.5 130.2 138.4 147.2 136.5
North America
Canada 568.7 623.3 589.5 528.1 504.3 502.0 492.4 609.2
United Sta 44 2371.6 2396.8 2290.2 2126.7 2011.6 1952.6 1955.5 1961.1
South America
Argentina 5 84.6 97.6 108.8 121.2 116.3 126.7 103.3 123.9
Bolivia 10 53.5 38.8 47.3 52.5 57.3 52.4 46.1 50.2
Brazil 173.2 186.4 170.0 163.0 160.5 120.0 117.1 140.3
Chile 45 287.8 331.1 315.2 315.8 288.5 259.1 265.2 292.3
Colombia 46 232.6 227.5 255.7 270.4 253.8 193.7 182.2 207.2
Ecuador 47 139.7 161.0 167.3 174.0 174.6 160.4 152.9 147.5
Guyana 48 41.5 43.6 45.1 47.1 52.3 61.5 67.9 78.0
Paraguay 49 35.5 48.8 54.2 61.8 65.4 62.6 54.8 54.8
Peru 50 74.5 79.9 96.1 110.0 106.0 107.8 81.5 84.3
Uruguay 225.4 245.3 274.3 309.1 305.0 285.0 289.5 340.7
Venezuela ‖51 139.0 123.0 173.6 207.8 51.5 10.5 7.1 69.6
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia 1054.4 1189.7 1153.4 1074.1 1098.6 1009.5 1090.4 1126.1
Fiji †68 55.7 66.9 65.0 63.6 81.6 46.5 59.3 81.9
New Zealand 404.3 442.3 442.9 438.6 441.9 377.9 411.7 452.0
Papua New¶69 6.1 8.2 13.8 12.7 13.3 11.5 8.9 8.9
South Asia
Afghanista 2 10.6 11.1 7.8 6.9 8.2 5.9 5.4 5.4
Banglades 9 10.9 12.0 12.0 13.3 15.1 17.8 20.3 20.2
India 59 37.2 39.5 37.0 36.7 38.9 38.8 42.3 47.7
Nepal ¶ 9.4 10.4 9.4 10.3 11.9 11.7 12.8 15.5
Pakistan 60 30.7 35.0 37.0 37.3 41.7 45.1 46.9 52.6
Sri Lanka 61 74.1 84.1 70.2 75.8 90.1 96.4 81.3 86.8
East Asia
China 55 78.3 92.3 106.2 119.2 131.5 141.0 141.6 149.2
Japan 56 426.6 474.7 469.4 384.0 367.9 330.9 365.9 355.7
Korea, Nor57 ... ... ... ... ... 34.4 35.9 37.7
Korea, Sou58 577.2 630.3 643.7 684.9 742.8 717.2 718.9 760.4
Mongolia 20.3 31.8 40.7 36.4 36.2 34.3 31.8 28.3
Taiwan †¶104 393.9 432.0 451.8 427.1 418.5 416.9 409.6 442.8
South East Asia
Brunei §12 986.7 1033.3 1010.5 1000.2 1265.7 1007.2 946.9 806.3
Cambodia 11.7 13.2 14.7 16.2 18.3 21.1 24.5 28.9
Indonesia 62 19.1 23.6 26.1 33.1 27.0 29.3 28.2 33.3
Laos § 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.4 ... ... ... ...
Malaysia 63 134.2 160.8 152.0 163.1 160.7 145.9 132.3 109.3
Myanmar §¶64 ... ... 59.1 46.7 46.5 49.6 47.3 42.5
Philippines65 25.8 28.0 29.6 33.9 30.6 32.4 31.8 35.9
Singapore 1570.3 1689.5 1704.5 1706.0 1722.6 1660.9 1728.5 1765.9
Thailand § 76.1 75.0 78.2 79.8 79.8 77.3 78.7 85.9
Timor Lest §66 24.3 18.4 29.3 27.3 25.0 30.6 21.4 20.5
Viet Nam §67 30.6 30.4 37.6 41.3 46.6 49.5 53.9 54.0
Central Asia
Kazakhsta † 90.3 107.0 127.3 147.1 131.1 114.7 70.9 75.9
Kyrgyz Rep52 14.1 15.6 19.1 20.8 22.0 19.8 19.2 19.9
Tajikistan § 7.1 9.2 9.6 ... 12.5 11.8 9.7 8.8
Turkmenist§53 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uzbekistan§54 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania §¶3 63.8 67.9 63.3 62.4 61.8 45.9 45.4 50.2
Bosnia and†§¶11 57.7 56.6 53.7 54.6 53.3 46.0 45.4 45.4
Bulgaria †13 109.7 100.5 96.4 109.2 101.4 86.5 92.5 100.3
Croatia 70 224.7 250.7 220.0 223.3 251.3 209.5 197.9 217.4
Czechia 71 237.6 235.3 211.0 204.1 192.1 168.9 185.5 197.3
Czechoslov72 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Estonia ‖73 249.4 293.3 330.2 363.7 389.4 352.5 378.2 407.8
German Dem74 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Hungary 135.3 147.9 133.3 129.4 122.6 115.0 131.3 173.9
Kosovo 21.5 28.3 24.0 26.9 30.1 28.4 29.7 33.1
Latvia ‖75 123.5 142.9 124.5 139.6 147.1 141.9 205.0 246.8
Lithuania ‖ 104.0 111.2 107.3 117.2 142.5 159.0 216.6 279.7
North Mace†77 62.1 63.2 56.9 60.2 59.0 47.4 49.1 47.7
Montenegr76 119.0 125.6 107.0 102.3 106.5 89.7 97.5 104.0
Poland 78 227.7 244.8 232.7 240.3 268.1 264.9 237.8 256.2
Romania ¶‖ 102.6 117.7 104.4 122.2 134.6 129.6 133.6 183.9
Serbia 79 114.0 129.5 112.5 121.6 121.1 96.3 94.7 111.6
Slovakia ‖ 210.8 197.1 188.6 178.7 184.1 181.8 184.7 192.9
Slovenia ‖ 375.3 322.4 262.7 244.6 234.3 192.6 214.9 225.8
Yugoslavia80 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia †6 134.1 133.4 130.6 153.2 158.4 155.4 150.5 155.5
Azerbaijan ‖7 159.9 329.1 342.2 350.3 351.8 294.1 140.0 151.8
Belarus 78.9 77.9 83.3 99.0 84.7 66.2 74.1 77.1
Georgia †§81 118.4 122.7 129.3 116.7 110.1 79.4 83.6 85.1
Moldova †¶82 5.0 6.4 6.8 7.8 8.3 7.0 8.5 9.7
Russia 83 409.9 489.9 567.2 613.7 587.0 459.1 477.2 460.0
Ukraine 84 81.6 81.0 91.1 96.8 87.7 77.9 76.4 81.7
USSR xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Western Europe
Austria 384.8 406.4 378.1 380.8 386.7 308.4 330.4 358.4
Belgium 482.1 502.0 468.6 474.0 464.5 373.6 376.0 389.4
Cyprus †§ 422.6 419.0 358.3 329.8 304.0 276.2 246.5 297.0
Denmark 811.3 810.4 789.6 749.6 717.9 592.5 629.5 656.1
Finland 85 693.1 760.9 728.3 765.1 729.8 620.4 621.5 622.9
France 101 833.4 862.1 796.2 821.1 835.6 715.4 740.3 767.0
Germany 529.1 554.7 537.1 541.7 545.6 465.1 484.7 511.7
Greece 739.9 647.8 539.5 518.1 509.2 445.8 461.7 475.9
Iceland 86 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ireland 281.6 286.1 253.6 260.6 258.1 213.7 212.4 214.8
Italy 87 535.3 563.6 494.8 496.7 459.2 368.3 416.4 440.8
Luxembour88 488.5 448.2 404.1 430.4 453.4 438.5 404.0 542.2
Malta †‖ 140.2 131.8 116.1 122.8 126.7 113.3 127.5 134.1
Netherlands 675.2 697.4 617.5 606.3 609.4 508.6 532.3 556.8
Norway 1329.0 1459.9 1423.4 1454.8 1427.9 1120.5 1145.2 1298.7
Portugal 334.4 345.7 288.9 311.7 288.5 255.1 307.6 263.8
Spain 89 423.2 421.5 403.4 370.0 369.7 327.1 301.6 344.4
Sweden 627.4 668.1 653.4 676.6 672.5 547.0 545.3 549.5
Switzerlan †¶90 526.1 628.7 574.3 622.3 563.4 545.9 546.0 547.6
United Kin 91 1019.4 1051.9 1025.8 992.8 1034.3 919.8 812.2 788.2
European †¶103 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain 8 694.2 852.7 965.0 1067.8 1125.3 1058.8 1067.8 1052.0
Egypt §¶ 50.5 50.0 50.0 46.7 53.2 56.0 45.2 27.2
Iran 92 179.9 187.0 213.3 152.9 123.8 129.5 147.2 164.9
Iraq §¶93 120.0 132.1 122.3 219.3 188.4 254.4 154.3 187.2
Israel 94 1893.5 2024.1 1913.1 2102.7 2255.5 2055.1 2136.8 2329.6
Jordan † 224.8 224.3 204.2 187.8 178.9 170.1 177.6 189.9
Kuwait 95 1473.1 1715.5 1750.1 1562.4 1550.3 1467.2 1592.6 1639.9
Lebanon § 317.3 322.4 339.4 340.9 361.8 350.0 416.4 399.6
Oman ‡96 1273.9 1559.3 2616.1 2296.7 2048.8 1797.1 1804.4 1497.7
Qatar §102 1095.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saudi Arab97 1538.3 1609.6 1833.0 2128.8 2513.9 2662.2 1905.5 2058.9
Syria § 105.0 109.8 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Türkiye ‖ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
United Ara §98 2063.7 2236.9 2195.5 2692.1 2575.3 ... ... ...
Yemen, No§100 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Yemen §99 58.5 63.3 61.7 61.1 61.8 ... ... ...
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
228.6 241.3 223.4 206.3 203.7 400.5

... ... ... ... ... ...
102.9 102.5 131.7 145.1 133.4 137.0
70.7 83.1 95.2 102.0 93.6 97.0
63.4 45.5 29.7 28.4 45.6 34.6

7.6 5.5 5.7 7.5 8.2 10.3
203.2 205.9 196.0 207.4 184.4 191.4
15.0 17.1 17.8 20.7 24.8 35.5
5.7 7.1 5.5 5.4 7.9 11.1
17.1 16.4 14.8 16.3 14.9 15.9
18.8 16.9 19.3 19.1 17.3 22.0
6.0 7.8 8.3 10.2 7.5 10.9
16.2 14.6 19.4 19.3 18.7 20.4
3.4 3.9 3.9 3.2 3.7 7.8
53.7 53.8 52.3 53.6 44.5 46.6
23.8 20.5 22.6 23.2 21.6 23.6
... ... ... ... ... ...
99.5 95.7 101.7 99.6 93.6 94.5
... ... ... ... ... ...
4.7 4.7 4.3 4.1 8.4 9.7
119.2 119.0 114.9 133.0 116.2 108.8
4.7 5.8 5.8 6.0 5.6 5.0
7.1 7.4 7.5 9.1 6.8 8.4
15.7 15.4 15.7 18.1 31.8 35.5
11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 11.7 11.7
22.3 21.9 21.5 22.5 21.4 18.1
23.2 20.1 17.1 16.2 15.0 14.6
2.7 2.6 2.5 5.7 6.9 6.9
2.7 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.4
3.2 4.5 5.1 4.7 5.8 6.5
24.2 23.1 28.0 29.8 25.8 33.7
37.2 37.0 44.1 50.0 47.6 57.0
17.8 17.1 14.2 15.6 13.8 17.3
6.7 7.2 9.2 9.7 8.5 11.1
189.3 169.2 147.9 158.2 143.2 129.9
10.2 10.6 9.8 8.0 9.3 12.2
10.3 9.2 12.3 20.9 14.2 14.3
9.5 9.7 11.2 12.5 12.8 12.7
24.7 22.3 21.0 28.6 24.3 25.3
209.3 225.9 183.1 378.4 235.2 332.7
3.8 3.4 2.7 3.2 3.3 2.6
5.0 4.5 5.9 6.5 6.5 7.9
63.2 59.1 54.9 57.1 51.9 46.0
14.3 17.9 12.2 19.8 47.7 97.0
25.0 16.7 21.0 8.2 ... ...
82.6 74.0 65.0 69.8 61.8 56.0
10.3 10.3 11.0 11.9 12.7 13.4
13.0 20.7 19.4 23.0 38.0 30.5
9.8 15.1 22.2 23.3 19.6 20.1
21.2 15.9 11.2 11.2 16.3 18.3
27.9 35.6 15.5 29.6 20.4 52.2
61.1 62.8 65.9 66.8 59.7 64.4

... ... ... ... ... ...
11.4 ... ... ... ... ...
55.1 56.4 54.5 55.0 67.7 78.8
46.9 50.5 54.6 55.7 72.4 71.3
16.2 19.4 19.7 19.2 24.7 23.3
0.9 1.1 1.4 2.6 1.1 1.0
36.6 39.4 33.7 40.9 43.9 51.0
74.6 94.5 84.0 76.9 78.0 81.6
47.1 53.2 63.8 68.5 78.9 92.1
12.4 11.5 11.7 11.4 12.1 13.4
... ... ... ... ... ...
110.3 113.5 112.1 138.1 141.8 156.8
613.7 596.8 609.2 664.7 664.9 701.9

2054.8 2196.5 2317.1 2392.4 2544.2 2694.2
86.5 70.0 62.9 67.9 95.3 68.2

51.9 50.4 42.8 44.4 35.1 52.0
134.1 122.3 91.9 89.5 95.4 105.8
296.6 272.2 271.8 266.5 237.2 279.8
205.7 202.6 187.6 197.6 186.2 205.5
149.8 135.3 134.0 135.3 143.7 149.9
78.6 84.1 96.0 95.1 109.0 118.2
60.0 57.5 55.0 55.6 53.9 58.0
82.2 84.3 79.7 78.8 82.2 87.4
370.9 336.9 318.3 367.3 379.2 464.5
25.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
1074.5 1028.5 1063.5 1262.2 1239.5 1223.2

88.6 86.1 77.4 74.3 72.4 77.4
475.8 549.7 555.3 566.4 545.6 579.4
8.6 9.6 9.6 8.8 9.6 9.4
5.4 6.0 7.2 6.9 ... ...

22.3 26.3 27.8 28.6 26.1 24.3
48.4 51.7 52.2 54.2 56.4 58.5
15.1 14.9 14.8 15.1 13.7 13.6
52.5 45.8 45.1 50.3 43.9 35.4
75.9 72.1 68.5 70.7 45.9 53.2
164.1 169.0 181.0 200.5 204.8 207.9

384.4 403.7 410.4 408.9 378.2 406.8
62.6 ... ... ... ... ...
833.4 851.3 889.5 981.6 894.8 925.5
27.9 29.6 31.1 31.6 31.6 42.9
442.8 462.3 505.0 583.9 638.7 694.4
824.2 946.9 987.7 1018.7 970.7 991.0

33.9 36.7 37.9 38.0 36.9 39.4
28.1 30.2 34.5 32.2 36.8 34.2
... ... ... ... ... ...
106.3 99.5 101.6 109.5 108.2 113.6
29.0 28.9 46.8 49.1 46.0 45.7
37.8 38.7 41.8 48.7 46.1 46.5
1819.8 1773.4 1658.5 1854.5 2013.7 2194.6
93.7 99.4 102.1 99.5 84.1 80.3
16.3 26.9 29.6 29.7 33.0 40.5
57.9 ... ... ... ... ...
80.8 98.8 81.6 84.3 60.0 63.1

20.4 20.4 20.4 40.2 53.1 69.0
8.9 8.9 8.1 9.2 20.5 13.8
... ... ... ... ... ...
44.4 ... ... ... ... ...
61.1 68.6 68.6 78.0 80.5 140.4

50.6 49.2 50.5 53.7 51.5 67.5
135.1 306.0 160.3 185.2 211.9 286.8
228.5 238.7 239.5 335.1 318.1 359.0
257.8 272.3 303.7 367.0 381.7 481.8
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
465.2 480.1 540.3 563.3 617.1 899.1
165.3 224.2 283.9 248.2 326.8 428.9
37.0 38.9 47.3 47.9 64.8 80.0
366.4 360.9 391.2 439.2 462.5 571.2
367.3 383.9 416.3 468.9 630.7 795.0
56.6 69.1 72.7 97.7 105.2 127.8
119.4 117.4 131.8 145.1 156.3 182.9
312.6 306.2 357.0 399.3 384.9 771.5
222.3 236.3 259.9 274.2 263.9 282.0
111.5 176.3 172.3 200.9 238.7 298.8
237.9 330.5 375.1 379.0 369.6 459.6
251.4 271.1 268.0 360.0 133.8 428.1
180.9 231.1 225.9 221.9 286.0 478.6

164.7 181.2 217.6 262.1 288.8 342.0
95.2 93.0 89.4 99.3 115.9 147.7
88.5 82.4 76.4 80.0 96.2 135.4
11.9 13.8 14.4 17.1 14.6 27.2
423.0 447.4 423.8 454.2 707.4 757.8
106.9 141.6 155.7 158.5 1037.3 1762.2
383.2 375.7 431.1 470.3 404.1 492.2

422.8 413.6 459.9 537.4 591.1 652.9
369.5 377.2 390.5 435.5 425.7 449.9
790.5 774.3 838.9 900.9 930.8 1377.9
680.8 658.3 699.7 692.1 802.4 1325.2
799.8 778.2 818.0 877.8 830.0 946.6
560.9 590.3 639.9 677.5 673.5 802.3
541.4 509.1 549.2 794.6 842.1 747.5
... ... ... ... ... ...
229.0 227.3 231.4 254.2 231.8 251.0
474.6 441.7 553.4 611.6 587.6 603.5
584.3 615.8 674.9 631.1 786.9 1011.4
135.9 159.3 167.5 166.9 146.9 210.5
643.0 691.2 750.5 822.5 776.2 943.6
1419.6 1410.3 1343.0 1561.2 1600.6 1583.6
315.4 320.6 317.3 377.3 347.2 412.1
380.9 364.7 368.0 411.6 427.0 498.7
564.1 568.7 604.8 724.4 732.1 825.0
556.4 585.6 663.4 631.1 646.7 715.4
840.4 847.1 869.9 968.1 949.2 1106.4
xxx xxx xxx xxx ... ...
1027.3 1042.6 951.1 944.2 938.4 931.2

30.1 35.4 41.9 47.3 41.9 28.1
131.2 55.9 38.2 64.6 82.8 115.3
155.6 182.8 132.7 109.6 105.2 112.3
2353.3 2362.8 2491.3 2734.9 2589.7 2997.1
187.2 189.9 188.1 195.3 205.9 216.1
1659.8 1660.3 1592.0 2123.4 1931.2 1799.3
466.4 402.3 76.3 30.7 39.8 45.1
1644.3 1423.2 1341.8 1279.6 1263.9 1260.1
... ... ... 4313.0 5718.8 ...
2130.7 1824.4 1793.4 1757.8 1947.9 2051.9
... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ...
Military expenditure by country as percentage of government spending, 2010-2023 © SIPR
Figures are for miltary expenditure expressed as a percentage of general government expenditure, and are for calendar years except where ot
Data for general government expenditure are from the IMF World Economic Outlook, and include spending by all levels of govt.: central/fed
CountryNotes Reportin 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Africa
North Africa
Algeria §4 9.09% 10.51% 10.26% 13.22% 13.44% 13.57% 15.20%
Libya ‡§¶16 ... ... 8.20% 7.16% 10.91% ... ...
Morocco §17 10.91% 9.76% 9.83% 11.56% 11.08% 10.42% 10.44%
Tunisia 5.15% 5.33% 5.08% 5.06% 6.53% 7.80% 8.18%
sub-Saharan Africa
Angola §‖1 10.60% 8.70% 8.70% 12.03% 12.89% 11.48% 12.40%
Benin § ... ... 4.93% 4.61% 4.93% 4.40% 4.37%
Botswana 6.17% 6.43% 6.11% 6.17% 6.15% 7.14% 9.96%
Burkina Fa† 5.66% 5.63% 5.19% 4.89% 6.08% 6.14% 5.39%
Burundi ‡ ... ... 6.73% 7.14% 8.07% 9.20% 9.94%
Cameroon § 8.48% 6.36% 6.85% 6.07% 5.51% 5.48% 5.68%
Cape Verde 1.26% 1.57% 1.60% 1.57% 1.77% 1.78% 2.06%
Central Afr14 13.96% 14.47% 11.75% 21.15% 11.27% 11.28% 12.14%
Chad § 23.67% 22.40% ... 24.52% 12.77% 11.01% 21.14%
Congo, DR§15 5.35% 6.61% 8.26% 8.99% 5.14% 7.52% 7.36%
Congo, Rep § 7.23% ... ... 4.82% 8.11% ... 11.84%
Cote d'Ivoi 18 7.79% 7.63% 6.82% 6.27% 7.02% 7.54% 7.09%
Djibouti § ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Equatorial § ... ... ... ... 2.42% 2.51% 4.46%
Eritrea §‖19 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ethiopia § 6.13% 5.98% 5.22% 4.54% 4.40% 4.07% 3.82%
Gabon §20 8.11% 6.63% 6.76% 4.63% 4.82% 5.33% 6.63%
Gambia, T ‡§21 ... ... 4.13% 4.39% 6.26% 5.15% ...
Ghana ‖22 1.42% 2.23% 2.70% 1.86% 2.31% 2.11% 1.47%
Guinea 23 ... ... 11.41% 12.61% 11.10% 11.60% 11.66%
Guinea-Bis‖24 9.83% 8.76% 17.99% 15.76% 8.25% 6.88% 6.16%
Kenya † 6.36% 6.86% 6.74% 6.01% 5.12% 5.05% 4.92%
Lesotho § 5.52% 3.67% 3.58% 3.34% 3.77% 3.58% 3.64%
Liberia 25 1.81% 1.78% 1.85% 1.81% 1.41% 1.29% 1.26%
Madagasca‖26 4.64% 5.18% 5.15% 4.55% 4.43% 3.99% 3.70%
Malawi 2.60% 2.76% 2.90% 3.91% 3.18% 2.31% 2.29%
Mali ¶ 6.78% 6.04% 7.70% 5.88% 7.60% 11.27% 11.62%
Mauritania § ... ... 9.82% 9.93% 9.19% 8.40% 10.30%
Mauritius † 0.61% 0.63% 0.62% 0.78% 0.66% 0.58% 0.73%
Mozambiqu‖27 3.27% 2.81% 2.96% 2.90% 2.43% 2.57% 3.20%
Namibia 10.50% 9.29% 9.04% 8.37% 10.35% 10.37% 9.51%
Niger 5.98% 6.26% 9.51% 5.08% 5.70% ... 8.30%
Nigeria §28 3.25% 3.35% 3.39% 3.32% 3.10% 3.78% 4.44%
Rwanda 29 5.11% 4.44% 4.24% 4.03% 4.01% 4.57% 4.94%
Senegal §30 5.60% 5.56% 4.85% 5.67% 5.25% 5.27% 6.69%
Seychelles† 2.13% 2.35% 2.43% 2.74% 6.81% 4.06% 4.07%
Sierra Leo 31 4.81% 4.03% 3.85% 4.11% 5.52% 4.45% 4.78%
Somalia 32 ... ... ... 22.26% 40.44% 37.29% 34.82%
South Africa 3.55% 3.57% 3.61% 3.56% 3.49% 3.34% 3.25%
South Sud 33 ... 28.97% 27.74% 25.93% 23.68% 25.92% 9.01%
Sudan §‖34 ... ... ... ... ... 21.92% 22.84%
Eswatini ‡35 7.48% 8.74% 6.88% 6.56% 5.73% 5.27% 6.10%
Tanzania 4.52% 4.75% 4.67% 5.17% 5.88% 6.36% 6.47%
Togo 7.94% 5.99% 6.09% 5.87% 5.94% 5.31% 5.90%
Uganda 15.99% 16.76% 8.67% 6.98% 6.91% 6.83% 6.93%
Zambia § 7.65% 6.75% 6.21% 5.66% 6.72% 6.34% 5.97%
Zimbabwe §‖36 4.51% 6.06% 9.11% 8.93% 9.23% 9.19% 7.36%
Americas
Belize 3.76% 3.59% 3.60% 3.67% 3.75% 3.22% 3.50%
Costa Rica37 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cuba §38 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Dominican Republic 4.16% 3.78% 3.30% 3.31% 3.83% 3.86% 3.74%
El Salvado39 4.26% 4.30% 3.83% 3.79% 3.75% 3.90% 3.73%
Guatemala 2.83% 2.87% 3.18% 3.37% 3.12% 3.23% 3.51%
Haiti §40 ... ... ... 0.19% 0.24% 0.31% 0.47%
Honduras 41 4.06% 4.37% 4.29% 4.66% 4.32% 5.19% 5.59%
Jamaica 2.59% 2.85% 3.06% 3.26% 3.21% 3.14% 3.34%
Mexico 1.64% 1.68% 1.69% 1.83% 1.84% 1.70% 1.81%
Nicaragua 42 2.24% 2.24% 2.76% 2.80% 2.79% 3.06% 2.39%
Panama 43 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Trinidad and Tobago 2.09% 1.93% 2.11% 2.36% 1.96% 2.15% 2.87%
North America
Canada 2.77% 2.87% 2.73% 2.51% 2.58% 2.88% 2.86%
United Sta 44 12.34% 12.43% 11.99% 11.25% 10.42% 9.89% 9.63%
South America
Argentina 5 2.44% 2.19% 2.13% 2.23% 2.26% 2.06% 1.95%
Bolivia 10 8.84% 4.76% 5.12% 4.79% 4.39% 3.95% 3.83%
Brazil 3.65% 3.36% 3.29% 3.12% 3.01% 2.78% 2.77%
Chile 45 9.61% 9.89% 8.86% 8.63% 8.25% 7.63% 7.59%
Colombia 46 11.98% 10.18% 10.85% 10.91% 9.94% 9.94% 10.24%
Ecuador 47 8.68% 7.84% 6.83% 6.06% 5.90% 6.06% 5.83%
Guyana 48 4.50% 4.14% 3.75% 3.92% 4.12% 4.99% 4.59%
Paraguay 49 5.08% 5.33% 5.16% 5.46% 5.49% 5.22% 4.89%
Peru 50 6.98% 6.98% 7.29% 7.59% 7.03% 7.73% 6.20%
Uruguay 6.28% 5.99% 5.97% 5.78% 5.69% 5.89% 5.79%
Venezuela ‖51 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Asia & Oceania
Oceania
Australia 5.02% 4.84% 4.57% 4.51% 4.82% 5.24% 5.61%
Fiji †68 5.97% 5.88% 5.40% 5.11% 5.29% 3.06% 3.51%
New Zealand 2.81% 2.74% 2.81% 2.70% 2.65% 2.65% 2.84%
Papua New¶69 1.77% 1.81% 2.32% 1.79% 1.79% 2.01% 1.83%
South Asia
Afghanista 2 9.35% 8.30% 4.70% 4.31% 5.11% 3.83% 3.68%
Banglades 9 11.17% 10.56% 10.10% 9.21% 9.67% 10.51% 10.57%
India 59 9.86% 9.59% 9.27% 9.30% 9.50% 8.83% 9.08%
Nepal ¶ 8.33% 8.26% 7.42% 8.65% 8.65% 7.74% 7.75%
Pakistan 60 16.83% 16.98% 16.09% 15.93% 17.34% 18.01% 18.09%
Sri Lanka 61 13.53% 13.53% 12.09% 12.52% 13.51% 12.54% 10.87%
East Asia
China 55 6.97% 6.17% 6.04% 5.97% 5.99% 5.60% 5.48%
Japan 56 2.51% 2.52% 2.48% 2.43% 2.49% 2.54% 2.50%
Korea, Nor57 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Korea, Sou58 13.22% 12.97% 12.71% 12.57% 12.80% 12.64% 12.62%
Mongolia 2.42% 2.21% 2.56% 2.56% 2.67% 2.81% 2.18%
Taiwan †¶104 10.16% 10.22% 10.52% 10.02% 10.09% 10.55% 10.13%
South East Asia
Brunei §12 7.88% 7.55% 6.97% 6.78% 9.06% 8.48% 8.99%
Cambodia 7.14% 7.27% 7.13% 7.48% 7.66% 8.89% 9.04%
Indonesia 62 3.66% 3.69% 3.78% 4.82% 4.18% 5.05% 4.71%
Laos § 0.91% 1.05% 0.81% 0.78% ... ... ...
Malaysia 63 5.60% 5.73% 4.96% 5.40% 5.53% 6.09% 6.06%
Myanmar §¶64 ... ... 21.51% 17.93% 15.94% 17.77% 17.45%
Philippines65 6.38% 6.70% 6.25% 6.87% 6.20% 6.12% 5.50%
Singapore 32.20% 32.63% 31.40% 27.60% 23.87% 20.95% 19.81%
Thailand § 7.04% 6.55% 6.42% 6.13% 6.22% 6.17% 6.40%
Timor Lest §66 2.47% 1.48% 2.22% 2.36% 1.84% 2.37% 1.42%
Viet Nam §67 7.65% 7.33% 7.32% 7.13% 8.01% 7.89% 8.77%
Central Asia
Kazakhsta † 4.51% 4.41% 4.78% 5.44% 4.90% 4.85% 4.34%
Kyrgyz Rep52 4.34% 3.73% 4.01% 4.25% 4.45% 4.60% 4.36%
Tajikistan § 3.65% 4.55% 4.07% ... 4.10% 4.02% 3.12%
Turkmenist§53 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uzbekistan§54 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Europe
Central Europe
Albania §¶3 5.30% 5.28% 5.27% 4.83% 4.24% 3.78% 3.79%
Bosnia and†§¶11 2.63% 2.45% 2.44% 2.44% 2.22% 2.32% 2.23%
Bulgaria †13 4.75% 4.11% 4.09% 4.10% 3.53% 3.34% 3.80%
Croatia 70 3.44% 3.60% 3.52% 3.37% 3.72% 3.71% 3.48%
Czechia 71 2.74% 2.50% 2.38% 2.38% 2.27% 2.26% 2.51%
Czechoslov72 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Estonia ‖73 4.22% 4.49% 4.84% 4.97% 5.10% 5.13% 5.25%
German Dem74 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Hungary 2.09% 2.11% 2.09% 1.88% 1.71% 1.80% 2.14%
Kosovo 2.42% 2.71% 2.35% 2.46% 2.74% 2.86% 2.73%
Latvia ‖75 2.54% 2.69% 2.45% 2.52% 2.50% 2.77% 4.01%
Lithuania ‖ 2.13% 1.91% 2.18% 2.20% 2.59% 3.31% 4.44%
North Mace†77 4.25% 3.96% 3.68% 3.69% 3.45% 3.08% 3.12%
Montenegr76 3.89% 3.86% 3.62% 3.17% 3.33% 3.03% 2.97%
Poland 78 4.00% 4.06% 4.18% 4.14% 4.47% 5.13% 4.72%
Romania ¶‖ 3.28% 3.53% 3.51% 3.78% 3.99% 4.25% 4.49%
Serbia 79 4.87% 4.81% 4.37% 4.49% 4.33% 4.28% 4.17%
Slovakia ‖ 2.96% 2.58% 2.62% 2.30% 2.28% 2.44% 2.62%
Slovenia ‖ 3.19% 2.54% 2.36% 1.74% 1.92% 1.91% 2.18%
Yugoslavia80 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Eastern Europe
Armenia †6 16.28% 15.44% 15.99% 16.80% 16.44% 16.10% 15.12%
Azerbaijan ‖7 8.73% 13.84% 12.72% 12.02% 12.52% 14.12% 10.41%
Belarus 30.27% 30.39% 31.61% 31.14% 26.84% 27.25% 37.44%
Georgia †§81 11.80% 11.17% 10.50% 9.48% 8.41% 7.29% 7.34%
Moldova †¶82 0.77% 0.84% 0.81% 0.87% 0.87% 0.93% 1.13%
Russia 83 10.12% 10.32% 10.84% 11.12% 11.77% 13.81% 14.83%
Ukraine 84 5.58% 4.94% 4.81% 4.97% 6.63% 8.94% 8.99%
Western Europe
Austria 1.55% 1.55% 1.52% 1.45% 1.43% 1.37% 1.46%
Belgium 2.02% 1.90% 1.84% 1.80% 1.75% 1.69% 1.68%
Cyprus †§ 4.44% 4.13% 3.95% 3.82% 3.83% 4.18% 3.77%
Denmark 2.47% 2.33% 2.33% 2.20% 2.08% 2.04% 2.19%
Finland 85 2.77% 2.78% 2.75% 2.70% 2.54% 2.57% 2.55%
France 101 3.46% 3.36% 3.28% 3.23% 3.26% 3.30% 3.38%
Germany 2.63% 2.67% 2.76% 2.64% 2.60% 2.58% 2.60%
Greece 5.19% 4.58% 4.55% 4.55% 4.64% 4.81% 5.15%
Iceland 86 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Ireland 0.89% 1.15% 1.21% 1.24% 1.23% 1.18% 1.19%
Italy 87 3.01% 3.00% 2.82% 2.75% 2.52% 2.40% 2.72%
Luxembour88 1.05% 0.91% 0.86% 0.87% 0.90% 1.03% 0.95%
Malta †‖ 1.64% 1.43% 1.27% 1.26% 1.22% 1.22% 1.41%
Netherlands 2.75% 2.73% 2.63% 2.49% 2.52% 2.53% 2.67%
Norway 3.39% 3.33% 3.29% 3.23% 3.23% 3.11% 3.21%
Portugal 2.87% 2.98% 2.88% 2.89% 2.53% 2.76% 3.44%
Spain 89 3.01% 2.89% 2.88% 2.74% 2.77% 2.88% 2.68%
Sweden 2.40% 2.26% 2.26% 2.20% 2.27% 2.20% 2.16%
Switzerlan †¶90 2.19% 2.21% 2.11% 2.19% 1.97% 2.01% 2.05%
United Kin 91 5.76% 5.74% 5.54% 5.46% 5.30% 5.07% 5.00%
European †¶103 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Middle East
Bahrain 8 10.12% 11.45% 11.89% 12.47% 15.55% 12.72% 13.35%
Egypt §¶ 6.23% 6.01% 5.34% 4.65% 4.74% 5.23% 5.09%
Iran 92 15.97% 13.01% 19.32% 15.61% 14.80% 15.55% 15.41%
Iraq §¶93 5.47% 5.31% 4.43% 6.87% 6.74% 12.45% 8.38%
Israel 94 14.61% 14.35% 13.97% 13.73% 14.74% 14.48% 14.36%
Jordan † 17.93% 15.15% 12.64% 12.48% 11.81% 12.80% 15.61%
Kuwait 95 8.40% 8.96% 8.80% 8.58% 8.10% 9.20% 10.91%
Lebanon § 14.15% 14.13% 13.21% 14.28% 16.37% 16.82% 18.02%
Oman ‡96 18.47% 18.71% 27.40% 24.81% 21.39% 21.49% 23.68%
Qatar §102 4.90% ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saudi Arab97 25.95% 22.01% 23.10% 25.27% 26.55% 32.65% 27.75%
Syria § 13.62% ... ... ... ... ... ...
Türkiye ‖ ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
United Ara §98 18.74% 17.55% 17.43% 19.91% 17.04% ... ...
Yemen, No§100 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Yemen §99 15.51% 16.51% 12.63% 13.25% 14.28% ... ...
2010-2023 © SIPRI 2023
or calendar years except where otherwise stated.

g by all levels of govt.: central/federal, state/provincial/regional, municipal and local government, etc.
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
14.64% 13.60% 14.36% 15.69% 15.02% 12.67% 19.34%

... ... ... ... ... ... ...
10.59% 10.49% 10.47% 11.66% 12.01% 11.84% 11.12%
7.07% 6.89% 8.07% 7.86% 7.92% 7.05% 7.05%
10.41% 9.50% 8.52% 7.46% 6.68% 5.84% 5.53%

5.18% 3.82% 3.24% 2.41% 2.77% 3.18% 3.75%
9.27% 8.15% 8.46% 8.66% 8.66% 8.09% 7.83%
5.20% 7.95% 9.53% 8.79% 8.37% 9.21% 15.11%
8.31% 8.26% 9.76% 7.42% 6.72% 6.70% 10.23%
5.92% 5.99% 5.70% 5.81% 5.77% 5.50% 5.63%
1.68% 1.76% 1.57% 1.79% 1.78% 1.71% 1.74%
9.69% 7.61% 10.58% 7.40% 10.92% 9.70% 12.72%
14.77% 17.20% 14.93% 15.42% 14.95% 14.60% 15.34%
7.42% 5.10% 5.21% 5.81% 3.43% 3.25% 6.96%
11.95% 11.13% 10.65% 12.32% 11.18% 8.35% 8.89%
5.33% 5.92% 5.16% 4.73% 4.28% 3.92% 3.97%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
5.63% 5.90% 7.79% 10.15% 10.48% 7.75% 7.53%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3.75% 4.01% 3.78% 3.61% 3.57% 6.85% 7.54%
10.00% 9.07% 9.09% 8.68% 9.29% 8.13% 7.27%
... 3.30% 3.36% 3.25% 3.63% 3.10% 2.64%
1.78% 1.56% 1.53% 1.11% 1.41% 1.25% 1.92%
10.17% 10.42% 9.84% 8.63% 9.96% 15.80% 13.82%
7.23% 7.01% 8.08% 6.35% 5.97% 6.77% 6.41%
4.92% 4.94% 4.56% 4.47% 4.49% 4.43% 4.11%
4.39% 3.83% 3.52% 3.41% 2.89% 2.76% 2.73%
1.14% 1.24% 1.30% 1.20% 2.84% 3.44% 3.51%
3.39% 3.71% 3.55% 4.12% 4.95% 3.77% 3.45%
2.53% 3.04% 3.94% 3.67% 3.09% 3.50% 3.96%
13.21% 13.90% 11.89% 13.02% 12.57% 12.38% 14.18%
10.45% 11.22% 11.44% 13.12% 11.97% 8.22% 9.61%
0.68% 0.64% 0.53% 0.50% 0.56% 0.48% 0.52%
3.40% 4.22% 4.96% 6.19% 6.21% 4.55% 5.63%
9.25% 9.17% 8.81% 8.39% 8.20% 7.99% 7.48%
9.28% 8.48% 8.89% 7.75% 5.59% 7.29% 10.23%
3.59% 3.95% 3.67% 5.23% 7.59% 4.52% 5.52%
4.98% 4.68% 4.25% 4.40% 4.79% 4.49% 4.55%
6.55% 7.39% 6.30% 5.31% 6.80% 5.72% 5.50%
4.12% 3.69% 3.75% 2.98% 6.36% 3.76% 4.43%
4.52% 3.41% 3.16% 2.14% 2.25% 2.33% 2.35%
25.97% 28.57% 22.84% 20.80% 24.14% 15.79% 19.79%
3.16% 2.97% 2.81% 2.76% 2.48% 2.37% 2.21%
6.24% 9.83% 7.93% 5.47% 3.43% 5.80% 8.64%
25.65% 10.56% 8.73% 9.10% 9.50% ... ...
5.57% 5.86% 5.65% 5.67% 5.78% 5.43% 4.72%
6.37% 6.37% 6.14% 6.18% 6.10% 5.93% 6.03%
8.60% 7.90% 14.73% 9.36% 10.95% 15.94% 12.72%
6.74% 7.41% 9.38% 12.09% 11.54% 9.66% 9.58%
5.21% 5.18% 4.21% 3.43% 3.22% 3.96% 4.69%
5.54% 5.61% 5.50% 6.87% 7.72% 4.90% 1.38%
3.68% 3.79% 3.73% 3.84% 4.27% 3.59% 3.58%

... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
3.90% 4.24% 3.86% 3.38% 3.49% 3.61% 3.92%
3.76% 4.15% 4.34% 4.22% 3.82% 5.00% 4.66%
3.00% 2.82% 3.20% 2.83% 2.90% 3.24% 2.98%
0.43% 0.54% 0.90% 1.03% 1.65% 0.83% 0.67%
5.92% 5.70% 6.08% 5.16% 5.21% 6.10% 5.86%
3.34% 4.47% 5.63% 5.28% 4.64% 4.13% 4.06%
1.70% 1.86% 2.02% 2.58% 2.47% 2.40% 2.37%
2.30% 2.27% 2.17% 2.16% 1.80% 1.89% 2.02%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
2.75% 2.30% 2.36% 2.26% 2.83% 2.79% 2.82%
3.34% 3.24% 3.16% 2.66% 2.76% 2.89% 3.12%

9.37% 9.35% 9.55% 8.25% 8.04% 9.32% 9.06%
2.06% 1.88% 1.84% 1.73% 1.67% 1.84% 1.25%

3.98% 4.04% 4.02% 3.67% 3.85% 2.74% 4.20%
2.93% 3.09% 2.95% 2.66% 2.68% 2.31% 2.24%
7.61% 7.33% 7.04% 7.10% 4.90% 5.78% 6.06%
10.94% 8.75% 9.57% 10.54% 9.31% 8.26% 8.31%
5.82% 5.79% 5.48% 6.11% 6.00% 5.71% 6.06%
4.77% 4.67% 4.62% 4.59% 3.85% 2.96% 2.33%
4.58% 4.67% 4.24% 3.97% 3.70% 3.71% 3.79%
5.87% 5.49% 5.60% 4.80% 4.95% 4.88% 4.92%
6.03% 6.42% 6.09% 6.21% 6.80% 6.13% 6.72%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
5.45% 5.14% 4.83% 4.52% 4.73% 5.01% 5.06%

5.14% 4.58% 4.77% 4.65% 4.50% 4.36% 4.77%
2.95% 3.06% 3.33% 3.18% 2.77% 2.75% 2.91%
1.93% 1.63% 1.75% 1.67% 1.50% 1.41% 1.42%
3.65% 3.72% 4.28% 4.97% 10.50% ... ...

9.22% 8.91% 9.18% 9.35% 9.01% 8.08% 8.04%
9.39% 9.10% 9.32% 8.76% 8.15% 8.05% 8.15%
6.28% 4.82% 4.52% 4.79% 4.46% 4.05% 4.08%
17.59% 18.77% 18.40% 17.18% 18.36% 15.93% 14.45%
11.05% 9.89% 9.01% 8.39% 8.60% 7.25% 7.02%
5.26% 5.05% 4.91% 4.90% 4.93% 4.88% 4.97%

2.49% 2.62% 2.66% 2.28% 2.38% 2.51% 2.82%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
12.33% 12.25% 11.85% 11.17% 10.87% 9.66% 11.10%
2.37% 2.36% 2.15% 1.93% 1.77% 1.55% 1.73%
10.23% 9.93% 10.40% 9.80% 10.32% 11.14% 13.64%
7.83% 8.20% 9.49% 10.94% 11.05% 9.90% 10.19%

9.25% 9.59% 9.22% 8.77% 8.11% 8.42% 7.71%
5.22% 4.31% 4.46% 4.78% 4.08% 4.38% 3.92%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
4.99% 4.21% 3.79% 3.99% 4.04% 3.56% 4.11%
17.54% 11.22% 10.81% 13.81% 17.61% 22.21% 20.68%
6.00% 5.66% 5.21% 5.00% 5.17% 5.08% 5.02%
21.56% 20.03% 19.71% 11.38% 15.43% 15.58% 18.03%
6.32% 6.24% 6.06% 5.77% 5.22% 5.01% 4.92%
1.84% 1.55% 2.46% 2.92% 2.42% 2.28% 3.21%
8.38% 8.82% ... ... ... ... ...
3.45% 4.43% 5.04% 3.70% 3.71% 2.38% 2.10%

4.26% 4.65% 4.46% 4.92% 8.85% 8.30% 10.49%
3.07% 3.40% 3.46% 3.25% 3.63% 6.91% 3.78%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... 10.98% ... ... ... ... ...
3.80% 3.99% 4.41% 3.98% 3.87% 3.97% 5.62%

2.13% 2.08% 2.02% 1.82% 1.86% 1.75% 1.93%
3.82% 4.22% 8.74% 4.21% 3.93% 4.22% 5.02%
3.71% 3.42% 3.63% 3.15% 4.06% 4.04% 3.90%
2.45% 2.68% 2.81% 2.80% 3.00% 3.09% 3.30%
5.12% 5.12% 5.20% 5.11% 4.85% 5.45% 6.77%
2.55% 2.18% 2.90% 3.45% 2.74% 3.81% 4.41%
2.85% 2.73% 2.78% 3.06% 2.91% 3.99% 4.02%
4.37% 5.42% 5.36% 5.22% 4.83% 5.18% 5.63%
5.28% 5.93% 5.91% 4.93% 5.28% 6.78% 6.93%
2.82% 3.12% 3.69% 3.41% 4.12% 4.63% 4.70%
2.89% 2.90% 3.03% 3.20% 3.47% 3.72% 3.74%
4.59% 4.93% 4.72% 4.74% 5.09% 5.10% 8.12%
5.59% 5.65% 5.51% 5.26% 4.99% 4.68% 4.37%
4.76% 4.02% 6.01% 4.93% 4.97% 6.24% 6.42%
2.80% 3.08% 4.21% 4.29% 3.82% 4.28% 4.19%
2.23% 2.25% 2.43% 2.06% 2.49% 2.75% 2.83%
14.79% 17.13% 19.23% 16.26% 15.58% 15.47% 19.96%

10.56% 10.70% 11.84% 13.06% 15.27% 14.50% 14.71%
35.14% 40.64% 37.38% 36.88% 37.63% 45.65% 50.59%
7.14% 6.98% 6.14% 5.24% 5.11% 4.97% 5.54%
1.05% 1.05% 1.13% 1.05% 1.09% 0.90% 1.40%
12.20% 11.40% 11.40% 10.59% 10.31% 12.94% 16.14%
7.78% 8.67% 9.80% 9.58% 8.46% 39.21% 58.17%
1.54% 1.53% 1.54% 1.56% 1.56% 1.46% 1.63%

1.70% 1.71% 1.71% 1.72% 1.89% 2.23% 2.22%
4.31% 4.13% 4.69% 4.34% 4.39% 4.71% 4.62%
2.25% 2.53% 2.61% 2.58% 2.61% 3.04% 4.10%
2.52% 2.55% 2.54% 2.49% 2.32% 2.97% 4.44%
3.38% 3.31% 3.32% 3.25% 3.24% 3.31% 3.57%
2.61% 2.64% 2.80% 2.72% 2.59% 2.78% 3.08%
5.29% 5.60% 5.46% 5.10% 6.70% 7.61% 6.57%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
1.17% 1.13% 1.15% 0.98% 1.01% 1.03% 1.02%
2.78% 2.81% 2.71% 3.05% 2.99% 3.04% 3.04%
1.20% 1.18% 1.27% 1.23% 1.10% 1.43% 1.62%
1.39% 1.21% 1.41% 1.25% 1.13% 1.08% 1.38%
2.72% 2.88% 3.13% 3.01% 3.03% 3.11% 3.39%
3.46% 3.60% 3.67% 3.47% 3.62% 3.90% 4.00%
2.73% 3.10% 3.24% 2.90% 3.20% 3.17% 3.44%
2.98% 3.00% 2.92% 2.63% 2.71% 3.04% 3.21%
2.12% 2.12% 2.27% 2.25% 2.46% 2.76% 3.06%
2.05% 2.06% 2.18% 2.09% 1.96% 2.19% 2.20%
4.99% 5.01% 5.14% 4.33% 4.51% 4.71% 5.15%
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx ... ...
13.43% 12.04% 12.33% 11.33% 11.04% 10.66% 10.75%

4.42% 4.15% 4.18% 4.51% 4.76% 4.60% 4.15%
16.05% 13.92% 14.34% 14.39% 16.33% 15.49% 13.53%
11.01% 8.84% 9.34% 7.43% 6.23% 4.66% 4.15%
14.18% 13.52% 13.13% 11.79% 12.36% 12.18% 14.59%
16.24% 15.01% 15.20% 15.06% 14.56% 14.48% 14.49%
10.78% 10.02% 10.22% 9.87% 11.98% 11.23% 9.45%
15.06% 15.64% 15.20% 15.48% 15.24% 10.72% ...
21.34% 21.57% 19.18% 18.03% 18.15% 16.98% 20.66%
... ... ... ... 21.99% 26.88% ...
30.71% 25.94% 23.15% 22.51% 22.81% 22.67% 24.04%
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Footnotes and special notes
The following special notes are used in each worksheet

† Figures for these countries do not include military pensions
‡ Figures for these countries are for current spending only (i.e. exclude capital spending)
§ Figures for these countries are for the adopted budget, rather than actual expenditure
¶ Figures for these countries do not include spending on paramilitary forces
‖ This country changed or redenominated its currency during the period; all current price local currency figures have been convert
Numbered footnote references can be found in each of the data sheets

1
2 Afghanistan: Afghanistan’s FY runs from Mar. to Feb. The figures are for core budget expenditure on the Afghan Na
3 Albania: The figures for Albania prior to 2006 do not fully include pensions.
4 Algeria: The figures for Algeria are budget figures from 2004. In July 2006 the Algerian government issued supplem
5 Argentina: The figures for Argentina in constant US$ are uncertain due to the lack of official inflation data (CPI) for
6 Armenia: If the figures for Armenia were to include military pensions they would be 15-20% higher.
7 Azerbaijan: The figures for Azerbaijan for 2011 to 2015 include allocations of 1087, 1123, 1172, 1172 and 1271 mil
8 Bahrain: The figures for Bahrain do not include extra budgetary spending on defence procurement, but it does includ
9 Bangladesh: The figures for Bangladesh to include figures or estimates for paramilitary forces.
10 Bolivia: The figures for Bolivia include some expenditure for civil defence.
11 Bosnia and Herzegovina: The figures for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2005 onwards are for the armed forces of Bo
12 Brunei: The local currency figure for Brunei for 2003 is for a special 15-month FY from Jan. 2003 to Mar. 2004. FY
13 Bulgaria: NATO has provided figures for Bulgaria including pensions from 2006-2008: 1393, 1712 and 1749 million
14 Central African Republic: Investment expenditure for CAR for 2005 amounted to 775 000 CFA. francs.
15 Democratic Republic of Congo: The figures for the Democratic Republic of Congo do not include profits from exten
16 Libya: The figures for Libya do not include spending on paramilitary forces. The figures for Libya up to 2008 do not
17 Morocco: Morocco has had multiple changes of financial year. Up to and including 1994, the financial year is from J
18 Côte d'Ivore: Figures for Côte d'Ivore are for the adopted budget up to 2003. Figures for the latest year is the adopted
19 Eritrea: Figures for Eritrea in 1995 include expenditure for demobilization. Eritrea has not publicly reported military
20 Gabon: The figures for Gabon from 2004 have been significantly revised compared with the previous edition of the d
21 Since 2012, Spending figures for Gambia has consistently been reported by the Ministry of Finance. Actual expendit
22 Since 2014, Ghana's military spending includes an additional category called 'internally generated funds'.
23 Guinea: The figures for Guinea might be an underestimate as the IMF reports large extra-budgetary spending for the
24 Guinea Bissau: The figures for Guinea Bissau up to 2005 may include military aid. An armed conflict broke out in G
25 Liberia: The figures for Liberia are reported in US dollars. While the Liberian dollar still exists as a national currenc
26 Madagascar: Figures for Madagascar include expenditure for the gendarmerie and the National Police. Revised budg
27 Mozambique: Figures for Mozambique include expenditure for the demobilization of government and RENAMO so
28 Nigeria: A provisional investigation into embezzlement of funds intended for military procurement reports 'extra-bud
29 Rwanda: The figures for Rwanda for 1998 are from the official defence budget. According to the IMF there are addi
30 Senegal: Senegal's expenditure for paramilitary forces in 1998 amounted to 21100 million CFA francs.
31 Sierra Leone: The figures for Sierra Leone in 1998 and 1999 are not available due to the coup d'etat and subsequent
32 Somalia: Somalia reports its national budget in US dollars, although the national currency, the shilling, is still in ope
33 South Sudan: South Sudan became independent from Sudan on July 9th 2011. Under the terms of the Comprehensiv
34 Sudan: The figures for Sudan are for spending on military, policy and security and do not include possible off-budge
35 Eswatini: eSwatini was formally renamed from Swaziland in 2018. The figures for eSwatini for 2008 and 2010 are e
36 Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe abandoned the Zimbabwean dollar in April 2009 and now mainly uses the US dollar. All figu
37 Costa Rica: Costa Rica has no armed forces and thus no military spending
38 Cuba: Figures for Cuba are for Defence & Internal Order. No figures for Cuba exist since 2018
39 El Salvador: The figures for El Salvador include military pensions from the Armed Forces Pensions Fund for 2002-2
40 Haiti: The Haitian defence forces were disbanded in 1994 and replaced by the national police which also has coast gu
41 Honduras's military spending includes military pensions. However, in 2023 an estimate for pensions based on the gro
42 Nicaragua: The figures for Nicaragua includes military aid from USA and Taiwan for the years 2002 - 2009 of 12.5,
43 Panama: The Panamanian defence forces were disbanded in 1990 and replaced by the national guard, consisting of th
44 USA: All figures for the USA are for financial year (1 Oct. of the previous year-30 Sep. of the stated year) rather tha
45 Chile: The figures for Chile are for the adopted budget. The figures for Chile include direct transfers from the state-o
46 Colombia: The figures for Colombia in 2002 – 2007 include special allocations totaling 2.5 billion pesos from a war
47 Ecuador: Ecuador changed its currency from the sucre to the US dollars on 13 March 2000, at a rate of one dollar to
48 Guyana: The figures for Guyana for 2000-2021 may not be directly comparable to those from 1988-1995.
49 Paraguay: The figures for Paraguay in 2003 are for the modified budget, rather than actual expenditure.
50 Peru: The figures for Peru before 1997 are based on data from the Peruvian Ministry of Defence and are suspected to
51 Venezuela: Due to sharp depreciation in the bolivar from 2014, the use of the official fixed exchange rate between bo
52 Kyrgyzstan: The figures for Kyrgyzstan is an estimate based on SIPRI's assessment of the % share of defence in the
53 Turkmenistan: The coverage of the series for Turkmenistan varies over time due to classification changes in the Turk
54 Uzbekistan: The figures for Uzbekistan expressed in constant US dollars should be seen in the light of considerable d
55 China: The figures for China have been revised in this edition of the database based on revised estimates for Chinese
56
57 North Korea: The figures for North Korea are as reported by North Korean Authorities. They do not include investm
58 South Korea: The figures for South Korea do not include spending on 3 "special funds" for relocation of military ins
59 India: The figures for India include expenditure on the paramilitary forces of the Border Security Force, the Central R
60 Pakistan: The figures for Pakistan include paramilitary forces and pensions. Military spending in the Public Sector D
61 Sri Lanka: The figures for Sri Lanka for 2000 do not fully reflect the special allocation of 28 billion rupees for war-r
62 Indonesia: The figures for Indonesia exclude substantial off-budget funds received by the armed forces from a variet
63 Malaysia: The figures for Malaysia for 2015 do not include 630 million ringgits from the state budget, and 230 milli
64 Myanmar: The figures for Myanmar (Burma) are not presented in current US dollar terms before 2012 owing to the
65 Philippines: The figures for the Philippines are slightly overstated as they include spending on Veterans Affairs. Up
66 Timor-Leste: The local currency figure for Timor-Leste for 2007 is for a special 6-month FY July-Dec. 2007. Previo
67 Viet Nam: The defence budget of Viet Nam has been declared to be a state secret according to media sources. The fi
68 Fiji: The figures for Fiji do not include spending on military pensions, or capital expenditure. For the years 2010-201
69 Papua New Guinea: Figures for Papua New Guinea before 2004 are for the recurrent part of the budget, excluding de
70 Croatia: The figures for Croatia for 2004-10 include sums allocated from central government expenditure for repaym
71 Czechia: The figures for the Czechia do not include military aid to Afghanistan or Iraq. Aid to Afghanistan was 18.7
72 Czechoslovakia: Czechoslovakia was divided into the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia on 1 Jan. 1993.
73 Estonia: Estonia merged their Border Guard Service with the National Police in 2010, and are no longer classed as a
74 The German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) ceased to exist in Oct. 1990 when it was unified with the F
75 Latvia adopted the Euro on the 1st January 2014, at a transition rate of €1 = 0.702804 lats. All figures have been con
76 Montenegro: Montenegro declared its independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro on 3 June 2006
77 North Macedonia: The definition of military expenditure for North Macedonia changed from 2006. Border troops we
78 Poland: The figures for Poland exclude some defence spending in other ministries, and additional domestic defence s
79 Montenegro seceded from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro 3 June 2006. The figures up to 2005 are for th
80 Yugoslavia: Former Yugoslavia has a separate entry up to and including the year 1991. Constant dollar figures are n
81 Georgia: The budget figures for Georgia for 2003 are believed to be an underestimation of actual spending because o
82 Moldova: Adding all military items in Moldova's budget, including expenditure on military pensions and paramilitar
83 Russia: For the sources and methods of the military expenditure figures for the USSR and Russia, see Cooper, J., 'Th
84 Ukraine: Figures for Ukraine are for the adopted budget up to 2007. Given the conflict in the east of the country, and
85 Finland: Finland military spending includes pensions and paramilitary forces. Estimates for pensions were made for
86 Iceland: Iceland does not have a standing army/military and thus no military expenditure.
87 Italy: Figures include spending on paramilitary forces (i.e. Carabinieri).
88 Luxembourg: The figures for Luxembourg after 2000 may not be fully consistent due to the merger of the paramilita
89 Spain: The figures for Spain includes spending on pensions, R&D and military intelligence which are not included e
90 Switzerland: Figures for Switzerland do not include expenditure on military pensions or paramilitary forces, or spend
91 The estimate for the UK was revised in 2021. For more information on UK spending see: Tian, N., and Béraud-Sudr
92 Iran: The figures for Iran include spending on the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) which is defined as a p
93 Iraq: The figure for Iraq for 2014 is an estimate based on the budget for Defence & Security, and is particularly unce
94
95 Kuwait: Kuwait has had muliple changes of financial year. The financial years beginning in 1969 hrough 1973 are fr
96 Oman: Figures reported for Oman is for Defence and Security, D and S included the police, customs border guard an
97 Saudi Arabia: The figures for Saudi Arabia are for defence and security, including the Ministry of Interior. Figures fo
98 United Arab Emirates: The military expenditure of the United Arab Emirates is uncertain and lacking in transparency
99 Yemen: The Republic of Yemen was formed in 1990 from the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) a
100 North Yemen: North Yemen merged with South Yemen into the Republic of Yemen in 1990. Figures in the table for
101 France: The figures for France from 2006 are calculated with a new methodology due to a change in the French budg
102 Qatar: Data was found for Qatar in 2021 for the 1st time in since 2010. The figure for Qatar is for 'Defence and Secu
103 European Union: In July 2022, the European Defence Fund (EDF), the instrument established by the Commission to
104 Taiwan: SIPRI’s figure for Taiwan includes the official defence budget and the two off budget procurement mechani
urrency figures have been converted to the latest currency.
get expenditure on the Afghan National Army. Military aid from foreign donors is not included in Afghanistan's figures but instead counted in donor spen
erian government issued supplementary budgets increasing the total expenditure by 35 per cent. It is not clear if any of these extra funds were allocated to
of official inflation data (CPI) for the period 2007–2017, following the IMF Declaration of Censure on 17 September 2012 on Argentina's official data du
e 15-20% higher.
7, 1123, 1172, 1172 and 1271 million manats respectively for "special defence projects" in addition to the main defence budget. No budget allocation on "
ce procurement, but it does include spending on the national guard.
rds are for the armed forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was formed in 2005 from the Croat-Bosniac army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzego
from Jan. 2003 to Mar. 2004. FYs up to 2002 are Jan.–Dec, those from 2004 onwards are Apr.–Mar.
008: 1393, 1712 and 1749 million Leva for 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. The sharp jump in spending in 2019 is the once-off payment for the procur
775 000 CFA. francs.
do not include profits from extensive military-run mining operations.
gures for Libya up to 2008 do not include development expenditure, which in 2008 amounted to 1,000 million dinar. The figures from 1959-1982 are not
1994, the financial year is from January to December. Financial year 1995 is a transitional 18-month year from January 1995 to June 1996. From 1996/97
es for the latest year is the adopted budget, while 2014-2017 are actual spending figures.
has not publicly reported military expenditure figures since 2003.
with the previous edition of the database. The figures for Gabon exclude off budget spending financed by the Provisions pour Investissements Hydrocarb
nistry of Finance. Actual expenditure was reported for 2020, revised for 2021 and budget for 2022.
nally generated funds'.
extra-budgetary spending for the military.
An armed conflict broke out in Guinea Bissau in 1998, which led to a substantial increase in defence expenditure, especially in 2000/01. According to the
ar still exists as a national currency, the Liberian economy is heavily dollarized, and in particular the Liberian national budget is only reported in US dollar
he National Police. Revised budgets are available up to the year 2019. Spending for 2020 and 2021 are based on budgets and 2022 are revised figures.
of government and RENAMO soldiers and the formation of a new unified army from 1994 onwards. It does not include possible off-budget military finan
ary procurement reports 'extra-budgetary interventions' of N644 billion ($3.2 billion) and a further $2.2 billion in funding in foreign currency, between 200
cording to the IMF there are additional sources of funding for military activities, both within the budget and extra-budgetary. The figures for 2005 and 200
million CFA francs.
o the coup d'etat and subsequent civil war.
urrency, the shilling, is still in operation. The figures for Somalia from 2013 are for the budget only. No economic data is available for recent years and thu
er the terms of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005, southern Sudan was governed by the autonomous Government of Southern Sudan within th
do not include possible off-budget financing from oil revenues. Since the civil war erupted in 2022 there has been no military data available.
eSwatini for 2008 and 2010 are estimates based on the Defence, Public Order and Safety budget, and are subject to considerable uncertainty.
mainly uses the US dollar. All figures for Zimbabwe have been converted into US$ at the market exchange rate for the year in question. Constant price US
Forces Pensions Fund for 2002-2023. Except for the latest year, which is based on a budget, military pensions are based on actual payments.
nal police which also has coast guard functions. Haitian ministry of defence reappeared in the national budget in 2012 and thus a military spending figure
mate for pensions based on the growth of military spending was made because no data for pensions was available.
or the years 2002 - 2009 of 12.5, 16.9, 13.6, 11.1, 7.3, 28.8, 12.2 and 11.6 million gold cordobas, respectively. The data for Nicaragua up to 1981 may no
he national guard, consisting of the national police and the air and maritime services. SIPRI does not count this as military spending. Thus, Panama is mar
Sep. of the stated year) rather than calendar year. US military expenditure includes a portion of the total spending of the National Intelligence Programme
de direct transfers from the state-owned copper company Corporacion Nacional del Cobre (CODELCO) for military purchases. Since 2004, the MOD has
aling 2.5 billion pesos from a war tax decree of 12 August 2002. Most of these allocations were spent between 2002-2004.
ch 2000, at a rate of one dollar to 25 000 sucres. The current price figures for each year represent the dollar value of military expenditure at the market ex
those from 1988-1995.
n actual expenditure.
y of Defence and are suspected to come from different stages of the budget process. The figures for Peru from 2005 onwards now include off-budget finan
al fixed exchange rate between bolivar and USD is no longer possible. Thus alternative exchange rates have been used from 2013, this is a combination o
t of the % share of defence in the country's budget line; Defence, Public Order and Security. The figure also includes an estimate of the country's paramilit
classification changes in the Turkmenistan system of public accounts. No information has been available since 1999.
seen in the light of considerable difference between the official and the unofficial exchange rates. No military spending information has been available sin
d on revised estimates for Chinese military expenditure. For more information on the revised estimates please see: Tian, N., and Su, F., 'A New Estimate o
ties. They do not include investment in the arms industry and R&D in dual-use technology, or various social welfare services provided through the militar
nds" for relocation of military installations, relocations of US bases, and Welfare for Troops. These amounted to 449.3 billion, 1048.8, 1285.2, 916.7 and
order Security Force, the Central Reserve Police Force, the Assam Rifles, the Indo-Tibetan Border Police and, from 2007 the Sashastra Seema Bal but do
y spending in the Public Sector Development Plan amounted to 2.3, 5, 3.9, 1.4, 1.8, 4.2, 2.3, 2.5, 2.5 and 0.5 billion rupees in 2008-2017 respectively.
ion of 28 billion rupees for war-related expenditure.
by the armed forces from a variety of sources including revenues from military-owned foundations and co-operatives, and the leasing of land from the pri
m the state budget, and 230 million ringgits from the state oil company Petronas, for military and police expenditure in the Eastern Sabah Security Zone.
r terms before 2012 owing to the extreme variation of in stated the exchange rate between the kyat and the US dollar. Stated exchange rates vary from 6.07
pending on Veterans Affairs. Up to 2010 these amounted to around 1b. pesos or less, but in 2011 and 2012 this increased to 13.9b. and 8.3b. pesos respect
month FY July-Dec. 2007. Previous FYs, up to 2006/2007, are July-June; FYs from 2008 are Jan.-Dec
ccording to media sources. The figures for Viet Nam for 2010-2018 are estimated based on spending as a % of GDP provided in the 2019 Vietnamese Def
penditure. For the years 2010-2013, capital expenditure on the Fiji Military Forces amounted to 2.7, 5.6, 7.3 and 4.7 million Fijian dollars respectively. Fo
nt part of the budget, excluding development expenditure.
overnment expenditure for repayments on a loan for a military radar system. The sums allocated were 160, 431.1, 147.8, 91.4, 53.2, 54.6 and 55.2 million
raq. Aid to Afghanistan was 18.7 million koruny in 2004 and 612.6 million koruny in 2007. Aid to Iraq was 1.1 million koruny in 2005.
ublic of Slovakia on 1 Jan. 1993. Figures in the table for constant dollars are based on subsequent CPI and exchange rate data for the Czech Republic, and
10, and are no longer classed as a paramilitary force by SIPRI. This accounts for much of the decrease in Estonian military spending in 2010.
90 when it was unified with the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). The figures for GDR, pre-1989, in constant US dollars are based on subse
04 lats. All figures have been converted into Euros using this rate. Figures for Latvia do not include allocations for military pensions paid by Russia, whic
a and Montenegro on 3 June 2006 and was accepted as a member of the United Nations on 28 June 2006.
nged from 2006. Border troops were transfered from the Ministry of Defence to the Ministry of Interior Affairs and part of the military pensions, previousl
and additional domestic defence spending such as the Armed Forces Modernization Fund (AFMF) and some additional Defence R&D. Between 2004 and
The figures up to 2005 are for the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until February 2003) and for 200
991. Constant dollar figures are not available due to the lack of reliable economic data for Yugoslavia.
ation of actual spending because of the political turmoil during the year.
military pensions and paramilitary forces, would give total miltiary expenditure for 2005, 2006 and 2007 of 343, 457 and 530 million lei, respectively.
SR and Russia, see Cooper, J., 'The military expenditure of the USSR and the Russian Federation, 1987–97', SIPRI Yearbook 1998: Armaments, Disarma
lict in the east of the country, and resulting substantial additional budgetary allocations during the year, the figures for 2014 onwards should be treated wi
mates for pensions were made for the years 2001-2006. Finland joined the NATO alliance in 2023.
ue to the merger of the paramilitary Gendarmerie with the regular police to form the Police Grand-Ducale (PGD), and changing methodologies by NATO
lligence which are not included either in the main defence budget or figures supplied by NATO.
ns or paramilitary forces, or spending by cantons and local government. From 1990-2006, military spending by cantons and local government typically am
g see: Tian, N., and Béraud-Sudreau, L., 'Reassessing SIPRI’s military expenditure estimate for the United Kingdom', SIPRI Topical Backgrounder, <http
ps (IRGC) which is defined as a paramilitary force. Figures also include pensions termed as 'Armed Forces Social Security Organization'. The exchange r
Security, and is particularly uncertain due to the war with the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) that broke out during 2014. The figures for Iraq d
nning in 1969 hrough 1973 are from July to June. The financial year beginning in 1974 is from April 1974 to March 1975 (thus overlapping with the prev
e police, customs border guard and several other non-military activities. The border guard could arguably be considered as militarized, the police and cust
he Ministry of Interior. Figures for 2016 are actual spending, while previous years are adopted budgets. The figures for Saudi Arabia for 2015 include 20
certain and lacking in transparency. Official documents and IMF reports sometimes give figures for defence spending, but only covering "goods and servic
n Arab Republic (North Yemen) and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen).
n in 1990. Figures in the table for constant dollars are based on subsequent price and exchange rate data for the united Republic of Yemen, and should be
ue to a change in the French budgetary system and financial law. Military spending includes a supplementary budget of 3.0 bn euros extra allocated to 'de
or Qatar is for 'Defence and Security'. SIPRI does not have military expenditure data for Qatar for the period 2011–20.
established by the Commission to foster research and development (R&D) collaboration among companies across EU member states, announced the resul
o off budget procurement mechanisms adopted recently in response to growing threats from China. These include the special budget for new combat aircra
but instead counted in donor spending. No military expenditure data is available since the Taliban retook control of Afghanistan in 2021.
hese extra funds were allocated to the military. Between the years 2016-18, Algeria published the exact the same amount of spending for its military.
12 on Argentina's official data due to Argentina's provision of inaccurate data. On 9 November 2016, the IMF lifted the censure but the CPI series in the In
budget. No budget allocation on "special defence project" was found since 2016.
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska. The figures prior to 2005 include expenditure for both the army o
e once-off payment for the procurement of new combat aircraft.
e figures from 1959-1982 are not necessarily compatible with those from 1997-2008. The figures from 1997-2008 are not necessarily comparable to those
1995 to June 1996. From 1996/97 to 1999/2000, the financial year is from July to June. Financial year 2000 is a transitional 6-month period from July-De
s pour Investissements Hydrocarbures (PIH), an investment fund based on tax revenues from foreign oil companies active in Gabon (see International Mo
ially in 2000/01. According to the IMF, the increase was financed by a credit from the banking system, and by promissory notes. Due to the conflict, no d
dget is only reported in US dollars. All figures for Liberia have thus been converted into US dollars.
s and 2022 are revised figures.
possible off-budget military financing (loans) acquired in 2013. Spending for the latest year is reported as a budget while previous years are actual expend
g in foreign currency, between 2007 and 2015. If these reports are correct, then Nigerian military spending may have been about 28% higher than in the re
tary. The figures for 2005 and 2006 include allocations for the African Union (AU) peacekeeping missions. Rwanda switched from a January-December t
available for recent years and thus no figures in constant US$ or % of GDP.
ment of Southern Sudan within the Sudanese state pending a referendum on final status in 2011. Figures for South Sudan prior to 2011 refer to the military
itary data available.
iderable uncertainty.
ar in question. Constant price US$ figures before 2009 have been calculated using implicit dollar CPI figures provided by the IMF. The figure in 1999 inc
on actual payments.
nd thus a military spending figure has been included for the years 2012-2023.
for Nicaragua up to 1981 may not be directly comparable to the data from 1990 onwards.
ry spending. Thus, Panama is marked as 1 of the three countries (other 2 being Costa Rica and Iceland) in the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database as hav
National Intelligence Programme, which SIPRI has judged to be defined as military-related activities. US figures includes estimates of military aid to Ukr
hases. Since 2004, the MOD has built up a surplus from unspent portions of these transferred funds, which in 2011 were placed in a Strategic Contingenc
tary expenditure at the market exchange rate for that year. For the years 1984-85 another data source from the Central Bank records much higher figures f
ards now include off-budget financing. This is transfer of gas production revenues from state-owned company CAMISEA for the armed forceso of which
rom 2013, this is a combination of DICOR, SICAD and DICOM (from 2014 onwards). The figure from 2015 to 2017 should be treated with caution due t
estimate of the country's paramilitary force which is part of Public Order.
information has been available since 2003.

N., and Su, F., 'A New Estimate of China’s Military Expenditure', SIPRI Background Paper, Jan. 2021 <https://www.sipri.org/publications/2021/other-pu
vices provided through the military sector. Due to lack of economic data, no figures are provided for current USD, constant USD, spending as a share of G
illion, 1048.8, 1285.2, 916.7 and 943.6 billion Won in 2009-2013 respectively.
7 the Sashastra Seema Bal but do not include spending on military nuclear activities.
es in 2008-2017 respectively.
d the leasing of land from the private sector. The size of these revenues are not known, but are thought to be small as a percentage of overall military spen
he Eastern Sabah Security Zone. The precise proportion of these sums that are for the armed forces is not known.
ted exchange rates vary from 6.076 to 960 Kyat/US$ (2003). The figures for 2011-2016 are from the official state budget, and may not be directly compar
d to 13.9b. and 8.3b. pesos respectively.
vided in the 2019 Vietnamese Defence White Paper. Not figures are available for the years 2019-2023.
lion Fijian dollars respectively. For the years 1998 to 2002 Fijis spending on military pensions amounted to roughly 3.5 per cent of annual military spendi
91.4, 53.2, 54.6 and 55.2 million Koruny in 2004-2010 respectively. Payments continued in 2011, but figures are not available, so a figure of 55.2 million
koruny in 2005.
data for the Czech Republic, and should be interpreted with caution.
ry spending in 2010.
tant US dollars are based on subsequent price and exchange rate data for the united Germany, and should be interpreted with caution.
ary pensions paid by Russia, which averaged 27 million lats per year over 1996-1998.
of the military pensions, previously entirely excluded, are now included. In 2019, Macedonia officially changed its name to North Macedonia.
Defence R&D. Between 2004 and 2016 these additional sums varied between about 240 million and 640 million Zlotys. No AFMF for 2017 and onwards
until February 2003) and for 2006 onwards for Serbia alone.
d 530 million lei, respectively.
book 1998: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1998), appendix 6D, pp. 243–59. For more informatio
014 onwards should be treated with level of uncertainty. Spending figures include military pensions, paramilitary and border guards. In 2022 and 2023 Uk
hanging methodologies by NATO, the principle source for the data, as to the proportion of the PGD included in the figures.
and local government typically amounted to between 5-8% of the central government spending figures.
IPRI Topical Backgrounder, <https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2021/reassessing-sipris-military-expenditure-estimate-united-kingd
ity Organization'. The exchange rate used in the conversion of Rials to US$ is based on the NIMA rate launched by the central bank of the Islamic Republ
during 2014. The figures for Iraq do not include spending on the National Defence Council, the Office of the Chief of the Armed Forces or the Directorate
75 (thus overlapping with the previous financial year). Data is missing for the financial year beginning 1975. From 1976/77 to 1999/2000, the financial ye
as militarized, the police and customs not. Estimate of Oman military spending is based on the proportion of personnel in military and police. This gives a
Saudi Arabia for 2015 include 20 billion rials of additional spending on military operations in Yemen, no figure was provided for 2016. The Ministry of F
t only covering "goods and services" i.e. not salaries or military equipment. However, IMF reports gave figures for spending on "Abu Dhabi Federal Serv
epublic of Yemen, and should be interpreted with caution.

3.0 bn euros extra allocated to 'defence' in 2015, 1.5 bn euros in 2016 and 162 mil euros in 2017. This is added to the original LdF budget. In 2019, the Fr
ember states, announced the results of its 2021 call for proposals, with $1.3 billion being split among 61 projects. This is considered the 2022 military exp
cial budget for new combat aircraft since 2020 and Sea-Air Combat Power Improvement Plan since 2022. In 2023, these two funds totalled NTD 108.3 bi
hanistan in 2021.
of spending for its military.

censure but the CPI series in the International Financial Statistics of the IMF, which is the standard source for SIPRI's calculation of constant price data, st
de expenditure for both the army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Army of Republika Srpska. Data for Bosnia and Herzegovina does
t necessarily comparable to those for 2012-2014. No information has been available since 2015.
onal 6-month period from July-December 2000. From 2001 onwards, the financial year is from January to December.
e in Gabon (see International Monetary Fund (IMF), Gabon: Request for Stan-by Arrangement-Staff Report; Staff Statement; Press Relase on the Executi
ry notes. Due to the conflict, no data data is available for 1999.
e previous years are actual expenditures.

n about 28% higher than in the reported figures. Figures for Nigeria before 1999 are understated because of the use by the military of a favourable specific
tched from a January-December to a July-June Fiscal Year from July 2009, in accordance with the East Africa Community guidelines. A bridging 6-mont
prior to 2011 refer to the military spending of the Government of Southern Sudan on the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA). South Sudan changed
y the IMF. The figure in 1999 includes a supplementary allocation of New Z$ 1.8 million (US$51.9 million). In 2019 a new Zimbabwean dollar was form
itary Expenditure Database as having no military expenditure.

es estimates of military aid to Ukraine. These are include financial contributions, training and operational costs, replacement costs of the military equipme
placed in a Strategic Contingency Fund for future equipment spending. The SIPRI figures continue to count the transfers from CODELCO rather than ac
ank records much higher figures for Ecuador than those given: $278 million and $361 million respectively. It is possible that these figures reflect major ar
A for the armed forceso of which 75% of the total gas revenue is alloated to the military.
ould be treated with caution due to the very high rate of inflation and currency depreciation in Venezuela. The figures for Venezuela include off-budget m
ri.org/publications/2021/other-publications/new-estimate-chinas-military-expenditure>.
ant USD, spending as a share of GDP, per capita and as a share of government spending.
ercentage of overall military spending.
t, and may not be directly comparable with earlier figures which are from secondary sources. The new 2011 constitution also allows the chief of staff of th
per cent of annual military spending. Spending figures from 2014 deducts reimbursement received from PKO operations.
ilable, so a figure of 55.2 million Koruny has been included in the figures for 2011 as an estimate. The loan repayments concluded in 2011, according to t
to North Macedonia.
No AFMF for 2017 and onwards. Poland's 2023 military spending includes funding from the armed forces support fund (AFSF) which accounts for 27%
pp. 243–59. For more information on Russia's military spending, see: https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2020/russias-military-spe
rder guards. In 2022 and 2023 Ukraine received military assistance in the form of financial support and donations of equipment from several countries; ho
expenditure-estimate-united-kingdom>.
entral bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran in April 2018.
Armed Forces or the Directorate of Disarmament and Integration of Militias, which totaled 308 and 314 billion dinars in 2011 and 2012 respectively. Spe
77 to 1999/2000, the financial year is from July to June. Financial year 2000/2001 is a transitional 9-month period from July 2000 to March 2001. From 2
n military and police. This gives an estimate of roughly 75% military and 25% security. Oman military spending is thus 75% of the reported Defence and
vided for 2016. The Ministry of Finance consistently reports significant overspending on the state budget, but again, the defence & security component of
ding on "Abu Dhabi Federal Services" in 2014, said to be mostly for military spending. An estimate of UAE military spending was done by taking 80% o
ginal LdF budget. In 2019, the French military spending series was revised to better account for the military activities of the Gendarmerie. The entire Fren
considered the 2022 military expenditure by the EU. In 2023, this amounted to 934 million euros or $1009 million. The EDF is funded through the memb
two funds totalled NTD 108.3 billion (USD 3.5 bn), compared to the official defence budget of NTD 409.2 billion (USD 13.1 bn).
culation of constant price data, still does not include official CPI data for Argentina. Since lifting the declaration of censure, a new national CPI has been
or Bosnia and Herzegovina does not include spending on arms imports.
ment; Press Relase on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive director for Gabon, Country Report no. 07/174 (IMF: Washington
e military of a favourable specific dollar exchange rate. The large increase in 2021 was the result of a supplementary budget passed in 2021 that added N7
ty guidelines. A bridging 6-month mini-budget was enacted for the first half of 2009. Spending for the latest year is in the form of a budget while previou
my (SPLA). South Sudan changed currency upon independence from the Sudanese Pound to a new currency, the South Sudanese Pound, at a rate of 1 for 1
new Zimbabwean dollar was formally introduced as a replacement of the multi-currency regime that relied heavily on the US$. However, by 2021 due to s
ment costs of the military equipment stocks donated to Ukraine and payments to procure additional military equipment for the Ukrainian armed forces. How
s from CODELCO rather than actual spending.
that these figures reflect major arms purchases made by Ecuador following the war with Peru in 1981.
Venezuela include off-budget military spending from the National Development Fund FONDEN, created in 2005 and funded by contributions from the C
also allows the chief of staff of the armed forces to draw unlimited additional funds from a *special fund* without the consent of parliament. It is not kno
concluded in 2011, according to the Croatian government.
(AFSF) which accounts for 27% of Poland's total military spending.

ounder/2020/russias-military-spending-frequently-asked-questions
ipment from several countries; however, these are not included in SIPRI’s estimate of Ukraine’s military spending but rather in the donor country's budge
n 2011 and 2012 respectively. Spending for Iraq does not include paramilitary forces.
July 2000 to March 2001. From 2001 onwards, the financial years are from April to March. Kuwait's figure includes national guard or paramilitary forces.
75% of the reported Defence and Security budget.
defence & security component of such additional spending is unknown. The figures for Saudi Arabia may not include billions of dollars of military aid.
nding was done by taking 80% of the Federal Services figure, plus, the MOD goods and services figure, or estimates of this where not available. No milit
the Gendarmerie. The entire French military spending series has been revised back to 1949.
EDF is funded through the member states contributions towards the common EU budget and thus are not part of the member states military expenditure to
ure, a new national CPI has been disseminated starting in 2018. This can be found in the IMF's World Economic Outlook. However, this new CPI series i
ort no. 07/174 (IMF: Washington, DC, May 2007), p. 13.
dget passed in 2021 that added N716.7 billion to the existing budget. The large reduction in 2022 was the result of the supplementary budget not including
he form of a budget while previous years are actual expenditures.
udanese Pound, at a rate of 1 for 1. Conversion to the new currency therefore does not affect the figures. Unclear if the MOD figure includes pensions. Fig
US$. However, by 2021 due to sharp rates of devaluation the country is re-dollarizing. Figures for Zimbabwe's military spending from 2020 are quoted i
r the Ukrainian armed forces. However, it does not include the estimated value of military equipment stocks donated to Ukraine.
unded by contributions from the Central Bank and the state oil company PDVSA. Actual figures for FONDEN are from 2005-2015, estimates are made fo
onsent of parliament. It is not known if this facility has been used so far.
ther in the donor country's budget.
onal guard or paramilitary forces.
lions of dollars of military aid.

this where not available. No military spending information is available since 2014.
mber states military expenditure total.

k. However, this new CPI series is inconsistent with both the pre-censured official CPI data and the estimated inflation data produced by the Harvard-MIT
pplementary budget not including any additional military spending and thus spending fell from the large 2021 increase. In 2023, the supplementary budge
OD figure includes pensions. Figures do not include possible off-budget funding from the state oil company. Figures for 2021 are actuals and 2022 and 20
spending from 2020 are quoted in US$. These are converted from the new local currency at the officially quoted exchange rate provided by the Central B
2005-2015, estimates are made for 2016 and 2017 based on 5-year rolling average of the share of off-budget spending to total military spending.
ata produced by the Harvard-MIT Billion Prices Project. In an effort to provide consistent longitudinal data, SIPRI has therefore constructed a series of es
n 2023, the supplementary budget included additional military allocations that boosted the regular military budget by an additional 34 per cent.
2021 are actuals and 2022 and 2023 are based on the budget.
ge rate provided by the Central Bank of Zimbabwe.
total military spending.

herefore constructed a series of estimated inflation data for the period 2007-2020. The period 2007-2017 was based on estimated inflation data produced b
additional 34 per cent.

timated inflation data produced by the Harvard-MIT Billion Prices Project (Cavallo and Bertolotto, ‘Filling the gap in Argentina’s Inflation Data’, May 20
rgentina’s Inflation Data’, May 2016). From 2018, the CPI series is based on the percentage change of the CPI data obtained from the IMF World Econom
ined from the IMF World Economic Outlook. The lack of a consistent single CPI series is the main reason for SIPRI to mark Argentina's military expendi
mark Argentina's military expenditure in constant US$ as uncertain.

SIPRI-Milex-data-2010-2023 (1)

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SIPRI-Milex-data-2010-2023 (1)

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The SIPRI Military Expenditure Database includes data for 173 countries for the period 1949-2023.

This workbook includes the following worksheets:

lculating calendar year data from financial year data, for

rding to calendar year.

y reproduction of more than 10% of the entire dataset, requires

ined to consist of 3,500 individual units of data, where a unit of

Notes regarding estimates and regional coverage

fore 1988 due to the lack of data for the USSR.

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 (current prices)

Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia

Korea, North, Laos, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Syria, Yemen, North, Yemen

Country Currency Fiscal Year (Jan-Dec if not stated) Notes

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

421866000000 631076000000 723123000000 806509000000 955926000000

321743000000 341875000000 395680000000 587869000000 673000000000

30051000 31093000 30220000 37337000 40666000

19255000000 21808000000 19978000000 18764000000 20076000000

13541000000 16654000000 20703000000 28050000000 40209000000

25250000000 26320000000 24320000000 27110000000 30097000000

14063000000 15464000000 11486000000 12136000000 16000000000

714416818764 809532888744 916093363882 1016541251005 1118775896577

542000000 516000000 513200000 516400000 719500000

221300000000 264500000000 324700000000 388100000000 413300000000

19321000000 19877000000 19820000000 19022000000 18788000000

147600000000 145600000000 152900000000 182100000000 190411000000

2430000000 2452800000 2480600000 2432000000 2491200000

316900000 388600000 444500000 506700000 554700000

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

1047926000000 1118297000000 1118297000000 1118297000000 1230000000000

433216000000 452356000000 508175000000 501224000000 536216000000

39025000 44892700 46518300 46737000 49554200

23900000000 23474000000 30761000000 29025000000 29949000000

50621000000 66586000000 90372600000 107976300000 150843600000

33914000000 37076000000 35167900000 36699000000 38305200000

11439000000 12850000000 13055000000 14561000000 18200000000

1223943320381 1320288106530 1423815484450 1538488817315 1660217293105

537490000 564000000 451790000 492760000 590000000

453700000000 438500000000 452375000000 516580000000 709870000000

16671000000 16250000000 17199000000 18995000000 21670000000

213811000000 207270000000 214218000000 247895000000 313275000000

2403400000 2609600000 2797100000 2870400000 2980200000

542200000 566081000 576300000 574400000 585700000

1230330000000 1230000000000 1300000000000

573920000000 614988000000 747658000000

52882800 53581400 46647200

31289000000 31976000000 33707000000

199750400000 292006900000 565830000000

41031200000 46129730000 47419437000

22155000000 23217000000 ...

1780532612711 1844823702498 1964343311987

606000000 610200000 597700000

640920000000 687800000000 536920000000

21348000000 23072000000 25848000000

308016000000 312193000000 347007000000

3368900000 3548500000 3434900000

528200000 519400000 519374000

Country Currency Notes 2010 2011

art of the year in question.

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

723123000000 806509000000 955926000000 1047926000000 1118297000000

395680000000 587869000000 673000000000 433216000000 452356000000

30438250 35557750 39833750 39435250 43425775

20435500000 19067500000 19748000000 22944000000 23580500000