KOREAN

ENGLISH
“Jeong”

Population as of
June 2024:
51,746,995
KOREAN ENGLISH (Konglish)
in the
New Englishes of the World
 Historical Background
Early Exposure to English late 19th
Century
Japanese Occupation Era (1910-1945)
Post-Korean War Era (1950s onwards)
English proliferation in Korea
EDUCATION SYSTEM
English curriculum in public schools and higher education
Role of private language institutes (hagwons)
Importance of standardized tests like TOEIC and TOEFL
English proliferation in Korea

MEDIA AND POP CULTURE

English in Korean pop music (K-pop), cinema, and TV

English proliferation in Korea
GOVERNMENT POLICIES

National English Ability Test (NEAT)

Teaching English in English (TEE) Program
English Villages
English Education in Public Schools
TOEIC and TOEFL
EPIK (English Program in Korea)
Global Bridge Project
Early English Education Programs
Free Semester Program
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN
ENGLISH
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH

Phonological Features Hangul character 'ㄹ' (rieul)

CONSONANT SUBSTITUTION
/r/ and /l/:

Light → "right"
Glass → "grass"
Rice → "lice"
Rabbit → "labbit"
Real → "leal"
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH

Phonological Features
CONSONANT SUBSTITUTION
/r/ and /l/

Red → "led"
Road → "load"
Arrival → "alival"
Rain → "lain"
Library → "liblaly"
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH voiced dental fricative /ð/

Phonological Features
voiceless dental fricative /θ/
voiced alveolar fricative /z/
voiceless alveolar fricative /s/

CONSONANT SUBSTITUTION
Interdental Fricatives:

Think → "sink" or "tink"

This → "dis" or "zis"
Thank → "tank"
Mother → "muhder"
Bath → "bass"
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH

Phonological Features
CONSONANT SUBSTITUTION
Interdental Fricatives:

Brother → "brudder"
Thick → "sick" or "tick"
Father → "fader"
Month → "mont"
Healthy → "helty"
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH

Phonological Features
VOWEL SUBSTITUTION
Vowel Length:

Sheep (/ʃiːp/) → "ship" (/ʃɪp/)

Beat (/biːt/) → "bit" (/bɪt/)
Fool (/fuːl/) → "full" (/fʊl/)
Pool (/puːl/) → "pull" (/pʊl/)
Seen (/siːn/) → "sin" (/sɪn/)
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF KOREAN ENGLISH

MORPHOLOGICAL AND SYNTACTIC

FEATURES
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words
Ramyeon (라면) - Instant noodles
Selca (셀카) - Selfie
Bang (방) - Room
Skinship (스킨십) - Physical contact or closeness
Fighting (화이팅) - Encouragement, like "Go for it!"
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Handphone (핸드폰) - Mobile phone

Eye shopping (눈팅) - Window shopping or browsing
without intention to buy
Anni (애니) - Anime
Aegyo (애교) - Cute behavior or acting cute
Chimaek (치맥) - Combination of fried chicken and beer
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Hompeu (홈페이지) - Homepage

Minteu (민트) - Mint flavor or minty
Mindu (마인드) - Mindset or attitude
Jokbal (족발) - Pig's trotters or pig's feet
Meokbang (먹방) - Eating show or broadcast
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Fighting pose (파이팅 포즈) - Fist pump or motivational

gesture
Keopi (커피) - Coffee
Skin lotion (스킨 로션) - Skin lotion or moisturizer
Item (아이템) - Item or object
Parking (파킹) - Parking or parking lot
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

T-shirt (티셔츠) - T-shirt

Bodyguard (보디가드) - Bodyguard
Service (서비스) - Complimentary item or service
Ticket (티켓) - Ticket
Aircon (에어컨) - Air conditioner
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Shopping (쇼핑) - Shopping

Drive-through (드라이브 스루) - Drive-through
PC room (PC방) - Internet cafe or PC room
Convenience store (편의점) - Convenience store
Idol (아이돌) - Celebrity or pop idol
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Hobby (호비) - Hobby

Health (헬스) - Fitness or health club
Fashion (패션) - Fashion
Hotel (호텔) - Hotel
Camera (카메라) - Camera
KONGLISH: Korean-English Hybrid Words

Fast food (패스트 푸드) - Fast food

Parking ticket (주차 티켓) - Parking ticket
Hand cream (핸드 크림) - Hand cream
Shopping mall (쇼핑몰) - Shopping mall
Ice cream (아이스크림) - Ice cream
Konglish Borrowed English Words
컴퓨터 (keompyuteo) - computer
텔레비전 (tellebijeon) - television
레스토랑 (reseutorang) - restaurant
아이스크림 (aiseukeurim) - ice cream
택시 (taeksi) - taxi
Konglish Borrowed English Words
버스 (beoseu) - bus
헤어스타일 (heoseutail) - hairstyle
파티 (pati) - party
머신 (meosin) - machine
피자 (pija) - pizza
Konglish Borrowed English Words
메뉴 (menyu) - menu
아르바이트 (areubaiteu) - part-time job
모닝콜 (moningkol) - wake-up call
페인트 (peinteu) - paint
크레딧 카드 (keuredit kadeu) - credit card
Konglish Borrowed English Words
팩스 (paekseu) - fax
파티션 (patisyeon) - partition
파크링 (pakeuring) - parking
모니터 (moniteo) - monitor
쇼핑 (syoping) - shopping
Konglish Borrowed English Words
헬스클럽 (helseukeulleob) - health club
매니저 (maenijeo) - manager
컨설팅 (keonseolting) - consulting
판매 (panmae) - sale
스타일 (seutail) - style
Konglish Borrowed English Words
토스 (toseu) - toss
테이크아웃 (teikeuaus) - takeout
바닷가 (badatga) - beach
매니큐어 (maenikyueo) - manicure
클리닝 (keullining) - cleaning
Konglish Borrowed English Words
인터뷰 (inteobyu) - interview
쇼 (syo) - show
코리아 (koria) - Korea
애프터파티 (aepeteopati) - after party
카페 (kafe) - cafe
Konglish Borrowed English Words
카메라 (kamera) - camera
트레이닝 (teureining) - training
피크닉 (pikeunik) - picnic
골프 (golpeu) - golf
스키 (seuki) - ski
SOCIOLINGUISTIC ASPECT OF
KOREAN ENGLISH
Code-Switching
경청해 주셔서 감사합니다
Thank you for listening.

(c)
https://youtu.be/1tF7DLqDX8c?si=ES1apLdssCYexupj
https://youtu.be/Uju5iAVwzeQ?si=hSqn9301JX1TBPI0