UNIT -3

FIRST PHASE OF NATIONAL MOVEMENT

1.Name the important leaders of Early Nationalist.
2.Mention the important objectives of Early Nationalist.
3.Describe the two methods followed by the Early
Nationalist.
4.With reference to Early Nationalist leaders, Explain the
contributions of:
(i)Dada bhai Naoroji
(ii)Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(iii)Surendranath Banerjee

ANALYTICAL QUESTIONS
1. What according to the Early Nationalists was an obstacle in India's
progress?
2. What did the Early Nationalists demand for the industrial growth of
India?
3.Imagine that you got a chance to interview one of the Early Nationalist
leaders. On the basis of interview, express your views on the Early
Nationalist leader's beliefs as well as the methods used by him.
4.Suppose you want to present the demands of the people of your area
to the MLA of your area. State which methods followed by the Early
Nationalists you would choose and why?
5.The Early Nationalists were practical and wanted to win freedom by a
gradual process. In this context, answer the following:
(a) How did they expose the true nature of British rule in India?
(b) What was the attitude of the Early Nationalists towards the
British? Why did they develop such an attitude?
 (c) What were the reasons for the partial failure of their methods.
6.The period from 1885 to 1905 was dominated by the Early
Nationalists. In this context, answer the following questions:
(a) To which segment of society they belonged? What were their
demands?
(b) What methods did they adopt?
(c) How did the Early Nationalists help in the growth of nationalism
in India?

DADABHAI GOPAL KRISHNA S.N. BANERJEE

NAOROJI GOKHALE

[1825 -1917] [1866 – 1915] [1848 – 1925]

 Mumbai,  Kohlapur,Maharashtra  Bengal

Maharashtra

 Political Guru (Mentor)  Father of

 Grand Old of Mahatma Gandhi Indian
Man of India Nationalism
 India’s
Unofficial  The Indian
Ambassador in Burke
BIRTH England.
 Father of
the Drain
Theory.
 1905 – Servants of
Popularly Known India Society
 1876 – Indian
as  1865 – Association
founded the
‘London Indian  1883 – Indian
Society’. National
Conference, later
 1866 – merged with the
founded East Congress.
India Association
in London.
SOCIETY /
ORGANISATION  Founded the
Bombay
Association
 GOPAL KRISHNA
GOKHALE
S.N. BANERJEE

DADABHAI  ‘Bengalee’-
NAOROJI newspaper

 edited ‘Rast
Goftar’

 started a
NEWSPAPERS magazine
 1905
‘Dharma Marg
Darshak’  1895
 1902

 1886  ‘A Nation in
 1893 the Making’
 1906
PRESIDENT OF
 favoured the use of
CONGRESS
constitutional means to
achieve goals.  Initially
 ‘Poverty and
believed that
Un-British Rule
British rule was
in India’
good for India.
BOOKS
Later believed in
WRITTEN  criticized the British India’s right to
government for spending Self Governance.
 was in favour heavily on the army, for
of appointing adopting a policy of racial
educated Indians discrimination in  believed in
VIEWS
to high posts. appointments to high Constitutional
posts and for imposing methods for
production tax and excise attaining goals.
duty on cotton.
 believed that  wanted
the root cause  wanted to make reforms in the
for economic ills primary education British
in India was the compulsory. administration.
exploitation by
the British  wanted reduction in  He supported
land revenue. the Swadeshi
 Drain Theory Movement.
– India’s wealth  wanted jobs for
was being taken educated middle class.
away to England
in the form of  He pleaded for
salaries, reduction in salt duty.
 savings,  He was in favour of
pensions, state protection to infant
maintaining Indian industries.
British troops in
India and
payments being GOPAL KRISHNA
made to the war GOKHALE
office from Indian
Revenues
 most popular leader of
the INC.

 made strong pleas for S.N. BANERJEA

reforms in the Legislative
Councils and for
separation of the Judiciary  1st Indian to
DADABHAI and the Executive qualify the ICS
NAOROJI exams
 played an important
ACHIEVEMENTS role in the passage of the  Set up his
 1 Indian
st
Minto – Morley Reforms own school which
member of the developed into
British House of  was a member of the Ripon College,
Commons and Indian Public Service – Calcutta.
one of the the Imperial Legislative
founders of the Council.
Congress  1st Indian to be
 helped in the reduction appointed
 It was due to of toll tax Minister of Health
his efforts that in in the Bengal
1893 the House  was responsible for Legislative
of Commons persuading Gandhiji to Council.
passed a return to India. Was
resolution in known as ‘The Political  Agitated
favour of holding Guru of Gandhiji’ against the
the I.C.S. Licence Act, Arms
Examination in  awarded the title of Act and
England and C.I.E Vernacular Press
India .ie, ‘Companion of Act.
simultaneously. the
Indian Empire’  Agitated
 1906 – against lowering
demanded the age for the
‘Swaraj’ for the ICS exams.
1st time.
 Opposed
 Resolutions the Minto–
on Self- Morley Reforms
government, and the division of
Swaraj, Boycott, Bengal
Swadeshi and
National  Was against
Education were Separate
passed under his Electorates for
Presidentship. Muslims.
  started
movements
against the
Vernacular
Press Act and
the atrocious
treatment of poor
peasants by
zamindars.

MCQ
1.In the starting years of the formation of congress was headed by group of leaders
called as:___________________
a.First Congress
b.The Early Nationalist
c.Middle Class
d.Assertive Nationalist

2.Which among the following were not the belief of the Early Nationalist?
a.They had faith in sense of justice and fair play
b.British rule have many benefits
c.British rule help Indians to govern themselves
d.To demand for complete freedom

3.Which one of the following is not the P of three P’s?

a.Pledge
b.Petition
c.Prayer
d.Protest

4.Which viceroy supported the Indian National Congress?c

a.Lord Lyton
b.Lord William
c.Lord Dalhousie
d.Lord Dufferin

5.________________ is popularly known as the grand old man of India.

a.Lala Lajpat Rai
b.Subash Chandra Bose
c.Mahatma Gandhi
d.Dada Bhai Naoroji

6._______________ started the magazine Dharm Marg Darshak.

a.Lala Lajpat Rai
b.Subash Chandra Bose
c.Mahatma Gandhi
d.Dada Bhai Naoroji
7.Name the Early Nationalist from Maharashtra who founded the Servants of Indian
Society.
a.Jawahar Lal Nehru
b.Mahatma Gandhi
c.Dada Bhai Naoroji
d.Gopal Krishna Gokhale

8.Name the book written by Surendranath Banerjee from the following:

a.Nation in the Making
b.poverty and British rule in India
c.Bengalee
d.Drain Theory

9.___________________ was authored by book Dada Bhai Naoroji.

a.Poverty and Unbritish rule in India
b.Bengalee,
c.Swaraj
d.Nation in the Making

10. ___________________ was authored by book Dada Bhai Naoroji.

a.1885-1907
b.1907-1916
c.1916-1947
d.1948-1982

11.The moderate leader who explained the economic drain theory during the colonial
times:
a.Mahatma Gandhi
b.Dada Bhai Naoroji
c.Lala Lajpat Rai
d.Subash Chandra Bose

12.The resolution for simultaneous examination for the ICS in London and India was
passed in_____________.
a.1890
b.1891
c.1892
d.1893