REPORT ON

PROPULSION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR

WARSHIP INS HIMGIRI (P-17A)

Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. (FOJ

Unit , Kolkata)

DEBANJAN MAITY
(2021EEB035)
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
(INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, SHIBPUR ,HOWRAH)

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project report entitled “PROPULSION CONTROL
SYSTEM FOR WARSHIP INS HIMGIRI (P-17A)”, is a bonafide record of the
work carried out by Mr. Debanjan Maity (2021EEB035) of Department of
Electrical Engineering of Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology,
Shibpur, Howrah under my supervision and guidance, for the fulfilment of the
requirements of Summer Internship at Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
Ltd. during the time period 06th June 2023 to 19th July 2023.

Navneet Soni Lakshman Kumar

Deputy Manager Manager (L&W- FOJ)
(L&W - FOJ)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my sincerest gratitude to my guides at GRSE for their invaluable
guidance and support throughout the successful completion of this project. Their
expertise and mentorship have been instrumental in shaping my understanding
and enhancing my skills.
I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Smt Lipi Das, General Manager
(HR&A) Division and the respected General Manager of GRSE Ltd., (FOJ Unit,
Kolkata) for providing me with the opportunity to be a part of the L&W
Department, (FOJ Unit, Kolkata). This opportunity has been instrumental in my
professional growth and learning.I am immensely grateful to the authorities of
the L&W Department, FOJ Unit, for granting me the privilege to undergo
vocational training on board ship INS Himgiri. The practical exposure and hands-
on experience gained during this training have been truly invaluable.
I would also like to express my appreciation to all the individuals who have
provided their assistance, support, and guidance during this vocational training.
Their contributions have been pivotal in making this training a meaningful and
enriching experience.
Once again, I extend my heartfelt thanks to everyone involved.
Yours faithfully,
Debanjan Maity
(Vocational Trainee)

CONTENT

S.NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

 1 Introduction 1

2 Brief History 2

3 Projects Under GRSE 4

4 About FOJ 9

5 List of personal Safety Gears 10

6 Test Equipments Bay 11

7 INS HIMGIRI 14

8 Power Generation and Distribution 16

9 Automatic power management system (APMS) 18

10 Propulsion System over-view 19

11 Gas Turbine LM2500 20

12 Diesel Engine 24

13 Controllable Pitch Propeller 25

14 Gear-Box system 26

15 Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS) 28

16 Propulsion Control Console (PCC) 29

17 Local Operating Panels 30

18 Conclusion 33

INTRODUCTION

This project report encompasses the four-week vocational training conducted at

Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd, (FOJ Unit, Kolkata) focusing on
“Propulsion Control System for Warship INS Himgiri.” Throughout the training

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period, I gained practical knowledge and hands-on experience in the installation,
inspection, trial testing, and commissioning of various electrical equipment
related to Propulsion control used in warships. Additionally, I delved into the
intricacies of Gas Turbine , Controlled Pitch Propellor across the ship. I was
fortunate to have Mr. Navneet Soni, Assistant Manager (L&W FOJ Unit, Kolkata)
as my mentor, who provided comprehensive guidance and shared fundamental
concepts related to warship generation and distribution systems. During the
training, I also had the opportunity to study the frame numbering of the warship
and gather detailed information about various components such as switchboards,
starters, transformers, and the Automated Power Management System (APMS),
IPMS,PCC,LOP installation on the warship. Our safety was of utmost
importance, and we adhered to all necessary precautions, wearing boiler suits,
safety shoes, and helmets while onboard the ship. During the initial week of the
training, we participated in a Fire Training Programme at GRSE, where we
learned how to effectively use different types of fire extinguishers for various fire
scenarios. In the second week, we focused on safety measures and precautions
during a Safety Training Programme at GRSE. Throughout the training period,
the officers and technicians provided valuable assistance and support,
contributing significantly to the successful completion of this report on
PROPULSION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR WARSHIP INS HIMGIRI (P-17A).
I am immensely grateful for their guidance and assistance, as their expertise and
encouragement played a vital role in enhancing my understanding of this
specialized field. Their continuous support and the knowledge gained during this
vocational training have been instrumental in shaping my professional
development. In the subsequent sections of this report, I will provide detailed
insights into the power generation and distribution systems employed in warships,
highlighting the essential components, their functions, and the critical safety
measures involved.

BRIEF HISTORY OF GARDEN REACH

SHIPBUILDERS AND ENGINEERS Ltd.

Established in 1884, Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd (GRSE) began
as a small workshop for repairing vessels of the River Steam Navigation
Company. In 1960, the company was taken over by the Government of India,
marking the start of its dynamic growth and diversification. Reflecting its
expanded activities, the company was renamed Garden Reach Shipbuilders &
Engineers Ltd.
GRSE achieved a significant milestone in 1961 when it delivered its first warship,
INS Ajay, to the Indian Navy within a year of being taken over by the Ministry
of Defence. Since then, GRSE has delivered a remarkable 140+ warships,
Submarine to the Indian Navy, Indian Coast Guard, Mauritius Coast Guard, and
Seychelles Coast Guard, making it the only shipyard in India to achieve this
centennial mark. In 2014, GRSE further demonstrated its capabilities by
delivering India's first warship for export, the Offshore Patrol Vessel CGS
Barracuda, to Mauritius.
As a Public Sector Undertaking under the Ministry of Defence, Government of
India, GRSE is recognized as one of the leading shipyards in the country and the
premier yard in the East. It holds the distinction of being the first Indian shipyard
to build 100 warships. GRSE specializes in building a wide range of ships, from
modern warships to sophisticated commercial vessels, and from small harbour
craft to fast and powerful patrol vessels. It is also unique in having its own
engineering and engine manufacturing divisions, enabling it to deliver
comprehensive solutions.
With over a century of excellence, GRSE continues to embrace the challenges of
the new millennium. In recognition of its achievements, GRSE was conferred the
status of Mini Ratna- Category I on September 5, 2006. In addition to
shipbuilding and ship repairs, GRSE has diversified into the engineering
business, offering pre-fabricated steel bridges, various deck machinery items, and
assembly, testing, and overhauling of marine diesel engines.

GRSE operates shipbuilding facilities in Kolkata and a diesel engine plant in

Ranchi. With its rich experience and forward-looking approach, GRSE is poised
to contribute significantly to the maritime industry and meet the evolving needs
of its clients.

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 PROJECTS UNDER GARDEN REACH
SHIPBUILDERS AND ENGINEERS LTD. (GRSE)

GRSE is engaged in the production of three main types of products:

1. Shipbuilding
2. Bally Bridges and Deck Machinery Items
3. Diesel Engine

1. Shipbuilding :
Shipbuilding is the core focus of GRSE, and it has successfully delivered
various types of ships over the years, including:

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 Fig.1 ship building yards

• Frigates:
GRSE has built Frigates such as INS Brahmaputra, INS Betwa, and INS Beas
for the Indian Navy.

• Anti-Submarine Warfare Corvette:

GRSE has designed and built the Kamorta Class Ships, which are advanced
frontline warships equipped with stealth features, rapid gun mountings, anti-
aircraft guns, torpedo launchers, and various radars and sensors.

• Missile Corvette:
GRSE has constructed the Kora Class Corvette, armed with surface-to-
surface and surface- to-air missiles, anti-aircraft guns, radars, and an
electronic warfare system.

• Landing Ship Tank:

GRSE has built Landing Ship Tanks capable of carrying vehicles and troops,
equipped with anti- aircraft guns, chaff, electronic warfare systems, and an
Automated Power Management System (APMS).

• Landing Craft Utility:

GRSE has developed the LCU Mark IV, the largest LCU in the world,
designed for transporting troops and equipment from ship to shore and vice
versa.

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• Survey Vessel:
GRSE has constructed the modern Oceanographic Research cum
Hydrographic Survey Vessel, capable of conducting various hydrographic
and oceanographic research missions. INS Sandhayak is an example of this
type of vessel.

• Fleet Replenishment Tanker:

GRSE has built Fleet Replenishment Tankers, which provide logistical
support to warships at sea by replenishing them with fuel, ammunition, fresh
water, and other supplies.

• Offshore Patrol Vessel:

GRSE has designed and built Offshore Patrol Vessels that serve multiple
purposes, including anti-piracy operations, search and rescue, anti-
smuggling, and fisheries protection.

• Inshore Patrol Vessels and Fast Patrol Vessels:

GRSE has manufactured cost-effective Inshore Patrol Vessels and Fast Patrol
Vessels, enhancing maritime security and combat capability.

• Hovercraft:
GRSE has supplied high-speed amphibious hovercraft to the Indian Coast
Guard, serving as versatile platforms for various operations.

• Fast Interceptor Boat:

GRSE has supplied fast interceptor boats to the Ministry of Home Affairs for
deployment in different states and union territories.
2. Bally Bridges and Deck Machinery Items :
GRSE's engineering division manufactures portable steel bridges, deck
machinery items, and marine pumps.

• Portable Bridges:

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 GRSE is a pioneer in manufacturing portable steel bridges, supplying them to
various organizations for over 40 years.

• Deck Machinery Items:

Fig 3. Portable Steel Bridge GRSE produces boat davits, single-arm davits,
marine pumps, windlasses, anchor capstans, helicopter traversing systems,
and other deck machinery for naval ships and coast guard vessels.

Fig. 4 Under Slung Anchor Caps ton Fig 5. LCA Davit

Fig 2. Steel Suspension Bridge Fig 3. Portable Steel Bridge

Fig 6. Windlasses

•Pumps:

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 GRSE designs pumps in-house for naval ships and submarines, including
the SNF/SNM class ships and EKM type submarines.

FIg 7. Centrifugal Pump

3. Diesel Engine:
GRSE operates a state-of-the-art diesel engine assembly, overhauling, and
testing plant in Ranchi. In collaboration with MTU Germany, GRSE
undertakes the assembly and maintenance of MTU diesel engines. The plant
is equipped with test bench facilities and staffed by trained service
personnel.

Fig 8. Diesel Engine

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 ABOUT FOJ (Fitting Of Jetty) Unit

The FOJ (Fitting of Jetty) Unit is a crucial stage in the shipbuilding process at
Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd (GRSE). Once the hull of the ship
is completed in the main unit, it is transported to the FOJ Unit for the final fitting
operations.
At the FOJ Unit, a variety of shops are involved in the fitting operations, including
the pipe shop, machine shop, and structural shop. Each shop contributes to the
installation of specific components and equipment necessary for the ship.
The FOJ Unit is responsible for installing all the essential electrical equipment,
electronic devices, and major machinery on the ship. This includes the wiring
systems, control panels, communication devices, navigation equipment,
propulsion systems, and more.
By bringing together these different shops and departments, the FOJ Unit ensures
the seamless integration of various systems and components, resulting in a fully
functional and operational vessel. The unit plays a vital role in the successful
completion of the shipbuilding project.

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The FOJ Unit serves as the final stage where the ship undergoes comprehensive
fitting, preparing it for its intended purpose, whether it is for military, commercial,
or other maritime application. fig9.FOJ
shipyards

LIST OF PERSONAL SAFETY GEARS

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 TEST EQUIPMENTS BAY

Frequency Meter:
• Use: Measures the frequency of an electrical signal.
• Working Principle: Typically operates by converting the
input frequency into a proportional mechanical displacement
or digital readout. It counts the number of cycles per second
(Hertz) of the input signal.

Multimeter:
• Use: Measures voltage, current, and
resistance; some models also measure
capacitance, frequency, and temperature.
• Working Principle: Combines several
measurement functions in one unit, using
moving-coil galvanometer for analog models
or ADC (analog-to-digital converter) for digital models.

Rheostat :
• Use: Adjusts resistance in an
electrical circuit, allowing for
control of current flow.
• Working Principle: Consists of a
resistive wire or carbon element with
a sliding contact (wiper) that changes
the resistance value as it moves.

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Lux Meter:
• Use: Measures the illumination level in lux (lx).
• Working Principle: Uses a photoelectric sensor
to convert light intensity into an electrical signal,
which is then displayed as lux.

Chart Recorder:
• Use: Records electrical or physical
parameters over time on paper charts.
• Working Principle: Translates electrical
signals into mechanical movement that
drives a pen or stylus across a chart.

Frequency Counter:
• Use: Measures the frequency of
an input signal.
• Working Principle: Counts the number of
cycles of a periodic signal within a specific
time period using a time base
microprocessor.

Oscilloscope:
• Use: Visualizes electrical signal
waveforms over time.
• Working Principle: Converts electrical
signals into visual traces on a screen
using an electron beam in cathode-ray tubes
(CRT) or digital display in modern versions.

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Stroboscope:
• Use: Measures and observes rotating
or oscillating objects.
• Working Principle: Emits flashes of light
at adjustable frequencies to make moving
objects appear stationary or slow-moving.

Signal Generator:
• Use: Produces electrical signals of
varying frequencies, amplitudes, and waveforms.
• Working Principle: It Generates signals using
oscillators, amplifiers, and modulators to create
desired waveforms.

Tong Tester (Clamp Meter):

• Use: Measures current without breaking the circuit.
• Workiing Principle: Uses a split- core transformer to
measure the magnetic field around a conductor
and thus determine the current flowing through it.

Megger Meter:
• Use: Measures the insulation resistance of
electrical circuits and equipment.
• Working Principle: Works on the principle of
electromagnetic attraction. When a primary coil that is
carrying current is placed under the vicinity of a
magnetic field it experiences a force.This kind of force
generates a torque that is made to deflect the pointer of the
device which gives some reading.

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13
 INS HIMGIRI
INS Himgiri is the second ship of the Nilgiri-class stealth guided missile frigates
currently under construction by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers for the
Indian Navy. Its launch signifies GRSE's commitment to building three state-of-
the-art warships of the P17A class for the Indian Navy.
INS Himgiri is a successor to the Project 17 Shivalik-class frigate and is the first
of three advanced stealth warships of the Project 17A class. The Indian Navy has
contracted GRSE and Mazagon Dock to construct a total of seven ships under
Project 17A, with each ship named after an Indian hill range like Shivalik,
Himgiri, Nilgiri, Taragiri, Udyagiri, and others.

Fig 10. INS HIMGIRI

The launch of INS Himgiri showcases GRSE's dedication to building state-of-
the-art warships for the Indian Navy. The shipyard has enhanced its infrastructure
and skills to meet the challenges of constructing P17A ships. The construction of
INS Himgiri is taking place at Yard 3025 of the FOJ Unit of GRSE.
These P17A ships represent the first gas turbine propulsion and the largest combat
platforms ever built by GRSE. INS Himgiri is a guided missile frigate, measuring
149 meters in length and 17.8 meters in width. It has a displacement of 6,670 tons
and a speed of 28 knots, with a range of 5,500 nautical miles. The deck height is
2.4-2.5 meters, and the ship features a total of 100 frames spaced 1.5 meters apart,
ranging from -5 to 95.

14
These ships will also incorporate state-of-the-art indigenous electronic systems
and sensor suites. The weapons systems are integrated with BrahMos and
LRSAM missiles, along with the MF STAR radar and indigenous sonar system.
Powering the P17A frigates are two GE LM2500 marine gas turbines and two
diesel engines configured in a combined diesel or gas (CODOG) turbine setup.

Power Generation and Distribution System for INS

HIMGIRI

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 Diesel Alternators (DAs): The ship has four synchronous brushless diesel
alternators: H1 (FWD), L1 (AFT) on the starboard side, and H2 (FWD), L2 (AFT)
on the port side. Each alternator has a rating of 1 MW, 415V, 3 PH, 50Hz.
 Emergency Diesel Generator: Ensures essential machinery and systems
continue to operate in case of main power system failure.
 Synchronization: DAs are synchronized with each other in the Main Switch
Board compartment.
 Power Distribution: Power goes from the main switchboard to feeder sections,
then to equipment via sub-distribution panels.
 Configuration Options:
1. Independent Generators: Each alternator can supply power independently
to its respective or neighbouring sections.
2. Main Switchboard Configuration: Alternators supply power to both
sections of the switchboard.
3. Parallel Operation: Two alternators can run in parallel, supplying power to
the entire ship.
4. Ship and Shore Supply: Alternators provide power to specific sections
while others receive shore supply (avoid paralleling with shore supply).
5. Harbor Mode: Ship alternators supply power to their sections and other
ships ashore in harbour.
 Circuit Breakers: Circuit breakers are placed between the Main Switch
Boards (MSBs) and the feeder section to isolate faults and prevent them from
affecting other connected systems.
 Main Switch Board Sections:
1. Interconnector Section: Connects alternators (H1 with H2 and Į1 with Į2).
2. Shore Supply Section: Provides connection to shore when the ship is not
sailing.
3. Diesel Generator (DG) Breaker Section: Connects generators to the MSB
via DG breakers.
4. Synchronizing Section: Ensures precise matching of parameters for
synchronized alternators.
5. Feeder Section: Distributes power evenly across different ship sections.

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 Synchronization of Generators: Matching voltage, frequency, phase angle,
and waveform for reliable power supply.
 MSB Feeder Section: Maintains integrity and reliability by managing electrical
demand across ship zones.
 Sub-Distribution Panels (SDPs): Divide power into subsidiary circuits with
individual protection (fuses or circuit breakers).
MAIN POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
The diesel alternators must be synchronized when the load connected to them
reaches their respective 1MW ratings. The process of matching an alternator's
voltage, frequency, phase angle, phase sequence, and waveform with a stable
power system is known as synchronization of generators. To supply electricity
to an electric power system, these factors must be precisely matched. When
many alternators cooperate to produce power to bigger loads, synchronization
becomes essential. By connecting the alternators that are running in parallel,
you can enable them to handle greater and more variable electrical loads over
time.The generators' voltage and frequency must be matched for the
synchronization process to occur.To accomplish synchronization, the generator's
engine speed and exciter current are managed. The generators can be
synchronized using synchronscopes or the three-bulb system, with the latter
being used in an emergency. Synchronization, or paralleling of alternators or
generators, is the process of successfully matching the parameters of the
generators with the busbar.Once the generators are synchronized, power is
distributed through the feeder

AUTOMATIC POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(APMS)

1. Automatic Start and Off-loading: The APMS automates Diesel Alternator

(DA) start and off-loading to prevent preferential tripping.
2. Load Management:
o If DA load exceeds 85%, the APMS waits for 8 seconds, then signals the
standby generator to start.

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 o Load transfer and paralleling occur once synchronized. o If load drops below
85%, the system waits 15 minutes before off-loading.
3. Remote Control: APMS allows remote and automatic control of individual
sections or entire Main Switchboards.
4. Load Distribution: Automatically distributes active load when two alternators
run in parallel.
o Maintains a maximum 10% load difference between parallel alternators.
o Provides overload protection and starts standby alternator as needed.
5. Emergency Response:
o Faulty alternator shuts down during emergencies.
o Standby alternator starts instantly.
o System trips supply breaker for voltage or frequency issues.
o During total power failure, standby alternator connects to de-energized buses.
6. Reverse Power Protection: APMS safeguards alternators from reverse power.
o Monitors and controls two diesel alternators operating in parallel or
individually.

PROPULSION SYSYEM AT INS HIMGIRI

The INS HimGiri, the second Project 17A frigate for the Indian Navy, features an
advanced propulsion system. Let me break it down for you:
1. Propulsion Configuration:
o The frigate uses a combined diesel and gas (CODOG) propulsion system.
o The INS HimGiri is equipped with:
 Two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines, manufactured by GE
Aviation.
 Two MAN 12V28/33D STC four-stroke diesel engines,
manufactured by MAN Diesel & Turbo.

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 2. Speed and Performance:
o With this propulsion system, the frigate can achieve a speed of over 28
knots.
o It’s a significant milestone for Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
Limited (GRSE), as the Project 17A ships are the first gas turbine
propulsion and largest combat platforms ever built at GRSE

GAS TURBINE LM2500 OVERVIEW

For the LM2500 unit simulated within this model, the output power from the LP
turbine is 20MW. The following data is taken from the simulation model when
operating at this power output.

Fig.11 Basic Over-View of Propulsion

System

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BASIC OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF GAS
TURBINE UNIT

21
 Fig12. Gas turbine module within
housing

1. Compressor Section:
o Air enters the compressor, where its pressure increases.
o The multistage axial flow compressor consists of a rotor and a stator.
o High-pressure air is directed into the combustion section.
2. Combustion Section:
o Fuel preparation, mixing, and burning occur here.
o The annular combustor has components like the cowl assembly, dome, inner
skirt, and outer skirt.
o Swirl cups stabilize the flame, and cooling air protects the dome.
3. Combustion Air Flow:
o Primary combustion and cooling air enter through closely spaced holes.
o Dilution holes in outer and inner liners lower gas temperature at the turbine
inlet.
4. High-Pressure Turbine:
o Hot gases from the combustor drive the high-pressure turbine.
o The turbine extracts power to drive the compressor rotor.
o Approximately 75% of energy goes to the compressor; the rest powers the
turbine.
5. Low-Pressure Turbine (Power Turbine):
o Gases at reduced pressure and temperature flow to the low- pressure turbine.
o The power turbine produces useful work and drives the output shaft.
6. Exhaust Section:
o Inner and outer ducts form the diffusing passage from the power turbine to
the exhaust collector.
7. Gas Turbine Enclosure:
o Each gas turbine is enclosed in a noise-reducing and airtight casing.

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 Fig13. Overview of the configuration of the gas
turbine

STARTER DC MOTOR: A gas turbine is a neat combination of 2 functions.

The compressor takes ambient air and compresses it, the combustion process
heats the pressurized air, and the compressor turbine(s) make the compressors
spin to do the compression. Then, last but not least, the hot compressed exhaust
drives the power turbine which in turn drives the generator.

Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is a motor controller that controls an electric

motor by altering the frequency and voltage supplied to the motor. A variable
speed drive is also known as an adjustable speed drive, an adjustable frequency
drive, an AC drive, a micro-drive, and an inverter.

Frequency (or hertz) is proportional to motor speed (RPMs). In other words, the
higher the frequency, the greater the speed of the RPMs. If an electric motor is
not required to run at maximum speed in an application, the VFD can be utilised
to ramp down the frequency and voltage to match the load requirements of the
electric motor. As the motor speed needs of the application change, the VFD
can easily increase or decrease the motor speed to fulfil the speed demand. Its
function is to control the output voltage, i.e., the voltage vector of the inverter
being fed to the motor, and to maintain a consistent voltage-to-frequency
(V/Hz) ratio. It comprises of an electrical circuit that receives feedback from the
driving motor and changes the output voltage or frequency to the required
values. The control system could be based on SPWM (Sine Wave PWM),
SVPWM (Space Vector modulated PWM), or any soft computing algorithm.

Fig14. Variable Frequency Drive

GAS TURBINE AT FRIGATE WARSHIP

The important role of a frigate is to escort and protect other high value fleet and
merchant ships the world over. Frigates operate independently and possess
sufficient capabilities, while providing missions in maritime and wartime
environments. The size of the frigate is increasing and it is becoming volume
constrained due to requirements demand.
Gas turbine propulsion plays an important role since it propels 80% of the active
frigate fleet worldwide, and essentially all ships greater than 4,000T, satisfying
the frigates need for speed and power density amongst other things.
Thereby, the gas turbine shall be reliable, available, shock qualified,
efficient, right size power to sustain speed, power dense and crew-
accommodating that meets total cost objectives and performs to mission
requirements.
GE is continually investing to modernize its product offering, improving upon
our best-in-industry power density and module performance. These benefits

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translate into flexibility for the naval the architect to design ships that meet
demanding frigate attributes and mission requirements.

DIESEL ENGINE AT INS HIMGIRI

1. Key Features:
o Power and Response: The V28/33D STC engine offers an optimal
combination of high power and rapid engine response. It’s suitable for extended
cruising and patrolling missions.
o Efficiency: It boasts best-in-class efficiency at both low and high power levels.
o Signature Characteristics: The engine has low acoustic and thermal
signatures, making it suitable for stealthy operations.
o Extended Low Load Operation: It can operate at low loads without emitting
white smoke or impacting maintenance.
o Cylinder Configurations: Available in 12, 16, and 20 cylinders. o Compliance:
Meets emission regulations such as IMO Tier II, IMO Tier III (with MAN SCR),
and EPA Tier 2.
o Turbocharging System: Utilizes a sequential turbocharging system based on
high-efficiency MAN TCA turbochargers.
o Automation and Control: Equipped with MAN’s in-house developed safety
and control system (MAN SaCoSone).
o Fuel System: Reliable electronic fuel injection system with an attached fuel oil
pump.

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o Lube Oil System: Includes an attached lube oil pump, lube oil cooler, and lube
oil duplex filter.
o Cooling System: Features high and low-temperature cooling water systems. o
Starting System: Uses a pressurized air starter (turbine type). o Applications:
Suitable for CPP (Controllable Pitch Propellers) and FPP/waterjet systems.
2. Technical Specifications (12-cylinder version):
o Engine Speed: 1000 ~ 1032 RPM
o Power Output:
 At 1000 RPM: 5460 kW  At 1032 RPM: 6000 kW
Fig14. Diesel engine

CONTROLLABLE
PITCH PROPELLER

The basic working principle of a Controllable Pitch Propeller (CPP) involves

changing the angle of the propeller blades to control the ship’s thrust and
direction. Here’s how it works:
 Blade Adjustment: The pitch of the propeller blades can be altered by
changing their orientation relative to the hub.
 Hydraulic System: This adjustment is typically achieved using a hydraulic
cylinder that rotates the blades to the desired pitch.
 Locking Mechanism: Once the required pitch is reached, the blades are locked
in position.
Controllable Pitch Propellers (CPP) are used in ships to adjust the propeller
blade’s pitch, allowing for changes in thrust and ship speed without altering the
engine’s RPM. Here’s a brief overview:
 Function: CPPs can change the blade angle to control the thrust direction and
magnitude, enabling better maneuverability and speed control.
 Operation: They typically use hydraulic or electrical systems to adjust the
blade pitch.
 Advantages:

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 o Efficiency: The main engine can operate at a constant, fuel- efficient speed.
o Flexibility: Allows for quick changes between forward and reverse thrust.
o Maneuverability: Improves ship handling during docking or in rough seas.

CODOG GEARBOX
The main function of a gearbox is to transmit and
adjust mechanical power between different
components within a system. In the context of
propulsion systems, such as those used in ships.
1. Power Transmission:
o Gearboxes connect the power source (e.g., diesel engine or gas turbine) to
the propeller shaft.
o They transfer rotational energy from the engine to the propeller, allowing
the ship to move forward or backward.
o By changing gear ratios, gearboxes adapt to different operating conditions
(e.g., cruising or high-speed maneuvers).
2. Speed Adjustment:
o Gearboxes allow the engine’s rotational speed (RPM) to be adjusted to
match the desired propeller speed.
o Lower gear ratios (higher torque) are used for slow speeds, while higher
gear ratios (lower torque) are used for high speeds.
3. Reverse Operation:
o Gearboxes enable reverse propulsion by reversing the direction of power
transmission.
o When the ship needs to move backward, the gearbox changes the rotation
direction of the propeller shaft.
4. Reduction and Multiplication:
o Reduction gearboxes decrease the engine’s high RPM to a suitable
propeller speed.
o Multiplication gearboxes increase the engine’s low RPM to achieve higher
propeller speeds.
5. Clutches and Synchronization:
o Some gearboxes include clutches to engage or disengage power sources
(e.g., diesel or gas turbine).

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 o Synchronization mechanisms ensure smooth transitions between power
sources.
6. Efficiency and Reliability:
o Gearboxes must be efficient (minimizing energy losses) and reliable
(withstanding high loads and continuous operation).
INTEGRATED PLATFORM MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (IPMS)

An Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS) implemented in INS

Himgiri is an advanced control and automation system used in naval warships
and other vessels. It integrates and manages various shipboard systems, such as
propulsion, power generation, auxiliary machinery, and environmental controls,
through a centralized interface. This integration allows for comprehensive
monitoring, control, and management of the ship's operations, ensuring seamless
functionality and coordination across multiple systems.

o IPMS stands for Integrated Platform Management System.

o It is a distributed architecture real-time digital control system.
o The system is designed with an open architecture, allowing flexibility and
adaptability.
Components:
o Multifunction Control Consoles: These consoles serve as Human Machine
Interfaces (HMI) for shipboard operators.
o Remote Terminal Units (RTUs): RTUs handle process-level data acquisition
and control.
System Connectivity:
o A redundant databus provides system-wide connectivity.
o Data communication on the bus is ensured through a reliable multicast
approach.
o The goal is to minimize bus traffic and achieve low data latency.
Survivability and Architecture:
o Databus cables are strategically routed throughout the ship.
o Adequate geographic separation enhances system survivability.
o The open system architecture allows integration with various data networks.
o IPMS can interface with other systems via fieldbus, serial links, and other
interfaces.
In summary, IPMS is a versatile control system used in marine engineering,
offering real-time monitoring, control, and connectivity across shipboard
locations.
COMMUNICATION NETWORK IN IPMS

The communication network in an Integrated Platform Management System

(IPMS) is essential for connecting the various components of a ship's control
systems. It facilitates real-time data exchange, seamless integration, and
coordinated operation of the ship's machinery, sensors, and control units. This
network ensures the effective management of propulsion, power, HVAC, and
other critical systems, enhancing the overall efficiency and safety of the vessel.

Overview of Communication Network :

The IPMS communication network integrates diverse subsystems through a

robust and efficient data exchange framework. It utilizes various network types
and architectures to support the real-time requirements of modern naval
operations.
Integrated Functions:
o Propulsion
o Power generation and distribution
o Auxiliary machinery o Damage control
o Fire suppression
Benefits:
o Comprehensive overview of ship status for informed decision-making.
o Automation reduces crew workload and minimizes errors.
o Damage control during emergencies (fire, flooding).
o Predictive maintenance identifies issues before critical failures.

PROPULSION CONTROL CONSOLE (PCC) :

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Propulsion Control Console (PCC) are a fully integrated governing and
propulsion control unit providing a Real time Control and Health Monitoring ,
Controllable Pitch Propeller (CPP), Gas Turbine, Gear Boxand Diesel Engine
based marine applications.
PCC Main Features
Speed governing
Logic for starting and stopping
Clutch control
Engine protections such as slowdowns and hardwired shutdowns
1. Sensors and Monitoring Devices:
o Collect real-time data on ship systems.
o Types include temperature sensors, pressure transducers, flow meters, level
sensors, and vibration sensors and Overall health.
o Provide essential input for the Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS)
to monitor and control ship systems.
2. Display Units:
o Provide interfaces for operators to monitor and control ship systems.
o Types include touchscreen displays, control panels, and graphical user
interfaces (GUIs).
o Facilitate user interaction with the IPMS, allowing system monitoring and
response to alarms.
3. Redundancy and Fail-Safe Mechanisms:
o Backup systems and protocols to maintain operations during component failure.
o Components include redundant sensors, backup control units, and fail-safe
protocols.
o Enhance system reliability and ensure continuous operation.
4. Data Storage and Analysis Systems:
o Store operational data for analysis, diagnostics, and decision-making.
o Components include data loggers and data analysis tools.
o Provide valuable insights for maintenance, optimization, and strategic planning.
5. Integration with Other Ship Systems:
o Connect with critical ship systems for coordinated operations.
o Examples include navigation systems (GPS integration), weapon systems
(defense coordination), and communication systems.
o Ensure cohesive operation and interoperability between the IPMS and other
ship functions.

Local Operating Panels (LOPs)

used in ship automation systems. LOPs play a crucial role in monitoring and
controlling various ship systems, especially those related to propulsion. Here are
the key points:
Function of LOPs:
o Local Control Stand: LOPs are control stands located within the engine room.
o They allow operators to interact with and manage ship systems directly. o LOPs
are allocated to specific shafts and provide real-time control capabilities

MAIN DRIVE LOP

■ Start/stop of engine
■ Start preparation/cool-down phase
■ Alarm and monitoring of the basic operating parameters
■ Exhaust gas monitoring system
■ Automatic load reduction
■ Local/remote switches
■ Horn off, alarm acknowledgement
■ Safety system with automatic stop, emergency stop and overspeed stop ■
Optional: Data logger

GEARBOX LOP
■ Start preparation (pump start-up, preheater, etc.)
■ Engine start interlock
■ Emergency clutch disengagement
■ Emergency stop of the engine
■ Manual clutch engagement and disengagement
■ Clutch monitoring and control
■ Automatic start and stop of the pump
■ Turn-device and shaft brake control
■ Alarm and monitoring of the operating parameters

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■ Local/remote switches
■ Operating temperature and pressure monitoring
■ Integrated safety logic

Starter Box LOP:

■ The Starter Box LOP is responsible for controlling various components
related to electric motors and their associated systems.
■ It ensures proper starting, monitoring, and protection of electric motors during
operation.
o Components:
■ Electric Motors: The LOP manages the starting and stopping of electric
motors.
■ Pre-Lubrication Pump: Controls the pre-lubrication process before motor
startup.
■ Coolant Pump: Manages the cooling system for the motor.
■ Gearbox Turn Device Control: Handles the engagement or
disengagement of gearbox turning devices.

Bearing Temperature Monitoring LOP:

o Function:
■ Monitors the temperature of bearings in critical machinery (such as
engines, gearboxes, and pumps).
■ Prevents overheating and potential damage to bearings.
o Components:
■ Visualisation with Analogue Indicators: Displays bearing temperatures
using analog indicators.
■ Integrated Measuring Transducers: Sensors that measure bearing
temperature.
■Limit Value Switches: Set thresholds for safe operating temperatures.

Safety System for Engines:

o Function:
■ A stand-alone safety system for drives (including engines) and generators.
■ Monitors basic operating parameters to prevent critical failures.
■ Initiates emergency shutdown if limit values are exceeded.
o Components:

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 ■ Monitoring Units: Continuously monitor parameters like temperature,
pressure, and vibration. Emergency Shutdown Mechanism: Automatically
trips at emergency.

CONTROL SECTION OF PROPULSION SYSTEM

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 Integration & Coordination with Other Ship
Systems

CONCLUSION

During my six-week apprenticeship cum Vocational Training at Garden Reach

Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. (FOJ Unit, Kolkata) I had an invaluable
opportunity to work onboard ship INS Himgiri, focusing on warship propulsion
system. This experience was really enriching and I tried my best to learn as much
as possible about Propulsion System during my training period. Working on

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industrial projects gave me first-hand exposure to the complexities of
implementing propulsion systems in the shipbuilding industry. I witnessed the
dedication required to integrate the various subsystems in the allotted time. After
immersing myself in the company's structures and operational environment, I
gained a comprehensive understanding of how the propulsion system works as an
integral part of the success of any modern warship. I gained an in-depth
knowledge of the role of the propulsion system components in warships,
including it’s interaction with internal structures, functionality of various
instruments and system integration like Gas Turbine, Gear Box, Diesel Engine,
Control Pitch Propeller. One of the main highlights of my training was developing
a thorough understanding of how the propulsion system centralizes command and
control of various shipboard systems, including power generation and
distribution. The learning environment fostered interesting discussions among
colleagues about IPMS applications, allowing me to broaden my view of its
importance in maritime operations. Overall, this professional training experience
was invaluable the propulsion system of modern warships. I'm sure this
knowledge will be crucial as I begin my future endeavours with ship technology
and systems integration.

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