INTERNAL FUNCTIONAL

ANALYSIS OF A PRODUCT

Pr. Soufiane MONTASSIR 20/11/2023

 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
Idea
Market Perception

Functional Specifications Production Pre-production product

Needs Analysis
Document ( FSD)

Feasibility Study Marketing Management file

preliminary
Design project file
Product use Follow-up file
Definition Stations and tools

Industrialization Qualification file Disposal of the product Waste

Approval
 External functional analysis involves analyzing the
requirements that the product must meet, the service

External functions it must fulfill, the constraints it will be subject

to, and characterizing these functions and constraints. It

Functional forms the foundation for the development of the

Functional Specifications Document.

Analysis
 • A product can be considered as the physical support for a
certain number of technical functions.
• The internal functional analysis of a product identifies
each technical function necessary to fulfill the service
Internal functions and allows for the materialization of technical
solution concepts. This is the designer's perspective.

Functional
Analysis This type of analysis involves identifying technical functions,
optimal solutions, and components that must satisfy a service
function.
2- The Approach

To develop the "preliminary project file" from the Functional

Specifications Document of a product, one must go through the
step (or activity) of designing the activity diagram describing the
product life cycle. This process is broken down and structured
into the following phases:
3- Idea and Solution Search:
This crucial phase involves the use of creative tools and aims to identify a maximum number
of possible solutions. Given that the problem is generally complex on one hand, and the
product is designed to provide services to the user on the other, it is far preferable to reason
function by function. That is to say:
- Search for the maximum number of possible solutions to satisfy each service
function.
- Do not finalize any solution before analyzing all the functions.
- Combine all solutions.
Search for
idea and
solution

Find solution
for each
function Combining
solutions
Selecting
solutions
 4- Searching To search for the maximum number of solutions:
It is necessary to conduct a progressive and
downward search of the technical functions
Solutions for starting from each of the service functions.

Each Function: F.A.S.T.

which stands for Function Analysis
System Technique, translated as:
When?

Systematic Functional Analysis Technique.

Why? Function How?

The F.A.S.T. model is presented in the form of a
functional tree established from the overall
function or a service function, addressing
questions such as: Why does this function need
to be fulfilled? How? When?
When?
Functional chain
The phase of searching for solutions related to service functions (using the F.A.S.T. tool) leads
to several pathways or "functional chains." The comparison and evaluation of these
functional chains lead to identifying the most suitable chain, referred to as the "Optimal
Functional Chain."
FT11 ST11

FT1

FT12 ST12

FT21
Service
FT2
function FT: Technical Function
FT22

ST: Technical Solution

FT31
FT3
To illustrate the above, let's take the example of “the
foot pump”
External functional analysis
Interaction diagram

user Ambient
air
FP
The foot FC4
enclosure
pump Aesthetic
FC1
FC3
FC2
safety
stability
cost

The foot pump allows the user to draw in ambient air and discharge it at
a desired pressure into an enclosure
 Service Expressions Criteria Flexibility
function
FP Enable the user to draw User effort Minimum effort
in ambient air and Air pressure ≤ 6 bars
expel it at a desired Lifespan ≥ 10 years ± 5 years
pressure into an
enclosure

Functional Specification
Document (FSD) FC1 Not present a danger to safety Respect the standards
the user

FC3 Be stable Centre of gravity

Support surface

FC2 Minimal cost

FC4 Aesthetic Color, shape
 Functional Analysis System Technique (F.A.S.T.) diagram related to the function FP

Technicals functions

Using an Articulated
Service function

Transmitting and articulated system. pedal

amplifying the
Allowing the user to user's effort.
draw in ambient air and
discharge it at a desired

Technological solutions
pressure.
"Returning the
mechanism to its Spring
initial position."

Convert
mechanical energy "Actuator" or
into pneumatic "Hydraulic
energy cylinder"

Indicating the
value of the air Pressure gauge
pressure.
How can you check the structure of your diagram How to enable the user to intake ambient air and
expel it at a desired pressure? (Fp) We answer

By transmitting and amplifying the user's effort (Ft1), by

Why? converting mechanical energy into pneumatic energy
(Ft2), and by indicating the pressure value (Ft3).
The answer begins with for
When?

This question applies to one or

more functions at the same level Why transmit and amplify the user's effort?

To enable the user to intake ambient air and expel

The answer begins with “only if we have." it at a desired pressure

How? The answer begins with “by." When should the air pressure value be indicated

Only if we have transmitted and amplified the user's

effort and converted mechanical energy into
pneumatic energy.