LANDSCAPE PLANNING

DESIGN BASIS REPORT(DBR)

OF MMLP
AT OBALAPURA,
BENGALURU

Prepared By: Mr. Sapankumar Shedge

3SRAJ
Date: 04-06-2024
 Landscape DBR of MMPL at Obalapura Bengaluru- Draft

Contents
Figures ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Introduction: .................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Schematic Design: ............................................................................................................................ 4
• Category A- Landscape Areas Along Internal Roads: .................................................................. 4
• Category B- Landscape Areas Adjacent to External Main Road: ................................................ 4
• Category C- Other Subsidiary Areas: ........................................................................................... 4
• Category D- Hardscape Areas of Open Warehouses/Yards: ....................................................... 4
• Category E- Specialized Open Park Area: .................................................................................... 4
1.3 Design Principles ............................................................................................................................... 7
1. Sustainability ................................................................................................................................... 7
2. Safety and Compliance.................................................................................................................... 7
3. Functionality ................................................................................................................................... 7
4. Community and Social Responsibility ............................................................................................. 7
5. Aesthetic Appeal ............................................................................................................................. 7
1.4 Preserving Existing Trees .................................................................................................................. 8
Tree Survey: Identification and Mapping ........................................................................................... 8
Mapping: ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Integration into the Master Plan ........................................................................................................ 9
Design Adaptation:.......................................................................................................................... 9
Protective Measures During Construction .................................................................................... 10
Tree Health Monitoring ................................................................................................................ 10
Enhancing Biodiversity .................................................................................................................. 10
1.5. Sustainable practices & Watering Techniques for Landscape ....................................................... 10
Drip Irrigation .................................................................................................................................... 10
Rainwater Harvesting........................................................................................................................ 10
Mulching ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Graywater Reuse ............................................................................................................................... 11
Sprinkler Systems .............................................................................................................................. 11
Regular Maintenance and Monitoring .............................................................................................. 11
1.6. Topsoil Preservation According to GRIHA Landscape ................................................................ 11
1.7. SOP Guidelines at Construction Stage to Comply with Planning and Design of Landscape .......... 12
Pre-Construction Preparations ......................................................................................................... 12

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Construction Phase ........................................................................................................................... 13

Post-Construction Activities .............................................................................................................. 13
Environmental and Safety Compliance ............................................................................................. 13
1.8. *SOP Guidelines post Construction Stage to Comply with Planning and Design of Landscape .... 14
Specialized Comments .................................................................................................................. 16
1.9. Vermiculture and Its Implementation in Landscape Design: ......................................................... 17
Location and Design Considerations ................................................................................................. 17
1.10. Hardscapes for the Multi-Modal Logistics Park (MMLP) Project ................................................. 18
Overview of Hardscapes ................................................................................................................... 18
Pathways and Walkways: .............................................................................................................. 18
Plazas: ........................................................................................................................................... 18
Walls and Fences:.......................................................................................................................... 18
Parking Areas and Driveways: ....................................................................................................... 19
Retaining Walls: ............................................................................................................................ 19
Water Features: ............................................................................................................................ 19
Permeable Flooring for Open Yard Areas: .................................................................................... 19
Hardscape Implementation and Maintenance ................................................................................. 19
Design Principles ........................................................................................................................... 19
Installation Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 20
Maintenance Practices .................................................................................................................. 20
Specific Hardscape Zones in MMLP .................................................................................................. 20
Landscape Areas Along Internal Roads: ........................................................................................ 20
Landscape Areas Adjacent to External Main Road: ...................................................................... 20
Other Subsidiary Areas: ................................................................................................................ 20
Specialized Open Park Area: ......................................................................................................... 21
1.11. Inclusive Landscape Design for the Multi-Modal Logistics Park (MMLP) Project ........................ 21
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Principles of Inclusive Design ............................................................................................................ 21
Accessibility: .................................................................................................................................. 21
Usability: ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Safety: ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Implementing Inclusive Design in MMLP .......................................................................................... 21
Pathways and Walkways: .............................................................................................................. 21
Entrances and Exits: ...................................................................................................................... 22
**Parking and Transportation: ..................................................................................................... 22
Green Spaces and Gardens: .......................................................................................................... 22

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Lighting and Safety Features: ........................................................................................................ 22

Figures
Figure 1: Concept 4 Masterplan indicating categories of Landscape Design ......................................... 6

Tables
Table 1: Existing trees inventory as per the survey conducted by .....,with sizes and numbers ............ 8
Table 2: *Table explaining selected species with their pruning, watering, fertilization cycles ............ 14

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1.1. Introduction:
The development of the Multi Modal Logistic Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru is an ambitious project aimed
at transforming the logistics infrastructure of the region. In order to ensure the success of this project,
several critical factors must be meticulously integrated into the planning and design stages. These
include environmental, social, and safety norms, as well as guidelines for sustainability and statutory
compliance.

As instructed, Concept 4 Masterplan has been adopted for this project.

1.2. Schematic Design:

Schematic design scheme for the whole development, demonstrating ideas for hard and soft
landscape elements by carefully incorporating Client needs and suggestions is as below:

To facilitate a comprehensive and detailed development process, the landscape area of master plan
for the MMLP is divided into five distinct categories, each focusing on specialized details and zones.
This division allows for focused attention on the unique requirements and opportunities within each
zone, ensuring that the park is cohesive, functional, and aesthetically pleasing.:

• Category A-
A- Landscape Areas Along Internal Roads: This category addresses the
green spaces and landscape elements adjacent to the internal road network within the
masterplan. It includes the design of tree-lined streets, decorative planting beds, and green
buffers that enhance the visual appeal and provide a pleasant environment for pedestrians
and cyclists.

• Category B-
B- Landscape Areas Adjacent to External Main Road: This category
focuses on the landscaping along the perimeter of the Masterplan that borders external main
roads. It emphasizes the creation of a visually appealing and inviting edge to the Masterplan,
incorporating elements such as noise barriers, attractive plantings, and signage that enhances
the MMPL’s identity and integrates seamlessly with the built fabric.

• Category C-
C- Other Subsidiary Areas: This category covers smaller, ancillary landscape
zones within the park that do not fall into the main categories. It includes spaces such as
Masterplan buffers on non-road sides, service area screens, and incidental green spaces that
contribute to the overall cohesiveness and functionality of the park.

• Category D-
D- Hardscape Areas of Open Warehouses/Yards: This category includes
the design of hardscape elements in open warehouse and yard areas within the park. It
focuses on creating durable and functional surfaces for activities such as storage, loading, and
maintenance, while also considering aesthetics and environmental sustainability through the
use of permeable paving and integrated green infrastructure.

• Category E-
E- Specialized Open Park Area: This category is dedicated to the design and
development of a specialized open park area that serves as the focal point. It includes features

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such as thematic garden for leisure and community engagement. This area is designed to
provide a multifunctional space for recreation, and social interaction.

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Figure 1: Concept 4 Masterplan indicating categories of Landscape Design

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1.3 Design Principles

The design of the Multi Modal Logistic Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru is guided by a set of fundamental
principles aimed at ensuring a sustainable, functional, and aesthetically pleasing development.

1. Sustainability

Sustainability is at the core of the design principles for the MMLP. This includes:

Environmental Integration: Incorporated green spaces, native vegetation, and sustainable

landscaping practices to enhance biodiversity and reduce environmental impact.

Resource Efficiency: Energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy sources, and water

conservation measures to minimize resource consumption.

Waste Management: Comprehensive waste management systems implementation to reduce,

recycle, and proper disposal of waste generated during construction and operation.

2. Safety and Compliance

The safety of users and compliance with relevant norms and guidelines. This includes:

Safety Standards: Safety standards in design and construction to protect workers and future users.

Regulatory Compliance: All designs meet the statutory requirements for environmental, social, and
safety norms as mandated by local and national authorities.

3. Functionality

The MMPL operates meets the needs of its users. This includes:

User-Friendly Design: Layouts and accessible pathways for both vehicular and pedestrian traffic,
ensuring ease of use for all stakeholders.

4. Community and Social Responsibility

Positively impact the local community and stakeholders. This includes:

Social Integration: Designing spaces that encourage community interaction and engagement, such as
recreational areas, park, and pedestrian zones.

Inclusive Design: Accessibility for people of all ages and abilities, promoting inclusivity and equal
access to facilities.

5. Aesthetic Appeal

An attractive environment that enhances the visual and experiential quality of the space. This includes:

Landscape Design: Integrating hardscape and softscape elements that complement each other and
enhance the overall aesthetic of the park.

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Architectural Cohesion: Ensuring that the architectural elements of buildings and structures are
harmonious and contribute to a unified visual identity.

1.4 Preserving Existing Trees

Preserving existing trees is a critical aspect of the design and development of the Multi Modal Logistic
Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru. Preserving not only enhances the environmental sustainability of the
project but also contributes to the overall aesthetic and social value of the development. The following
principles and strategies are adopted to ensure the effective preservation of existing trees:

Tree Survey:
Survey: Identification and Mapping
Before the commencement of any construction activities, a detailed tree survey was conducted by
PATH/ contractor to identify and catalog all existing trees within the project site. The details are as
below:

• Crop plantations has already cleared by the landlord.

• Existing indigenous trees situated in the project site are 3084.
• Out of which about 190 trees are falling with in the proposed greenbelt area or landscaping
area, will not be felled by the developer.
• Efforts will be made for the transplantation of about 270 nos. of tree. However, in case of tree
felling, prior permission shall be obtained from the appropriate authority.
• Species wise tree inventory along with the name and number of trees situated in the project
area is presented in the table below
Table 1: Existing trees inventory as per the survey conducted by .....,with sizes and numbers

S. Type of Tree No. of 03- 21- 41- 61- 81- 101 121 141 161 181 221- 301- 381-
No. Trees 20 40 60 80 100 - - - - - 240 320 400
(cm) (cm (cm (cm) (cm) 120 140 160 180 200 (cm) (cm) (cm)
) ) (cm (cm (cm (cm (cm
) ) ) ) )
1 Jackfruit 59 0 0 10 30 3 4 7 1 3 1 0 0 0
2 Tamarind 318 270 0 7 23 11 2 1 3 0 1 0 0 0
3 Acacia 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Neem 157 5 5 41 96 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Beech 420 0 46 193 172 5 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0
6 Cluster Fig 20 0 5 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 Citron 17 1 2 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Drumstick 139 3 39 81 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 Curry Leaves 25 0 15 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 Lemon 10 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 Bael Fruit 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 Melia Dubia 1443 0 0 237 1070 128 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
13 Pomogrenate 11 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 Papaya 11 4 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 Mosambi 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 Copper Pod 13 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 Bamboo 147 54 88 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 Jamun 9 0 1 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 Peepal 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
20 Amla 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 Sitaphal 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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22 Champa 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 Palash 6 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 Mesquite 82 0 0 32 48 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 Chiku 87 51 35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 Forest Tree 22 0 3 0 15 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 Bor Fruit 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 Baniyan 8 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 1
29 Shikakai 14 0 0 4 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 Bilvam 9 0 0 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 Albizia 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
32 Mahogany 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 Hog Plum 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 Indian Date 38 0 0 1 33 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 3084 401 254 650 1558 172 19 11 6 7 2 1 2 1

Mapping:
Mapping:
Detailed maps was created to document the precise locations of trees relative to planned construction
zones and infrastructure by PATH / contractor as per below:

Integration into the Master Plan

The master plan is developed with a strong emphasis on integrating existing trees into the overall
landscape design. This includes:

Design Adaptation:
Adaptation:

Modifying site layouts and building footprints to avoid unnecessary removal of trees and ensure their
preservation.

According to the Masterplan and above mapping

• Existing trees: 3084

• Preserved trees: 190
• Transplanted trees: 270 (approx.)
• Tree plantation against cut trees: 2624 (approx.) x 10= 26,240 nos (approx.)

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Protective Measures During Construction

During the construction phase, specific measures will be implemented to protect existing trees from
damage. These measures include:

Protective Fencing: Erecting sturdy fencing around the root zones of trees to prevent soil compaction,
mechanical damage, and disturbance.

Restricted Access: Limiting access and movement of heavy machinery near protected trees to
minimize the risk of accidental harm.

Soil Protection: Implementing soil protection techniques, such as mulching and soil aeration, to
maintain soil health and tree vitality.

Tree Health Monitoring

Ongoing monitoring and maintenance are essential to ensure the health and well-being of preserved
trees. This involves:

Regular Inspections: Conducting regular inspections by arborists to assess tree health, identify
potential issues, and recommend appropriate interventions.

Pest and Disease Management: Implementing integrated pest and disease management practices to
protect trees from infestations and infections.

Enhancing Biodiversity

Preserving existing trees contributes significantly to the biodiversity of the MMLP. Strategy to enhance
biodiversity include:

Native Plantings: Supplementing the landscape with native plant species that support the local
ecosystem and create a harmonious environment. Mix of indigenous trees in the Category C areas of
Masterplan such as green buffer areas

1.5. Sustainable practices & Watering Techniques for Landscape

Sustainable watering techniques are recommended for maintaining healthy landscapes while
conserving water resources and minimizing environmental impact. The Multi Modal Logistic Park
(MMLP) in Bengaluru aims to implement advanced and efficient irrigation methods to ensure the
sustainability of its landscape areas. The following techniques and practices will be adopted to achieve
this goal:

Drip Irrigation

Drip irrigation is proposed at majority of the tree and shrub areas since it is a highly efficient watering
method that delivers water directly to the roots of plants, minimizing evaporation and runoff. Key
benefits include getting water efficiency, reduced evaporation and minimized water runoffs.

Rainwater Harvesting

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Collecting and storing rainwater for landscape irrigation. This technique includes: that includes
collection system with Roofs, gutters, and downspouts used to capture rainwater, which is then let
into the ponds and the excess is steeped in to increase the ground water recharge. Harvested
rainwater is integrated into the irrigation system, reducing reliance on municipal water supplies.

Mulching

Covering the soil with organic or inorganic materials to retain moisture and improve soil health.
Moisture Retention, weed suppression and improving soil health is expected in this structure.

Graywater Reuse

Using water from which is treated in STP will be used for landscape irrigation. The water collected be
rainwater harvesting as described above

Sprinkler Systems

Sprinkler systems are used in designated areas, particularly for ground covers and lawns where drip
irrigation may not be suitable. This system will provide even coverage to ensure that large areas are
evenly watered, promoting healthy growth of ground covers.

Regular Maintenance and Monitoring

Consistent maintenance and monitoring to ensure that

• Sustainable watering techniques remain effective.

• Regular checking irrigation systems for leaks, clogs, and inefficiencies.
• Making necessary adjustments and repairs to optimize system performance.

1.6. Topsoil Preservation According to GRIHA Landscape

Landscape
In line with the GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) guidelines, the Multi Modal
Logistic Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru will protect the soil structure, maintain its nutrient content, and
enhance the overall environmental sustainability of the landscape.

Preservation during Construction: The construction phase poses significant risks to topsoil quality due
to potential disturbance and compaction. To mitigate these risks, the following measures need to be
implemented: The scope of this activity along with the documentation will be under the scope of PATH
/ Contractor

• Site Assessment and Planning: Conducting a thorough site assessment to identify areas with
high-quality topsoil. Planning construction activities to minimize disruption to these areas.
• Topsoil Stripping and Storage: Carefully stripping the top 15-20 cm of soil before construction
begins and storing it in designated areas. This topsoil will be stored in mounds no higher than
1.5 meters to prevent compaction and maintain aeration.

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• Protection Measures: Covering stored topsoil with mulch or geotextiles to prevent erosion,
compaction, and nutrient loss. Ensuring that storage sites are located away from heavy traffic
areas and protected from contamination.

Reapplication of Topsoil: Once construction is completed, the preserved topsoil will be reapplied to
the landscape areas. The process that will be undertaken will be as below, and the scope of this will
be undertaken by PATH / Contractor

• Site Preparation: Preparing the site by removing any debris, grading the surface, and ensuring
proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
• Soil Reapplication: Spreading the stored topsoil evenly across the designated landscape areas
to a depth of at least 15 cm.
• Incorporation of Organic Matter: Enhancing the topsoil with organic matter such as compost
or well-rotted manure to improve soil structure, water retention, and nutrient content.

Erosion Control: Erosion control measures are essential to maintain topsoil integrity and prevent loss
due to wind and water. These measures include:

• Vegetative Cover: Establishing a vegetative cover as soon as possible to stabilize the soil.
Using ground covers, grasses, and other fast-growing plants to protect the soil surface.
• Mulching: Applying a layer of mulch over bare soil areas to reduce erosion, conserve moisture,
and suppress weed growth.
• Erosion Control Structures: Installing erosion control structures such as silt fences, sediment
traps, and terracing to manage runoff and protect topsoil from erosion.

1.7. SOP Guidelines at Construction Stage to Comply with Planning

and Design of Landscape
The Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) at the construction stage are essential to ensure that the
planning and design objectives of the landscape are achieved efficiently and sustainably. The following
guidelines outline the key steps and practices to be followed during the construction phase of the
Multi Modal Logistic Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru to comply with the landscape planning and design
requirements:

Pre-
Pre-Construction Preparations
Preparations
Site Assessment and Preparation: Conduct a thorough site assessment to identify existing conditions
and prepare a detailed site plan. Mark and protect existing vegetation, especially trees and plants that
will be preserved. Set up temporary fencing around sensitive areas to prevent damage during
construction.

Topsoil Preservation: As per (7.1) Carefully strip and store topsoil in designated areas, following
GRIHA guidelines to avoid compaction and contamination. Cover stored topsoil with mulch or
geotextiles to prevent erosion and maintain soil health.

Erosion and Sediment Control: Implement erosion control measures such as silt fences, sediment
traps, and temporary drainage systems. Stabilize exposed soil surfaces with mulch, temporary
seeding, or erosion control blankets.

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Construction Phase

Adherence to Design Plans: Ensure that construction activities strictly follow the approved landscape
design plans and specifications. Conduct regular site inspections to verify compliance with design
details and address any deviations promptly.

Vegetation Protection: Maintain protective barriers around existing trees and plants throughout the
construction period. Avoid activities that may cause soil compaction, root damage, or trunk injuries to
preserved vegetation.

Irrigation and Water Management: Install irrigation systems as per the design, including drip
irrigation and sprinklers as specified. Ensure that irrigation systems are tested and operational before
planting begins.

Material Handling and Storage: Store construction materials, such as pavers, mulch, and plants, in
designated areas away from preserved vegetation. Use materials that comply with sustainability
guidelines and avoid those that may cause environmental harm.

Planting Procedures: Follow best practices for planting, including proper spacing, soil preparation, and
planting depth. Water newly planted vegetation immediately and maintain consistent moisture levels
during establishment.

Hardscape Installation: Construct hardscape elements, such as pathways, seating areas, and retaining
walls, as per the design specifications. Use eco-friendly materials and techniques to minimize
environmental impact.

Post-
Post-Construction Activities
Site Cleanup and Restoration: Remove all construction debris, temporary fencing, and equipment
from the site. Restore any areas disturbed during construction to their intended landscape design.

Final Inspections and Approvals: Conduct final inspections to ensure all landscape elements are
installed correctly and meet design standards. Obtain necessary approvals and certifications from
relevant authorities for compliance with environmental, social, and safety norms.

Maintenance Plan: Develop a comprehensive maintenance plan outlining regular care and
management of the landscape, including irrigation schedules, pruning, and fertilization. Train
maintenance personnel on sustainable practices and the specific needs of the landscape design.

Environmental and Safety Compliance

Environmental Protection Measures: Implement measures to minimize environmental impact, such

as reducing dust and noise pollution. Ensure proper disposal of waste materials in accordance with
local regulations with necessary documentation as per Griha guidelines.

Safety Protocols: Enforce safety protocols for all construction workers, including the use of personal
protective equipment (PPE). Provide training on safe construction practices and emergency
procedures.

Regular Monitoring and Reporting: Conduct regular monitoring of construction activities to ensure
compliance with environmental and safety standards.

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1.8. *SOP Guidelines post Construction Stage to Comply with

Planning and Design of Landscape
Guidelines and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the recommended landscape elements for
Multi Modal Logistic Park (MMLP) in Bengaluru to comply. *Note that the selections may change
depending on the Road sections that are yet to be received.
Table 2: *Table explaining selected species with their pruning, watering, fertilization cycles

Plant Type Species Cutting/Pruning Watering Fertilization Remarks

Times and Cycles Cycles
Cycles
Ground
Covers
Liriope Prune in early Water Fertilize in Avoid cutting
spring annually weekly early spring too short;
during dry and mid- mulch to
periods summer retain
moisture
Ajuga Prune after Water Fertilize in Ensure good
flowering moderately, spring drainage;
annually twice a avoid over-
week watering
Creeping Trim lightly after Water once Fertilize in Thrives in
Thyme flowering a week spring well-drained
soil; avoid
heavy pruning
Wedelia Trim regularly to Water twice Fertilize in Can become
control growth a week spring invasive; keep
under control
with regular
trimming
Shrubs
Boxwood Prune in late Water Fertilize in Shape during
spring and late deeply once early spring pruning;
summer a week protect from
annually winter burn
Hydrangea Prune in late Water Fertilize in Prune to
winter or early deeply spring and remove dead
spring annually twice a mid- wood; mulch
week summer to retain
moisture
Lavender Prune in late Water Fertilize Ensure good
summer weekly lightly in air circulation;
annually during dry spring avoid heavy
periods fertilization
Ixora Light pruning Water twice Fertilize in Regular
after flowering a week spring and pruning
late summer

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encourages
bushy growth
Hedging
Shrubs
Hibiscus Prune lightly Water Fertilize in
Regular
after flowering weekly spring andpruning helps
mid- maintain
summer shape and
encourages
flowering
Duranta Prune regularly Water twice Fertilize in Can grow
to maintain a week spring and rapidly;
shape late summer regular
pruning
needed to
maintain
hedge shape
Clerodendrum Prune after Water Fertilize in Flowers
flowering weekly spring attract
butterflies;
keep trimmed
to desired
height
Trees
Neem Prune in late Water Fertilize in Hardy tree;
winter annually deeply early spring minimal
every two pruning
weeks required
Peepal (Ficus Prune in late Water Fertilize in Considered
religiosa) winter every 2-3 deeply early spring sacred;
years every two requires space
weeks to grow
Banyan (Ficus Prune as needed Water Fertilize in Large
benghalensis) to control deeply once spring spreading
growth a week tree; ensure
enough space
Avenue Trees
Gulmohar Prune in late Water Fertilize in Spectacular
(Delonix regia) winter annually deeply once spring flowering
a week tree; ensure
good drainage
Indian Prune after Water Fertilize in Stunning
Laburnum flowering deeply once early spring yellow
(Cassia fistula) annually a week flowers;
regular
watering in
dry periods
Rain Tree Prune in late Water Fertilize in Provides
(Samanea winter every 2-3 deeply once early spring excellent
saman) years a week shade;

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requires large
space
Specialized
Remarks
- Soil Health Regular soil
testing and
amendment
as needed to
maintain
optimal soil
health
- Pest Implement
Management integrated
pest
management
(IPM) to
control pests
and diseases
- Irrigation Use drip
Systems irrigation for
water
efficiency;
install
sprinklers in
ground cover
areas as
needed
- Monitor local
Environmental weather
Factors conditions
and adjust
maintenance
practices
accordingly

Specialized Comments

*Ground Covers:

Liriope: Mulching is crucial for moisture retention and weed suppression.

Ajuga: Proper drainage is essential to prevent root rot.
Creeping Thyme: Light pruning helps maintain a neat appearance without damaging the plant.
Wedelia: Regular trimming is necessary to control invasive growth.

*Shrubs and Hedging Shrubs:

Boxwood: Regular shaping during pruning helps maintain a dense, attractive form.
Hydrangea: Removing dead wood promotes healthier growth and more vibrant blooms.
Lavender: Adequate air circulation prevents fungal diseases.

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Ixora: Regular pruning encourages bushy growth and abundant flowering.

Hibiscus: Pruning after flowering maintains shape and encourages new blooms.
Duranta: Regular trimming is required to maintain the hedge's shape and density.
Clerodendrum: Attracts butterflies and bees; regular trimming keeps the desired height.

*Trees and Avenue Trees:

Neem: Hardy and requires minimal pruning; has medicinal properties.

Peepal: Requires ample space due to its large size; considered sacred in India.
Banyan: Large spreading tree; ensure enough space for growth.
Gulmohar: Spectacular flowering tree; ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.
Indian Laburnum: Stunning yellow flowers; regular watering is needed during dry periods.
Rain Tree: Provides excellent shade; requires large space for canopy spread.

1.9. Vermiculture and Its Implementation in Landscape Design:

Incorporating vermiculture into the landscape design of the MMLP project can enhance soil fertility,
reduce waste, and promote sustainable gardening practices, contributing to a healthier and more
sustainable environment.

Location and Design Considerations

Location:

Shaded Areas: Vermiculture pits should be located in shaded areas to protect worms from direct
sunlight and excessive heat, which can be harmful to them.

Accessible Areas: The choosen locations that are easily accessible for adding organic waste and
harvesting compost.

Well-Drained Sites: The site has to have good drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can create
anaerobic conditions harmful to worms.

Accordingly, 4 locations are identified and marked in the master plan shown in figure 1 to serve various
areas of masterplan.

Pit Design:

Size and Shape: A typical pit is 1 meter deep, 1 meter wide, and 2 meters long, but smaller or larger
pits can be constructed depending on the requirements.

Materials: Use brick, concrete, or wooden planks to construct the walls of the pit. Ensure the bottom
is lined with a breathable material like a mesh or gravel layer to facilitate drainage and aeration.

Cover: Use a breathable cover like a jute sack or a lid with ventilation holes to protect the pit from
rain, pests, and direct sunlight while allowing air circulation.

Steps to Set Up Vermiculture Pits

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Preparing the Pit: Dig the pit in the selected location with proper drainage. Construct the walls using
bricks, concrete, or wood. Line the bottom with gravel or coarse sand for drainage.

Bedding: Add a 15-20 cm layer of bedding material (shredded newspaper, cardboard, or coconut coir).
Moisten the bedding until damp but not waterlogged.

Adding Worms: Introduce composting worms (Eisenia fetida) to the bedding. For a 1m x 2m pit, around
1-2 kg of worms is sufficient.

Feeding: Gradually add organic waste (kitchen scraps, garden waste). Avoid meat, dairy, oily foods, or
large quantities of acidic waste.

Maintenance: Monitor moisture levels, keeping the bedding damp but not wet. Turn the compost
occasionally to aerate. Regularly add waste and cover with bedding material to prevent odors and
pests.

Harvesting Compost: After 2-3 months, the compost will be ready. Push the contents to one side, add
fresh bedding and waste to the empty side, and allow worms to migrate. Harvest the finished compost
for use in the landscape.

1.10. Hardscapes for the Multi-Modal Logistics Park (MMLP) Project

Overview of Hardscapes

In the MMLP project, well-designed hardscapes are essential for functionality, aesthetics, and creating
a cohesive environment that complements the natural landscape. Hardscapes provide practical
solutions for pedestrian movement, vehicle circulation, and gathering spaces while contributing to the
overall visual appeal of the facility. **Note that the specifications and materials will change
depending on the Road sections that are yet to be received. Types of Hardscapes in MMLP is as below

Pathways
Pathways and Walkways:
Walkways:

• **Material: Use durable materials such as concrete, stone, pavers, or gravel to construct
pathways that connect different zones within the facility.
• **Design: Ensure pathways are wide enough to accommodate pedestrian traffic and
accessible for all users, including those with disabilities.
• **Functionality: Include lighting and signage for safety and wayfinding.

Plazas:
Plazas:

• Material: Use high-quality pavers, stone, or stamped concrete to create inviting plazas and
open areas.
• Design: Incorporate seating, shading structures, and landscaping elements to make these
spaces comfortable and aesthetically pleasing.
• Functionality: These areas to support multiple uses and relaxation.

Walls and Fences:

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Material: Construct walls and fences using stone, brick, concrete, or metal, depending on the desired
aesthetic and functional requirements.

Design: Use walls and fences to define boundaries, provide privacy, and enhance security. Incorporate
design elements that blend with the overall landscape.

Functionality: Ensure structures are durable and low-maintenance.

Parking Areas and Driveways:

Driveways:

• **Material: Use asphalt, concrete, or permeable pavers for parking areas and driveways.
• **Design: Layouts to optimize space and ensure smooth traffic flow. Include clear markings
and signage.
• **Functionality: Integrate green infrastructure, such as bioswales or permeable surfaces, to
manage stormwater runoff and reduce environmental impact.

Retaining Walls:
Walls:

• Material: Use reinforced concrete, stone, or modular block systems for constructing retaining
walls.
• Design: Build retaining walls to manage changes in elevation and prevent soil erosion.
Incorporate drainage systems to prevent water buildup.
• Functionality: Ensure walls are structurally sound and blend seamlessly with the surrounding
landscape.

Water Features:
Features:

• Material: Utilize natural stone, concrete, or metal to create fountains, ponds, or waterfalls.
• Design: Integrate water features as focal points within the landscape to enhance aesthetic
appeal and provide a calming environment.
• Functionality: Water features with sustainable practices, such as recirculating systems, to
minimize water usage.

Permeable Flooring for Open Yard Areas:

• Material: Use permeable pavers or reinforced turf systems designed to withstand heavy
loads, such as those from trailers, containers, and other industrial equipment.
• Design: Ensure the layout facilitates efficient movement and storage of vehicles and goods
while providing effective drainage to manage stormwater.
• Functionality: Incorporate structural support layers under the permeable surfaces to handle
the expected dead and live loads, preventing subsidence and maintaining durability.

Hardscape Implementation and Maintenance

Design Principles

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Sustainability: Use of eco-friendly materials and construction practices to minimize environmental

impact. Incorporate permeable surfaces to manage stormwater and reduce runoff.

Aesthetics: Ensure that hardscape elements complement the natural landscape and overall design of
the MMLP. Use of consistent materials and design themes to create a cohesive look.

Durability: Choose materials and construction techniques that ensure longevity and require minimal
maintenance.

Installation Guidelines

Site Preparation: Properly grade and compact the soil to provide a stable foundation for hardscape
elements. Ensure adequate drainage to prevent water damage.

Material Selection: Select high-quality materials that are appropriate for the intended use and local
climate conditions.

Construction: Follow best practices for construction to ensure structural integrity and durability. Use
skilled labor for installation to achieve high-quality finishes.

Maintenance Practices

Regular Inspection: Conduct routine inspections to identify and address any damage or wear. Repair
cracks, replace broken pavers, and reseal surfaces as needed.

Cleaning: Keep hardscape surfaces clean by removing debris, stains, and moss. Use appropriate
cleaning agents that do not harm the materials.

Seasonal Care: Adjust maintenance practices seasonally, such as applying de-icing products in winter
or resealing surfaces in spring.

Specific Hardscape Zones in MMLP

Landscape Areas Along Internal Roads:

Roads:

• Pathways: Pathways using concrete or pavers, integrating green spaces with trees and shrubs
as specified in design.
• Lighting: Energy-efficient lighting installation for safety and aesthetics.

Landscape Areas Adjacent to External Main Road:

Road:

• Entrances: Attractive entrance features with signage, lighting, and landscaped medians.
• Buffers: walls or fences to provide a buffer between the main road and internal facilities.

Other Subsidiary Areas:

Areas:

• Utility Areas: Hardscapes designto facilitate easy access and maintenance of utility zones,
such as waste management areas.
• Hardscape Areas of Open Warehouses/Yards:

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o Parking and Loading Zones: Ensure robust, durable surfaces for heavy vehicle traffic.
Implement clear signage and markings.
o Drainage: Effective drainage solutions incorporation to manage stormwater runoff.

Specialized Open Park Area:

Area:

• Recreational Spaces: Plazas, seating areas, and pathways to create a welcoming environment
for relaxation and recreation.
• Water Features: Sustainable water features to enhance the park's aesthetic appeal.

1.11. Inclusive Landscape Design for the Multi-Modal Logistics Park

(MMLP) Project

Overview

Inclusive design ensures that landscapes are accessible, usable, and enjoyable for everyone, regardless
of age, ability, or background. In the MMLP project, adopting inclusive design principles is essential to
create an environment that is welcoming and accommodating to all users, including employees,
visitors, and any other authorized persons. By considering the diverse needs of users, the landscape
can be made more functional, safe, and enjoyable. **Note that the specifications and materials will
change depending on the Road sections that are yet to be received.

Principles of Inclusive Design

Accessibility:
Accessibility:

• All areas of the landscape are accessible to people with disabilities.

• Provide ramps, wide pathways, and accessible entrances to accommodate wheelchairs,
strollers, and other mobility aids.

Usability:
Usability:

• Design elements are intuitive and easy to use for people of all ages and abilities.
• Clear signage and wayfinding aids to help users navigate the space effectively.

Safety
Safety:
fety:

• Landscape safety for all users by incorporating adequate lighting, non-slip surfaces, and
barrier-free walkways.

Implementing Inclusive Design in MMLP

Pathways and Walkways:

Walkways:

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• **Design: Ensure pathways are wide, smooth, and have gentle slopes to accommodate all
users, including those with mobility impairments.
• **Materials: Use non-slip, durable materials for pathways to ensure safety and longevity.
• **Wayfinding: Include tactile paving, clear signage, and visual markers to aid navigation for
people with visual impairments.

Entrances and Exits:

Exits:

• Accessibility: Provide ramps and automatic doors at all entrances and exits to ensure
accessibility for wheelchairs and strollers.
• Visibility: Use clear signage with large, high-contrast text to indicate entrances and exits.

**Parking
**Parking and Transportation:
Transportation:

• **Accessible Parking: Provide designated accessible parking spaces near entrances with clear
signage and appropriate dimensions.

Green Spaces and Gardens:

Gardens:

Community Gardens: Create community gardens that are accessible and include raised beds for
people with mobility impairments.

Sensory Gardens: Design sensory gardens with plants and features that engage all the senses, catering
to people with sensory disabilities.

Lighting and Safety Features:

Features:

**Lighting: Install adequate lighting along pathways, entrances, and gathering spaces to ensure safety
and visibility at all times.

**Safety Features: Incorporate safety features such as non-slip surfaces, handrails, and well-marked
transitions between different areas.

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