Anti-Lock Braking System

An anti-lock braking system is a modern braking technology which is used

to avoid skidding of the wheel by rapid braking-release action. Therefore, the
driver never experience the steering locking and able to steer the vehicle
during braking.

The anti-lock braking system consists of;

 Brake Pedal
 Master Cylinder
 Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
 Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
 Speed Sensors
 Brake Calliper
 Brake Disc
 Wheels

Copyrighted@L-124610/2023 Prepared by: Dr. Rahul Krishnaji Bawane

When driver applied braking force on brake pedal, this force amplified using
hydraulic master cylinder. The high pressure hydraulic fluid from master
cylinder flow to the wheel brakes through Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU).
When the high pressure hydraulic fluid applied on brake calliper, it produce
friction using brake pads on the brake disc. The brake disc mounted on
wheel hub and in turn the wheel stop rotating.

This wheel locking cuases vehicle to skid and the steering lock prevent driver
to steer vehicle during the braking.

The speed sensors at wheels send single that wheels are locked to Electronic
Control Unit (ECU) where all input signal data analyzed and send signals to
HCU.

The hydraulic control unit (HCU), first isolate master cylinder and take a
charge of braking system. It consists of mainly three parts pump,
accumulator and solenoid valves. HCU unit works in pulses which operates
solenoid valve and in turn braking system 10-15 times in a second.

When brake release the braking fluid return to accumulator and next
moment the pump again supplied pressurized fluid to brake and braking
force applied. Thus, it causes braking and releasing of the brakes in pulses,
which avoids skid of vehicle and steering does not lock and driver can steer
the vehicle even in braking.

The anti-lock brake system responsed rapidly till vehicle speed reduces or
the vehicle stops without skidding and without steering lock.

Advantages Anti-lock braking system -

 Reduced the braking distance.

 Avoid steering lock and enhance the steering control, so the vehicle
can turn in the desired direction in braking.
 Reduce the possibility of accidents due to improved braking.

Disadvantages Anti-lock braking system -

 It increased overall cost of a vehicle.

 More number of parts and sensors results in higher maintenance
costs.

Appications of Anti-lock braking system -

 Bike
 Car

Copyrighted@L-124610/2023 Prepared by: Dr. Rahul Krishnaji Bawane