HAPPY SABBATH!

GRACE & PEACE TO YOU FROM GOD THE FATHER AND OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST

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THE e
WRIT STUFF
The New Testament Scripture

www.totw.org
 Acts 20:27 For I have not
shunned to declare unto you
all the counsel of God.

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2 Timothy 2:15 Study to shew thyself approved
unto God, a workman that needeth not to be
ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.

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 2 Timothy 2:15 Study to shew thyself approved
unto God, a workman that needeth not to be
ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.
Matthew 23:2-3 Saying, The scribes and the Pharisees
sit in Moses' seat: All therefore whatsoever they bid
you observe, that observe and do; but do not ye after
their works: for they say, and do not.
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. Reasons People DOUBT the New Testament
• Historical and Textual Criticism
• Authorship and Dating questions
• Alleged Contradictions and Inconsistencies
• Some say its just Commentary but Not Scripture

.Reasons People TRUST the New Testament

• Eyewitness Testimony
• Archeological Evidence
• Early Manuscripts
• Fulfilled Prophecy
• Changed Lives/Impact
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 EYEWITNESSES
2 Peter 1:16 For we have not followed cunningly devised fables,
when we made known unto you the power and coming of our
Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty.
1 John 1:1-3 That which was from the beginning, which we have
heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked
upon, and our hands have handled, of the Word of life; (For the life
was manifested, and we have seen it, and bear witness, and shew
unto you that eternal life, which was with the Father, and was
manifested unto us;) That which we have seen and heard declare
we unto you, that ye also may have fellowship with us: and truly our
fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ.
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 TOTW.ORG
# 1: Mary Magdalene John 20:11-17 # 7: The Seven Apostles John 21:14
# 2: Other Mary & Salome Matt 28:1 & Mark 16:1 # 8: The Apostles in Galilee Matt 28:16-20
# 3: Simon Peter Luke 24:34 # 9: 500 People at One Time 1 Cor 15:6
# 4: The Two Disciples Emmaus Luke 24:13-32 # 10: James 1 Corinthians 15:7
# 5: The 10 Apostles Luke 24:33-49 # 11: The 11 Apostles Acts 1:4-9
# 6: The 11 Apostles John 20:26-30 # 12: The Apostle Paul Acts 9 & 1 Cor 15:8
In total, at least 513 people saw Jesus alive after His death and resurrection. In any
courtroom, this number of witnesses would be far more than needed to establish the
accuracy of an event. Further, many of these eyewitnesses suffered and died for
their belief that Jesus had risen from the dead. The overwhelming evidence
points to Jesus literally returning to life on the third day after His death,
appearing to many people, and ascending to heaven 40 days later. 9
 Matthew 28:18 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.

AUTHORITY
Matthew 10:40 He that receiveth you Matthew 19:28 And Jesus said unto them,
receiveth me, and he that receiveth Verily I say unto you, That ye which have
followed me, in the regeneration when the
me receiveth him that sent me.
Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory,
Revelation 21:14 And the wall of the city ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones,
had twelve foundations, and in them the judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.
2 Peter 3:2 That ye may be mindful
Luke 9:1-2 Then he called his twelve of the words which were spoken
disciples together, and gave them power
and authority over all devils, and to cure
before by the holy prophets, and of
diseases. And he sent them to preach the the commandment of us the
kingdom of God, and to heal the sick. apostles of the Lord and Saviour: 10
 Acts 2:42 And they continued stedfastly in
the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and
in breaking of bread, and in prayers.
2 Timothy 4:2-4 Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort
with all longsuffering and doctrine. For the time will come when they will not endure sound
doctrine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears;
And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables.

Titus 1:9 Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able
by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers.

Titus 2:1 But speak thou the things which become sound doctrine: 11
•John 14:26 But the Comforter, which is the
Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in
my name, he shall teach you all things, and
bring all things to your remembrance,
whatsoever I have said unto you.
• The Gospels were written between 50-70 AD, during a time
when there were many eyewitnesses who could have
disputed their accuracy.
• There’s no record of anyone alive at the time questioning
their accuracy. 12
 1 Thessalonians 5:27 I charge you by the Lord that
this epistle be read unto all the holy brethren.
Colossians 4:16 And when this epistle is read among you,
cause that it be read also in the church of the Laodiceans;
and that ye likewise read the epistle from Laodicea.
Revelation 1:3-4 Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear
the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are
written therein: for the time is at hand. John to the seven
churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from
him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from
the seven Spirits which are before his throne; 13
 Textual Evidence
RESOURCE: New Testament Virtual Manuscript Room https://ntvmr.uni-muenster.de/home or not
secure http://ntmanuscripts.org
This site is devoted to the study of Greek New Testament manuscripts. The New Testament Virtual Manuscript Room is a
place where scholars can come to find the most exhaustive list of New Testament manuscript resources, can contribute to
marking attributes about these manuscripts, and can find state of the art tools for researching this rich dataset.

GREEK MANUSCRIPT COPIES

Inventory New Testament Fragments

In addition, there are over 19,000 copies in the Syriac,

Latin, Coptic, and Aramaic languages. The total supporting
New Testament manuscript base is over 24,000. 14
 Textual Evidence

NOT 90-250AD AS SOME

‘SCHOLARS’ GUESS. MORE ON
THAT IN A FEW MOMENTS!

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2.) Herod (Herod the Great/ King) who
sought the wise men in Matthew Ch. 2.
1.) The Pilate stone or
Pilate's inscription was found in
Caesarea Maritima in 1961. The
inscription reads, “Tiberium Pontius
Pilate – Prefect of Judea”. Prefect
was a military term used in the
Roman empire. Pilate has been
attested by Josephus, a
1st century Jewish historian, by
Philo, a 1st century Jewish
philosopher, and by Tacitus, a
1st century Roman historian.
Archeological Evidence
4.) Ossuary (bone box)
of Caiaphas, who was
the high priest during
Jesus’ crucifixion,
mentioned in Matthew
26:57.
3.) The Bethesda Pool, where Jesus
heals the paralytic man in the Gospel of
John, is a complex site. It appears to
have been a mikveh, or ritual bath. As
the spot of one of Jesus’ miracles, the
Bethesda Pool was built over in
subsequent periods with chapels and
churches that are still visible today. 16
 Archeological Evidence
2.) Another find is from Romans
16:23, which introduces us to
Erastus, the city
Steward/Manager. Among the
ruins that were found at Corinth is
this pavement stone, which says,
“Erastus the Steward, at his own
expense...” and then is cut off, but
probably says, “Laid this
1.) In 2004, they found the Pool of pavement”. This inscription dates
Siloam, in Jerusalem, which is the to the 1st century AD.
site of Jesus’ miracle, recorded in
John 9:1-11. Here is a picture
(below) of the pool of Siloam.

3.) Archaeologists have found his

inscription, around 1996, just outside
of Paphos. The inscription reads,
“Paulus proconsul…” (again,
proconsul was an office in ancient
Rome). Sergius Paulus, who we meet 4.) Gallio’s Inscription”,
in the New Testament, in Acts 13:6-12. aka Delphi Inscription 17
EARLIER NT?

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 EARLIER NT? EARLIER NT?
1. Barnabus (70-130 A.D.) The Epistle of Barnabas quotes Matthew 22:14; half of Matthew 5:42 (also Luke
6:30); half of Matthew 9:13b; Matthew 20:16b; Matthew 22:43-45 (also Psalm 110:1); half of Mark 2:17b
(also Matthew 9:13b; Luke 5:32); Luke 5:32 (also Matthew 9:13; Mark 2:17); half of Luke 6:30 (also
Matthew 5:42); alludes to John 1:14; alludes to Acts 14:22, 2 Corinthians, Colossians 1:16, 1 Timothy
3:16, James 1:8, 2 Peter 3:8; quotes Hebrews 2:12 (also Psalm 22:23)
2. Clement of Rome (96-98 A.D.) 1 Clement quotes Matthew 18:6 (also Mark 9:42) as by the Lord Jesus
Christ. Mark 7:6 1; Matthew 15:8; Isaiah 29:13; 1/4 of Acts 20:35f; quotes Romans 1:32b; 1 Corinthians
2:9; half of Titus 3:1b; Heb 1:4; half of Heb 3:2b ; three-fourths of Heb 10:37; James 4:6 (same as 1 Peter
5:5b; Proverbs 3:34); Revelation 22:12 (This is also the same as Isaiah 40:10; 62:11)
3. Polycarp (100-155 A.D.) Letter of Polycarp to the Philippians ch.2 p.33 (110-155 A.D.) quotes all of
Matthew 7:1; Luke 6:36; half of Acts 2:24a; one-fourth of Galatians 6:7; half of 2 Thessalonians 3:15a;
quotes 1 Timothy 6:7; half of 1 Timothy 6:10a; 2 Timothy 2:12; all of 1 Peter 2:22; first half of 1 Peter 3:9;
last fourth of 1 Peter 1:11; first half of 1 Peter 2:23; half of 1 John 4:3a,c; **Of particular note is
Polycarp quotes Ephesians twice and refers to it as ‘Sacred Scripture. Ephesians 4:26 “For I trust that ye
are well versed in the Sacred Scriptures, …It is declared then in these Scriptures, ‘Be ye angry, and sin
not,’ and , ‘Let not the sun go down upon your wrath.’” (12/12 words of the verse); Ephesians 2:8,9;
4. Ignatius(108-140 A.D.): Ephesians; 1 Thessalonians 5:17 (Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp); one-fourth of 1
Timothy 1:1 (Ignatius’ Letter to the Magnesians)
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 Papias disciple of John (wrote 95-110 A.D.)
Papias refers by name to the books of Mark, Matthew, First Epistle of John and the Epistle of
Peter. Fragment 6 from Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical History book 3 ch.39 p.173. Eusebius is
writing, and Eusebius questioned 2 Peter, so the Epistle of Peter would refer to 1 Peter.
“I shall not hesitate to put down for you with my interpretations whatsoever things I
well learned at one time from the Presbyters,” (the elders of the church) “and well
remembered, confidently asserting truthfulness for them. For I did not take pleasure as
the multitude does in those who say many things, but in those who teach the things
that are true. Nor did I take pleasure in those who recall strange commands, but in
those who recall the commands given by the Lord to the Faith and coming from Truth
itself. But if, per chance, there came, also, anyone who had followed the Presbyters, I
made inquiry concerning the words of the Presbyters, what Andrew or what Peter had
said, or what Philip or what Thomas or James, or what John or Matthew, or any of the
other disciples of the Lord said. And what things Aristeon and the Presbyter John,
disciples of the Lord used to say. For I did not suppose that the things from the books
would aid me, so much as things from the living and continuing voice.” 20
 Polycarp [A.D. 125] quotes Ephesians twice
and refers to it as ‘Sacred Scripture.
•Polycarp (100-155 A.D.) quotes Ephesians 4:26 “For I trust that
ye are well versed in the Sacred Scriptures, …It is declared then
in these Scriptures, ‘Be ye angry, and sin not,’ and , ‘Let not
the sun go down upon your wrath.’” (12/12 words of the
verse) -- Polycarp’s Letter to the Philippians ch.12 p.35

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 (NOT CANON SCRIPTURE) Barnabas 16:5 Again, it was revealed how
the city and the temple and the people of Israel should be betrayed. For
the scripture saith; And it shall be in the last days, that the Lord shall
deliver up the sheep of the pasture and the fold and the tower
thereof to destruction. And it came to pass as the Lord spake.

• Epistle of Barnabas (c.70-130 A.D.) When was the Epistle of Barnabas written?
• Roberts & Donaldson in Ante-Nicene Fathers vol.1 p.151 says “[A.D. 100]”
• David W. Bercot’s A Dictionary of Early Christian Beliefs p.xvi says “c.70-110” [A.D.]
Epistle of Barnabas ch.16:3-5 refers to the destruction of
Jerusalem in 70 A.D., so it undoubtedly was written after that.
• Clement of Alexandria (193-217/220 A.D.) quoted from the Epistle of Barnabas, so it
had to be before 220 (or 193) and after 70AD.
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 When Was The Apostle James’ (Zebedee) Death?
Encyclopedia Britannica: 44 AD
NewAdvent.org: 44AD
Library of Biblical Archeology: Early 40’s AD
REF: Acts of the Apostles 12:2 “killed with the sword”
When Were The Jews Expelled by Claudius?
Cassius Dio: 41AD
Cambridge.org: 49AD
JewishVirtualLibrary: 41-50 AD (Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus Roman emperor 41–54 C.E. )
REF: Acts of the Apostles 18:2 …(because that Claudius had
commanded all Jews to depart from Rome:) … 23
 When Was The Trial of Paul by Agrippa II?
Encyclopedia.com: 57-60AD
BibleStudyTools.com: 62AD
AncientResource.com: 59-62AD
REF: Acts of the Apostles ch. 24-26
Porcius Festus was governor approx. 59-62AD

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 EARLIER NT?
Matthew 24:1-2 And Jesus went out, and departed
from the temple: and his disciples came to him for to
shew him the buildings of the temple. And Jesus said
unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say
unto you, There shall not be left here one stone
upon another, that shall not be thrown down.

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 EARLIER NT!!!
When Was Masada Taken?
Britannica.com: Antiquities: 73 AD
JewishVirtualLibrary.org: 73 AD
The Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land: 73 AD

Matthew 23:36-38 Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation. O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that
killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together,
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as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not! Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.
 EARLIER NT!!!

When Was The Temple Destroyed?

Britannica.com: Antiquities: 70 AD
JewishVirtualLibrary.org: 70 AD
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 EARLIER NT!!!

When Was Great Fire of Rome?

History.com July 18th, 64AD
Encyclopedia Britannica: 64AD

When Was The Great Revolt (aka First Jewish War) ?

Britannica.com: 66-73AD
newworldencyclopedia.com: 66-73AD
Josephus: Jewish Wars: 66-73AD

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 EARLIER NT!!!
When Was James’ (Lord’s brother) Death?
Josephus: Antiquities: 62AD
ChristianHistory.org: 62 AD
When Was The Apostle Peter’s Death?
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 66-67AD
Encyclopedia Britannica: 62-64AD
When Was The Apostle Paul’s Death?
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 66-67AD
Encyclopedia Britannica: 62-64AD 29
 INSPIRED NT!
2 Timothy 3:13-17 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse
and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. But continue thou
in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured
of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them; And that from a
child thou hast known the holy scriptures [gramma], which
are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which
is in Christ Jesus. All scripture [graphe] is given by inspiration
of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for
correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of
God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. 30
 Apostolic Authority
1 Corinthians 9:1 Am I not an apostle? am I
not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our
Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?
Acts 22:14-15 And he said, The God of our fathers
hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his
will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the
voice of his mouth. For thou shalt be his witness
unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard. 31
 Apostolic Authority
1 Corinthians 14:37 If any man think himself to be a prophet,
or spiritual, let him acknowledge that the things that I write
unto you are the commandments of the Lord.

1 Thessalonians 2:13 For this cause also thank we God

without ceasing, because, when ye received the word
of God which ye heard of us, ye received it not as the
word of men, but as it is in truth, the word of God,
which effectually worketh also in you that believe. 32
 DISOBEDIENCE = DISCIPLINE
2 Thessalonians 3:14-15 And if any man obey not our
word by this epistle, note that man, and have no
company with him, that he may be ashamed. Yet count
him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.

2 Corinthians 13:2-3 I told you before, and foretell you, as if I were

present, the second time; and being absent now I write to them
which heretofore have sinned, and to all other, that, if I come
again, I will not spare: Since ye seek a proof of Christ speaking in
me, which to you-ward is not weak, but is mighty in you. 33
 Inspired Writings = Scripture!

2 Peter 1:20-21 Knowing this first, that no

prophecy of the scripture is of any private
interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old
time by the will of man: but holy men of God
spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.
Jeremiah 1:9 Then the LORD put forth his hand,
and touched my mouth. And the LORD said unto
me, Behold, I have put my words in thy mouth. 34
 Paul’s Writings = Scripture!

2 Peter 3:15-17 And account that the longsuffering of our

Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also
according to the wisdom given unto him hath written
unto you; As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of
these things; in which are some things hard to be
understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable
wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own
destruction. Ye therefore, beloved, seeing ye know these
things before, beware lest ye also, being led away with the
error of the wicked, fall from your own stedfastness. 35
 Paul’s Writings = Scripture!
2 Peter 3:15-17 And account that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also
according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto you; As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these
things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they
do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction. Ye therefore, beloved, seeing ye know these things before,
beware lest ye also, being led away with the error of the wicked, fall from your own stedfastness.

1.) Peter calls Paul “Our beloved brother”

2.) Paul’s Letters of faith were in ‘circulation”
(“As also in all his epistles”)
3.) Paul’s writings were well known.
“our beloved brother Paul also according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto
you;” speaking in them of these things; in which are some things hard to be understood,”
4.) Paul’s Letters equated with OT books.
“wrest, as they do also the other scriptures”
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 Luke’s Writings = Scripture!

1 Timothy 5:18 For the scripture saith, Thou shalt

not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And,
The labourer is worthy of his reward.
Deuteronomy 25:4 Thou shalt not muzzle the
ox when he treadeth out the corn.

Luke 10:7 And in the same house remain, eating and

drinking such things as they give: for the labourer is
worthy of his hire. Go not from house to house. 37
Psalm 119:130 The entrance of thy words giveth
light; it giveth understanding unto the simple.

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THANK YOU!
HAVE A GREAT REST OF THE SABBATH

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- Kenneth Hoeck - TOTW.ORG