Adama Science and Technology University

School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering

Materials Science and Engineering Department

Model Exit Exam Two

1. Determine the Miller indices of the plane in the figure below?

A) (623) B) (341) C) (431) D) (346)

2. The unit cell with a  b  c,  =  =  = 90 refers to__________ crystal system.

A) Hexagonal B) Trigonal C) Triclinic D) Orthorhombic

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3. 2/m2/m2/m point group belongs to ___________ Crystal system.

A) Hexagonal B) Orthorhombic C) Tetragonal D) Trigonal

4. What is a point group of stereographic projection shown below?

A) 2/m B) 4mm C) 3/m D) 3

5. _________ is the interface between two separate crystals that are mirror images
of each other.

A) Stacking fault C) Twin boundary

B) Grain Boundary D) Vacancy defect

6. Experimental determinations of the concentration of vacancies in copper gave

the values of 8×10-5 , 980 °C at 16×10-5 1060 °C. From these values, compute the
entropy of formation a vacancy in copper.

A) 1.8x10−4 𝑒𝑉/𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 B) 9.93 ev/atom C) 8.06 ev/atom D) 1.24 ev/atom

7. Calculate the strains in the x directions for the composite subjected to the
loading as shown in the figure. The composite is made of boron-epoxy. Take the
data given for 00 unidirectional E-glass-epoxy as: E11 = 200 Gpa, E22 = 20 GPa, G12
= 6.5 Gpa and V12 = 0.2.

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A) 0.55 x 10-3 B) -7 x 10-7 C) -2.6 x 10-3 D) 3.4 x 10-5

8. Consider a metal with an FCC structure and an atomic weight of 92.9. When
monochromatic x-radiation having a wavelength of 0.1028 nm is focused on the
crystal, the angle of diffraction (2θ) for the (311) set of planes in this metal occurs
at 71.2 degrees (for the first order reflection n=1). Calculate the density of the
metal (units of g/cm3)?

A) 15.31 g / cm3 B) 24.53 g / cm3 C) 9.80 g / cm3 D) 28.35 g / cm3

9. During sintering densification is not due to:

a. Atomic diffusion
b. Surface diffusion
c. Bulk diffusion
d. Grain growth
10. Hot isostatic pressing is not a viable option if the chief criterion is:
a. Strengthen without grain growth
b. Lost cost
c. Zero porosity

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 d. Processing refractory ceramics
11. Among the following which exhibits the highest thermal conductivity?
a. Alumina

b. Silicon carbide

c. Silicon nitride

d. Sialon
12. Which of the following class of engineering ceramics generally includes lubricant
materials?
a. Metalloids

b. Intermetallics

c. Sulphides

d. Carbides
13. Which of the following ceramic materials comes under category of traditional ceramics?
a. Silicon carbides
b. Alumina
c. Titanium carbide
d. Tungsten carbide
14. Which one of the following statements is not correct regarding the features of ceramics?
a. Ceramics are hard, strong and dense
b. Ceramics are stronger in compression than in tension
c. Ceramics have very poor dielectric properties
d. Ceramics are weak in impact strength
15. Which one is the correct sequence for new ceramics manufacturing:
a. Starting materialsshapingsinteringfinishing
b. Starting materialssinteringshapingfinishing
c. Starting materialsshapingfinishingsintering
d. Starting materialsfinishingshapingsintering
16. Finishing operations for new ceramics are
a. Increase dimensional accuracy
b. Improve surface finish

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 c. Make minor changes in part geometry
d. All

17.When an atom, usually hydrogen, is transferred from one polymer radical to

another, this termination is called what?
a. Direct coupling
b. Combination
c. Disproportionation
d. Proportionating
18.Which polymerization is more appropriate to lead to much narrower
molecular weight distributions?
a. Living polymerization
b. Polycondensation
c. Step-growth polymerization
d. Chain-growth polymerization
19. In current commercial practice the most important block copolymer is the
ABA triblock, where the “A” block is usually polystyrene and the “B” block
is isoprene or butadiene. Such polymer is known as what? Note that the
applications include pressure-sensitive adhesives, asphalt modifiers, sports
footwear, and drug-releasing stents, etc.
a. Crosslinked plastic
b. Thermoplastic elastomers
c. Engineering plastic
d. Thermoset
20. It is a highly branched polymer molecule and the name comes from the
Greek word “tree”.
Choose the exact terminology related with the aforementioned definition.
a. Supramolecular
b. Trimer
c. Oligomer
d. Dendrimer
21. What is the single most important characteristic in choosing a polymer for a
given application?
a. Melting temperature
b. Glass transition temperature
c. Boiling temperature
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 d. Heat Capacity

22.Thermoelastic inversion displays that, at elongation below about 10%, the

stress decreases with temperature, in contrast to the larger strain behavior. At
we are anticipating that the elasticity is primarily due to entropy, we expect
the force to increase with temperature. What is the reason for the behavior
(i.e., thermoelastic inversion) at small elongation?
a. Viscoelasticity
b. Thermal expansion
c. Network structure
d. Viscosity change
23. Among synthetic polymers, those with a single kind of repeat unit are called
((a)), and those containing more than one kind of repeat unit are ( (b) ).
While linear polymers are important, they are not the only type of molecules
possible: ((c)) molecules are common. Choose the right answers for the
blanks (a), (b), and (c), respectively, from the below lists.
a. linear polymers, two polymers, network polymer
b. Homopolymer, copolymers, branched and crosslinked
c. Homopolymer, hetero-polymers, block-copolymer
d. linear polymers, conjugated polymer, conducting polymers
24.Polyester could be synthesized by the successive reactions between ((a)) and
((b)). Choose the right answer for the blanks (a) and (b) from the below lists.
a. Diamines, dicarboxylic acids
b. Adipic acid, hexamethylene diamine
c. Terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol
d. Diols, dicarboxylic acids
25. Which of the following statements is true?
A. the resistance of a pure semiconductor increase with increase of its temperature

B. valence band and the conduction band of semiconductor is overlap

C. intrinsic semiconductor is created by doping impurities in it

D. the resistivity of a semiconductor depend upon atomic nature of the

semiconductor

26. Energy gap between valance band and conduction band is termed as

A. finite energy band

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 B. kinetic energy band

C. forbidden energy band

D. Gravitational

27. The barrier voltage at a pn junction for silicon is approximental ______________.

A. 0.3V

B. 0.7V

C. 0V

D. 1.7V

28. Which of the following is a false statement?

A. donor impurity increases the resistance of the semiconductor

B. acceptor impurities produces energy bands near above the valence bands

C. electrons can move freely and not tied to any given atom in conduction band

D. a width of depletion region become thicker for reverse biased pn junction

29. Select the true statement from the following

A. the number of free electrons equals the number of hole in extrinsic

semiconductor

B. an extrinsic semiconductor has few free electrons and holes at room

temperature

C. the majority charge carriers in a p-type semiconductor is hole

D. Extrinsic semiconductors are those which are made of semiconductor material

in its purest form

30. In case of trivalent elements doping of Si, the energy of the doped state is

A. located in the Si bandgap, relatively close to the conduction band.

B. located out of the Si bandgap, relatively close to the conduction band edge.

C. located out of the Si bandgap, relatively close to the valence band edge.

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 D. located in the Si bandgap, relatively close to the valence band.

31. The electron concentration varies linearly from 1x1018cm-3 to 1 x1017cm-3 over a distance
of 0.10cm in GaAs at 300k. If the diffusion coefficient is 25cm2 /s, the diffusion current should
be

A. 360A/cm2

B. 36A/cm2

C. 3.6A/cm2

D. 36A/cm2

32. Hall effect is useful for the measurement of a semiconductor’s

A. Mobility, carrier concentration and temperature B

B. Type (n-type or p-type), conductivity and temperature

C. Type (n-type or p-type), mobility and carrier concentration

D. Mobility, conductivity and temperature

33. Which of the following is one of the major manufacturing processes for making
metallic components with desired shapes and bulk solid metallic materials with regular
shapes, and it starts with metallic liquid.
A. Nuclei
B. Casting
C. Growth process
D. All
34. _________________ is a classic example of a nucleation and growth process
A. Solidification
B. Casting
C. Phase
D. All
35. Which of the following is the property of homogeneous nucleation
A. occurs spontaneously and randomly
B. requires superheating or supercooling of the medium.
C. nuclei of the new phase form uniformly throughout the parent phase
D. All
36. Which of the following is not correct about phase?
A. refers to a separate and identifiable state of matter
B. a homogeneous portion of a system with non-uniform physical and chemical
characteristic.
C. it is a physically distinct from other phases, chemically homogenous and
mechanically separable portion of a system.

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 D. None
37. Which of the following is the limitation of phase diagrams
A. give no information on the structural form
B. no information on the distribution of phases
C. phase diagrams portray only equilibrium states
D. All
38. At 300ºC the diffusion coefficient and activation energy for Cu in Si are D(300ºC) =
7.8 x 10-11 m2/s, Qd = 41.5 kJ/mol. What is the diffusion coefficient at 350ºC? (R=
8 . 314 J/mol-K )

A. 15.7 x 10-11 m2/s

B. 0.65 x 10-11 m2/s
C. 2.36×10 m2/s
D. None
39. Which of the following is the most important factors affecting the diffusion coefficient
A. Temperature
B. Composition
C. A&B
D. None
40. Which of the following represent the relationships between temperature and the
compositions and the quantities of phases at equilibrium.
A. Diffusion
B. Equilibrium phase diagrams
C. Coefficient of expansion
D. Diffusion coeffient

41. Thermal diffusivity of polymers with increasing degree of crystallinity

and that is depends on the rate of crystalline growth.
A. Decrease
B. Increase
C. Unchanged
D. None
42. Among the below listed polymers one is not thermoplastic type polymer
A. Polyacetylene (POM)
B. Polyamide 66 (PA66)
C. Polycarbonate (PC)
D. Epoxy (EP)
43. Amorphous polymers show an in thermal conductivity with increase temperature
up to glass transition temperature and in thermal conductivity above glass
transition temperature
A. Increase , decrease
B. Increase, increase
C. Decrease, decrease

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 D. Decrease, increase

44. in polymer processing involves breaking secondary immiscible fluid or

an agglomerate of solid particles and dispersing them throughout the matrix
A. Dispersive mixing
B. Distributive mixing
C. Coating
D. Shaping
45. is used o make hollow objects
A. Compression molding
B. Rotational molding
C. Extrusion process
D. Injection molding
46. When melt expands on leaving the die leading to a coating that can be several times
thicker than the die gap itself, this phenomenon is called ____________
A. Die shrinking
B. Melt fracture
C. Die swelling
D. Die encapsulation
47. Thermosetting resins can be processed by ________________________ process
A. Compression molding
B. Injection molding
C. Spinning process
D. Extrusion process
48. Answer, which cannot be done by using an extruder device? ______________
A. Extrusion
B. Mixing
C. Compounding
D. Centrifuging
49. Below graph shows the relationship between the Interatomic potential V(R) and
Interatomic distance (R). What is the physical mining of Vo from the graph?

a) electron affinity
b) binding energy
c) ionization energy

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 d) potential energy
50. X-rays with wavelength 1.54 Å are “reflected” from the (202) planes of a cubic crystal with unit
cell a = 6 Å. Calculate the Bragg angle,θ, for second order of reflection.
a) 21.1 ̊
b) 22.5 ̊
c) 46.55 ̊
d) 52.3 ̊
51. Which one of the following is not the characteristics of semiconductor
a) At zero Kelvin, it behaves like insulators.
b) The resistance of semiconductor materials decreases with increasing temperature
c) Their resistivity is better than the resistivity of the conductor
d) The resistance of semiconductor materials increases with increasing temperature
52. Fermi Dirac distribution f(E) for energy E is expressed as f(E) =f(E)=1/(1+e(E-EF/ kT))
Here, K stands for Boltzmann constant and EF is the Fermi energy. At T = 0K, for E <
EF, the value of f(E) is
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) ∞
53. The process of doping in semiconductor is done for improving ____ properties?
a) Structural
b) Optical
c) Electrical
d) Mechanical
54. Determine the electron mobility in silicon at doping concentrations Nd = 1016 cm-3 and
temperatures T = 25°C.
a) 1200 cm2 /V-s
b) 1100 cm2 /V-s
c) 500 cm2 /V-s
d) 800 cm2 /V-s
55. Which among the following is true about magnetic susceptibility?

a) It is the ratio of magnetic intensity to intensity of magnetization

b) The SI unit of magnetic susceptibility is Tesla (T)
c) It is the ratio of intensity of magnetization to magnetic intensity
d) It is the ratio of magnetic moment to volume
56. Calculate the polarization vector of the material, which has 50 dipoles per unit volume in
a volume of 3 units
a) 200
b) 50

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 c) 150
d) 0.02
57. The two important characteristics of a crystal structure are
a. The coordination number and the atomic packing factor
b. The atomic number and molecular weigh
c. Atomic number and coordination number
d. None
58. If radius ratio of cations to anions is 0.155 - 0.225, the structure of ceramic is
--------------

a. Triangular c. Cubic
b. Hexagonal d. Linear

59. What is the difference between silica gel and amorphous silica glass
A. Charge balance of silica gel is by H+
B. Charge balance silica gel is by Ca2+
C. Charge balance of silica gel is by Na+
D. None
60. which one has highest thermal expansion

a. Al c. SiC
b. MgO d. Al2O3

61. A liquid completely hydrophobic substrate when theta angle

A. θ = 0° C. If 90° < θ < 180°

B. If 0° < θ < 90° D. If θ = 180°

62. For interstitial, the ionic radius of the impurity must be relatively:

a. Large c. Medium
b. Small d. Very large

63. Solid state sintering means

a. only solid phase state present in sintering

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 b. only liquid state phase present in sintering
c. only vapor phase present in sintering
d. all are correct

64. Which ceramics materials used in automotive engine and parts for gas turbine,
turbocharger rotor, glow plug of diesel engine and hot plug.

a. Na2O
b. SiO2
c. Si3N4
d. None

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 65. Which of the following statements is true?
A. the resistance of a pure semiconductor increase with increase of its temperature
B. valence band and the conduction band of semiconductor is overlap
C. intrinsic semiconductor is created by doping impurities in it
D. the resistivity of a semiconductor depend upon atomic nature of the semiconductor
E. None of the above
66. Energy gap between valance band and conduction band is termed as
A. finite energy band
B. kinetic energy band
C. forbidden energy band
D. Gravitational
E. None of the above
67. The barrier voltage at a pn junction for silicon is approximental ______________.
A. 0.3V
B. 0.7V
C. 0V
D. 1.7V
E. None of the above
68. Which of the following is a false statement?
A. donor impurity increases the resistance of the semiconductor
B. acceptor impurities produces energy bands near above the valence bands
C. electrons can move freely and not tied to any given atom in conduction band
D. a width of depletion region become thicker for reverse biased pn junction
E. None of the above
69. Select the true statement from the following
A. the number of free electrons equals the number of hole in extrinsic semiconductor
B. an extrinsic semiconductor has few free electrons and holes at room temperature
C. the majority charge carriers in a p-type semiconductor is hole
D. Extrinsic semiconductors are those which are made of semiconductor material in its
purest form

70. In case of trivalent elements doping of Si, the energy of the doped state is
A. located in the Si bandgap, relatively close to the conduction band.
B. located out of the Si bandgap, relatively close to the conduction band edge.
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 C. located out of the Si bandgap, relatively close to the valence band edge.
D. located in the Si bandgap, relatively close to the valence band.
71. The electron concentration varies linearly from 1x10 18cm-3 to 1 x1017cm-3 over a
distance of 0.10cm in GaAs at 300k. If the diffusion coefficient is 25cm 2 /s, the
diffusion current should be
A. 360A/cm2
B. 36A/cm2
C. 3.6A/cm2
D. 0.36A/cm2
72. Hall effect is useful for the measurement of a semiconductor’s
A. Mobility, carrier concentration and temperature B
B. Type(n-type or p-type), conductivity and temperature
C. Type(n-type or p-type), mobility and carrier concentration
D. Mobility, conductivity and temperature
73. Which one of the following is not true about thermodynamics?
a. It can only be applied in materials engineering disciplines.
b. Its historical Greek word definitions are “thermos” means heat and “dynamos”
means power.
c. It is a natural science field of study that can be applied for several multi
disciplines. d) None of the above.
74. A container with rigid walls filled with a sample of ideal gas. The absolute temperature of
the gas is doubled. What happens to the pressure of the gas?
a) Doubles
b) Quadruples
c) Decreased to one-half
d) Decreased to one-fourth
75. A heat engine that in each cycle does positive work and loses energy as heat, with no heat
energy input, would violate:
a. The zeroth law of thermodynamics
b. The first law of thermodynamics
c. The second law of thermodynamics
d. The third law of thermodynamics
76. Which is one of the following statement is not true about the laws of thermodynamics?
a. The Zeroth law of TDs is concerned about the transitive properties of
thermodynamic equilibrium (thermal, mechanical & chemical).
b. The 2nd law TDs is all about entropy and tell us the overall change in the entropy
(disorder) of the universe tends to increase overtime.

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 c. The 3rd law TDs is all about the impossibility for a given material to attain an
absolute zero kelvin temperature (0°K) by any finite number of cyclic process.
d. None of the above
77. What are the conditions for an ideal solution which obeys Raoult's law over the entire
range of concentration?
a. ∆Hmix = 0 , ∆Vmix = 0, Ptotal
b. ∆Hmix = +ve , ∆Vmix = 0, Ptotal
c. ∆Hmix = 0 , ∆Vmix = +ve, Ptotal
d. ∆Hmix = 0 , ∆Vmix = 0, Ptotal

78. Consider the reaction which is at equilibrium C(s) + CO (g) = 2CO (g).Assume the gases
are assumed to behave ideally. Which one of the following is incorrect?
a. If the equilibrium is disturbed by adding some additional CO (g) into the reactor,
the shifted to the left.
b. If some additional solid carbon is added in the reactor, the reaction unaffected.
c. If the total pressure in the reactor is increased by compression, the reaction
proceeds to the left.
d. If the reaction is endothermic, the reaction proceeds to left.
79. Which one is even about a following graph?

a. At T <Tt, Gα< Gβ and hence α phase is not more stable.

b. Gβ, >Gα at T >Tt & and hence β phase is more stable.
c. G Iiq < Gβ, at T > Tm, and hence the liquid phase is more stable.
d. At T <Tt , Gα> Gβ and hence α phase is more stable.
80. What the value of the cell emf for the following given reaction. Suppose that, a Zn=1b,
aCu=1, aZnSO4=50aCuSO4.
Zn + CuSO4 = Cu + ZnSO4, ΔG=-213,000
Jat298K
a) 1054volts
b) 1.054volts
c) 1.054 eV
d) 2300volts.
81. A mineral is called an ore if
(a) the metal present in the mineral is precious
(b) the metal can be extracted from it

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 (c) if the metal can be extracted profitably from the ore
(d) Metal cannot be extracted from it
82. Which of the following statement is correct?

(a) Magnetite is an ore of manganese

(b) Bauxite is an ore of aluminum
(c) Hematite is an ore of mercury
(d) Pyrites is an ore of phosphorus
83. Ores like magnetite or tungstate in tin ores are concentrated by

(a) Froth floatation

(b) Electrostatic separation
(c) Gravity separation
(d) Magnetic separation
84. Which statement is correct?
a) Gangues are carefully chosen to combine with the slag present in the ore to produce
easily fusible flux to carry away the impurities
b) Slags are carefully chosen to combine with the flux present in the ore to produce
easily fusible gangue to carry away the impurities
c) Fluxes are carefully chosen to combine with the gangue present in the ore to produce
easily fusible slag to carry away the impurities
d) Gangues are carefully chosen to combine with the flux present in the ore to produce
easily fusible slag to carry away the impurities
85. Roasting is done in:
a) Open hearth furnace
b) Blast furnace
c) Electric furnace
d) None
86. Which of the following can be used to convert the entire carbon content of the coal into
gaseous products?
a) hydrogen
b) sulfur
c) Steam
d) Oxides
87. Which of the following process is used for the removal of water, carbon dioxide, or other
gases, which are chemically bound as hydrates or carbonates?

a) Evaporation
b) Calcination
c) Drying
d) Roasting
88. Flocculation can be counteracted by addition of chemicals such as:
a) lime
b) alum with the general formula XAl(SO4)2·12H2O, where X is a monovalent cation
such as potassium or ammonium

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 c) Alkali silicates and Sulfides
d) None of the chemicals are required
89. Hyper eutectoid steels have structure of:-
A) Ferrite and pearlite phases
B) Cementite and pearlite phases
C) Ferrite and cementite phases
D) Pearlite
90. Austenite iron has.....structure
A) FCC
B) BCC
C) BCT
D) HCP
91. The lower critical point for all steels is
A) 912 °C
B) 1394 °C
C) 727 °C
D) 1539 °C
92. In an iron-iron carbide phase diagram, the x-axis depicting composition extends up to
6.7 wt. % carbon. An intermediate compound.....is formed at this concentration.
A) Austenite
B) Pearlite
C) Ferrite
D) Cementite
93. The TTT diagram shows the time required for isothermal transition from:
A) Austenite to pearlite
B) Austenite to ferrite
C) Ferrite to pearlite
D) Martensite to pearlite
94. Identify wrong statement (s) about heat treatment.
A) Annealing is done to elevate plasticity in metals.
B) Carburization is done in low-carbon alloys to increase surface hardness.
C) Sudden quenching increases impact strength.
D) Reduction in strength and hardness occurs after long period of time is called
overaging.
95. Which one of the following statements is correct?
A) Iron-carbon and TTT diagrams are both non-equilibrium diagrams
B) Iron-carbon and TTT diagrams are both equilibrium diagrams
C) Iron-carbon diagram is a non-equilibrium but TTT diagram is an equilibrium
diagram
D) Iron-carbon diagram is an equilibrium but TTT diagram is a non-equilibrium
diagram
96. TTT curves are.....curves.
A) Isobaric
B) Isothermal
C) Isochoric
D) Adiabatic

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 97. 30) A reversible heat engine receives 3000 KJ of heat from a constant temperature
source at
650 K. If the surroundings is at 295 K, calculate the availability of heat energy.
A) 35.15 KJ
B) 935.15 KJ
C) 64.85 KJ
D) 2064.85 KJ
98. ------------------- Of thermodynamics is used for understanding the concept of entropy
change.
A) Third law
B) Second law
C) First law
D) Zeroth law
99. The second law of thermodynamics concludes that the efficiency of a heat engine
A) Cannot be predicted
B) Is greater than 100 %
C) Is less than 100 %
D) is equal to 100 %
100. “Heat cannot by itself flow from a body at a lower temperature to a body at
higher
temperature” is a statement of
A) Conservation of momentum
B) Conservation of energy
C) First law of thermodynamics
D) Second law of thermodynamics

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