CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG - Teacher Handout

I. Cấu trúc bị động theo các thì:

Thì Thể Chủ Động Thể Bị Động

Hiện tại đơn (Simple Present) S + V1/Vs/es + O S + am/is/are + V3/Ved + by O
Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present S + am/is/are + being + V3/Ved + by
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
Continuous) O
Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present S + have/has + been + V3/Ved + by
S + have/has + V3/Ved + O
Perfect) O
Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past) S + V2/Ved + O S + was/were + V3/Ved + by O
S + was/were + being + V3/Ved + by
Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous) S + was/were + V-ing + O
O
Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect) S + had + V3/Ved + O S + had + been + V3/Ved + by O
Tương lai đơn (Simple Future) S + will + V1 + O S + will + be + V3/Ved + by O
Tương lai hoàn thành (Future S + will + have + V3/Ved + S + will + have + been + V3/Ved + by
Perfect) O O

II. Trường hợp các câu bị động đặc biệt

a) Câu chủ động có hai tân ngữ

S1 + V + O + to V’ + O’ + ... S + V + O’ + to be + V’3/-ed + ... O’ + V + to/for... + by B1

My teacher gives me lots of I am given lots of homework by Lots of homework are given to
homework. my teacher. me by my teacher.

b) Câu bị động với động từ tường thuật.

Ví dụ:
- People said that he dropped out of school.
- People believe that she is very talented.
S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + O It is said that + Subject + verb Someone is said to + V
+....

People said that he is the best It is said that he is the best He is said to be the best
student in class. student in class. student in class

c) Câu chủ động là câu nhờ vả

S + have(chia) + somebody + v + something. S + have/get (chia) + something + V3/ed + by

+ somebody.
She had a mechanic to fix her car. She had her car fixed by a mechanic

S + get (chia) + somebody + to + v + something. S + have/get (chia) + something + V3/ed + by

+ somebody.
She got me to do her homework. She got her homework done by me.

d) Câu thể hiện tính chất bị động với Need + V-ing

- Để diễn tả một đối tượng nào đó cần được một hành động nào tác động lên, ta có thể dùng cấu
trúc:
S + need (chia) + Ving
Vd: This table needs cleaning.

e) Câu bị động với các động từ chỉ giác quan

Trường hợp Chủ động Bị động

Ai đó chỉ chứng kiến/ nghe/... S + V + O + Ving
được một phần hành động của
người khác.
Yesterday, Josh heard Mary Yesterday, Mary was
singing.
Ai đó chỉ chứng kiến/ nghe/... S + V1 + O + V2 (bare) +...
được toàn bộ hành động của
người khác.
Yesterday, Josh heard Mary
sing.
 Bài tập

A. Chuyển các câu chủ động bên dưới sang thể bị động
1. Yesterday, a strange sound woke me up in the middle of the night.

2. Her children respect her.

3. That family have used that car for more than 15 years.

4. They had eaten all the food before we arrived at the party.

5. By the time we get to the store, other customers will have bought all of the clothes.

6. They are cutting down the apple tree in front of our house.

7. This morning, when I came, he was baking a delicious cake.

8. I think our boss will choose that hard-working employee for that position.

9. Our children have been watching that TV series since 7 pm.

10. I think that when we get to the meeting, the bosses will be asking our team a lot of questions.

11. By the time we got home, our children had been using the air conditioner for hours.

12. They will have been driving that expensive car for years when we buy it.

Đáp án
1. Yesterday, I was woken up by a strange sound in the middle of the night.

2. She is respected by her children.

3. That car has been used by that family for more than 15 years.

4. All the food had been eaten before we arrived at the party.

5. By the time we get to the store, all of the clothes will have been bought by other customers.

6. The apple tree in front of our house is being cut down.

7. This morning, when I came, a delicious cake was being baked by him.

8. I think that hard-working employee will be chosen for that position by our boss.

9. That TV series has been being watched by our children since 7 pm.

10. I think that when we get to the meeting, our team will be being asked a lot of questions by the bosses.

11. By the time we got home, the air conditioner had been being used by our children for hours.
12. That expensive car will have been being driven for years when we buy it.

B. Bài tập câu bị động dạng đặt biệt: Chuyển các câu chủ động bên dưới sang thể bị động

1. You really need to cut your long hair.

2. Last night, that family saw a stranger trying to steal your motorbike.

3. People said that a poor man in our district had won a lottery.

4. This morning, I got a professional mechanic to fix my car.

5. We really need to wash this dirty and dusty armchair.

6. They believe that Sophie’s family is very rich.

7. Yesterday, when they were walking pass that room, they heard someone singing inside.

8. This afternoon, one of my employees witnessed a stranger sneak into our office.

9. I will have my father take care of my plants when I’m on my business trip.

10. 2 days ago, her parents bought her a laptop.

Tham khảo bảng động từ bất quy tắc để chia động từ một cách chuẩn sát nhất

Đáp án
1. Your long hair really needs cutting.

2. Last night, a stranger was seen trying to steal your motorbike by that family.

3. A poor man in our district was said to have won a lottery.

4. This morning, I got my car fixed by a professional mechanic.

5. This dirty and dusty armchair really needs washing.

6. Sophie’s family is believed to be very rich.

7. Yesterday, when they were walking pass that room, someone was heard singing inside by them.

8. This afternoon, a stranger was witnessed to sneak into our office.

9. I will have my plants taken care of by my father when I’m on my business trip.

10. 2 days ago, she was bought a laptop by her parents.