Unit - 6

Introduction of Drawing
6. Introduction of Drawing:
Drawing is the art language for representing the feelings and thoughts of an artist.
6.1 Types of Drawing
a) Illustration Drawings
b) Life Drawings
c) Emotive Drawings
d) Analytic Drawings
e) Perspective Drawings
f) Diagrammatic Drawings
g) Engineering Drawing
a) Illustration Drawings:
A type of drawing created to show the basic features of an object.
b) Life Drawings:
Life drawing is created based on direct or real observation.
c) Emotive Drawings:
Emotive drawing is used to show the expression of different emotions, feelings, and
moods.
d) Analytic Drawings:
Analytic drawings is used to show the clear understanding and representation of an
artist.
e) Perspective Drawings:
Perspective drawing is used to create three-dimensional images on a two-
dimensional plane, such as paper.
f) Diagrammatic Drawings:
Diagrammatic drawing is a simplified visual representation used to convey
information or ideas, often employing symbols, shapes, and labels to illustrate concepts or
processes.
g) Engineering Drawing:
The art of representation of an object by systematic line on paper is known as
Engineering Drawing.
6.2. Engineering Drawing as Universal Language of Engineering Technical Persons
Engineering drawing is a graphical language of engineers which is two-dimensional
representation of three-dimensional objects. In general, it provides necessary information
about the shape, size etc.
6.3 Introduction of Drawing Materials
The materials which are required to make drawings of anything called drawing
materials. Drawing materials are listed below:-
a) Drawing Sheets
b) Base Paper
c) Drawing Board
d) Drawing pins, clips, or adhesive tapes
a) Drawing Sheets:
Drawing sheet is a white paper on which an object is drawn which is available in
various sizes. The selected paper should be smooth, tough and strong.
The various paper and its size are as follows:
Drawing Sheet Type Dimensions (Length × Width) (mm)
A0 841 × 1189
A1 594 × 841
A2 420 × 594
A3 297 × 420
A4 210 × 297
A5 148 × 210
b) Base Paper:
Base paper is thin paper used to support the drawing sheet. Base paper supports
drawing sheet by providing smooth movement of tip of pencil. The size of base paper is
equal to or slightly greater than drawing sheets.
c) Drawing Board:
Drawing board is flat, rectangular in shape and is made of strips of soft wood. It is
cleated at the back by two battens to prevent warping.
The size of the drawing board are as follows:
Types of Drawing Board Length × Width × Thickness (mm)
B0 1500 × 1000 × 25
B1 1000 × 700 × 25
 B2 700 × 500 × 15
B3 500 × 350 × 15
Student is supposed to use B2 drawing board.
d) Drawing pins, clips, or adhesive tapes
Drawing pins, clips, or adhesive tapes is mainly used to fix drawing paper on
drawing board in its position while doing drawings.
6.3 Introduction of Drawing Tools
Drawing instruments are used to prepare drawings easily and accurately.
The list of minimum drawing tools which every student must possess:
a) T-Scale
b) Set-squares
c) Scales
d) Protractor
e) French curves
f) Eraser
g) Sharpener
h) Drawing pencils
i) Tracing Papers
a) T-Scale
A T-Scale is made up of hard wood, plastic or celluloid. It has two parts named stock
and blade. The T-Scale is used for drawing horizontal lines.
The sizes of T-Scale are as follows:
Designation Length of working edge (mm)
T0 1500±10
T1 1000±10
T2 700±5
T3 500±5
b) Set-squares:
The Set-squares are made up of transparent celluloid or plastic. Set squares are
triangular in shape used to draw inclined, horizontal, vertical, parallel and perpendicular
lines in plane. Two forms of set squares are in general use. One is 300 – 600 and another
one is 450 – 450.
c) Scales:
The scale is made up of wood, steel or plastic. It is used to make drawings of the
objects by proportioning to the desired size.
d) Protractor:
The protractor is made of transparent celluloid or plastic. They are flat and semi-
circular in shape. The protractor measures angles from 00 to 1800.
e) French Curves:
French curves are made of wood, plastic or celluloid. It is used for drawing curves
which cannot be drawn with a compass.
f) Eraser:
Eraser is made up of rubber material in different quality. It is used for the erasing of
the defective portion of drawing completely.
g) Sharpener:
Sharpener is used for the sharpening of the pencil lead by removing the wooden part
in conical shape.
h) Drawing pencils
Pencil are used to draw the lines, curves, figures etc. during drawing operations. The
hardness or boldness of the lead is indicated by 3H, 2H, HB, B, 2B, 3B etc. The grade HB
denotes medium hardness of lead used for general purpose. The boldness is increased as
the value of number before the letter B increases, and the hardness or sharpness is increased
as the value of number before the letter H increases.
i) Tracing Paper
The transparent paper which is used to copy the drawing drawn in the drawing sheet
is called tracing paper. It is used to copy the already drawn drawings.