BUTONDO SECONDARY SCHOOL

GEOGRAPHY FIELD PROJECT

EXAMINATION YEAR 2024
TITLE
The impact of human activities on the environment (forest) a case study of
mufulira
NAME……………………………………RAYMOND MUKUMA

EXAM NUMBER……………………….190010450033

GRADE AND CLASS…………………….12D

SCHOOOOL………………………………….BUTONDO SECONDARY

SCHOOOL CODE…………………………..5005

TEACHER……………………………………….MRS MALAMBO
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to give thanks To the following people

My parents my friends Such as john Chanda, Mary Mesa Josephine Chola and
all those who have been rendering help for me to complete this project
 DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to my family members, my friends
And My Teacher For the tireless support and prayers
which made me to accomplish this work successfully

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………ii

DEDICATION………………………………………………………………………………….iii
CHARPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY………………………………………………………1

LOCATION OF THE STUDY AREA……………………………………………………2

AIMS OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………………………..3

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY…………………………………………………………..3

RESEACH QUESTIONS……………………………………………………………………3

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………….……………………………………….4

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………………………….5

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION…………………………………………………………………….6

CHAPTER FIVE

DATA ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………………8

CHAPTER SIX

CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………….12

RECOMMENDATION……………………………………………………………………12

CHAPTER SEVEN

EVALUATION………………………………………………………………………………..13

LIMITATIONS…………………………………………………………………………………13

REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………………………….14

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS…………………………………………………………………15

Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
The impact of Human activities on the environment started a long time ago it started in order people can
benefit from the forest. But after some years people continued using the forest and as a result it led to
deforestation and to land degradation which makes it difficult for animals and humans to live in the
environment without plants and trees

Location of the study

MUFURILA TOWN IS A DISTRICT OF ZAMBIA, LOCATED ON THE COPPER BELT PROVINCE.
THE TOWN OF MUFULIRA SITS AT AN AVERAGE ELEVATION OF 1,273M ABOVE SEA
LEVEL.MUFULIRA IS LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 19 KILOMETRES SOUTHWEST OF THE
TOWN OF MOKAMBO AN ITNTERNATIONAL BORDER TOWM FOUND IN THE DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO .A TARMAC HIGHWAY TO THE SOUTH WEST THE 4M ROAD
CONNECTS MUFULIRA TO KITWE,43 KILOMETRES AWAY .

Aim of the study

TO DETERMIN THE ENVIROMEMTAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
ON THE LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN MUFULIRA DISTRICT OF ZAMBIA ON
THE COPPER BELT PROVINCE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 TO IDENTIFY AND DOCUMENT HUMAN ACTIVITIES AFFECTING
THE LOCAL ENVIROMENT
 ANALYSE THE SPECIFIC IMPACT OF THESE ACTIVITIES ON THE
ECOSYSTEM
 EVALUATE THE LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES OF THESE IMPACT
 PROPOSE PRACTICAL SOLUTION TO REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL
DAMAGE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 TO IDENTIFY AND DOCUMENT HUMAN ACTIVITIES AFFECTING THE
LOCAL ENVIROMENT

 ANALYSE THE SPECIFIC IMPACT OF THESE ACTIVITIES ON THE

ECOSYSTEM

 EVALUATE THE LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES OF THESE IMPACT

 PROPOSE PRACTICAL SOLUTION TO REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL

DAMAGE

RESEARCH QUESTIONS
 PROPOSE PRACTICAL SOLUTION TO REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL DAMAGE

RESEARCH QUESTION
 WHAT IS THE CURRENT RATE OF DEFORESTATION IN THE STUDY
AREA
 HOW HAS THE EXTENT OF FOREST COVER CHANGED OVER PAST
DECADES
 WHAT ARE THE KEY SPECIES MOST AFFECTED BY FOREST LOSS

CHAPTER FOUR
LETERATURE REVIEW
FOREST ECOSYSTEM PROVIDSNUMEROUS ECOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC
BENEFITS, BUT ARE FACING UNPRECEDENTED THREATS FROM HUMAN ACTIVITIES.

DEFORESTATION AND LAND USE CHANGES STUDIES HAVE CONSISTENTLY SHOWN THAT
DEFORESTATION ANDLAND USE CHANGES ARE SIGNIFICANT DRIVERS OF FOREST
DEGRADATION AND LOSS .AGRICU’TURE’EXPANSION ,URBANIZATION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ARE LEADING TO WIDE SPREAD FOREST CLEARANCE
AND FRAGMENTATIO

LOGGING AND TIMBER EXTRACTION :SELECTIVE LOGGING AND TIMBER EXTRACTION

CAN ALTER FOREST STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION LEADING TO CHANGES IN
BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES.ILLEGAL LOGGING AND ASSOCIATED
ACTIVITIES ALSO CONTRIBUTE TOFOREST DEGRADATION AND LOSs

URBANIZATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT :URBANIZATION AND

INFRAASTRUCTURE CAN LEAD TO FOREST FRAGMENTATION,HABIT LOSS, AND
INCREASED HUMAN WILDLIFE CONFLICT

THE ABOVE REASONS CANNOT BE GENERATED TO THE ZAMBIAN SITUATION HENCE THE
RESEARCH WAS UNDERTAKEN TO LOCALISE IT AND TRY TO COME UP WITH SOME
MITIGATION MEASURES TO REDUCE THE EFFECTSC OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE
ENVIROMENT

Chapter three
Research methodology
THE RESEARCH EMPLOYED BOTH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND RESEARCH
METHOD. THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS THAT WERE USED IN THE
COLLECTION OF DATA WERE INTERVIEWS SCHEDULES ALONGSIDE WITH
OBSERVATION

SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
A RANDOM SAMPLING TECHNIQUE WAS USED TO CHOOSE THE PEOPLE TO
BE INTERVIEWED IN THIS PROJECT REPORT. THE STUDY SITE WAS
OBSERVED AND INTERVIEWS CONDACTED TO TARGETED RESPONDENTS IN
THE AEA UNDER STUDY

DATA COLLECTION
SECONDARY RESOURCES FROM TEXT BOOK AND PRIMARY DATA
SOURCE WERE USED IN THE COLLECTION OF DATA. THE RESEACHER
ALSO VISITED THE AREA UNDER STUDY TO COLLECT DATA USING
INTERVIEWS GUIDS AS WELL AS THROUGH OBSERVATION ON THE
AREA UNDER STUDY.
INSTRUMENTATION

THE STUDY UTILISED A NUMBER OF INSTRUMENTS WHICH INCLUDE

THE SMART PHONE, INTERVIEWS, QUESTION GUIDE, OBSERVATION
SHEETS ,PENS AND NOT BOOKS.THE PEN, PENCIL AND NOT BOOKS
WERE USED IN WRITING DOWN DATA AND SKETCHING OF THE
TOWNSHIP. SSMART PHONES WERE USED IN TAKING PHOTOS
SHOWING CAMPUS DIRECTION AND USED FOR TIME CHECKING

DATA ANALYSIS

MUCH OF THE DATA COLLECTED WAS QUALITATIVE AND

QUANTITATIVE AND THUS IT WAS FIRST SUMMARISED AND SORTED
THE ANALYSED USING PIE CHART , TABLES AND BAR GRAPH.