Structure and Behavior of Matter Study Guide

1. What are these substances with the same atomic number but different numbers
of neutrons called?

2. What does the term atomos mean?

3. One part of Dalton’s atomic theory still holds true today. Use Carbon monoxide
(CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ) to explain the part of the theory that is correct.
2

4. Briefly explain the gold foil experiment and what model it disproved.

5. Draw a plum pudding model of Boron.

6. What are the four fundamental forces of nature? Which one has the greatest
effect on the nucleus? Which one has the smallest effect on the atom overall?

7. What does the term diatomic mean? Give an example of a diatomic element.
8. Identify what is wrong with the Bohr model of Boron 11.

9. Identify what is wrong with the Bohr model of Fluorine 19.

10. Use the square to answer the following questions about the element.

a. What is the atomic number?

b. What is the average atomic mass?

c. What is the name and symbol of the element?

Fill in the chart(s)

Name of Mass of Location of Charge on Symbol of

particle particle particle particle particle

nucleus

neutral (none)

1/2000 AMU

Name of Atomic Mass Number of Number Number Symbol

Element Number Number Protons of of
Neutrons Electrons

Calcium 20 20

6 14

15 P-32

Draw a Bohr model of a Lithium atom. Make sure to show the number, charge, and
correct location for all subatomic particles.
Draw a model of the nucleus of a Nitrogen 14 AND a Nitrogen 15 atom. How are these
two models different from each other? Which one do you think would be unstable and
why?