Saaransh June 2024

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“Saaransh”: Monthly Current Affairs
INDEX
 DEFENCE…………………..………………03  Artificial Intelligence Preparedness Index (AIPI)
 Defence Exercises  Energy Transition Index
 Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX)  Mongla Port
 INS Sunayna  POLITY……………………………………..16
 Kalibr Missile  Interim Bail
 TAPAS UAV  Death sentence
 Nagastra  Pro-tem Speaker
 Stryker armoured infantry combat vehicles  GEOGRAPHY & ENVIRONMENT……..17
(ICVs)  Nagarahole Tiger Reserve
 Javelin Anti-Tank Missile  Barda Wildlife Sanctuary
 Iris-T Missile  Suhelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS)
 Minuteman III  Hoolock Gibbon
 Air LORA  Iberian Lynx
 Fire Dragon 480  Mainland Serow
 Iskander-M  Rhisotope Project
 Liquid Improvised Explosive Device  Sunkoshi River
 Divya Drishti AI tool  Mount Kanlaon
 Sangyaan App  UNESCO State of Ocean Report
 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY……………08  Cold Lava
 Rabies  Cascadia Subduction Zone
 Chang'e-6  High Seas Treaty
 Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)  Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen
 Parengyodontium album Transition (SIGHT)
 PraVaHa Software  Crete Island
 Large Action Models (LAMs)  Lipulekh Pass
 Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS)  Mitigation Work Programme (MWP)
 Matsyayaan 6000  South China Sea
 Aedes albopictus mosquito  Delos Island
 National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage  Seine River
(NIIMH)  Namaqualand
 GSAT 20 Satellite  Gardi Sugdub Island
 ECONOMY………………………………….11  State of Global Air (SoGA) Report 2024
 India‘s External Debt  India‘s First Biosphere in a Tiger Reserve
 Central Electronics Limited (CEL)  Ramsar List
 Preston Curve  SCHEMES………………………………….23
 Zombie Company  National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement
 Arun-III Hydro Power Project Scheme (NFIES)
 Chenab Rail Bridge  Digital Health Incentive Scheme (DHIS)
 RBI MPC Meeting 2024  ULLAS-Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram
 Pump and Dump Scheme in the Stock Market  GREAT Scheme
 Priority Sector Lending (PSL)  Krishi Sakhi Convergence Programme
 e-Samridhi Portal  AWARDS AND APPOINTMENTS……..25
 Container Port Performance Index (CPPI) 2023  UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN)
 Gender Gap Report 2024  Kavli Prize
 Child Nutrition Report 2024  World Craft City
 SDG 7: Energy Progress Report 2024  Awards
 Sustainable Development Report 2024  Appointments
 Vadhavan Port  SPORTS…………………………………….27
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 INTERNATIONAL………………………...28
 KAZA Summit
 United Nations Global Supply Chain Forum
 Colombo Process
 USA-India iCET
 Biopharmaceutical Alliance
 International Sugar Organisation
 WTO‘s SPS Agreement
 New Caledonia
 One Liners
 MISCELLANEOUS………………………..31
 Days & Themes
 urana Qila
 Pampa Lake
 Onge Tribe
 Ambubachi Mela
 One Liners
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DEFENCE
Defence Exercises INS Sunayna
 JIMEX Exercise-24- India and Japan-  INS Sunayna entered Port Victoria,
Naval Exercise Seychelles on 15 Jun 24 in the company
 Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) Exercise: of Seychelles Coast Guard Ship (SCGS)
world‘s largest international maritime Zoroaster and aims to strengthening the
exercise, being held in Hawaii. It is led camaraderie and mutual cooperation
by the US Navy, approx. 29 countries are between Indian Navy and Seychelles
participating. Coast Guard in line with the vision of
 Exercise HOPEX - Indian Air Force and SAGAR (Security & Growth for All in the
Egyptian Air Force Region).
 Exercise Red Flag- Participation of the  It is a Saryu class Offshore Patrol
Indian Air Force along with Republic of Vessel which was commissioned at
Singapore Air Force (RSAF), Royal Air Kochi.
Force (RAF) of the United Kingdom,  It is based under Southern Naval
Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF), Command and is built at Goa Shipyard
German Luftwaffe, and the US Air Force Limited.
(USAF).
 Exercise Tarang Shakti- Airforces of
Australia, France, Germany, Japan,
Spain, the United Arab Emirates, the
United Kingdom, and the United States.
Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX)
 It is the flagship initiative of the Union Kalibr Missile

Ministry of Defence.
 The Russian Black Sea Fleet (BSF)
 It aims to achieve self-reliance and
recently attacked Ukrainian
foster innovation and infrastructure, using its sea-launched
technology development in Defence Kalibr cruise missiles.
and Aerospaceby engaging
 It is a family of Russian cruise
Industries including MSMEs, start-ups,
missiles that can be launched from
individual innovators, R&D institutes
ships, submarines, containers,
and academia.
airplanes, or transport erector
 It has partnered with leading incubators
launchers.
in the country to provide handholding,
 It has variants designed for anti-ship,
technical support and guidance to the anti-submarine and land attack
winners of iDEX challenges. purposes.
 Recently, the 350th contract under the
Innovations for Defence Excellence TAPAS UAV
(iDEX) was signed with SpacePixxel
 The Tactical Airborne Platform for Aerial
Technologies Pvt Ltd for miniaturised
Surveillance Beyond Horizon-201, or
satellite.
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Tapas BH-201, is a medium-altitude,
long-endurance (MALE) drone.
 It was previously referred to as
Rustom-II.
 It was developed indigenously by the
Aeronautical Development
Establishment (ADE) of Defence
Research and Development Organisation
(DRDO).
 Designed to fulfil the Intelligence,
Surveillance, Target Acquisition, Stryker armoured infantry combat vehicles
Tracking & Reconnaissance (ICVs)
(ISTAR) requirements of the tri-services,
the Tapas UAV can effectively operate  India and the United States are in
both day and night. advanced talks for the joint
manufacture of the latest generation of
Stryker armoured infantry combat
vehicles (ICVs).
 The Stryker is a family of eight-wheel-
drive combat armoured infantry combat
vehicles (ICVs).
 It is jointly developed by General
Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS)
Canada and the General Dynamics Land
Systems Division in the United States.
 It was the first new military
vehicle inducted into US Army service
since the Abrams tank in the 1980s.
Nagastra
The army has got its first indigenous man-

portable suicide drones that are designed to
target enemy training camps, launch pads and
infiltrators with precision, without endangering
the lives of soldiers.
The Indian army has integrated the Nagastra

1 loitering munition, designed by Economic
Explosives Limited (EEL), as its first
indigenous man-portable suicide drone.
Javelin Anti-Tank Missile
 India and the US recently held
discussions on the co-production of
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American javelin missiles in India to
meet the requirements of the Indian
military.
 It is a man-portable antitank guided
missile (ATGM) system.
 It is developed and produced jointly by
American defence majors Raytheon and
Lockheed Martin.
 It was designed to defeat heavily armored
vehicles, such as main battle tanks and
lighter-skinned military vehicles.
Minuteman III
 The US recently conducted an unarmed
Minuteman III intercontinental
ballistic missile test from the
Californian Vandenberg Space Force
Base.
 The LGM-30G Minuteman III is a solid-
fueled, intercontinental ballistic missile
Iris-T Missile (ICBM), which the United States Air
 According to a recent report, the Force (USAF) first deployed in the 1960s.
Bundeswehr, Germany‟s armed forces,  It is the sole land-based component
lost an Iris-T missile, sparking serious of the S. nuclear triad.
concerns about the crucial technology  It was designed and manufactured by
being compromised. the Boeing Corporation.
 It is a next-generation short-range air-
to-air missile.
 The IRIS-T is a six-nation
program under German lead, with Diehl
BGT Defence (a German defense
company) acting as industrial prime
contractor.
 The IRIS-T programme sees Germany,
Greece, Norway, Italy, Spain and
Sweden unite to provide access to
technology and expertise. Diehl Defence
is the main contractor.
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Air LORA
 Israel Aerospace Industries unveiled a

new air-launched variant of its Lora
ballistic missile recently.
 It is an air-launched variant of the Long-
Range Artillery (LORA) ballistic missile.
 It is designed and developed by Israel
Aerospace Industries (IAI).
Iskander-M
 Russia claimed to have targeted the
Ukrainian military airbase in Mirgorod
using the nuclear-capable Iskander-M
missile system.
 The Iskander (Western reporting name:
Fire Dragon 480
SS-26 Stone) is a road-mobile short-
 A new study by the People‘s Liberation range ballistic missile system developed
Army (PLA) has claimed that China‘s by Russia.
tactical ballistic missile, the Fire
Dragon 480, possesses the capability to
sink a US Ticonderoga-class cruiser
patrolling the Red Sea.
 It is a long-range rocket produced by
China‘s Norinco Group for export
purposes.
 It is a 750-mm tactical ballistic
missile that is equipped with precision-
guidance sensors, which enable it to
strike moving targets with a high degree
of accuracy.
 The missile can be launched from a
high-speed, wheeled platform capable of Liquid Improvised Explosive Device
withstanding harsh environments.
 Its warhead surpasses the 400 kg mark,  Liquid explosives seem to have made a
significantly outweighing that of a comeback in Jammu and Kashmir
conventional anti-ship missile. militancy theatre after 17 years as a
recent raid by police in the Union
territory led to the recovery of such
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"difficult-to-detect (d2d)" Improvised Sangyaan App
Explosive Devices.
 Recently, the Director General of Railway
 Forensic examination indicated that it
Protection Force (RPF) launched the
could be trinitrotoluene (TNT) or
mobile application-Sangyaan App.
nitroglycerine, generally used in
 It is designed and developed by the tech
dynamites.
team of RPF.
 It is a practical tool for anyone seeking to
stay informed about the latest legal
developments in India.
 It aims to educate and empower RPF
Personnel by providing comprehensive
information to understand the
provisions of both new and old
criminal laws, while highlighting the
relevance of these new acts in the
context of RPF operations.
Divya Drishti AI tool  It will provide in-depth information on
three new Criminal Acts: the Bharatiya
 A Woman-led Start-up Developed ‗Divya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, the
Drishti‘, a cutting-edge AI Tool for Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
Personal Identification, under a (BNSS) 2023, and the Bharatiya Sakshya
Technology Development Fund. Adhiniyam (BSA) 2023.
 The AI tool ―Divya Drishti‖ integrates
face recognition with immutable
physiological parameters such as gait
and skeleton.
 It was developed by Ingenious Research
Solutions Pvt Ltd., a start-up established
by a woman entrepreneur, Shivani
Verma.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Rabies
 The government of Jammu and Kashmir
recently declared human rabies a
notifiable disease under the Epidemic
Diseases Act of 1897.
 Rabies is a vaccine-
preventable, zoonotic, viral disease
caused by the RABV virus.
Parengyodontium album
 It primarily affects the central nervous
system, leading to severe brain disease  It is a marine fungus that can break
and death if medical care is not received down plastic polyethene (PE), the most
before symptoms start. common plastic in the ocean.
 It was discovered by Marine
Chang'e-6
microbiologists from the Royal
 China's space agency said that China Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
landed an uncrewed spacecraft on the (NIOZ).
far side of the moon on 2nd of June.  In this bioremediation process, the PE-
 The Chang'e-6 craft successfully landed derived carbon is converted into the
in the South Pole-Aitken Basin on the fungal biomass of album, serving as its
back of the moon. energy source.
 It is the first human sampling and
PraVaHa Software
return mission from the far side of the
moon.  The Indian Space Research Organisation
 It was launched by a Chinese Long (ISRO) recently developed Computational
March-5 rocket. Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software named
PraVaHa.
Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
 Parallel RANS Solver for Aerospace
 Recently, ICAR has commercialised Vehicle Aero-thermo-dynamic
herbicide-tolerant (Ht) basmati rice Analysis (PraVaHa) is a Computational
varieties that can control weeds. Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software
 It is a modern rice cultivation technique developed in ISRO‘s Vikram Sarabhai
where rice seeds are directly sown into Space Centre (VSSC).
the field, replacing the traditional  It can simulate external and internal
method of transplanting seedlings from a flows on launch vehicles, winged and
nursery. non-winged re-entry vehicles.
 It is an efficient, and sustainable
Large Action Models (LAMs)
method of rice cultivation that offers
significant benefits for farmers, the  Enterprises globally are adopting Large
environment, and the economy. Action Models (LAMs) that understand
complex goals communicated with
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natural language and they follow up with down the production and consumption
autonomous actions to achieve them. of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) worldwide.
 LAMs are designed to understand and  HFCs are widely used alternatives to
execute complex tasks, based on what ODS such as hydro chlorofluorocarbons
users want. (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs),
 Unlike large language models (LLMs), a already controlled under the Protocol.
LAM combines language
Matsyayaan 6000
understanding with logic and
reasoning to execute various tasks.  India set to be the 6th country to have
 LAMs learn from massive datasets of its own Deep Sea Mission; 1st Stage of
user action information and use this harbor trail (40-50m) deep of deep sea
data for strategic planning and proactive mission planned by September 2024;
action in real-time. The Mission has the potential to
contribute greatly to the overall growth of
Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS)
Indian economy
 A new study released June 11, 2024, has  The Matsya 6000 is a three-person
reported the first significant decrease in submersible that will be able to go 6,000
atmospheric concentrations of potent metres under the sea. The vessel is being
ozone-depleting substances (ODS) developed by Chennai's National
known as hydrochlorofluorocarbons Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT).
(HCFCs).  Structure: Made of 80mm-thick
 Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS) are titanium alloy, it will be able to
chemicals that cause the depletion of the withstand a pressure 600 times greater
stratospheric ozone layer. than that at sea level. The Matsya 6000
 This layer is crucial for protecting life on will be able to operate from 12 to 16
Earth by absorbing the majority of the hours straight and will have an oxygen
sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. supply of 96 hours.
 The most common ODS
include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Halo
ns, Carbon Tetrachloride and Methyl
Chloroform.
 ODS are substances commonly used
in refrigerators, air conditioners, fire
extinguishers and aerosols.
 The Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987, is
a global agreement to protect
the stratospheric ozone layer by
eliminating the production and
consumption of ODSs like
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
 In 2016, Parties to the Montreal Protocol Aedes albopictus mosquito
adopted the Kigali Amendment to phase Warmer conditions are helping the Aedes
albopictus mosquito, which transmits dengue,
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chikungunya and Zika viruses thrive, said the  The NIIMH, formerly known as the
EU health agency. National Center of Indian Medical
Heritage (NCIMH), provides resource
materials for historians, scientists and
other workers who are interested in
studying and documenting the historical
aspects of Ayurveda, Yoga &
Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha,
Homoeopathy, and Sowa Rigpa (AYUSH),
along with Modern Medicine.
GSAT 20 Satellite
In a first, Indian Space Research Organisation

(ISRO) will launch its latest large satellite,
GSAT 20, on SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket.
National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage

(NIIMH)
 The World Health Organization (WHO)
has designated the National Institute of
Indian Medical Heritage as WHO-
Collaborating Centre (CC) for
"Fundamental and Literary Research
in Traditional Medicine".
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ECONOMY
India‟s External Debt Central Electronics Limited (CEL)
 India's external debt was placed at  Central Electronics Limited (CEL) was
$663.8 billion, an increase of US$ recently granted “Mini Ratna” status
39.7 billion over its level at end-March (Category-1) at its Golden Jubilee
2023, informed the Reserve Bank of celebration.
India.  It is a Govt. of India Enterprise under
 At end-March 2024, India‘s external the Department of Scientific and
debt was US$ 663.8 billion, an Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of
increase of US$ 39.7 billion over its Science and Technology.
level at end-March 2023.  It was established in 1974, with the
 The external debt-to-GDP ratio declined objective to commercially exploit
to 18.7 percent end-March 2024 from indigenous technologies developed by
19.0 percent at end-March 2023. National Laboratories and R&D
 At end-March 2024, long-term Institutions in the country.
debt (with an original maturity of above
Preston Curve
one year) was placed at US$ 541.2
billion, recording an increase of US$  It is a graphical representation that
45.6 billion over its level at end-March shows the relationship between a
2023. country's per capita income (usually
 The share of short-term debt (with an measured as GDP per capita) and its
original maturity of up to one year) in average life expectancy.
total external debt declined to 18.5  It was first proposed by American
percent at end-March 2024 from 20.6 sociologist Samuel H. Preston.
per cent at end-March 2023.  Preston found that people living in richer
 Similarly, the ratio of short-term countries generally had longer life
debt (original maturity) to foreign spans when compared with people living
exchange reserves declined to 19.0 in poorer countries.
percent at end-March 2024 (22.2 per  This is likely because people in
cent at end-March 2023). wealthier countries have better access
 US dollar-denominated debt remained to healthcare, are better educated,
the largest component of India‟s live in cleaner surroundings,
external debt, with a share of 53.8 enjoy better nutrition etc.
percent at end-March 2024, followed by
debt denominated in the Indian Zombie Company
rupee (31.5 percent), yen (5.8  An Associated Press analysis found the
percent), SDR (5.4 percent) and euro (2.8 number of publicly-traded ―zombie‖
percent). companies has soared to nearly 7,000
around the world, including 2,000 in the
United States.
 It is a corporate entity with very
limited cash flows, only sufficient to
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pay the interest on the debt borrowed RBI MPC Meeting 2024
but not the principal amount of the loan.
Members:
 The revenue generated by the business
operations only covers the fixed routine  Shaktikanta Das: RBI Governor and
and operating costs (wages, rent, interest Chairman of the MPC
payments on debt, for example).  Ashima Goyal: Professor, Indira Gandhi
 These companies, often referred to as the Institute of Development Research
"living dead" or "zombie stocks," have no  Shibani Ghosh: Economist, National
excess capital to invest in growth, Council of Applied Economic Research
innovation, or significant improvements.  Jayanth R. Varma: Former Secretary,
 They are highly dependent on banks Department of Economic Affairs
for financing.  Sudhir Sharma: Professor, Indian
Institute of Management, Ahmedabad
Arun-III Hydro Power Project
 Pami Dua: Professor, Delhi School of
 It is a 900 MW run-of-the- Economics
river hydropower project being
Highlights
constructed on the Arun River in
Sankhuwasabha District of Repo Rate 6.5%
Eastern NEPAL. Standing Deposit 6.25%
 Arun is a tributary of the Koshi Facility
River in Nepal. Marginal Standing 6.75%
 The output from the power plant will Facility
be transferred to Muzaffarpur in GDP Growth Rate 7.2%
India through a 317 km-long 400 kV Inflation Rate 4.5%
double circuit transmission line. Reverse Repo Rate 3.35%
Pump and Dump Scheme in the Stock
Chenab Rail Bridge Market
 The Indian Railway conducted a  The Securities Exchange Board of
successful trial run on the newly- India‟s (SEBI) recently slapped a fine of
constructed world's highest railway Rs 7.75 crore on 11 individuals for
bridge, Chenab Rail Bridge, in Jammu allegedly operating a ‗pump and dump‘
and Kashmir. scheme.
 It is located between Bakkal and Kauri  In the stock market, a pump and dump
in the Reasi district of Jammu and scheme is a type of manipulation activity
Kashmir (J&K). that involves artificially inflating the
 The 1.3-km-long bridge is located 359 price of a stock through false and
metres above the Chenab riverbed. misleading information, only to sell the
 It is the highest single-arch railway stock at the inflated price and leave
bridge in the world. investors with significant losses.
 It is built to be „blast-proof‟ and is
capable of withstanding the nation‘s
maximum intensity zone-V earthquake
forces.
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Priority Sector Lending (PSL) portal so that they can avail the facility
of assured procurement.
 The RBI recently revised its priority
sector guidelines to encourage banks to Container Port Performance Index (CPPI)
provide small loans in economically 2023
disadvantaged districts with low average
 It is a highly regarded benchmark that
loan sizes.
assesses the performance of ports on
 The categories of priority sectors are as
parameters such as productivity,
follows:
efficiency, and reliability.
 Agriculture
 It is released by the World Bank and
 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
S&P Global Market Intelligence.
 Export Credit
 It serves as a reference point for key
 Education stakeholders, including national
 Housing governments, port authorities,
 Social Infrastructure development agencies, supra-national
 Renewable Energy organisations, and private operators, in
 Others trade, logistics and supply chain
e-Samridhi Portal services.
 As many as nine ports of India have
 It was launched through National made it to the global top 100 rankings
Agricultural Cooperative Marketing in the latest edition of Container Port
Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED) and Performance Index.
National Cooperative Consumers'  Yangshan port in China and Salalah
Federation of India Limited (NCCF). port in Oman emerged as the top two
 It is for registration of farmers and the ports in the rankings.
government is committed to procure  While Visakhapatnam Port made it to
pulses at Minimum Support Prices the top 20 ports of the world at 19 in
(MSP) for farmers registered on the 2023, Mundra Port also climbed up the
portal. index at 27 in the current ranking.
 Portal registration of farmers can be
Gender Gap Report 2024
done directly or through Primary
Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS)  The Global Gender Gap Report 2024,
and FPO. released by the World Economic
 The payment to the farmers will be made Forum (WEF), highlights the persistent
by NAFED directly into their mapped gender inequality across various sectors
bank account and no agency will be globally
involved in between.  It benchmarks gender-based gaps in four
 Recently, the Union Minister of areas: economic participation and
Agriculture & Farmers‘ Welfare and opportunity; educational attainment;
Rural Development urged the state health and survival and political
governments to encourage more and empowerment.
more farmers to register on e-Samridhi  Top-Ranking Countries: Iceland has
maintained its position as the most
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gender-equal country for the 14th  The report focuses on low and middle-
consecutive year, with a gender gap income countries.
score of 91.2%.  The report also found that children in
 Other Nordic countries, such as both poor and non-poor households face
Norway, Finland, and Sweden, also severe food poverty.
rank high in the top five.  About half (97 million) of the children in
 India ranked 129 in this year‘s index, severe food poverty live in middle- and
scoring marginally lower than the upper-income households.
previous edition.
SDG 7: Energy Progress Report 2024
 This slight regression is mainly the
result of small declines in ‗Educational  The report is produced annually by the
Attainment‘ and ‗Political Empowerment‘, five custodian agencies responsible for
while ‗Economic Participation and tracking progress toward the goal.
Opportunity‘ slightly improved.  The custodian agencies are
 India ranked the third-lowest among the International Energy Agency (IEA),
the South Asian economies, faring the International Renewable Energy
worse than Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Agency (IRENA), the United Nations
Lanka and Bhutan. Statistics Division (UNSD), the World
Bank, and the World Health
Organization (WHO).
 The aim of SDG 7 is to “ensure access
to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and
modern energy for all.”
 The latest report confirms that
the number of people without access to
electricity increased for the first time in
over a decade, as population grew—
mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa—at a
higher rate than that of new electricity
connections, leaving 685 million
people without electricity in 2022, 10
Child Nutrition Report 2024
million more than in 2021.
 One in four children under age 5  The world remains off track to
around the world is experiencing achieve universal access to clean
severe food poverty, according to the cooking by 2030.1 billion people still live
recently released Child Nutrition Report without access to clean cooking fuels
2024. and technologies, largely in Sub-Saharan
 It was released by UNICEF. Africa and Asia.
 This global report examines the status,  Renewable electricity
trends, inequities and drivers of child consumption grew more than 6% year-
food poverty in early childhood, on-year in 2021, bringing the share of
including the impact of global and local renewables in global electricity
food and nutrition crises. consumption to 28.2%.
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 Installed renewable energy-generating  The rating for each country is given
capacity per capita reached a new based on the assessment of readiness in
record in 2022 at 424 watts per capita four key areas - digital
globally. infrastructure, human capital and
labour market policies, innovation and
Sustainable Development Report 2024
economic integration, and regulation
 Theme: The SDGs and the UN Summit and Ethics.
of the Future  The Index has categorised each country
 It reviews progress made each year on into Advanced
the Sustainable Development Goals Economy (AE), Emerging Market
(SDGs) since their adoption by the 193 Economy (EM), and Low-Income
UN Member States in 2015. Country (LIC).
 It is annually published by the  Singapore (0.80), Denmark (0.78), and
Sustainable Development Solutions the United States (0.77) are among the
Network (SDSN). highest-rated AEs,
 India was categorised as an EM with a
Vadhavan Port 0.49 rating. India ranks 72 in a total of
 It is an approved greenfield deep-sea 174 countries, with Bangladesh (0.38) on
port in Vadhavan, Palghar District, 113, Sri Lanka (0.43) on 92, and China
Maharashtra. (0.63) on 31.
 The port will be developed as an all- Energy Transition Index
weather deep draft major port in PPP
model.  India has been ranked 63rd on a global
 The project will be constructed Energy Transition Index released by the
by Vadhavan Port Project Limited World Economic Forum.
(VPPL), a special purpose
Mongla Port
vehicle (SPV) formed by the Jawaharlal
Nehru Port Authority (JNPA) and  India is looking to operate the Mongla
Maharashtra Maritime Board (MMB) with Port in Bangladesh and build a new
a shareholding of 74% and 26%, terminal, aiming to counterbalance
respectively. China's strategic presence in the region.
 The Union Cabinet recently approved the  The Port of Mongla is located in the
Rs 76,220 crore Vadhavan Port project Bagerhat District of Bangladesh. It lies
in Maharashtra after months of 62 km north of the Bay of Bengal
deliberations. coastline.
 It is situated at the confluence of
Artificial Intelligence Preparedness Index
the Pasur River and the Mongla River.
(AIPI)
 The Port is surrounded and protected by
 Recently, the International Monetary the Sundarban mangrove forest.
Fund (IMF) released an Artificial  Mongla is the second largest seaport
Intelligence Preparedness Index (AIPI) in Bangladesh after Chittagong.
Dashboard.
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POLITY
Interim Bail  Rarest of the Rare
Doctrine: Established in the landmark
 Recently the Chief Minister of Delhi
case of Bachan Singh v. State of
appeals for bail extension on medical
Punjab (1980), the Supreme Court of
grounds as the interim period ends on
India held that the death penalty should
1st of June.
only be awarded in the "rarest of the
 An interim bail is a short-term
rare" cases, where the alternative option
temporary relief to individuals
is unquestionably foreclosed.
entangled in legal proceedings before
the hearing for the grant of regular or Pro-tem Speaker
anticipatory bail.
 The President has appointed
 In the Parminder Singh and Ors. v. The
Bhartruhari Mahtab, a seven-term MP
State of Punjab (November 02, 2001)
from Cuttack, as the pro tem Speaker of
case, the Delhi High Court listed certain
the 18th Lok Sabha.
scenarios where interim bail should be
 Pro-tem is a Latin phrase
granted which are as follows:
which translates to 'for the time
 No likelihood of the accused fleeing from
being' in English, and so the pro-tem
justice,
speaker is a temporary speaker
 No chance of tampering with the
appointed for a limited period of time to
evidence,
conduct the work in Lok Sabha or in
 A clear case for custodial interrogation is
state legislatures.
not made out,
 A Pro-tem speaker is chosen for the
 The application for a grant of
conduct of the house when the Lok
anticipatory bail cannot be heard at
Sabha and legislative assemblies have
an early date.
been elected and the vote for the speaker
Death sentence and deputy speaker has not taken place.
 The Constitution does not expressly
 President Murmu has rejected a mercy use the term ‗Pro-tem Speaker‘.
petition filed by Pakistani national  Judicial Review and Confirmation: The
Mohammed Arif who was sentenced to death sentence pronounced by a trial
death for the December 22, 2000 court must be confirmed by the High
terrorist attack at the Red Fort in which Court.
three people including two Army jawans
were killed.
 The court has reaffirmed the “rarest of
rare” standard in several decisions.
 The Report of the 262nd Law
Commission, published in 2015,
recommended the “absolute
abolition” of the death penalty “for all
crimes other than terrorism related
offences and waging war”
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Geography & Environment
Nagarahole Tiger Reserve  It is one of the important places in
the Bhabar-Terai Ecosystem area,which
 An elephant that was part of the historic
is rich in biodiversity.
Mysuru Dasara celebrations died of
 The Tharu tribe, having mongoloid
electrocution near Karnataka‘s
features, have been residents of this area
Nagarahole Tiger Reserve recently.
since long.
 It is contiguous with Wayanad Wildlife
 A mixture of deciduous and semi-
Sanctuary (Kerala) to its south and
evergreen woodlandsdefines the
Bandipur Tiger Reserve to its
sanctuary.
southeastern parts.
 The habitat also forms part of the Nilgiri Hoolock Gibbon
Biosphere Reserve.
 The Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR)
 The Kabini and Taraka reservoirs are
has earmarked funds to construct
large water bodies located towards the
canopy bridges for Hoolock Gibbon,
west and southeastern parts of the
India‘s only ape, to move across a
reserve, respectively.
railway track bifurcating its prime
Barda Wildlife Sanctuary habitat in eastern Assam.
 Eastern Hoolock Gibbon: Vulnerable
 In a significant move that is expected to
 Western Hoolock Gibbon: Endangered
boost the long-term conservation of
 Both are on Schedule I of the Wildlife
Asiatic lions, the Forest Department in
(Protection) Act, 1972.
Gujarat has started translocating
spotted deer and sambars from Gir
Forest to the Barda Wildlife Sanctuary.
 It is located in the state of Gujarat.
 Ethnic races such as Maldharis,
Bharvads, Rabaris, and Gadhvislive in
this region.
 To develop Barda as the second home for
the Asiatic
lion, the state government implemented t
he 'Gir-Barda Project' in 1979.
Suhelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS)
 A new tiger reserve will soon be

established in Uttar Pradesh, following Iberian Lynx
evidence of tiger population in the  The Iberian lynx, one of the rarest cat
Suhelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS). species globally, has moved from being
 The Sohelwa Wildlife Division is situated 'endangered' to 'vulnerable' on The
on the Indo-Nepal International International Union for Conservation of
Border. Nature (IUCN) Red List.
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 IUCN Red list: Vulnerable  The project involves inserting two tiny
 CITES: Appendix II radioactive chips into the horns of 20
rhinos.
 The low-dose radioactive material is
designed to be detectable by radiation
sensors at international borders without
harming the animals or the environment.
 The radioactive material is expected to
last five years on the horn.
Sunkoshi River
 A river cleanup campaign that removed

Mainland Serow 24,575 kg of waste from the Sunkoshi
River banks and waste hotspots was
IUCN: Vulnerable
recently completed under the PLEASE
CITES: Appendix I (Plastic Free Rivers and Seas of South
Asia) program.
 Sunkoshi, also known as the „river of
gold', is a river in Nepal that is part of
the Koshi or Saptakoshi River
system formed by the seven (sapta) rivers
joining in east-central Nepal.
Mount Kanlaon
 Hundreds of people sheltered in
evacuation centres after Mount Kanlaon
volcano erupted in the central
Philippines recently.
 It is a strato volcano located in the
north-central portion of the island
of Negros, Philippines.
 It is one of the active volcanoes in the
Rhisotope Project
Philippines and part of the Pacific Ring of
 Recently, South African scientists Fire.
injected radioactive material into live  The volcano comprises a number
rhinoceros horns under the Rhisotope of pyroclastic cones and craters.
Project to curb poaching.
UNESCO State of Ocean Report
 It was started in 2021 in South Africa.
 It aims to make the rhinoceros horns  The UNESCO ‗State of the Ocean Report‘,
easier to detect at border posts and initiated by the Intergovernmental
render them useless for human Oceanographic Commission (IOC-
consumption. UNESCO) during the 2022 United
Nations Ocean Conference, serves as an
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CapfAcMentors.com
accessible overview of the ocean's Cascadia Subduction Zone
current status.
 It is a major geological feature located off
 It supports the monitoring of the UN
the west coast of North
Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable
America, stretching from northern
Development (2021–2030) and
California to southern British Columbia.
encourages actions towards a
 It is an active convergent
sustainable ocean future.
boundary where the Juan de Fuca
 This report, and its subsequent annual
Plate is subducting beneath the North
editions released on World Oceans Day
American Plate.
(June 8), aligns with the seven outcomes
 This subduction process has significant
of the UN Ocean Decade.
implications for seismic activity in the
 The upper 2,000 meters of the oceans
region.
have experienced significant warming,
with the rate increasing from 0.32 ± 0.03
watt per square meter (W/m²) from 1960
to 2023 to 0.66 ± 0.10 W/m² in the last
two decades.
 Oceans are absorbing about 90% of the
Earth's excess energy, causing increased
deoxygenation and threatening marine
ecosystems and human economies
dependent on them.
Cold Lava
 Mt. Kanlaon Natural Park on Negros
Island, Philippines, witnessed rivers of High Seas Treaty
cold lava following an explosive eruption
 Grethel Aguilar, the director general
recently.
of the International Union for
 It is called ―lahar” in Indonesia. It is a
Conservation of Nature (IUCN), urged
phenomenon that occurs when rain
countries worldwide ―to strive for a fully
mixes with volcanic materials like ash,
sand, and pebbles. functional High Seas Biodiversity Treaty‖
on World Oceans Day 2024.
 It is also known as the agreement
on Biodiversity Beyond National
Jurisdiction (BBNJ). It is a landmark
legally binding treaty adopted by the
United Nations in June 2023.
 The treaty aims to protect and
sustainably use marine biodiversity in
areas beyond national jurisdiction,
which cover nearly two-thirds of the
world's oceans.
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 The high seas are those areas of the  It is located in the southern part of
world‘s oceans that are outside national the Aegean Sea (an arm of the
jurisdictions. Mediterranean Sea).
 So far only 7 countries — Belize, Chile,  It is bordered by the Sea of Cretein
Mauritius, Federated States of the north, the Libyan Sea in the
Micronesia, Monaco, Palau and the south, the Myrtoan Sea in the west,
Seychelles — have ratified the treaty. and the Carpathian Sea in the east.
 India has neither signed nor ratified
Lipulekh Pass
the treaty.
 Indian traders involved in border trade
Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen
with China through the Lipulekh pass
Transition (SIGHT)
have requested the central government
 Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) to take up the issue of resumption of
has issued Request for Selection (RfS) for border trade through this route.
Selection of Green Ammonia Producers  It is a high-altitude mountain
for the production of Green Ammonia in pass located in the Kumaon region of
India through cost based competitive Uttarakhand, near the tri junction of
bidding under Mode 2A of Strategic India, Nepal and China.
Interventions for Green Hydrogen  It links the Indian state of Uttarakhand
Transition (SIGHT) programme. with the Tibet region of China.
 It is a subcomponent of the National  Its elevation and strategic location make
Green Hydrogen Mission (under Ministry it a gateway to the higher reaches of
of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE), the Himalayas.
aimed at bolstering domestic electrolyser
Mitigation Work Programme (MWP)
manufacturing and green hydrogen
production.  The Mitigation Work Programme (MWP)
 Financial commitment: The is a process established by the United
programme has an outlay of ₹ 17,490 Nations Framework Convention on
crore until 2029-30. Climate Change (UNFCCC) to help
 Dual incentive mechanisms: Incentive countries scale up their mitigation
for Electrolyser Manufacturing ambition and implementation to achieve
 The Solar Energy Corporation of India the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Agreement.
(SECI) is responsible for executing the  This meeting was concluded on 13 june
scheme. in Bonn, Germany.
Crete Island South China Sea
 During excavations for an airport on  India recently said it opposes unilateral
Greece‘s largest island of Crete, a large actions seeking to change the status quo
circular monument dating back 4000 by force in South China Sea amid
years was unearthed. concerns over China‘s escalatory moves
 It is the largest island in Greece and against the Philippines‘ maritime
the fifth largest one in the Mediterranean operations in the region.
Sea.
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 It is an arm of the western Pacific Delos Island
Ocean that borders the Southeast Asian
 A remarkable ancient site on the tiny
mainland.
Greek island of Delos is "doomed to
 It is bordered by China, Taiwan,
disappear" within decades due to rising
Philippines, Malaysia,
sea levels and geological processes, an
Indonesia, Brunei, and Vietnam.
expert has said.
 The southern boundary of the South
 It is one of the most important
China Sea is a rise in the seabed
sanctuaries of the ancient Greek and
between Sumatra and Borneo, and
Roman world.
the northern boundary stretches from
 It is a UNESCO world heritage site.
the northernmost point of Taiwan to the
coast of Fujian province, China, in Seine River
the Taiwan Strait.
 It is connected by the Taiwan Strait  Despite a massive cleanup effort, Paris'
with the East China Sea and by the Seine River remains too polluted to
Luzon Strait with the host swimming events for the
Philippine Sea (both marginal seas of upcoming Olympic Games, city officials
the Pacific Ocean). have said recently.
 The South China Sea and the East China  It is France‘s second-longest river after
Sea together form the China Sea. the Loire, covering a distance of 775
 The two major archipelagos are known kilometers.
as the Paracel Islands, controlled by Namaqualand
China, and the Spratly Islands.
 Scientists recently discovered the world‘s
oldest inhabited termite mounds along
the Buffels River in Namaqualand,
dating back 34,000 years.
 It is a desert region of
southwestern Africa.
 From west to east, it stretches from
the Namib Desert to the Kalahari.
 Rain falls mostly in the winter. If there
is enough rain, wildflowers cover
Namaqualand for a few weeks during
springtime.
 There are large deposits of copper in
Namaqualand. The Nama mined them
for hundreds of years.
Gardi Sugdub Island
 Earlier in June, around 300 families

were relocated off the island of Gardi
Sugdub in Panama‘s Guna Yala province
due to concerns over rising sea levels.
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State of Global Air (SoGA) Report 2024
 It is released by the Health Effects

Institute (HEI), an independent U.S.-
based nonprofit research organization, in
partnership with UNICEF.
 Air pollution is having an increasing
impact on human health, becoming the
second leading global risk factor for
death, according to the fifth edition of
the State of Global Air (SoGA) report.
Note- No major key points to remember from

this report.
India‟s First Biosphere in a Tiger Reserve
 Two environmentalists, Jai Dhar Gupta
and Vijay Dhasmana created India‘s first
biosphere in a tiger reserve, called
the Rajaji Raghati Biosphere
(RRB) within the Rajaji National Park
in Uttarakhand.
Ramsar List
 India has added two bird sanctuaries
from Bihar, Nagi and Nakti - to the
„Ramsar Sites‟ list, taking the tally to
82.
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SCHEMES
National Forensic Infrastructure  Eligibility: Health facilities (hospitals,
Enhancement Scheme (NFIES) diagnostic labs), digital solution
companies, and other healthcare
 In a bid to have more scientific
providers are eligible to participate in the
investigations across the country to
scheme.
achieve better conviction rates in
 Incentives are provided based on the
criminal cases, the Union Cabinet
number of digital health records created
recently approved the National Forensic
and linked to Ayushman Bharat Health
Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme
Account (ABHA) numbers of patients.
(NFIES).
 Healthcare institutions and digital
 It is a Central Sector Scheme with a
solution entities can register for the
financial outlay of Rs 2,254.43 crore
scheme through the Health Facility
during the period from 2024-25 to 2028-
Registry (HFR) and ABDM Sandbox,
29.
respectively.
 It aims to enhance forensic
 Transactions that qualify under the
infrastructure in the country.
scheme include creating any ABHA-
Components under this Scheme: linked health record, such as
teleconsultations, lab reports,
 Establishment of campuses prescriptions, etc
of the National Forensic Sciences
University (NFSU) in the country. ULLAS-Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram
 Establishment of Central Forensic
 Recently, Ladakh has become the first
Science Laboratories (CFSLs) in the
administrative unit to achieve full
country.
functional literacy under the ULLAS-Nav
 Enhancement of existing infrastructure
Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram (New
of the Delhi Campus of the NFSU.
India Literacy Program).
Digital Health Incentive Scheme (DHIS)  The Understanding Lifelong Learning for
All in Society (ULLAS) is a centrally
 The Digital Health Incentive Scheme sponsored scheme implemented from
(DHIS) is a national initiative by 2022-2027.
the National Health Authority  The scheme aligns with the
(NHA) aimed at promoting the adoption recommendations of the National
of digital health practices in India. Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
 It was launched on January 1, 2023,  Aim: It aims to empower those adults
under the Ayushman Bharat Digital aged 15 years and above from all
Mission (ABDM) to create a robust digital backgrounds who could not get due
health ecosystem and enhance the schooling and mainstream them with
quality of care for patients. society to be able to contribute more to
 With this extension, the scheme will now the growth story of the country.
remain in effect till June 30, 2025
The scheme consists of five components
Key Features and Objectives:
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 Foundational Literacy and Numeracy, imparting training and certification of
 Critical Life Skills, Krishi Sakhis as Para-extension
 Basic Education, Workers.
 Vocational Skills, and  This certification course also aligns with
 Continuing Education. the objectives of the ‗Lakhpati Didi‘
Program.
GREAT Scheme
Krishi Sakhis have already been trained on
 Recently, the Empowered Programme
various extension service.
Committee (EPC) of National Technical
Textiles Mission (NTTM) has approved 7  Agro-Ecological Practices: From land
startup proposals under the GREAT preparation to harvest.
scheme.  Organizing Farmer Field
 Grant for Research and Schools: Facilitating practical learning
Entrepreneurship across Aspiring sessions for farmers.
Innovators in Technical  Seed Banks: Establishment and
Textiles (GREAT) encourages young management.
innovators, scientists/technologists, and  Soil Health and
startup ventures in the field of Technical Conservation: Techniques for
Textiles to translate their ideas into maintaining soil health and moisture.
commercial technologies/products and  Integrated Farming
make India self-reliant. Systems: Combining various farming
 It supports individual entrepreneurs or practices for sustainability.
start-ups for functional prototypes or  Livestock Management: Basic
commercialization of their technologies management practices for livestock.
for Technical Textile  Bio Inputs: Preparation, use, and
 A grant-in-aid of up to Rs 50 lakhfor up establishment of bio-input shops.
to a period of 18 months will be  Communication Skills: Essential skills
provided. for effective communication with
 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Textiles farmers.
 Time period: It has been approved with
an implementation period of four
years, starting from FY 2020-21 till FY
2023-24.
Krishi Sakhi Convergence Programme
 Recently, the Prime Minister of India

granted certificates to over 30,000
women from Self Help Groups (SHGs) as
‗Krishi Sakhis‘ under the Krishi Sakhi
Convergence Programme (KSCP).
 It aims to transform rural
India through the empowerment of
rural women as Krishi Sakhi, by
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AWARDS AND APPOINTMENTS
UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN)
 Kozhikode, a city in north Kerala
celebrated for its rich cultural heritage,
has been officially declared as India's
first UNESCO City of Literature under
the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.
 Srinagar has become the fourth Indian
city to be recognized as a „World Craft
City‟ by the World Craft Council (WCC),
following its designation as part of the
UNESCO Creative City Network (UCCN)
for crafts and folk arts three years ago.
Kavli Prize
The winners of the 2024 Kavli Prize were
announced on Wednesday. Eight winners were
awarded for their contributions to
astrophysics, neuroscience and nanoscience.
Awards
World Craft City
 A 26-year-old writer from the tribal
Recently, Srinagar has earned the World Craft thanda of Vivek Nagar in Jakranpally
City (WCC) tag from the World Crafts Council mandal of Nizamabad district, Ramesh
(WCC). Karthik Naik, was awarded the Sahitya
Akademi Yuva Puraskar for Telugu.
 Dr. Usha Thakur Receives Prestigious
12th Vishwa Hindi Samman
 Arundhati Roy Honored with
Prestigious Pen Pinter Prize 2024
 GRSE Wins Sustainable Governance
Champion Award
 Wildlife Filmmaker Subbiah Nallamuthu
Honored with V. Shantaram Lifetime
Achievement Award
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 Filmmaker Vinod Ganatra Honoured
with Nelson Mandela Lifetime
Achievement Award
 SEBI Honoured with „Best Conduct of
Business Regulator‟ Award by The
Asian Banker
 Nar Singh, Rohini Lokhande win Dilip
Bose Lifetime Achievement Award
 Sanya Malhotra‘s ―Mrs‖ Triumph at New
York Indian Film Festival
 Siddhalinga Pattanashetti Wins
Gudleppa Hallikeri Award 2024
 NIMHANS Honoured with Prestigious
Nelson Mandela Award for Health
Promotion
 Indian-American Bruhat Soma Triumphs
at Scripps National Spelling Bee
Appointments
 Vikram Misri Appointed India‟s New
Foreign Secretary.
 Portugal‟s António Costa, The
European Council‟s Next President
 J.P. Nadda Appointed as Leader of The
House in Rajya Sabha
 Lt Gen NS Raja Subramani as The Next
Vice Chief of Army Staff
 Lt General Upendra Dwivedi Named
New Army Chief.
 Government Appoints Atul Kumar
Chaudhary as Secretary of Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India
 Former IAS Officer P K Mishra to
Continue as Principal Secretary to PM
Modi.
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SPORTS
 Four AFMS Officers Create History at
43rd World Medical & Health Games in
Saint-Tropez, France
 Indian National Ultimate Frisbee Team
Wins Silver at 2024 Asia Oceanic
Championship in Japan
 Kapil Dev, the legendary cricketer and
passionate amateur golfer, has been
elected as the new president of the
Professional Golf Tour of India (PGTI).
 Indian javelin star Neeraj Chopra added
another feather to his cap by clinching
the gold medal in the men's javelin throw
event at the Paavo Nurmi Games 2024 in
Turku, Finland.
 Lee Zii Jia Triumphs at BWF Australian
Open 2024
 Mumbai Cricket Association Honorary
President Amol Kale Passes Away During
India-Pak Match.
 India Named Hosts for 2025 FIH
Hockey Men‟s Junior World Cup.
 Puja Tomar Becomes First Indian to
Win in UFC.
 UP to Organize 2025 Edition of
MotoGP Bharat in Noida.
 Sumit Nagpal Wins his 6th ATP
Challenger Tennis Title.
 Max Verstappen Dominates Canadian
Grand Prix for Third Consecutive Year.
 Sarabjot Singh Shines at ISSF World
Cup in Munich.
 Indian Athletes Shine at Taiwan
Athletics Open 2024
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INTERNATIONAL
KAZA Summit Colombo Process
 At the KAZA Summit 2024, leaders of the  India has become chair of the Colombo
Kavango-Zambezi Trans-Frontier Process for the first time since its
Conservation Area (KAZA-TFCA) decided inception in 2003.
to oppose the ivory trade ban at the  It is a Regional Consultative Process and
CoP 20 of CITES. it provides an important platform for
 Convention on International Trade in consultations on the management
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and of overseas employment and contractual
Flora (CITES) is an international labour for countries of origin in Asia.
agreement between 184 governments to  It serves as a forum for the exchange of
ensure that international trade in wild best practices on overseas employment.
animals and plants does not threaten the  It comprises 12 Member States of
survival of the species. Asia (countries of origin of migrant
 Southern African leaders seek to lift workers).
CITES ivory ban for economic gain, citing  Members: Afghanistan, Bangladesh,
$1 billion value. KAZA states hold a $1 China, Cambodia, India, Indonesia,
billion ivory stockpile, with Zimbabwe's Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri
166-ton stash worth $600 million. Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam.
 India has been a member of the
United Nations Global Supply Chain Forum
Colombo Process since its inception in
 The inaugural United Nations Global 2003.
Supply Chain Forum, organized by UN  The process is non-
Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and binding and decision-making is by
the Government of Barbados, concluded consensus.
successfully recently.  The process is coordinated through the
 It was the inaugural edition of the forum, Permanent Missions of Member States at
which was held from May 21 to 24, the United Nations in Geneva.
2024, in Barbados.
USA-India iCET
 It was hosted by UN Trade and
Development (UNCTAD) in collaboration  US National Security Adviser Jake
with the Government of Barbados. Sullivan will visit India this month to
 Digital technologies were highlighted discuss shared US-India priorities with
as key to enhancing global supply the new government.
chain resilience.  The Initiative on Critical and Emerging
 Ministers from SIDS advocated Technologies (iCET) is a framework for
for international financial support and cooperation between India and the
investment in green and sustainable United States on critical and emerging
technologies to enhance energy efficiency technologies, it was launched in January
and combat marine pollution. 2023.
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Biopharmaceutical Alliance that came into force with the
establishment of the WTO on January
 The Biopharmaceutical Alliance was
1, 1995.
recently inaugurated in San Diego
 It sets out the basic rules for food safety
during the Bio International Convention
and animal and plant health standards.
2024, the world's largest
biopharmaceutical exhibition.
 It is an alliance of India, South Korea,
Japan, the United States of America
(USA) and the European Union to put
joint efforts into building a resilient
supply chain in the biopharmaceutical
sector
 The participants emphasised the
importance of a reliable and sustainable
supply chain and agreed to coordinate
the respective countries' biopolicies,
regulations and research and
development support measures.
International Sugar Organisation
 India is hosting a global event in sugar New Caledonia

sector ‗International Sugar Organisation
(ISO) Council Meeting‘ in New Delhi from  The Socialist Kanak National Liberation
25th till 27th June, 2024. Front (FLNKS) of the South Pacific
 It is an inter-governmental body French territory of New Caledonia called
completely devoted to improving for French President Emmanuel Macron
conditions in the world sugar market. to abandon the plan to modify the
 It was established in 1968 and it is also electoral reform.
a UN affiliated body.  New Caledonia is a French overseas
 Headquarters: London territory located in the southwestern
Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,500 km
WTO‟s SPS Agreement east of Australia.
 India and the US informed the World
Trade Organization (WTO) that they have
reached a mutually agreed solution on
the outstanding dispute on poultry
imports from Washington, thereby
resolving all of their seven disputes at
the global trade watchdog.
 The Agreement on the Application
of Sanitary and Phytosanitary
Measures (SPS Agreement) is a treaty
of the World Trade Organization (WTO)
29
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One Liners
 Paraguay Joins International Solar

Alliance as 100th Member
 Mark Rutte Appointed as Next Secretary
General of NATO.
 Tajikistan Government Bans Hijab and
Other ‗Alien Garments
 Thailand Passes Marriage Equality Bill, A
First in Southeast Asia
30
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MISCELLANEOUS
Days & Themes Theme: ―Let‘s Move and Celebrate.‖
 International Day Against Drug Abuse
 Global Day of Parents- 1 June
and Illicit Trafficking- 26 June
Theme: Nurturing the Future
Theme: ―The Evidence is Clear: Invest
 World Environment Day- 5 June
in Prevention‖
Theme: ‗Land restoration,
 Micro-, Small and Medium-sized
desertification, and drought resilience‗
Enterprises Day- 27 June
 World Food Safety Day- 7 June
Theme: ―Leveraging Power and
Theme: ―Food Safety: Prepare for the
Resilience of Micro-, Small and Medium-
Unexpected.‖
sized Enterprises (MSMEs) to Accelerate
 World Oceans Day- 8 June
Sustainable Development and Eradicate
Theme: ―Awaken New Depths.‖
Poverty in Times of Multiple Crises―.
 World Day Against Child Labor- 12
 International Day of Parliamentarism-
June
30 June
Theme: ―Let‘s Act on Our Commitments:
Theme: ―Parliamentary diplomacy:
End Child Labour‖
Building bridges for peace and
 International Albinism Awareness
understanding.‖
Day- 13 June
Theme: ―10 years of IAAD: A decade of urana Qila
collective progress,‖
 Recently, a ceremony was organised to
 World Blood Donor Day -14 June
mark the handing over of Purana Qila
Theme: ―20 years of celebrating giving:
to the Sabhyata Foundation of the
thank you blood donors!‖
Dalmia Group under the 'Adopt a
 World Elder Abuse Awareness Day-15
Heritage' scheme of the Ministry of
June
Tourism.
Theme: ―Spotlight on Older Persons in
Emergencies,‖ Pampa Lake
 World Day to Combat Desertification
and Drought- 17 June  A team from the Karnataka State
Theme: ―United for Land. Our Legacy. Department of Archaeology Museums
Our Future.‖ and Heritage has uncovered rock shelter
 World Refugee Day- 20 June paintings estimated to be around 2,500
Theme: ―Everyone is Welcome.‖ years old near Pampa Lake in the Hampi
 World Sickle Cell Day- 20 June World Heritage Area
Theme: ―Hope through progress:  It is located to the south of
Advancing Sickle Cell Care Globally.‖ the Tungabhadra River.
 International Day of Yoga -21 June  Major
Theme: ―Yoga for Self and Society‖ Tributaries: Varada River and Hagari
 World Rainforest Day- 22 June (Vedathi) River.
Theme: ―Empowering the World in  The river has several dams and
Defense of Our Rainforests.‖ reservoirs built on it, including
 International Olympic Day- 24 June the Tunga Anicut Dam, the Bhadra Dam,
31
CapfAcMentors.com
the Hemavathi Dam, and the  PM Modi Inaugurates New Campus of
Tungabhadra Dam. Nalanda University in Bihar
 Mumbai Retains Top Spot as India‘s
Onge Tribe
Most Expensive City for Expats: Mercer
 Andaman‘s Onge tribe king Totoko and Report
queen Priya welcomed a baby boy  Vice President Inaugurates „Prerna
recently, bringing the tribe‘s total Sthal‟ at Parliament House Complex.
population to 136.  Former IAS Officer P K Mishra to
 Onges are one of the most primitive Continue as Principal Secretary to PM
tribes in India that belong to the Negrito Modi
racial ancestry.  Air India-Vistara Merger Approved by
 They are inhabiting Little Andaman NCLT.
Island, the most southerly island in the  MeitY and UNESCO Host National
Andaman archipelago. Workshop on Safe, Trusted, Ethical AI.
 They are a semi-nomadic group and are  PM launches ‗Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam‟
dependent on the ocean and the forest Campaign to commemorate the world
for sustenance. environment Day.
 Unlike other religions, they do not  Assam‟s New IIM Kamrup: Boosting
believe in or follow firm worshipping Education and Economy
practices or sacrifices.  TCS & IIT-Bombay Partner to Develop
India‘s 1st Quantum Diamond Microchip
Ambubachi Mela Imager
 Devotees from across the nation are  Peter Pellegrini Sworn in as Slovakia‟s
flocking to the Kamakhya temple in President Amid Political Tensions
Assam's Guwahati for the  Philemon Yang of Cameroon elected
commencement of the annual President of upcoming General Assembly
Ambubachi Mela. Session
 Vellayan Subbiah Named EY World
One Liners Entrepreneur of the Year 2024.
 Kuwait‟s Emir names Sheikh Sabah as
 2025 to be International Year of
new crown prince
Quantum Science and Tech
 21st Shangri-La Dialogue Ends in
 Sarod maestro Pandit Rajeev
Singapore.
Taranath, who was undergoing
treatment at a private hospital in
Mysuru, passed away recently.
 The Central Railway has installed
a floating solar plant of 10 MWp capacity
in the Igatpuri lake located in the
Western Ghats, a first-of-its-kind
initiative by the Indian Railways.
 NHAI to Use Miyawaki Plantation to
Increase Green Cover Along National
Highway
32
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