PEST MANAGEMENT

( AGR 244 )

DIPLOMA IN PLANTING INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT

(AT110)

PEST COLLECTION REPORT

PREPARED BY :

MUHAMMAD SYAHMI BIN AHMAD MUDZAKIR

MATRIX NUMBER :

2020431024

PREPARED FOR :

MR. AZLIZUL BIN ABDUL RAHIM

DATE OF SUBMISSION :

TABLE OF CONTENT
No Content pages

1 Introduction 3

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2 2.0 Specimen information ( insect in oil palm )

2.1 Bagworm 4-5

2.2 Rhinoceros Beetle 6-7

2.3 Termite 8-9

2.4 Grasshopper 10-11

2.5 Chafer beetle 12-13

3 3.0 Specimen information ( insect in paddy )

3.1 White – backed planthopper 14-15

3.2 Rice leaf Folder 16-17

3.3 Rice Black Bug 18-19

3.4 Rice Ear Bug 20-21

3.5 Stem Bores 22-23

4 4.0 Conclusion 24

5 5.0 References 25

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 1. INTRODUCTION
A pest is any animal or plant that is dangerous to humans or human interests. The word is most

commonly applied to critters that cause harm to crops, cattle, and forests or pose a nuisance to

people, particularly in their houses.

Insect are just little creatures that we frequently meet. Insects are divided into several

categories. One of these is the insecta or hexapoda class. There are any members of the

Arthropoda phylum's largest class. This insect is the largest animal phylum. Insects have

segmented bodies, jointed legs, and visible skeletons from the outside (exoskeletons)

Insects' bodies are divided into three unique portions, which distinguishes them from other

arthropods. The first section, the head, houses the mouthparts, eyes, and a pair of antennae.

The second portion is the three-segmented thorax, which has three pairs of legs in adults and

one or two pairs of wings. The digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs are contained in

the abdomen's various segments.

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2.0 SPECIMEN INFORMATION (INSECT IN OIL PALM)

2.1 BAGWORM

Scientific name: Mahasena corbetti

Biology:

1. Is able to fly

2. Prolific breeder in the summer

3. The colour brown

4. Have a protective bag on hand during the larval stage

Life cycle:

1. Eggs in late May and early June

2. Wind-transported larva

3. Larvae continue to eat until the end of August.

4. In September, adult male worms emerge.

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Economic damage:

1. Yield dropped by up as 44% in two consecutive years.

2. Plant leaves are used as food.

3. Larvae feed on evergreen plant leaves and needles.

4. Infested fronds will dry out and skeletonize, leaving just the midribs.

Control method:

1. Make use of parasitoids

2. Obscuration

3. Injection of the trunk

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2.2 Rhinoceros Beetle

Scientific name: Oryctes rhinoceros

Biology:

1. Adults on black

2. Tough shells

3. Can fly

Life cycle:

1. Egg (8-12 days)

2. Grub of the first instar (10-21 days)

3. Grub of the second instar (12-21 days)

4. Grub of the third instar (60-165 days)

5. Pupa (17-30 days)

6. Adult (5-10 months)

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Economic damage:

1. Adult and pupa may decrease oil palm productivity.

2. Crop losses are projected to range between 40% and 92%.

3. It can lower canopy size by 15%, limit photosynthetic activity, delay plant maturity, and

diminish fruit bunch size.

Control method:

1. Removal of standing logs, stumps, and garbage piles

2. Employ pheromone trapping

3. Attack larvae with bio insecticides.

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2.3 Termite

Scientific name: Coptotermes curvignathus

Biology:

1. Excessive timber leftovers left behind

2. Decomposing dead woody plants to produce organic matter, which is then used to enrich soil.

3. Basic castes in the colony: king/queen, troops, and laborers

Lifecycle:

1. Eggs

2. Nymph

3. Worker, soldier, reproductive

4. Alate

5. Male/ queen

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Economic damage:

1. Attacks the base of an oil palm stump

2. Root feeding and bore of a live or dead tree, wood, or stump

Control method:

1. Termite monitoring and census

2. Make use of oil palm empty fruit bunches as bait (EFB)

3. Apply termiticides and chitin production inhibitors such as chlorpyrifos (0.16%)

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2.4 Grasshopper

Scientific name: Valanga nigricornis

Biology:
1. Can fly
2. Limited life cycle

Life cycle:
1. Eggs
2. 1st stage nymph
3. 2nd stage nymph
4. 3rd stage nymph
5. 4th stage nymph
6. 5th stage nymph
7. Adults

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Economic damage:

1. Eats leaves at the nursery stage

2. Slow down the photosynthetic process

Control method:

1. Repellant spray

2. Continuously monitor

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2.5 Chafer beetle

Scientific name: Apogonia cribricolli

Biology:

1. Able of flying

2. Small stature

3. Extremely suited environmental conditions

Life cycle:

1. Egg

2. Larvae

3. Pupa

4. Adult

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Economic damage:

1. Destroying foliar leaves, particularly in the nursery stage

Control method:

1. Apply Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Trichlorphon, and Clorpyriphos to the foliage.

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3.0 SPECIMEN INFORMATION (INSECT IN PADDY)

3.1 White-backed planthopper

Scientific name: Sogatella furcifera

Biology:

1. Able to fly

2. Tiny size

Life cycle:

1. Egg

2. Nymph

3. Adult

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Economic damage:

1. Cause paddy yellow

Control method:

1. Use parasitod

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3.2 Rice leaf folder

Scientific name: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

Biology:
1. Can fly

Life cycle:
1. Egg
2. Larvae
3. Pupa
4. Adult

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Economic damage:
1. Leaf wilt

Control method:
1. Apply a spray of Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Trichlorphon, or Clorpyriphos.

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3.3 Rice black bug

Scientific name: Scotinophara coarctata

Biology:
1. Compact size
2. Can fly
3. Extreme adaptability

Life cycle:
1. Egg (4-7 days)
2. Nymphs (29-35 days)
3. Adult

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Economic damage:

1. Sucks sap from the midribs of the leaves and panicle

2. Plant has been stunted, and tilling has been reduced.

Control method:

1. Light trapping

2. Herding of ducks

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3.4 Rice ear bug

Scientific name: Leptocorisa oratoria

Biology:

1. Can fly

2. Small size

Life cycle:

1. Egg (5-7 days)

2. Nymph (25-30 days)

3. Adult

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Economic damage:

1. Sucking rice ear at the milk stage

2. Lead to decreased seed quality

Control method:

1. Flooding the area of paddy

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3.5 Stem bores

Scientific name: Scirpophaga incerrtulas

Biology:
1. Can fly
2. Small size

Life cycle:
1. Egg
2. Larvae
3. Pupa
4. Adult

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Economic damage:

1. Dry out the middle shoots of tillers.

2. Annual agricultural output loss of up to 15%

Control method:

1. Install trap crops

2. Eliminate stubbles with fire or a low concentration of calcium cyanide.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

Finally, of the study, we were able to greatly enhance learning principles. However, we have

learned to distinguish between theoretical and practical issues. The major goal of this study is to

identify which insects harm oil palm trees and paddy plants.

In a murdering frenzy, we collected insect specimens and killed them with an alcohol pad.

Specimen preparation is necessary for this experiment. Insect specimens were placed in a

specimen box. It is properly preserved to avoid any harm. The specimens are then properly

labelled. In addition, we look for the scientific and colloquial names. We also determined the

date and location of the sample.

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5.0 REFERENCES

admin@agrifarming.in. (2019, april 1). https://www.agrifarming.in/. Retrieved from

https://www.agrifarming.in/category/agriculture-farming: https://www.agrifarming.in/major-
paddy-insect-pests-control-measures

Satyoso Harjotedjo, S. B. (2013). Management of Oil Palm Pests and Diseases in Indonesia: Learning
from the Past, Adapting for the Future. https://www.researchgate.net/.

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