SAP- Question bank for Class Test I

2 Marks Questions

1. State the factors to be considered while selecting MCCB for motor protection.
• Which type motor to be protected?
• Motor's cost
• Rated voltage, Capacity of Motor
• Ambient conditions
• Breaking Time
• Cost of protection scheme
• Permissible over loads and starting current of motor.
• Simplicity of protection

2. With the help of suitable diagram explain the importance of back-up

protection
• Back- up protection: - Aa precautionary measure an addition is generally
provided & is called as back - up protection.
• If primary protection fails the back -up protection comes into action and
removes the faulty part from healthy system.

3. State the need of current limiting reactors.

• In a power system when short circuit fault takes place , magnitude short
circuit current becomes 5 to7 times more than the rated current.
• In order to limit the short circuit current up to the value which circuit breaker
can handle additional reactance know as reactors are connected in series
with the system at suitable location.
• The reactors are designed with large inductance and low value of ohmic
resistance

4. Define normal and abnormal conditions in electrical power system.

Normal Conditions:

• It is a state of network in which the current flowing through it is the rated

current provided that the voltage and frequency is constant.

• The current is not diverted to the other path that is generally towards
the earth then the condition is said to be normal condition.
 Abnormal Condition:

• It is the defect in the any part of the system which produce abnormalities
like over current, over voltage, disturbance and elements are likely to be
damaged and the system is disturb.
• It is the defect in part of the power system due to which the current is
diverted from the desired path with increase in magnitude called fault.

5. Compare HRC fuse and Circuit breakers as interrupting devices on any four
points.

6. Differentiate between symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.

 4 Marks Questions
1. Define following terms related to CB
I)Rated normal current
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ii) Rated breaking current

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iii) Short time rating

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iv) Symmetrical breaking current

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2. Explain in brief four causes of faults in the power system

1. Short circuits:
• This can be caused by insulation failure, equipment malfunction, or human
error.
• Short circuits result in a sudden increase in current flow, leading to potential
damage to equipment and the risk of fire.

2. Overloads:
• This can occur due to excessive power demand, improper distribution of
loads, or faulty equipment.
• Overloads can cause overheating, voltage drops, and damage to equipment,
leading to system failures.
 3. Ground faults:
• Ground faults occur when a live conductor comes into contact with a
grounded surface.
• This can happen due to insulation breakdown, equipment failure, or faulty
wiring.

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3. With the help of suitable diagram explain bus bar reactor with their any two
advantages.
There are two types of reactors in a bus bar system.
➢ Ring system

Advantages of ring system

• Voltage drop less power loss is less
• Seviarity of fault current is less.

➢ Tie bar system

Advantages of tie bar system
• less number of reactors
• fault current is reduced since two
reactors come in circuit
4. Explain the operation of trip circuit.

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5. With the help of neat sketch, state the construction and working of SF6 gas circuit
breaker.

Construction
• Figure shows the construction components of Sf6 circuit breaker.
• it is consisting of movable cylinder connected with movable contact.
• between movable cylinder and fixed piston Sf6 gas is stored.
• the nozzle are connected across the moving contact on both side off moving
cylinder
Working
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