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Industrial Regions in South Africa
Industrial Regions in South Africa
By Leandi Kolver
Gauteng continued to dominate the South African economy, contributing nearly 35%
to the national gross domestic product, until at least 2017. It is noted that Gauteng's
provincial economy was 75% and was made up of tertiary sector industries, including
trade, transport, finance and community services. The province was also regarded
as the natural destination for international investors wishing to establish a
springboard into Africa.
4.5 Read the extract in FIGURE 4.5 based on the PWV/Gauteng Industrial
Region.
4.5.1 Quote evidence from the article to support the statement that the
PWV/Gauteng Industrial Region is a core industrial region. (1 x 1) (1)
4.5.2 Discuss ONE factor that has contributed to the PWV/Gauteng Industrial
Region being a preferred destination for international investors. (1 x 2) (2)
(b) How will the Phalaborwa SDI benefit from strengthening its trading
links with Gauteng? (1 x 2) (2)
3.5 Refer to FIGURE 3.5 showing statistics relating to Western Cape export
products.
3.5.1 Name ONE product in FIGURE 3.5 representing the primary and
secondary economic sectors (2 x 1)
3.5.2 Which primary product shows an increase in value after it has been
processed? (2 x 1)
3.5.3 Calculate the total revenue from the export of fresh fruit in the
Western Cape (1 x 2)
3.5.4 Why is fruit processing such a major industry in the South-western
Cape? (1 x 2)
3.5.5 Discuss TWO factors that support the export of products from the
Western Cape. (2 x 2)
.
.
Marking Guideline
3.5
3.5.1 Primary: citrus (1) apples and pears (1) grapes (1) tobacco (1)
Secondary: refined petroleum (1) wine (1) iron and steel (1)
engine parts (1) fruit juice (1) dried fruit and nuts (1)
[ANY ONE OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY] (2 x 1) (2)
3.5.4 Fruit is the main raw material used in the food processing industry (2)
Climate suitable for grape growing (for the making of wine) (2)
Variety of fruit is suitable to be grown in this area (2)
Large labour force available as fruit farming requires manual labour (2)
There is a lack of minerals thus the Western Cape relies on fruit as a raw
material (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)
3.5.5 Harbour facilities and harbour infrastructure to export to global markets (2)
A highly efficient container shipping facility is accessible to the harbour (2)
Refrigerated containers for transporting fruit overseas (2)
Cape Town International Airport which provides links to major economies in
the west (2)
Top quality products produced for export (2)
Increase demand for these products in Northern Hemisphere countries
during the South African growing season (2)
Most industries are established and mechanised (2)
Road and rail links improve transportation links to the rest of South Africa (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)
Activity 3
November 2020
FIGURE 3.6: PWV (GAUTENG) INDUSTRIAL REGION
(a) Why has water supply hindered the development of the PWV
(Gauteng) Industrial Region? (1 x 2) (2)
(b) How did the PWV (Gauteng) Industrial Region overcome the
shortage of water supply for industries? (1 x 2) (2)
3.6.4 (a) This region generally does not receive enough rainfall during the year (2)
High evaporation rates reduces the water supply (2)
There is high competing demand for water from different sectors of the
economy (2)
High concentration of people in the region increases the demand of water
for domestic use (2)
Poor management (accept examples) of existing water resources reduces
the supply even further (2)
Water transfer schemes are costly (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)
(b) Water transfer schemes allow for water to be transferred to PWV
(Gauteng) Industrial Region (2)
Tugela Vaal water transfer scheme allows water from the Tugela River
in KZN to be transferred to the Vaal Dam (2)
Lesotho Highlands project allows water from the Katse Dam to be
transferred to the Vaal Dam (2)
Recycling of water puts less pressure on the usage of the water (2)
Water restrictions (2)
Higher tariffs to limit the usage of water increasing (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)
(c) High influx of people from other parts of South Africa (2)
High influx of illegal immigrants exceeding amount of employment
opportunities available (2)
Increase in unskilled labour force (2)
Lack of Fourth Industrial Revolution skills (2) Retrenchments due to
unstable economic climate (2) COVID-19 restrictions and protocols (2)
Industries use machinery/robots to do work which replaces people (2)
Lack of work experience (2)
Activity 4
North West Prelim 2017
4.6 Answer the following questions based on South-Western Cape industrial
region.
4.6.1 State TWO dominant industrial products produced in the South Western
Cape. (2 x 1) (2)
4.6.2 Name the Spatial Development Initiative within the region. (1 x 1) (1)
4.6.3 Describe any TWO factors that favoured industrial development in the
South Western Cape. (2 x 2)
(4)