M.Ed.

– VIII (All 5 marks questions with answers)

1. What is Brahma Yajna? How does one benefit from this yajna?
 Performing Sandhya or prayer every morning and evening.
 Study the Vedic scriptures regularly every day.
 Performance of Sandhya gives peace of mind to the performer.
 It is thanks giving to God.
 Studies of scriptures expand one’s knowledge and provide understanding of the purpose and
meaning of human life.
2. Give a brief life-sketch of Mahatma Hans Raj?
 Mahatma Hans Raj was born on 19 April 1864, Bajwara village in Hoshiarpur district of Punjab.
 Was educated in Lahore and was selected as the first head master of first DAV School.
 He devoted his whole life to the mission of running the school without any renumeration for
his service.
 His elder brother shared half of his salary to support his family.
 He led a most simple life, working day and night for the welfare of the school and its students.
3. How did Swami Dayanand pass away?
 Swami Dayanand passed away on 30 October 1883 in Ajmer.
 He was earlier staying with the Raja of Jodhpur at his palace.
 The Raja was involved with a court dancer and swamiji did not like it and on one occasion
scolded the Raja.
 The dancer felt insulted and decided to take revenge and she planned to poison him with the
help of his cook named Jagannath who mixed strong poison in his milk.
 Boils erupted all over Swamiji’s body giving him severe pain.
 Finally, he faced death bravely by uttering his last words ‘God, thy will be done’.
4. What are the special features of DAV schools?
 The DAV schools and colleges are run as a blend of ancient and modern system of education.
 The best in the Indian tradition and as well as the best in modern sciences and technology are
amalgamated to provide everything a student of the present time needs.
 The DAV has established a reputation for academic excellence and character-building.
 The DAV alumni consist of distinguished jurists, diplomats, doctors, engineers, scientists,
educationists, literary figures and sportsmen who have made their mark in every field of
activity.
 To meet the growing need of quality education, the DAV has launched a massive programme
of setting up a network of DAV Public Schools imparting education designed on modern
scientific lines.
 The DAV College Trust and Managing Society is largest non-governmental educational
organisation in the country.
5. Swami Dayanand was an ardent advocate of Swadeshi. Justify the statement.
 He said that the requirements of every country should be supplied from within that country.
 AT Moradabad, Swamiji asked for a knife and when a knife of foreign made was brought to
him; he indignantly remarked that it was a thousand pities that Moradabad where cutlery was
an important industry, they could not supply him a knife of local manufacture.
 This should not lead us to believe that he was an advocate of secluded self-sufficiency.
 On the contrary, he was a great believer in foreign travel and international trade.
6. “The sun never sets in the British Empire”. Justify the statement.
 During the British rule, Indians were subjected to a system of education which in a subtle way
gave a sense of inferiority complex to them.
 Students were made to sing praises of the British rule.
 Seeds of heroism of the English were prescribed in text books.
 The young students made to believe in the greatness and invincibility of the British.
 It was at this critical juncture that the Arya Samaj gave the clarion call for new orientation in
education.
7. What were Swami Dayanand’s views about the social customs of India?
 The women of India owe a debt of gratitude to him who did so much for their emancipation.
 He believed in sex –equality and his advice was that purdah should be discarded.
 Girls should have the same facilities for education as boys have.
 Girls should not be married before the age of 16.
 He advocated re-marriage of widows who on account of inhibitions on widow-marriage were
tempted into life of vice and corruption.
8. Define Deva Yajna and write its benefits.
 Deva Yajna means the performing of Vedic Havan by lighting the sacred fire, burning fragrant
herbs and the chanting Vedic mantras.
 It not only destroys harmful germs in the atmosphere but creates a sense of purity in the
performer’s mind.
 The Havan performed every morning and evening brings health and happiness.
 Havan purifies the environment and serves an ecological purpose.
9. (a) What is Athiti Yajna? (3)
(b) Name any four festivals which should be celebrated by the Aryans. What values you
inculcate through these festivals? (2)
(a)
 Athiti Yajna means the welcoming of guests and giving them food, shelter, etc. Whenever they
visit our home.
 Athiti means one who arrives in our home without any information.
 One should welcome such people with open arms and good food.
(b)
 Ramanavami, Shivaratri, Deepawali, Sri Krishna Janmasthami, Vasant Panchami,Makar
Sankranti, etc.
 Values: love and affection, care, cooperation, etc.
10. Swami Dayanand wrote several books to explain and promote the pure Vedic ideology and
beliefs. Justify the statement.
 Yes. His books used to explain and promote the pure Vedic ideology and beliefs.
 Yajurved Bhashya – An interpretation of Yajurveda in Sanskrit.
 Satyartha Prakash – Enunciates the Vedic ideals.
 Aryabhivinaya – A book of Vedic prayer.
 Sanskara Vidhi – A book on 16 Sanskaras or Vedic practices in one’s life.
 Rigvedadibhasybhumika – An introductory note on the translations of the four Vedas.
11. What are Swami Dayanand’s views about Democracy?
 People should always see that their country is administered by councils and not by a single
individual with absolute power.
 The ruler who is the head of the assembly and the assembly itself should be interdependent.
 Both should be controlled by the people in their turn should be governed by Assembly.
 The law-makers harmoniously work together and make good laws, let all abide by those laws.
 All men should subordinate themselves to the laws that are calculated to promore general
well-being.
12.