03.

Classification of Elements and

Periodicity in Properties
In light of the above statements, choose most
1. Valency and Oxidation State appropriate answer from the options given
below:
1. Identify the incorrect statement from the (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
following (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
(a) Lithium is the strongest reducing agent (c) Statement I. true, but Statement II is false
among the alkali metals. (d) Statement I. false, but Statement II is true
(b) Alkali metals react with water to form their JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-I
hydroxides. Ans. (d) : As oxidation no. decreases, Acidic behaviour
(c) The oxidation number of K in KO2 is +4. decreases.
(d) Ionisation enthalpy of alkali metals decreases ∴ E2O5 : 2x – 10 = 0
from top to bottom in the group x = +5
NEET-17.07.2022 E2O3 : 2x – 6 = 0
Ans. (c) : The group first is known as alkali metal and x = +3.
show only +1 oxidation state in all of their compound. ∴ E2O5 is more acidic than E2O3.
KO2 is a superoxide. 4. Choose the correct stability order of group 13
The oxidation state of K in KO2 is – element in their +1 oxidation state.
x + 2 (– 1/2) = 0 (a) Al < Ga < In < Tl (b) Tl < In < Ga < Al
x–1=0 (c) Al < Ga < Tl< In (d) Al < Tl < Ga < In
x=+1 JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I
So, the oxidation state of K is + 1. Ans. (a) : The correct stability order of group 13
element in their +1 oxidation state is –
2. The average oxidation number of bromine in Al < Ga < In < Tl
Br3O8 is Because, inert pair effect as you moving down the
16 4 group, the stability of oxidation state the increases while
(a) (b) the stability of +3 oxidation state decreases.
3 3
3 5 5. In which of the following compounds an
(c) (d) element exhibits two different oxidation states?
4 2
8 (a) N 2 H 4 (b) N 3 H
(e) (c) NH 2 CONH 2 (d) NH 4 NO3
3
Kerala CEE -03.07.2022 Karnataka CET-17.06.2022, Shift-II
Ans. (a) : Given, Br3O8 Ans. (d) : Oxidation States of –
Let oxidation number of Br is x and we know oxidation (a) In N2H4, the oxidation state of N is (– 2)
number of O is (–2). Then 2(x) + 4 = 0 (oxidation state of H = +1)
3(x) + 8 (–2) = 0 x = –2
3x – 16 = 0  −1 
3x = 16 (b) In N3H, the oxidation state of N is  
 3 
16
x= 3(x) + 1 = 0 (oxidation state of H = +1)
3 −1
16 x=
So, the average oxidation number Br in Br3O8 is . 3
3 (c) In NH2CONH2, the oxidation state of N is (–3)
3. Given below are statements: x+2+4–2+x+2=0
Statement I : The pentavalent oxide of group -15 2x = –6
element, E2O5, is less acidic than trivalent oxide, x = –3
E2O3 of the same element. (d) In NH4NO3 is breaks into NH +4 NO3− .
Statement II : The acidic character of trivalent
So, it has two different oxidation states.
oxide of group 15 elements, E2O3 , decreases
down the group. In NH +4 , the oxidation state of N is –

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 250 YCT

 x+4=1 9. 1 mole of metal ‘M’ reacts completely with
x = –3 alcohol to give 1.5 moles of H2. Then what will
−
In NO3 , the oxidation state of N is – be the valency of metal ‘M’?
(a) 4 (b) 3
x + (–6) = – 1
(c) 2 (d) 1
x = +5
GUJCET-2020
Thus the oxidation state of N in NH +4 , is –3 while in Ans. (b) : On the reaction of metal and the alcohol, the
NO3− , is +5. metal replace the hydrogen ion of the alcohol, and
liberates hydrogen gas.
6. Which of the following does not have valence The reaction can be written as–
electron in 3d- subshell?
Mnt + R – OH → (R – O)n M + 1/2 H2
(a) Fe (III) (b) Cr(I)
(c) Mn (II) (d) P(0) If one mole of metal gives 3/2 moles of hydrogen, it
BITSAT-2012 can be written as– M → m + 3e
3+ –

AIIMS-2002 Therefore, the valency of metal is 3.

Ans. (d): Phosphorous is not a d-block element. It is an 10. Assertion: I2O5 is used to detect CO.
element of P-block of group 15. Reason: In I2O5 the oxidation number of I is 5.
Thus cannot have any valence electron in d-subshell. (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
All other element are d-block elements therefore has Reason is the correct explanation of
valence electron in 3d-subshell Assertion.
Electronic configuration of these are (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Fe(III)= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 Reason is not the correct explanation of
Cr(I)= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 Assertion.
2 2 6 2 6 5 (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
Mn(II)= 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d
7. Identify the element for which electronic (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
configuration in +3 oxidation state is [Ar]3d .5 incorrect.
(a) Ru (b) Mn AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
(c) Co (d) Fe Ans. (b): I2O5 + 5CO → I2 + 5CO2
(JEE Main 2021, 1 Sep Shift-II) Solid iodine pentoxide with gaseous carbon monoxide
Ans. (d) : The atomic number of Ar is 18 due to in the presence of air gives carbon dioxide and solid
presence of electrons in d-orbital's and add 5 electron in iodine.
the d-orbital. Total number of electrons in X3+ is 23. Oxidation state of I in I2O5
Oxidation means loss of electrons, so +3 charges 2x + 5 × (–2) = 0
implies 3 electrons loss by X to form X3+. 2x – 10 = 0
Hence, the number of electrons in X = 23 + 3 = 26 x=5
Therefore the element is Fe. 11. Which one of the following represents the
8. Which among the following structures does not correct order of electron releasing tendency of
correctly represent the bonding capacities metals?
(valancies) of the atoms involved? (a) Zn > Cu > Ag (b) Ag > Cu > Zn
(c) Cu > Zn > Ag (d) Cu > Ag > Zn
NDA (II)-2019
Ans : (b) The correct order of electron releasing
(a) (b) tendency of metals are–
Ag>Cu>Zn
The tendency of metals to lose electron is determine by
their position in electrochemical series.
(c) (d) 12. Assertion: S2 O72− & Cr2 O72− both exist.
Reason: Both have same valence electrons.
AP EAPCET-6 Sep. 2021, Shift-II (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Reason is the correct explanation of
Ans. (d) :
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
This structure not correctly represent the bonding (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
capacities i.e. valencies in the atoms involved. because (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
valency of carbon is 4 but one carbon has three bonds incorrect.
and other five. AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 251 YCT
Ans. (a): The structure of S2 O72− is– 16. Which oxidation state for nitrogen is correctly
given ?
Compound Oxidation
(a) NH 3 +3
(b) [Co(NH 3 )5 Cl] +1
(c) Mg3 N 2 –3
(d) NH 2 OH +1
and the structure of Cr2 O72− is– BCECE-2016
Ans. (c) : The oxidation state of nitrogen is
(i) In NH3 (ii) In [CO(NH3)5Cl]
x + 3(+1) = 0 +1 +5[x+3(+1)]–1 = 0
x+3=0 5[x+3] = 0
x = –3 x+3=0
x = –3
Both having the same structure and same valence (iii) In Mg3 N2 (iv) In NH2 OH
electrons. 3(+2) + 2x = 0 x + 2(+1) + (–2) + 1 = 0
13. The element that forms stable compounds in 6 + 2x = 0 x + 2 – 2 + 1 =0
low oxidation state is x = –3 x= –1
(a) Mg (b) Al 17. The number of electrons is the valence shell of
(c) Ga (d) Tl the central atom of a molecules is 8. The
TS EAMCET-2017 molecule is
Ans. (d) : The element that forms stable compound in (a) BCl3 (b) BeH2
low oxidation state is Thallium (Tl) due to inert pair (c) SCl2 (d) SF6
effect, and poor shielding. Increased effective nuclear AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014
charge holds the 6s electron tightly. Ans. (c) : The number of electrons is the valence shell
of the central atom of a molecules is 8. The molecule is
14. The valency of an element depends upon the SCl2. The central S atom has 2 bond pairs of electrons
(a) total number of protons in an atom and 2 lone pairs of electrons.
(b) mass number of an atom 18. The valency shell of element A contains 3
(c) total number of neutrons in an atom electrons while the valency shell of element B
(d) total number of electrons in the outer most contains 6 electrons. If A combines with B, the
shell of an atom probable formula of the compound formed will
NDA (I)-2017 be
(a) AB2 (b) A2B
Ans : (d) The valency of an element depends upon the
(c) A2B3 (d) A3B2
total number of electrons in the outer most shell of an
BITSAT-2014
atoms.
Ans. (c) : The element A is ns2np1 and B is ns2np4.
15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct They can form compound of the type A2B3.
answer using the code given below the Lists:
19. Variable valency is a general feature of :
List-I List-II (a) s-block elements (b) p-block elements
(Element) (Highest Valency) (c) d-block elements (d) (b) and (c) both
A. Sulphur 1. Five MPPET-2013
B. Phosphorous 2. Six Ans. (c) : Variable valency is the feature of d-block
C. Lead 3. Two element. Variation in valency is due to participation of
D. Silver 4. Four (n – 1)d electron in bond formation. d-block elements
Code: have empty inner orbitals, the electrons are added to
A B C D incomplete inner shells.
(a) 2 4 1 3 20. One mole of N2H4 loses 10 moles of electrons to
(b) 2 1 4 3 form a new compound Z. Assuming that all the
(c) 3 1 4 2 nitrogens appear in the new compound, what is
(d) 3 4 1 2 the oxidation state of nitrogen in Z? (There is
NDA (II)-2016 no change in the oxidation state of hydrogen.)
Ans. (b) : (a) –1 (b) –3
(c) +3 (d) +5
List-I List–II AP EAMCET (Engg.) 2012
(Element) (Highest volume) Ans. (c) : Given,
A. Sulphur Six N 2 H 4 − 10e −  → Z10+ ( with two N atoms )
B. Phosphorous Five Since, total oxidation number of two N atoms in N2H4
C. Lead Four 2x + 4 = 0
D. Silver Two 2x = −4
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 252 YCT
∴ N 2 H 4 Losses 10 e – so total oxidation number of two 26. Xenon hexafluoride reacts with silica to form a
xenon compound X. The oxidation state of
N-atoms increases by 10, i.e. the total oxidation number xenon in X is :
of two N-atoms is
(a) +2 (b) +4
Y = −4 + 10 = +6
(c) +6 (d) 0
∴ Oxidation number of each N atom in Z10+ = +3 AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2004
21. Which of the following is non-existent? Ans. (c) : When xenon hexafluoride reacts with silica to
(a) AlF63− (b) CoF63− form xenon oxytetrafluoride.
(c) BF63− (d) SiF62− 2XeF6 + SiO 2 
→ 2XeOF4 + SiF4
Xenonhexafluroide Silica Xenonoxytetrafluoride
AMU – 2010
3− XeOF4
Ans. (c) : BF6 does not exist because boron does not Let Oxidation state of Xe in x is.
have d-orbital maximum covalency of B is only 4 as it ∴ x–2–4=0
does not have d-orbital.
x = +6
AlF63− , SiF62− , CoF63− exist because they have d- orbital
27. Which of the following element shows
in valence shell to expand their valency. maximum valency?
22. The valency of the element having atomic (a) Carbon (b) Barium
number 9 is (c) Nitrogen (d) Sulphur
(a) 1 (b) 2 UP CPMT-2003
(c) 3 (d) 4
Ans. (d) : Use the number of electrons in valence shell
MPPET- 2009
to find the maximum valence shown by the element.
Ans. (a) : The atomic number 9 the atom is fluorine. (a) C, atomic number=6, 1s2, 2s2, 2p2
The electronic configuration of an element of atomic
number 9 is 2, 7. It requires one electron to get stable Q it has 4 electrons in valence shell
noble gas configuration. Hence, its valency is 1. ∴ its maximum valency is 4
(b) Barium belongs to group 2 (at. no=56)
23. The oxidation number of O in OF2 is
(a) –2 (b) +1 Q it has 2 electrons in valence shell
(c) +2 (d) –1 ∴ its maximum valency is 2.
BCECE-2009 (c) Nitrogen (at. no. 7) = 1s2, 2s2, 2p3
Ans. (c) : Let the oxidation number of O is x. Q valence shell has 5 electrons
In OF2 ∴ it can have maximum valency of 5.
x + 2(–1) = 0 (d) Sulphur (at. no. 16) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p4
x–2=0 Q valence shell has 6 electrons
x = +2 ∴ it can have maximum valency of 6.
Thus, the oxidation number of O in OF2 is +2. ∴ sulphur shows maximum valency among given
24. The oxidation state of oxygen is zero in choices.
(a) CO (b) O3 28. Which one of the following elements show
(c) SO2 (d) H2O2 different oxidation states?
CG PET -2007 (a) Sodium (b) Fluorine
Ans. (b) : For carbon monoxide, the sum of the (c) Chlorine (d) Potassium
individual oxidation number of the constituent atoms AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2001
must equal the charge on the ion, Ans. (c) : The elements having d-orbital shows different
Hence, the oxidation number oxygen – 2. oxidation states. In the given elements only chlorine has
The oxidation number of an oxygen atom in the ozone vacant d-orbital. So, it can show –1, +1, +3, +5 and +7
is zero. oxidation state.
29. Metals having ns1 as the valence electronic
configuration:
−1 + 1 + 0 (a) are strong oxidizing agents
Average oxidation state = =0 (b) are highly electronegative
3 (c) are highly electropositive
25. The number of electrons in the valence shell of (d) have a first ionization potential of more than
sulphur in SF6 is: 10 eV/atom
(a) 12 (b) 10
AP-EAMCET (Med.)-1999
(c) 8 (d) 11
UPTU/UPSEE-2005 Ans. (c) : If the outer electronic configuration goes to
ns1 valence shell then the metal is belongs to the alkali
Ans. (a) : The number of electrons in the valence shell metal. As we know, alkali metals are more
of sulphur in SF6 is 12 because the valency of sulphur is electropositive with low ionization energies in the
+6 and six fluoxine atoms each having combine to periodic table. Electropositivity increases down the
sulphur. group in the alkali metal.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 253 YCT
30. Which of the following covalent molecules is an 35. In which of the following sulphur has the
exception of octet rule? lowest oxidation state?
(a) BeCl2 (b) CO2 (a) H2SO4 (b) SO2
(c) H2O (d) CH4 (c) H2SO3 (d) H2S
AP-EAMCET/1999 AP EAMCET- 1993
Ans. (a): BeCl2 has a covalent molecule. In Beryllium, Ans. (d) :
there are 4 electron in BeCl2. Hence, octet rule is not (i) In H2SO4 (ii) In SO2
obeyed in BeCl2. 2 × (+1) + x + 4(–2) = 0 x + 2(–2) = 0
31. Which of the following sequence is correct with 2+x–8=0 –4 + x =0
reference to the oxidation number of iodine? x=+6 x = +4
(a) I2 > ICl < HI < HIO4 (b) HIO4 < ICl < I2 < HI
(c) I2 < HI < ICl < HIO4 (d) HI < I2 < ICl < HIO4 (iii) In H2SO3 (iv) In H2S
AP EAMCET- 1997 2(+1) +x + 3(–2) = 0 2(+1) + x = 0
Ans. (d) : Let the oxidation number of iodine is x. +2 + x – 6 = 0 2 + x =0
(i) In HI (ii) In I2 x–4=0 x= –2
+1+x = 0 x=0 x=+4
x = –1 Hence, In H2S has the lowest oxidation state of sulphur.
(iii) In ICl (iv) In HIO4 36. An f-shell containing 6 unpaired electrons can
x + (–1) = 0 +1 + x + 4(–2) = 0 exchange
x + 1= 0 1+x–8=0 (a) 6 electrons (b) 9 electrons
x = +1 x–7=0 (c) 12 electrons (d) 15 electrons
x = +7 VITEEE, 2014
Hence, According to the increasing oxidation number Ans. (d) : The electron with same spin present in the
iodine are - degenerate orbitals tends to exchange their position
HI < I2 < ICl < HIO4 The possible exchange of f6 – configuration
32. The oxidation state of sodium in sodium
amalgam is
(a) +1 (b) -1
(c) zero (d) +2
AP EAMCET- 1996
Ans. (c) : The formula of sodium amalgam is Na–Hg
Sodium amalgam's are mixture not a compound. The
oxidation state of metal in sodium. Amalgam is always
zero. Hence, the oxidation number of sodium in sodium
amalgam is zero.
33. The oxidation state of iodine in ICl−2 is
(a) +1 (b) –1
(c) +2 (d) –3
AP EAMCET- 1995 Thus, the total exchange of f6 – configuration is
Ans. (a) : Given the molecule is ICl−2 . = 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 15 electrons.
Let, oxidation state of I is x.
In ICl−2 2. Periodic Laws
x + 2(–1) = –1
x – 2 = –1 37. The long form of periodic Table is based on
x=–1+2 (a) mass of the atom (b) atomic number
x = +1 (c) shapes of the atom (d) electronegegativity
Hence, the oxidation state of iodine is +1. CGPET-2012
34. The Oxidation number of chlorine in KClO3 is J&K CET-1998, AIIMS-1994
(a) +5 (b) -5 Ans. (b): The long form (modern periodic table)
(c) +1 (d) -1 periodic table is based on the increasing atomic number.
AP EAMCET- 1993 The atomic number is the number of protons in the
Ans. (a) : Given that , KClO3 nucleus of an atom. The number of protons define the
Let the oxidation number of Cl is x. identity of an element.
We know that, the oxidation state of K is +1, and 38. Given below are two statements:
oxygen is –2. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
∴In KClO3 labelled as Reason (R).
1+X + 3 (–2) = 0 Assertion (A) Metallic character decreases and
X – 5=0 non-metallic character increases on moving
X = +5 from left to right in a period.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 254 YCT
 Reason (R) It is due to increase in ionisation Ans. (b) : Moseley gave the modern periodic law. He
enthalpy and decrease in electron gain showed the atomic number is more fundamental
enthalpy, when one moves from left to right in property of an element than its atomic mass.
a period. The square root of the frequency of a line (x-ray
In the light of the above statements, choose the spectrum) is related to the atomic number Z.
most appropriate answer from the options ν = a (z – b)
given below. Where, Z = Atomic number
(a) (A) is false but (R) is true a = Proportionality constant
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false b = Another constant
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the 42. Identify the least stable ion amongst the
correct explanation of (A) following :
(d) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the (a) Be– (b) Li–
–
correct explanation of (A) (c) B (d) C–
(JEE Main 2021, 31 Aug Shift-I) MPPET-2013
Ans. (b) : Metallic character decreases and non-metallic Ans. (a) :
character increases on moving from left to right in a
period due to decrease ionization enthalpy and increase
in electron gain enthalpy from left to right in a period.
39. The interaction energy of London forces
between two particles is proportional to rx,
where r is the distance between the particles.
The value of x is
(a) 3 (b) –3
(c) –6 (d) 6
(JEE Main 2021, 26 Aug. Shift-II)
• Be– is least stable.
Ans. (c) : According to London forces, “Greater than
Polorisability of the interacting particles greater is the 43. Which one of the following has incomplete
magnitude of interaction energy.” octet?
(a) NH3 (b) BCl3
1
The energy of interaction force ∝ 6 where, r = distance (c) CCl4 (d) PCl3
r UP CPMT-2012
between particles. The interaction energy of London Ans. (b) : 5B=2, 3
forces is inversely proportional to sixth power of the 17Cl=2, 8, 7
distance between two interacting particles.
40. In the modern periodic table the acidic nature
of oxides_______. In BCl3, B has 6 electrons.
(a) Increases from left to right and decreases Therefore, it has incomplete octet.
from top to bottom 44. Atomic numbers of elements X,Y and Z are 50,
(b) Decreases from right to left and increases 78 and 60 respectively. these elements are
from top to bottom placed in modern long from of Periodic Table
(c) Remains same across a period and increases respectively in
from top to bottom (a) p- block, d-block and f-block
(d) Decreases from left to right and remains the (b) p-block, d- block and s- block
same down the group (c) s- block, p-block and d-block
AP-EAMCET 25-08-2021 Shift - I (d) s-block, d-block and f- block
Ans. (a) : Acidic nature increases from left to right and CG PET- 2011
decreases top to bottom in modern periodic table Ans. (a) : Atomic number x=50 is tin(Sn).
because the electronegativity decreases down the group. It is an P-block element.
Electronegativity is the property of the element to The electronic configuration of tin (Sn) is
attract electron pairs. When the metal is more [ Kr ] 4d10 5s 2sp2 .
electropositive, it has more basic oxide in nature and Atomic number y = 78 is platinum (Pt).
less in acidic character. It is an d-block element.
41. The plot of square root of frequency of X-ray The electronic configuration of Platinum (Pt) is
emitted against atomic number led to [ Xe] 4f 14 5d9 6s1 .
suggestion of which law/rule? Atomic number z = 60 is neodymium (Nd).
(a) Periodic law It is an f-block element.
(b) Modern periodic law
(c) Hund's rule The electronic configuration of Nd is [ Xe] 4f 4 6s 2 .
(d) Newland's law Therefore, In modern periodic table x, y and z are p-
MHT CET-2014 block, d-block and f-block element.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 255 YCT

45. Which of the following is a wrong statement? 49. Which of the following does not exhibit the
In a given period of the Periodic Table, the s- periodicity in properties of the elements?
block element has, in general, a higher value of (a) s- block (b) d- block
(a) electronegativity (b) atomic radius (c) p- block (d) f- block
(c) ionisation energy (d) electron affinity CG PET -2005
JIPMER-2010 Ans. (c) : All the periodic properties exhibit regular
Ans. (b): Atomic radius decrease along the period so, s- trends while moving across the period as well as
block element will have high atomic radius. moving down the group but in exactly opposite manner.
• Electron affinity increases along the period so, s- The n/p ratio does not behave in this manner and hence
block element will have less electron affinity. p-block element not show the periodicity in properties
• Electronegativity increases along the period so, s- of the element.
block element will have less electro-negativity. 50. Which of the following does not exhibit the
• Ionization energy increase along the period so, s- periodicity in properties of the elements?
block element will have less Ionization energy. (a) Ionisation energy (b) n/p ratio
(c) Electro negativity (d) Atomic radius
46. Ortho and para- hydrogen have
CG PET -2005
(a) Identical chemical properties but different
physical properties Ans. (b) : Electron affinity, Electronegativity and
atomic radius follow the periodicity in properties of the
(b) identical physical and chemical properties
element but n/p ratio does not behave in this manner.
(c) Identical physical properties but different
Hence, the n/p ratio does not exhibit the periodicity in
chemical properties properties of the element.
(d) different physical and chemical properties.
51. The first artificial disintegration of an atomic
WB-JEE-2010
nucleus was achieved by:
Ans. (a) : Ortho and para hydrogen are similar in chemical (a) Geiger (b) Wilson
properties but differ in some of the physical properties. (c) Madam Curie (d) Rutherford
• Melting point of para hydrogen is 13.83k while that JCECE - 2005
of ordinary hydrogen is 13.95k Ans. (d) : The first artificial disintegration is the term
• Boiling point of para hydrogen is 20.26k while that coined by Ernest Rutherford, for the process by which an
of ordinary hydrogen is 20.39k. atomic nucleus is broken by bombarding it with high speed
• The vapour pressure of liquid para hydrogen is alpha particle's either from a particle accelerator or a
higher than that of ordinary liquid hydrogen. naturally decaying radioactive substance such as radium.
47. In a periodic table the basic character of oxides 52. As per the modern periodic law, "the physical
(a) increases from left to right and decreases and chemical properties of elements are
from top to bottom periodic functions of their
(b) decreases from right to left and increases (a) Atomic number"
from top to bottom (b) Electronic configuration"
(c) decreases from left to right and increases (c) Atomic weight"
from top to bottom (d) Atomic size"
(d) decreases from left to right and increases A.P.EAMCET 1998
from bottom to top. Ans. (a) : According to modern periodic law, "The
WB-JEE-2010 physical and chemical properties of the elements are
Ans. (c) : In the periodic table, on moving along a periodic function of their atomic numbers.
period, the tendency to lose electrons decreases and Atomic weight is defined as the number of protons and
thus, the metallic character decrease since the oxides of neutrons in an atom. Atomic size is define as the
non-metal are acidic. Thus, on moving along a period distance between an atom's nucleus and its outermost
from left to right basic character decrease. While on shell is measured in atomic size.
moving down top to bottom in a group basic character 53. In the long form of Periodic Table, the
increases due to increase in metallic character. elements having lowest ionization potential are
48. In which one of the following pairs the radius present in
of the second species is greater than that of the (a) I group (b) IV group
first? (c) VII group (d) zero group
(a) Na, Mg (b) O2–, N3– A.P.EAMCET 1992
+ 2+
(c) Li , Be (d) Ba2+, Sr2+ Ans. (a) : The group I of the periodic table, the element
(e) Al, Be is loosely attached to the nucleus, it easily to remove the
Kerala-CEE-2007 electron from atom. Hence, the group-I has lowest
Ans. (b) : O2– and N3– both are isoelectronic but differ ionization potential.
in the charge possessed by them as the negative charge 54. The law of triads is applicable to a group of
increases, the electrons are held less tightly by the (a) Cl, Br, l (b) C,N,O
nucleus, therefore O2–, N3– have greater the electrons (c) Na, K, Rb (d) H,O,N
more the repulsion and hence the larger size. JEE Main, 24.09.2019
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 256 YCT
Ans. (a): According to the law of triads, in a group of 59. The set of elements that differ in mutual
three elements, the average atomic masses of the first relationship from those of the other sets is
and last element would be approximately equal to the (a) Li-Mg (b) B-Si
atomic mass of middle elements. (c) Be-Al (d) Li-Na
Do bereiner also suggested that the law of triads can (JEE Main 2021, 17 March Shift-II)
also be extended for other quantifiable properties such Ans. (d) : Li-Mg, Be-Al and B-Si show as diagonal
as density of elements. relationship but Li and Na do not show diagonal
Bromine must be approximately equal to the average of relationship as both belongs to some group and not
atomic masses of chlorine and Iodine. placed diagonally.
Hence, Cl, Br, I are follow the law of triads. 60. The set of elements that differ in mutual
(3.c) Periodic Classification, Periodic Trends relationship from those of the other sets is:
55. Which of the following electronic (a) Be–Al (b) B-Si
configurations corresponds to an inert gas? (c) Li-Na (d) Li-Mg
2 2 5 2 2 6 JEE Main 17.03.2021, Shift-II
(a) 1s , 2s , 2p (b) 1s , 2s , 2p
Ans. (c) : Be-Al, B-Si, Li-Mg have the diagonal
2 1
(c) 1s , 2s (d) 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p6 , 3s1 relationship whereas Li-Na are of the same group
BITSAT-2010 element and have the other properties than diagonal
A.P.EAMCET 1993 relationship sets. So, Li and Na does not have diagonal
NEET-1989 relationship.
Ans. (b) : Inert gas configuration has outermost shell
has completely filled. So the option (b) is correct for
inert gas configuration. 61. From the given pairs of elements, the correct
56. Which of the following pairs has both members set of elements that does not possess
from the same period of periodic table : (a) B – Si, Nb – Ta (b) Li – Al, C – P
(a) Na, Ca (b) Na, Cl (c) Mo – W, B – Si (d) Zr – Hf, Be – Al
(c) Ca, Cl (d) Cl, Br TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-II
BITSAT 2010 Ans. (b) :
BCECE-2006
Ans. (b) : 11Na 2, 8, 1; 17Cl 2, 8, 7
These have same number of shells. Hence, they are the
elements of the same period.
57. Identify the correct order of the size of the 62. In general, the properties that decrease and
following. increase down a group in the periodic table,
(a) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl– < S2– respectively are
2+ +
(b) Ar < Ca < K < Cl < S – 2– (a) electronegativity and atomic radius
2+ +
(c) Ca < Ar < K < Cl < S – 2 (b) electronegativity and electron gain enthalpy
(d) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < S2– < Cl– (c) electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity
NEET-2010, 2007 (d) atomic radius and electronegativity
Ans. (a) : The isoelectronic ions ionic radii of anions is (JEE Main 2019, 9 Jan Shift-I)
more than that of cations further the size of anion Ans. (a) : Electro negativity is a measure of the
increases with increases in negative charge 4th size of tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of
the cation decrease with increases in positive charge. electron.
The increasing of the size of ions are:- On moving to down the group electronegativity
2+ +
Ca < K < Ar < Cl < S – 2– decrease and increase down the group atomic radius
respectively.
58. Which of the following represents the correct Electron gain enthalpy becomes more negative from left
order of increasing electron gain enthalpy with to right in a period.
negative sign for the elements O, S, F and Cl?
(a) Cl < F < O < S (b) O < S < F < Cl 63. Which of the following has octet around central
atom?
(c) F < S < O < Cl (d) S < O < Cl < F
(a) PF5 (b) SF6
NEET-2010, 2005 (c) CCl4 (d) BF3
Ans. (b) : Electron gain enthalpy generally increases in JIPMER-2019
a period from left to right and decrease from top to
Ans. (c) : The molecules that refers to the tendency of
bottom in a group of periodic table. an atom to have 8 electrons in the valence shell.
Cl and F are belong to 17 group and O and S are belong
to 16 group. Cl has higher electron gain enthalpy than F
because the incoming electron experience a greater
force of repulsion because of small size of F atom.
Similarly, in case of O and S. Thus, the correct order of
electron gain enthalpy is- Thus, CCl4 Molecule has complete the octet around the
O < S < F < Cl central atom of chlorine.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 257 YCT
64. Which statement (s) is (are) false for the
periodic classification of elements?
(a) The properties of the elements are the
periodic functions of their atomic numbers
(b) Non-metallic elements are lesser in number
than the metallic elements
(c) The first ionisation energies of the elements
along a period do not vary in a regular
manner with increase in atomic number
(d) For transition elements, the d-electrons are
filled monotonically with increase in atomic
number
(e) Both (c) and (d)
Kerala-CEE-2018
Ans. (d) : For transition elements, the d-electrons are
not filled monotonically with increase in atomic
number.
The first ionization energy of the element along a period
vary in a regular manner with increase in atomic
number.
65. An element has [Ar]3d1 configuration in its +2
oxidation state. Its position in the periodic table
is
(a) period-3, group - 3 (b) period-3, group - 7
(c) period-4, group - 3 (d) period-3, group – 9
AP-EAMCET – 2016
Ans. (c) : Given that an element with electronic
configuration [Ar]3d1 in its + 2 oxidation state.
∴ The atomic number of element
= Ar + 1 + 2 = 21
Thus, the element is Scandium. It belong to 4th period
and group - 3
66. Identify the most acidic oxide among the
following oxides based on their reaction.
(a) SO3 (b) P4O10
(c) Cl2O7 (d) N2O5
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2015
Ans. (c) : On going from left to right in a period, the
ionisation energy of element generally increases. Hence,
their oxides basic to amphoteric to acidic character.
Oxide of more electronegative atom is more acidic
in nature.
The oxidation state of oxygen is –2. Let x be the
oxidation state of non metal.
For, SO3 molecule, x + (–2)3 = 0 or x = +6
For P4O10 molecule, 4(x) + 10(–2) = 0, x = +5
For, Cl2O7 molecule, 2(x) + 7(–2) = 0 or x = +7
For, N2O5 molecule, 2(x) + 5(–2) = 0 or x = +5
67. Assertion: Both Be and Al can form complexes
such as BeF42-and AlF63-respectively, BeF63- is not
formed.
Reason: In case of Be, no vacant d-orbital's are
present in its outermost shell.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
the Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 258
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect.
AIIMS-2015
Ans. (a): Be and Al can form complexes such as BeF42-
and AlF63- respectively, BeF63- is not formed due to the
absence of vacant d-orbital is not enough orbitals to
accommodate extra electrons.
Hence, both asseration and reasons are correct and
reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
68. The element, with atomic number 118, will be
(a) alkali (b) noble gas
(c) lanthanide (d) transition element
BITSAT-2015
Ans. (b) : Electronic configuration of element with
atomic number 118 will be [Rn]5f146d10 7s27p6. Since
its electronic configuration in the outermost orbit
(ns2np6) resemble with that of inert or noble gases,
therefore it will be noble gas element.
69. The element with atomic number 117 has not
been discovered yet. In which family would you
place this element if discovered?
(a) Alkali metals (b) Alkaline earth metals
(c) Halogens (d) Noble gases
AIIMS-2014
Ans. (c): The electronic configuration of the element
with atomic number 117 (Rn) 5f14, 6d10, 7s2, 7p5.
This element contains 7 electrons in its outermost shell.
So, it belong to VII A (17) group of periodic table. It is
a halogen family.
70. The number of elements present in the fourth
period is
(a) 32 (b) 8
(c) 18 (d) 2
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) 2013
Ans. (c) : For 4th period
∴ The orbital in 4th period is = 4s, 3d, 4p
And the no. of electron in the orbit is 2, 10, 6
The number of electron present in the fourth period is
18.
71. The screening effect of d-electrons is
(a) Equal to p-electrons
(b) Much more than p-electrons
(c) Same as f-electrons
(d) Less than p-electrons
BITSAT-2013
Ans. (d) : The screening effect of inner electron of the
nucleus is due to decrease in ionization potential,
therefore the order of the screening effect is
f<d<p<s
Hence, the screening effect of d-election is less than p-
electron.
72. Identify the wrong statement in the following.
(a) Amongst isoelectronic species, smaller the
positive charge on the cation, smaller is the
ionic radius
(b) Amongst isoelectronic species, greater the
negative charge on the anion, larger is the
ionic radius
YCT
 (c) Atomic radius of the elements increases as on Ans. (c) : The fifth period is from rubidium (37) to
moves down the first group of the periodic table. xenon (54). The last electron enters in 5s, 4d or 5p
(d) Atomic radius of the elements decreases as on orbitals. Therefore, the fifth period has (2 + 10 + 6) 18
moves across from left to right in the 2nd elements.
period of the periodic table. 77. The effective nuclear charge is equal to
NEET-2012 (a) Z – S (b) Z + S
Ans. (a) : The positive charge on the cation increases, (c) A – Z (d) Z + A
the effective nuclear charge increases. Thus, the atomic SRMJEEE – 2009
size decreases. Since the number of the shell increases,
So atomic radius increases. Against isoelectronic Ans. (a) : The effective nuclear charge is the net
species, ionic radius increases with increases in negative positive charge experienced by valence electrons.
charge or decrease in positive charge. Z = atomic number
73. Properties of elements are periodic function of S = Number of shielding electrons
number of_______ present in the nucleus. Zeff = Z − S
(a) protons (b) electrons
(c) neutrons (d) mesons. 78. Lattice energy of an ionic compound depends
J & K CET-(2012) upon
Ans. (a) : Properties of elements are periodic function (a) charge on the ion only
of number of protons present in the nucleus. Number of (b) size of the ion only
protons = number of electrons. (c) charge on the ion and size of the ion
• Physical and chemical properties of elements depend (d) packing of its ions only
on the number of electrons and their arrangement. AP - EAMCET(MEDICAL) - 2009
Thus, properties of elements are periodic function of Ans. (c) : From the Born-Lande equation–
number of protons present in the nucleus. N Mz + z − e2  1 
74. As we move from left to right in the 3d-series U= A 1 − 
4π ∈0 r  n 
elements
(a) electropositive character decreases Where, U = Lattice energy of crystal
(b) electropositive character increases NA = Avogadro's number
(c) electropositive character decreases and M = Molecular weight
electronegative character increases z+, z– = Charge of cation and anion
(d) electropositive character increases and r = Radius of the atom
electronegative character decreases. n = Exponent
COMEDK-2011 From the above equation it is clear that lattice energy
Ans. (c) : As we move in the row from left to right, depends upon charge on the ion and size of the ion.
electrons are added to the 3d subshell to neutralize the 79. Beryllium resembles much with :
increase in the positive charge of the nucleus as the (a) Zn (b) Al
atomic number increase so, we move from left to right (c) Li (d) Ra
in 3d series element electropositive character decrease BITSAT 2009
and electronegative character increases.
Ans. (b) : Beryllium resembles with aluminium due to
75. Beryllium and aluminium exhibit many similarity in the size of ions and similarity in
properties which are similar. But, the two electropositive character. This type of resemblance
elements differ in between first elements of a group in second period with
(a) forming covalent halides second element of the next group is termed as diagonal
(b) forming polymeric hydrides relationship.
(c) exhibiting maximum covalency in
compounds 80. Which of the following properties of lithium
does not show diagonal relationship with
(d) exhibiting amphoteric nature in their oxides
magnesium?
BITSAT-2011
(a) Formation of Li+ ion
Ans. (c) : Beryllium and aluminium are S-block (b) Formation of Li3N
element and P-block element respectively.
(c) Solubility of LiHCO3
Exhibiting maximum covalency in compoundly due to
diagonal relationship, Be and Al have many similar (d) Thermal decomposition of Li2CO3
properties. However they differ in exhibiting maximum CG PET -2009
covalency. Ans. (a) : Molecular radius of Li is 60 and Mg+2 ion is
Maximum covalency of Be = 4 65.
Maximum covalency of Al = 6 • Does not solubility of bicarbonates.
This is due to absence of d-orbital in Be. • Format with ion and heat to made Li2CO3
76. Number of elements presents in the fifth period • Both Li and Mg combine directly with N2 to give
of Periodic Table is nitride Li3N2 and Mg3N2
(a) 32 (b) 10 • Bicarbonates of Li and Mg are more soluble in
(c) 18 (d) 8 water than carbonates. Whereas carbonates of alkali
JCECE - 2010 metals are more soluble.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 259 YCT
81. Increase in atomic size down the group is due
to–
(a) increase in number of electrons
(b) increase in number of protons and neutrons
(c) increase in number of protons
(d) increase in number of protons, neutrons and
electrons
BCECE-2008
Ans. (a) : Increase in atomic size down the group is due
to increase in number of electrons.
To accommodate these electrons new shells are added
to the atom. These new shells take the outermost
electrons farther from the nucleus causing atomic size to
increase as we go down the group.
82. On moving from left to right in the second
period along the periodic table the gram atomic
volume of the element
(a) increases with constant velocity
(b) remains unchanged
(c) first increases and then decreases
(d) decreases
CG PET-2007
Ans. (d) : On moving from left to right in the second
period of the periodic table the gram atomic valence of
the element decreases.
The atomic valence of noble gases is comparatively
larger as they have large Van der Waals radii due to
completed valence shell, with all electrons paired which
causes greater repulsion.
83. Which of the following elements represents
highly electropositive as well as highly
electronegative character in its period?
(a) Hydrogen (b) Nitrogen
(c) Fluorine (d) None
BITSAT-2007
Ans. (a) : First period has H and He only, out of which
He is inert, hence H behaves as a highly electropositive
as well as electronegative element.
84. The group of elements in which the
differentiating electron enters the
antepenultimate shell of atoms are called
(a) f-block elements (b) p-block elements
(c) s-block elements (d) d-block elements
J & K CET-(2007)
Ans. (a) : The group of elements in which the
differentiating electron enters the antepenult-s timate
shell of atoms are called f-block elements.
Incase of inner transition elements i.e. f-block elements,
the last three shell are namely valence, penultimate and
penultimate and penultimate shell are incomplete. The
inner transition elements the last shell contains two
electrons and the penultimate shell may contain electron
more than eight or nine and penultimate shell contains
more than 18 upto 32 electrons.
85. Pick out the statement(s) which is (are) not true
about the diagonal relationship of Li and Mg:
(i) polarizing powers of Li+ and Mg2+ are
almost same
(ii) like Li, Mg decomposes water very fast
(iii) LiCl and MgCl2 are deliquescent
(iv) like Li, Mg do not form solid bicarbonates
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 260
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) only (ii) (d) only (i)
(e) (ii) and (iv)
Kerala-CEE-2006
Ans. (c) : The diagonal relationship of Li and Mg of the
properties are:-
(i) Polarizing powers of Li+ and Mg2+ are almost same
(ii) Li,Mg decomposes water very fast
(iii) LiCl and MgCl2 are deliquescent
(iv) Li,Mg dose not form solid bicarbonates
86. The cause of diagonal relationship is
(a) Similar electronegativities
(b) Similar ionic or atomic radii
(c) Similar polarizing power of ions
(d) All the three
BITSAT-2006
Ans. (d) : Diagonal relationship is formed due to the
identical size of ions, we move forward right across a
period in the periodic table then the size of the atom
reduces and when we move downward across a group
then the size of the atom gradually increases.
• Similar electronegativities
• Similar ionic or atomic radii
• Similar polarizing power of ions
87. Which is responsible for the diagonal relation
of lithium with magnesium?
(a) Less ionic radii
(b) High polarising power
(c) Approximately equal electronegativity and
affinity
(d) All of the above
CG PET -2006
Ans. (d) : The diagonal relationship of lithium with
magnesium are–
• Both have almost similar electro negativity
• Both Li and Mg are quite hard They are harder and
lighter than other elements in their receptive group.
• Both Lithium and magnesium have small size and
high charge density.
• They are low and almost same. Their ionic radii are
similar.
88. Diagonal relationship is for:
(a) Li – Na (b) Be – Mg
(c) Si – C (d) B – Si
UPTU/UPSEE-2006
Ans. (d) : Diagonal relationships occur because of the
direction in the trends of various properties as you move
across or down the Periodic table. Many of the chemical
properties of an element are related to the size of the
atom.
Diagonal relationship is–
Li and Mg, Be and Al, B and Si etc.
89. The stability of ferric ion is due to :
(a) half filled f - orbitals
(b) half filled d- orbitals
(c) completely filled f- orbitals
(d) completely filled d- orbitals
BCECE-2006
YCT
Ans. (b) : Ferric ion Fe3+ has half filled d-orbital. electrons move further away from the nucleus.
Therefore, these can be lost easily.
The electronic configuration of irons is (Ar) 3d6 4s2. So,
when we say ferric it mean iron loses three electrons, Hence, metallic character decreases across a period and
that is it loses two electron from 2s–orbitals and one increase down a group.
electron from 3d orbitals. Therefore, ferric ion has d- 93. Which of the following is correct?
orbital is filled by 5 electrons that is half filled and half (a) The number of electrons present in the
filled orbitals are stable. valence shell of S in SF6 is 12
90. Following statements regarding the periodic (b) The rates of ionic reactions are very slow
trends of chemical reactivity of the alkali (c) According to VSEPR theory, SnCl2 is a linear
metals and the halogens are given. Which of molecule
these statements give the correct picture? (d) The correct order of ability to form ionic
(a) The reactivity decreases in the alkali metals compounds among Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+ is
but increases in the halogens with increase in Al3+ > Mg2+ > Na+
atomic number down the group AP-EAMCET/2005
Ans. (a)
(b) In both the alkali metals and the halogens the
• The number of electrons present in the valence shell
chemical reactivity decreases with increase in
atomic number down the group of S in SF6 is 12. Statement is true.
• The rates of ionic reactions are very fast. Statement
(c) Chemical reactivity increases with increase in
atomic number down the group in both the is false.
alkali metals and halogens • According, to VSEPR theory, SnCl2 is a bent or V-
(d) In alkali metals, the reactivity increases but inshaped molecule. Statement is false.
the halogens it decreases with increase in • The correct order of ability to form ionic
atomic number down the group compounds among Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+ is Na+ >
(AIEEE-2006) Mg2+ > Al3+. Statement is false.
Ans. (d) : In alkali metal, we move top to bottom in a 94. What is the correct relationship between the
group size increases thus, reactivity increases. But in pH of isomolar solutions of sodium oxide, Na2O
halogen, the reactivity decrease due to decrease in (pH1), sodium sulphide, Na2S (pH2), sodium
electronegativity and decrease oxidizing ability due to selenide, Na2Se (pH3) and sodium telluride
the inert pair effect atomic radius increases from top to Na2Te(pH4)?
bottom in a group which less the attraction of valence (a) pH1 > pH2 > pH3 > pH4
electron of other atoms thus, decreasing reactivity. (b) pH1 > pH2 = pH3 > pH4
(c) pH1 > pH2 < pH3 < pH4
91. p-orbital in a given shell can accommodate upto–
(d) pH1 > pH2 < pH3 ≈ pH4
(a) four electrons
NEET-2005
(b) two electrons with parallel spin
(c) six electrons Ans. (a) : The basicity of these oxides decreases, when
placed in water, the basicity of solution also decreases.
(d) two electrons with opposite spin
BCECE-2005Na2O + 2H2O  → 2NaOH + H2O
Ans. (c) : Any orbital of any subshell can accommodate Na2S + 2H2O  → 2NaOH + H2S
a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins. 'P' Na2Se + 2H2O  → 2NaOH + H2Se
subshell have 3 orbitals (Px, Py, Pz). Each orbital can Na2Te + 2H2O  → 2NaOH + H2Te
accommodate two electrons with opposite spin. Hence, the order of neutralisation of NaOH is H2Te>
H2Se > H2S> H2O.
Their aqueous solution have the following order of
Therefore, P-orbitals in a given shell can accommodate basic character due to neutralization of NaOH with–
upto six electrons. Na2O > Na2S > Na2Se > Na2Te
92. In the periodic table metallic character of or (pH1) > (pH2) > (pH3) > (PH4)
elements shows one of the following trend: 95. Which one shows most pronounced inert pair
(a) Decreases down the group and increases effect?
across the period (a) Si (b) Sn
(b) Increases down the group and decreases (c) Pb (d) C
across the period J & K CET-(2004)
(c) Increases across the period and also down the Ans. (c) : Inert pair effect is observed in the elements of
group group 13 up to group 17. It can be defined as the
(d) Decreases across the period and also down inability of S electron inheavier P-block elements to
the group participate in bonding. The stability of oxidation states
JCECE - 2005 two units less than the maximum oxidation of a group
Ans. (b) : The effective nuclear charge acting on the increases down the group.
valence shell electrons increases across a period, the Inert pair effect is a result at poor shielding of d and f-
tendency to lose electrons will decreases. Down the orbital and filling of electron in Al does not involve any
group, the effective nuclear charge experienced by d or f-orbital.
valence electrons decrease because the outer most Thus, the Pd is most likely to show innert pair effect.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 261 YCT
96. The element with atomic number 12 belongs to Ans. (a) : The size of cation is small then their neutral
--- group and --- period. atom because it has less electrons while its nuclear
(a) IA, third (b) III A, third charge remains the same. So, the nucleus attracts the
(c) II A, third (d) II A, second electron more towards itself and leads to the decrease in
A.P.EAMCET 2001 size. Al3+ ion has smallest size.
Ans. (c) : Given 12 Z = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 • When an atom losses electrons, it results in the
The element is Mg, it belongs to the IIA group and third formation of positive ion known as cation.
period. • When an atom gains electrons, it results in the
formation of negative ion known as anion.
97. The electronic configuration of group XIII
elements is 102. One of the characteristic properties of non-
metals is that they
(a) ns1np 2 (b) ns 2 np3 (a) are reducing agents
(c) ns 2 np 2 (d) ns 2 np1 (b) form basic oxides
A.P.EAMCET 2000 (c) form cations by electron gain
Ans. (d) : The electronic configuration of group III (d) an electronegative
NEET-1993
element is ns 2 np1
Ans. (d) : Elements with a high electronegativity are
e.g- 5B, 13Al, 31Ga, 49In, 81Tl, 113Nh generally non-metals and electrical insulators and tend
98. Which of the following is the atomic number of to behave as oxidation in chemical reactions.
metal? Conversely, elements with a low electronegativity are
(a) 32 (b) 34 generally metals and good electrical conductor and tend
(c) 36 (d) 38 to behave as reductants in chemical reactions.
AIIMS-2000 103. Which one of the following has minimum value
Ans. (d): The atomic number 38 is metal and name is of cation/anion ratio?
Strontium, which is s-block element. All elements of s- (a) NaCl (b) KCl
block are metals. (c) MgCl2 (d) CaF2
On moving down the group, the size of the atom
NEET-1993
increases due to the increase in the number of shells.
Because of that the attraction between the nucleus and Ans. (c) : The given species potassium (K) has the
the valence electrons decreases. biggest size. The order of the ionic size is
K+>Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+.
99. Which group of periodic table contains no
metal? Hence, the ratio of cation and anion is Mg2+/Cl– has
(a) IA (b) IIIA minimum value of cation/anion ratio.
(c) VIIA (d) VIII 104. Which of the following sets has strongest
AIIMS-1999 tendency to form anions?
Ans. (c): The group VII A of halogens such as fluorine, (a) Ga, Ni, Tl (b) Na, Mg, Al
chlorine, bromine, iodine etc. (c) N, O, F (d) V, Cr, Mn
The word halogen means salt producing so halogen NEET-1993
react with metal to form salt and halogen family has no- Ans. (c) : Non-metal have very strong tendency to form
metals. anion whereas metals have tendency to form cation in
Group IA and III A contain mostly metals and group group of nitrogen, fluorine and oxygen. All elements are
VIII contains transition elements which are metals. non-metals but in other options metal are present. N, O
100. Among the following elements that has the and F are more electronegative element, so they accept
lowest first ionization potential is electrons more easily and form negative ions.
(a) nitrogen (b) oxygen 105. Which of the following has largest size?
(c) fluorine (d) neon (a) Na (b) Na+
–
A.P.EAMCET 1994 (c) Na (d) Can't be predicted.
Ans. (b) : 7 N = 1s 2 2s 2 2p3 NEET-1993
Ans. (c) : Na– is the largest because one extra electron
8O = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 is present which is not attracted strongly by the nucleus
2
9 F = 1s 2s 2 2p5 and no one electron is remove then the cation are
always smaller in size.
10 Ne = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 Hence, the decreasing order of the size of Na–>Na>Na+.
Nitrogen has half-filled orbital and Ne has filled orbital 106. Na+, Mg2+, Al3+ and Si4+ are isoelectronic. The
it show stable configuration but Oxygen has less stable order of their ionic size is
configuration and less nuclear charge. (a) Na+ > Mg2+ < Al3+ < Si4+
101. Which of the following has the smallest size? (b) Na+ < Mg2+ > Al3+ > Si4+
(a) Al3+ (b) F– (c) Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+ > Si4+
+
(c) Na (d) Mg2+ (d) Na+ < Mg2+ > Al3+ < Si4+
NEET-1994 NEET-1993
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 262 YCT
Ans. (c) : Atomic radii and atomic size decrease across Ans. (d) :
a period, cations are smaller size. Among isoelectronic Z nuclear charge
ions, the one with the larger positive nuclear charge will =
have a smaller radius. Hence, the largest species is Na+ e no. of electrons
When Z/e ratio decrease the size increase for
and the smallest one Si+4.
Therefore, the order of their ionic size are– Z 8
O2–, = = 0.8
Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+ > Si4+. e 10
107. In the periodic table from left to right in a Z 9
F–, = = 0.9
period, the atomic volume e 10
(a) decrease Z 11
(b) increase Na+, = = 1.1
e 10
(c) remains same
Z 12
(d) first decrease then increase Mg2+, = = 1.2
NEET-1993 e 10
Ans. (d) : In the periodic table the atomic size first Z 13
Al3+, = = 1.3
decrease from left to right in period, so the atomic e 10
volume first decreases and then increase because atomic Hence, the decreasing order of ionic radii of the element
size in last of any period increases. are–
The atomic volume of noble gases is comparatively O 2 − > F− > Na + > Mg 2+ > Al3+
larger as they have large Van der Waals radii due to
completed valence shell, with all electrons paired which 111. The ionic radii (in Å) of N3–, O2–, and F–
causes greater repulsion. respectively are
(a) 1.36, 1.40 and 1.71 (b) 1.36, 1.71 and 1.40
(c) 1.71, 1.40, and 1.36 (d) 1.71, 1.36 and 1.40
3. Atomic and Ionic Radii CG PET -2018
(JEE Main 2015)
108. The correct order of increasing ionic radii is J & K CET-(2003)
(a) Mg2+ < Na+ < F– < O2– < N3– Ans. (c) : Z/e increase then the atomic radii decreases.
(b) N3– < O2– < F– < Na+ < Mg2+ Hence, the ionic radii of N3–, O2– and F– are 1.71, 1.40
(c) F– < Na+ < O2– < Mg2+ < N3– º respectively.
(d) Na+ < F– < Mg2+ < O2– < N3– and 1.36 A
JEE Main-27.06.2022, Shift-II 112. Ionic radii are
Ans. (a) : Ionic radii is the distance from the nucleus up (a) inversely proportional to effective number
to which it has influence on its electron bond. charge
The ionic radii of isoelectronic species increases with a (b) inversely proportional to square of effective
decreases in the magnitudes of nuclear charge. nuclear charge
So, The correct order of increasing ionic radii is Mg2+ < (c) directly proportional to effective nuclear
– charge
Na+ < F < O2– < N3–. (d) directly proportional to square of effective
109. Decreasing size of ions is : nuclear charge
(a) I > I− > I + (b) I − > I > I + JCECE – 2008, NEET-2004
(c) I + > I − > I (d) I > I+ > I − UPTU/UPSEE-2007
CG PET -2007, BCECE-2005 Ans. (a) : Ionic radii varies with effective nuclear
MPPET-2000, NEET-1996 charge (Zeff) and screening effects.
PBCET-1986 Ionic radii is inversely proportional to the effective
Ans. (b) : When an atom added electron then the nuclear charge as if the radii increases nuclear
subshell are added and size is increases. When an atom attractions decreases gradually.
are remove electron then subshell are removed and size 1
is decrease. rionic = ∝
Zeff
So, the decreasing order of size are –
I– > I > I+ 113. Due to lanthanoid contraction ….…….
elements exhibit similar radii.
110. The correct sequence which shows decreasing (a) Zn and Hg (b) Zr and Hf
order of the ionic radii of the elements is
(c) Zr and Y (d) Ag and Cd
(a) Al3+ > Mg 2 + > Na + > F− > O 2 − NEET-2021
(b) Na + > Mg 2 + > Al3+ > O 2 − > F− JCECE - 2018
(c) Na + > F− > Mg 2+ > O 2 − > Al3+ Ans. (b) : Due to lanthanoid contraction, Zr and Hf
elements exhibit similar radii. This contraction came
(d) O 2 − > F− > Na + > Mg 2+ > Al3+ into effect due to the poor shielding of 4f electrons
JEE Main-04.09.2020, Shift-I because of the poor shielding effect, the attraction on
JEE Main-05.09.2020, Shift-II the electrons by the nucleus increases and hence, radius
AIEEE 2010, J&K CET-1997 decreases.

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 263 YCT

114. Which of the following orders of ionic radii is 1
correctly represented? size of ion ∝
(a) H– > H > H+ (b) Na+ > F– > O2– nuclear charge
– 2–
(c) F > O > Na +
(d) Al3+ > Mg2+ > N3– Hence, the order are –
N3–>O2–> F–> Na+
NEET-2014
Karnataka-CET-2018 118. Ce3+, La3+, Pm3+ and Yb3+ have ionic radii in
Ans. (a) : It is known that the radius of cation is always the increasing order as
smaller than that of a neutral atom due to decrease in (a) La 3+ < Ce3+ < Pm3+ < Yb3+
the number of orbits. Where as the radius of anion is (b) Yb3+ < Pm3+ < Ce3+ < La 3+
always greater than a cation due to decrease in effective
nuclear charge hence, the order are- (c) La 3+ < Ce3+ < Pm3+ < Yb3+
H– > H > H+ (d) Yb3+ < Pm3+ < La 3+ < Ce3+
115. The increasing order of the atomic radii of the [BITSAT-2005]
following elements is (AIEEE 2002)
(A) C (B) O Ans. (b) : Ionic radii decrease on moving along a
(C) F (D) Cl lanthanide series due to lanthanide contraction. As all
(E) Br ion are in +3 oxidation state.
(a) (A) < (B) < (C) < (D) < (E) Thus, the ionic radii follow the trend are–
(b) (C) < (B) < (A) < (D) < (E) Yb3+ < Pm3+ < Ce3+ < La 3+
(c) (D) < (C) < (B) < (A) < (E) 119. The correct order of ionic radius of nitrogen
(d) (B) < (C) < (D) < (A) < (E) family is
(JEE Main 2020, 8 Jan Shift-II) (a) N3−<P3− <As3−<Sb3−<Bi3−
JCECE-2008 (b) N3−<P3− <Sb3−
Ans. (b) : On moving from left to right in period atomic (c) P3− =As3−>Bi3−
radii decrease and moving from top to bottom in a (d) N3−> Bi3−>Sb3−
group atomic radii increases. Manipal-2020
∴Thus, the increasing order of atomic radii are– CG PET- 2015
F < O<C < Cl < Br Ans. (a) : On moving down top to bottom in a group
116. The set representing the correct order of ionic atomic radii increase due to new shell are added.
radius is Thus, the order of ionic radius of nitrogen family are –
(a) Li + > Be 2+ > Na + > Mg 2+ N3– < P3– < As3– < Sb3– < Bi3–
120. The correct order of radii is
(b) Na + > Li + > Mg 2+ > Be2+ (a) N < Be < B (b) F– < O2– < N3–
(c) Li 2+ > Na + > Mg 2+ > Be2+ (c) Na < Li < K (d) Fe3+ < Fe2+ < Fe4+
BITSAT 2011
(d) Mg 2+ > Be2+ > Li + > Na + J & K CET-(2004)
UPTU/UPSEE-2015 Ans. (b) : Effective nuclear charge (i.e. Z/e ratio)
(AIEEE 2009) decreases from F– to N3–. Hence, the radii follows the
Ans. (b) : Ionic radii increases when moving down the order : F– < O2– < N3–. Z/e for F– = 9/10 = 0.9, for O2– =
group and its decrease as the positive charge on the 8/10 = 0.8, for N3– = 0.7
element increases due to effective nuclear charge. In the 121. The ions O 2– , F – , Na+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ are
cation, number of electrons are less than number of
isoelectronic. Their ionic radii show :
protons, hence its effective nuclear charge increase and
(a) A decrease from O2– to F– and then increase
ionic radii decrease.
from Na+ to Al3+
The correct order of ionic radii– (b) A significant increase from O2– to Al3+
Na + > Li + > Mg 2+ > Be 2+ (c) A significant decrease from O2– to Al3+
95 76 31
72 (d) An increase from O2– to F– and then decrease
Ionic radii (pm) from Na+ to Al3+
3− 2− − +
117. The ionic radii of N ,O , F and Na follow BITSAT 2013, NEET-2003
the order Ans. (c) : Amongst isoelectronic species, ionic radii of
(a) N3− > O2− > F− > Na+ anion is more than that of cations. Further size of anion
(b) N3− > Na+ > O2− > F− increase with increase in –ve charge and size of cation
(c) Na+ > O2− > N3− > F− decrease with increase in +ve charge. Hence, ionic radii
2− −
(d) O > F > Na > N + 3− decreases from O2– to Al3+.
UPTU/UPSEE-2012 122. The radii of F, F– O and O2– are in the order
CG PET -2008, 2007 (a) O > F− > O > F
2−
(b) O 2− > F− > F > O
− 2−
Ans. (a) : When the isoelectronic species the number of (c) F > O > F > O (d) O 2− > O > F− > F
electron is increases the effective nuclear charge BITSAT 2005
decrease and size of ion increase. AP EAMCET (Medical) -1998

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 264 YCT

Ans. (a): F,F− ,O and O 2– are of the same period. As Ans. (a) : decreasing order of ionic radius of given
the number of anions increases of isolated atom, the size species is–
of anion increases because of extra addition of electron O2– > F– > Li+ > Mg+2
in outer orbital. The size of anions are in the order– On increasing –ve charge among the electronic species,
ionic radius increases.
O 2− > F− > O > F
128. Identify the correct order of ionic radii of the
123. Which of the following options represents the given species:
correct ionic radii in Å of N 3– , O 2– and F – , (a) Mn7+ > V5+ > Sc3+ > K+ > S2–
respectively? (b) S2– > K+ > Sc3+ > V5+ > Mn7+
(a) 1.71, 1.36 and 1.40 (b) 1.36, 1.40 and 1.71 (c) S2– > K+ > V5+ > Sc3+ > Mn7+
(c) 1.71, 1.40 and 1.36 (d) 1.40, 1.36 and 1.71 (d) K+ > S2– > Sc3+ > V5+ > Mn7+
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 06.08.2021 AP EAPCET 25.08.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (c): Species (ion) – Ionic radii (Å) Ans. (b) : Ionic radii is the distance between the
N3– – 1.71 nucleus and the electron in the outermost shell of an
O2– – 1.40 ions. Increasing the electron on an atom, increases the
ionic radii. Decrease the e– on an atom will be decrease
F– – 1.36
ionic radii. So the order is–
124. The ionic radius of Na+ ions is 1.02 Å. The ionic S2– > K+ > Sc3+ > V5+ > Mn7+
radii (in Å) of Mg2+ and Al3+, respectively, are
(a) 1.05 and 0.99 (b) 0.72 and 0.54 129. Assertion (A) : Beryllium and aluminum forms
(c) 0.85 and 0.99 (d) 0.68 and 0.72 Be F42− and Al F63− Reason(R) : Both B2+ and
[JEE Main-2021, 18 March Shift-I] Al3+ have almost same ionic radius
1 The correct option among the following is
Ans. (b) : Radius (r) ∝ (a) (A) is true, (R) is true and (R) is the correct
Zeffective
explanation for (A)
Where Z = Atomic number (b) (A) is true, (R) is true but (R) is not the
Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ correct explanation for (A)
Z = 11 Z = 12 Z = 13 (c) (A) is true but (R) is false
Each have 10 electron. (d) (A) is false but (R) is true
Therefore, the ionic radii of Mg2+ and Al3+ are 0.72 and TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-I
0.54 respectively. Ans. (a) : Beryllium and aluminum forms BeF4−2 and
125. Effective nuclear charge is Maximum in case
of_____ AlF63- and Be+2 and Al+3 have almost same ionic radius
(a) Lithium (b) Beryllium due to about same electronegativity, polarizing power
(c) Oxygen (d) Fluorine and charge/radius radio, of their ion.
AP EAPCET 24.08.2021 Shift-II 130. Which among the following compound shows
Ans. (d) : On going from left to right in a period the highest lattice energy?
effective nuclear charge is maximum. So, the fluorine (a) LiF (b) CsF
(F) has maximum effective nuclear charge. (c) NaF (d) KF
The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge AP EAPCET 23-08-2021 Shift-I
experienced by valence electrons. Ans. (a) : According to Born-Lande equation-
Zeff. = Z– S N Mz + z − e 2  1 
Where Z = Atomic number U= A 1 − 
4πε 0 r  n 
S = Number of shielding electrons.
Lattice energy is inversely proportional to radius of ion.
126. Which among the following property increases, So, smaller the size of ions, larger the magnitude of
as we move down group–I of the periodic charges, and having the highest lattice energy. Hence,
table? LiF has maximum lattice energy.
(a) Electronegativity (b) Ionic radius 131. The ions S2–, Cl–, K+, Ca2+ are iso-electronic.
(c) Melting point (d) Ionization enthalpy Their ionic radii show ______
AP EAPCET-6 Sep. 2021, Shift-II (a) A decrease from S2– to Cl– and then increase
Ans. (b) : In periodic table when we move down the from K+ to Ca2+
group ionic radius increases due to the formation of new (b) An increase from S2– to Cl– and then decrease
shells. As atomic number increases, the number of from K+ to Ca2+
shells increases that’s why atomic radius of ionic radius (c) A significant decrease from S2– to Ca2+
also increases. (d) A significant increase from S2– to Ca2+
127. Among the following ions, the one with the AP EAPCET 23-08-2021 Shift-I
highest value of ionic radius is Ans. (c) : The ions S2– , Cl– , K+ , Ca2+ are iso-
(a) O2– (b) Mg2+ electronic and their ionic radii decreases S2– to Ca2+
+
(c) L (d) L– respectively.
TS EAMCET 10.08.2021, Shift-II Hence, correct option is (c).

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 265 YCT

132. The ionic radii of F– and O2– respectively are 136. Two metals A and B having similar ionic radii,
1.33 Å and 1.4 Å while the covalent radius of N react with oxygen to give only monoxides and
is 0.74Å. The correct statement for the ionic react with nitrogen to give nitrides. Then, A
radius of N3– from the following is and B respectively are
(a) it is smaller than F– and N (a) Li and Na (b) Na and Ca
(b) it is bigger than O2– and F– (c) Li and Mg (d) Na and Be
(c) it is bigger than F– and N, but smaller than of AP EAMCET (Engg.) 17.09.2020 Shift-I
O2– Ans. (c) : Li+ among group - 1 metals and Mg2+ of
(d) it is smaller than O2– and F–, but bigger than group - 2 metals have similar ionic radii, because they
of N are diagonally present in the periodic table. The stable
(JEE Main 2021, 25 July Shift-II) monoxides (only) of Li and Mg are Li2O and MgO
respectively.
Ans. (b) : The ionic radii of F– and O2– respectively are
º and 1.4 A º while the covalent radius of N is 137. The atomic radius of Ag is closest to
1.33 A (a) Hg (b) Au
º , the ionic radius of N3– is bigger than O2– and F–
0.74 A (c) Ni (d) Cu
. The increasing order of ionic radii are F– < O2– < N3–. (JEE Main 2020, 7 Jan Shift-I)
133. The correct order of ionic radii for the ions, P3– Ans. (b) : The atomic radius of Ag is closest to Au because
, S2–, Ca2+, K+, Cl– is of lanthanide contraction, an increase in effective nuclear
(a) P3– > S2– > Cl– > K+ > Ca2+ charge and so, the size of Au instead of being greater as is
(b) Cl– > S2– > P3– > Ca2+ > K+ expected turns out be similar to that of Ag.
(c) P3– > S2– > Cl– > Ca2+ > K+ 138. Which of the following statement is correct
(d) K+ > Ca2+ > P3– > S2– > Cl– about "shielding effect" ?
(JEE Main 2021, 27 Aug Shift-II) 1. It is effective, when the orbitals in the inner
shells are completely filled.
Ans. (a) : For the isolectronic species ionic radii 2. Inner shells do not show any effect.
increases on adding the electron in shell are increase but 3. With increase of shielding down the group,
the on removing the electron the ionic radii decreases. ionisation energy increases.
Hence, the decreasing order of ionic radii are– 4. With increasing nuclear charge, the shielding
P3– > S2– > Cl– > K+ > Ca2+ effect increases.
134. In general, the property (magnitudes only) that (a) 1 (b) 2
shows an opposite trend in comparison to other (c) 3 (d) 4
properties across a period is AP EAMCET (Engg.) 18.09.2020, Shift-I
(a) electronegativity Ans. (a) : 1. Shielding effect is effective, when orbitals
(b) electron gain enthalpy in the inner shells are completely filled. So, statement
(c) ionisation enthalpy (1) is correct.
(d) atomic radius 2. Inner shells are show effect. So, statement 2 is
(JEE Main 2020, 2 Sep Shift-I) incorrect.
Ans. (d) : Electronegativity, Electron gain enthalpy and 3. Shielding effect as well as ionisation energy
Ionisation enthalpy increases across a period but atomic decrease down the group. So, statement 3 is
radius decreases. incorrect.
4. With increase in nuclear charge, shielding effect
135. The difference between the radii of 3rd and 4th decreases. So, statement 4 is incorrect.
orbits of Li2+ is ∆R1. The difference between the 139. Find the correct order of the given elements
radii of 3rd and 4th orbits of He+ is ∆R2. Ratio with respect to their size
∆R1 : ∆R2 is (a) Zn > Fe > Fe2+ > Fe3+
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 8 : 3 (b) Fe2+ > Fe3+ > Zn > Fe
(c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 8 (c) Fe > Fe2+ > Fe3+ > Zn
[JEE Main 2020, 5 Sep Shift-I] (d) Zn > Fe3+ > Fe2+ > Fe
Ans. (c) : Given that AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-II
0.529 2 Ans. (a) : Zn atomic radii is 137 pm.
∆R1 = (R4 – R3)Li + 2 = (4 – 32) Fe atomic radii is 126 pm.
3
Fe3+ ionic radius is 63 pm.
0.529 Fe2+ has an ionic radius of 77 pm.
= ×7
3 Thus, the correct order of their size is–
0.529 2 Zn > Fe > Fe2+ > Fe3+
∆R2 = (R4 – R3)He + 2 = (4 – 32)
2 Hence, the correct option is (a).
0.529 140. The correct order of the atomic radii of C, Cs,
= ×7 Al and S is
2
∆R1 0.529 × 7 2 ∆R 1 2 (a) C < S < Al < Cs (b) C < S < Cs < Al
∴ = × or = (c) S < C < Cs < Al (d) S < C < Al < Cs
∆R 2 3 0.529 × 7 ∆R 2 3 (JEE Main 2019, 11 Jan Shift-I)
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 266 YCT
Ans. (a) : On moving from left to right in a period This is repel already present 1s electron. Hence,
atomic radii decreases and the moving from top to repulsion will increase the atomic radius.
bottom in a group atomic radii increases. In Fe, Co, Ni and Cu have nearly balance each other
∴The order of increasing atomic radii are– keeping the atomic radius same.
C < S < Al < Cs 146. What is the correct increasing order of ionic or
170 180 184 300
Atomic radii (pm) atomic radii in the following?
141. For which of the following ionic species radius (a) Si4+ < P5+ < S6+ < Cl7+
would be maximum? (b) P5+ < Si4+< Cl7+ < S6+
(a) C 4–
(b) N 3–
(c) Cl7+ < S6+< P5+ < Si4+
(c) O2– (d) Mg2+ (d) S6+ < P5+ < Cl7+ < Si4+
AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Evening) J & K CET-(2018)
Ans. (a) : Among the isoelectronic species ionic radius Ans. (c) : For
increase with increase in negative charge or decrease in Si = 14, Si4+ = 10e–
positive charge. P = 15, P+5 = 10e–
Therefore, the order of ionic radius maximum in C4– S = 16, S+6 = 10e–
and increasing order of ionic radius are–
Mg2+ < O2– < N3– < C4– Cl = 17, Cl+7 = 10e–
142. The correct order of atomic radii is 1
Ionic radii ∝
(a) Ho > N > Eu > Ce (b) N > Ce > Eu > Ho charge
(c) Eu > Ce > Ho > N (d) Ce > Eu > Ho > N Greater the charge ionic radii decrease
(JEE Main 2019, 12 Jan Shift-II) Hence, the increasing order of ionic radii are-
Ans. (c) : The atomic radii follows the order Cl7+ < S6+< P5+ < Si4+
Eu > Ce > Ho > N 147. The energy and radius of electron present in
199pm 183pm 176pm 70pm
second orbit of He+ respectively are
143. Which has least covalent radius? (a) –1.09 × 10–18 J, 105.8 pm
(a) Mn (b) Cu (b) –8.72 × 10–18 J, 211.6 pm
(c) Zn (d) Ni (c) –4.36 × 10–18 J, 52.9 pm
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
(d) –2.18 × 10–18 J, 105.8 pm
Ans. (d): Covalent radius of an atom denotes half of the
AP EAMCET-2017
internuclear distance between the atoms of the +
monoatomic species. Ans. (d): For He : Z = 2
It is different from ionic and atomic radius. It depends Z2
on the bond order of the compound formed by the For n = 2 En = – 2.18 × 10–18 2
covalent bonding. n
Hence, the covalent radius in Pm are– –18 4
En = –2.18 × 10 ×
Ni < Cu < Zn = Mn 4
125 128 137 137 En = – 2.18 × 10–18 Joule
So, the least covalent radius is Ni.
n2
144. The increasing order of size for the ionic And rn = 52.9 × pm
species Na+ , F-, O2-, Mg2+ is Z
(a) Na+ < F- < O2– < Mg2+ 4
rn = 52.9 × = 105.8 pm
(b) Mg2+ < Na+ < F- < O2- 2
(c) O2- < Mg2+ < Na+ < F- Hence, the option (d) is correct.
(d) O2- < F- < Mg2+ < Na+ 148. The set representing the right order of ionic
Assam CEE-2019 radius is
Ans. (b) : Ionic size increase with the addition of (a) Li + > Na + > Mg 2 + > Be2 +
electrons and ionic size decreases with the loss of
electrons. It has high inter electrons repulsion due to (b) Mg 2+ > Be2 + > Li + > Na +
which it has the minimum size. The increasing order of
ionic size is Mg2+ < Na+ < F- < O2- < N3-. (c) Na + > Mg 2 + > Li + > Be2 +
They are iso-electronic species with same number of (d) Na + > Li + > Mg 2 + > Be2 +
electrons. Higher is the atomic number higher will be
the effective nuclear charge, lower will be the size. TS EAMCET-2017
145. Which set of elements have nearly the same Ans. (d) : On going down the group size increases and
atomic radii? charge of cation increases size decreases.
(a) Fe, Co, Ni, Cu (b) F,Cl, Br, I Na + > Li + > Mg 2 + > Be2 +
(c) Na, K, Rb, Cs (d) Li, Be, B, C
CG PET -2019 149. Atomic radius (pm) of Al, Si, N and F
respectively is
Ans. (a) : Fe, Co, Ni and Cu are belong to the 3rd
transition series in the same period. The atomic radii are (a) 117, 143, 64, 74 (b) 143, 117, 74, 64
not vary because of the extra screening by the 3d (c) 143, 47, 64, 74 (d) 64, 74, 117, 143
electrons with increasing by the additional protons. TS EAMCET-2017

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 267 YCT

Ans. (b) : Nitrogen and Fluorine belong to second Ans. (c) : Zr4+ and Hf4+ belonging to the same group of
period. Al and Si are belong to 3rd period. The size of second and third transition series is due to the effect of
element decreases from left to right in a period. lanthanide contraction.
Hence the decreasing order of atomic radius is – 155. Atomic radii of which metals are same?
Al > Si > N > F (a) Cr, Mn, Cu (b) Cr, Fe, Co
143 117 74 64 (pm) (c) Sc, Ti, Zn (d) V, Ni, Cr
150. The ion having the highest mobility in aqueous CG PET- 2015
solution is Ans. (a) : Atomic radius is inversely proportional to
(a) Ba2+ (b) Mg2+ the effective nuclear charge.
(c) Ca2+ (d) Be2+ On moving from left to right in a period the effective
CG PET -2017 nuclear charge increases, the number of electron in the
Ans. (a) : Larger the size of cation, less hydrated. 3d sub-shell will increases. This repel the already
Hence, it show higher mobility in aqueous solution. present 4s electrons. Hence, Cr, Mn and Cu are nearly
Among the given species Ba2+ ion has largest. size, so balance the atomic radius same.
hydrate to smaller extent and show highest mobility. 156. Decrease in ionic size in a period is observed in
Be2+ < Mg2+ < Ca2+ < Ba2+ (a) actinides (b) lanthanides
151. The ionic species having the largest size is (c) both (a) and (b) (d) transition elements
(a) Li+(g) (b) Rb+(aq) SRMJEEE – 2014
(c) Li+(aq) (d) Cs+(aq) Ans. (c) : Actinides and Lanthanides decrease in ionic
CG PET -2017 size in a period is observed because increase in atomic
Ans. (c) : Concept used number and the atomic size increases which attracts the
Z outermost shell more effectively then they gradual
(i) In gaseous state, more the value of , smaller is the decrease in atomic and ionic radii.
e 157. The increasing order of the atomic radius of Si,
size of ion. S, Na, Mg, Al is
(ii) In aqueous solution i.e. in hydrated- state, Smaller (a) S < Si < Al < Mg < Na
the gaseous ion, more it get hydrated and therefore more (b) Na < Al < Mg < S < Si
+
is its size. Among given options Li (g) has smallest,
(c) Na < Mg < Si < Al < S
size, so it hydrates to large extent and its size becomes
largest. Therefore, Li(aq) has the largest, size. (d) Na < Mg < Al < Si < S
AP-EAMCET (Engg.) - 2014
152. Arrange the following as per increasing order
Ans. (a) : All these elements belong to the third period
of ionic size Mg 2+ ,O 2− , Na + , F− , N 3− of periodic table, on moving from left to right in a
(a) N 3− < O 2− < F− < Na + < Mg 2+ period, effective nuclear charge increase due to atomic
2− − 2+ + radius decreases.
(b) O < F < N < Mg < Na3
The order is Na > Mg > Al > Si > S
(c) Na + < Mg 2+ < O 2− < N 3− < F− 158. Which of the following series of elements have
(d) Mg 2+ < Na + < F− < O 2− < N 3− nearly the same atomic radii?
CG PET -2017 (a) F, Cl, Br, l (b) Na, K, Rb, Cs
(c) Li, Be, B, C (d) Fe, Co, Ni, Cu
Ans. (d) : All the given ions are isoelectronic as they
JCECE - 2014
contain same number of electrons. For isoelectronic
species, Ans. (d) : These are transition metals with the (n–
1)d1–10ns1–2 configuration. The atomic and ionic radii of
1
Ionic radius ∝ transition elements in a given series show a decreasing
atomic number trend for first five elements and then becomes almost
3− 2− − + 2+ constant for next five elements.
Ion N O F Na Mg
159. Atomic number of Na = 11; Mg = 12; Al = 13.
atomic number 7 8 9 11 12 Among Na+, Na, Mg, Mg2+ and Al3+, the
Hence, the correct increasing order of ionic size is smallest and the biggest are respectively
2+ +
Mg < Na < F < O < N − 2− 3− (a) Na; Na+ (b) Mg2+; Na
+ 2+
(c) Na ; Mg (d) Al3+; Na
153. The atom of largest size among the following is SRMJEEE – 2013
(a) Li (b) At Ans. (d) : Number of positive charge on element
(c) I (d) Be increases, size decreases. Hence the order of increasing
J & K CET-(2016) size Al+3 < Mg2+ < Na+ < Na
Ans. (a) : Atom Li Be I At Smallest size Al+3 and biggest size Na.
Atom radii (pm) 152 112 113 140 160. The correct order of atomic radius of Li, Be
154. Which of the following pairs has the same size? and B is
(a) Fe2+, Ni2+ (b) Zr4+, Ti4+ (a) B > Be > Li (b) B > Li > Be
(c) Zr4+, Hf4+ (d) Zn2+, Hf4+ (c) Li > B > Be (d) Li > Be > B
COMEDK-2015 AP EAMCET (Medical) - 2013
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 268 YCT
Ans. (d) : In the period, when we move left to right then
the size of atomic radius decreases and there is the one
electron add in the same shell due to this enhanced
nuclear charge. The electrons of all the shells are pulled
little closer to the nucleous thereby making each
individual shell smaller and smaller. Thus, the correct
decreasing order of atomic radius is: Li > Be > B.
161. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Radius of Ca2+ < Cl– < S2–
(b) Radius of Cl– < S2– < Ca2+
(c) Radius of S2– = Cl– = Ca2+
(d) Radius of S2– < Cl– < Ca2+
WB-JEE-2012
Ans. (a) : For the given species are isoelectronic having
the same number of electron are present.
1 In case of Ca, the electron is entering in higher shell.
Ionic radii ∝
Zeff
Hence, the increasing order of radius are-
Ca2+ < Cl– < S2–
162. Consider the following ions:
1. Na+
2. Al3+
3. Si4+
In naturally occurring zeolites which of the
above ions are present?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
SCRA 2012
Ans. (d) : Natural zeolites are non-porus, amorphous
and durable. Na+, Al3+, and Si4+ are some of the
naturally occurring zeolites.
163. Consider the following statements.
I. The radius of an anion is larger than that of
the parent atom.
II. The ionization energy generally increases 166. Which–of the following is the largest
with increasing atomic number in a period.
III. The electronegativity of an element is the
tendency of an isolated atom to attract an
electron.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) only I (b) only II
(c) I and II (d) II and III
AIIMS-2012 decrease
Ans. (c): Ionisation energy is increases from left to right
in a period generally due to increase in the nuclear 167. There is a general understanding of ionic
charge and decrease in the atomic radii in a period. The
radius of an anion is larger than that charge decrease
when an electron is added to an atom. The anion
becomes larger than the corresponding atom.
The electronegativity of an element is the tendency of
an atom in a compound to attract a pair of bonded
electrons towards itself. The tendency to attract an
electron of an isolated atom is measured by electron
affinity.
164. Among the elements Ca, Mg, P and Cl, the are decrease with the increase in the magnitude of
order of increasing radii is
(a) Mg < Ca < Cl < P (b) Cl < P < Mg < Ca
(c) P < Cl < Ca < Mg (d) Ca < Mg < P < Cl
VITEEE- 2012
Objective Chemistry Volume-I
Ans. (b) : Atomic radii increases, as the number of
shells increases. Thus, on moving down a group atomic
radii increases.
The electronic configuration of the given element is
12 Mg = [Ne]3s
2
Ca = [Ar]4s 2
20
15 P = [Ne]3s 2 3p 3
17 Cl = [Ne]3s 3p
2 5
On the other hand, on increasing the number of electron
in the same shell, the atomic radii decreases because
effective nuclear charge is increases.
In Mg, P and Cl, the number of electrons are increasing
in the same shell, thus the order of their atomic radii is
Cl < P < Mg
So, its atomic radii is highest.
Thus, the order of radii is
Cl < P < Mg < Ca
165. The increasing order of the ionic radii of the
given isoelectronic species is
(a) Cl− , Ca 2+ , K + ,S2 (b) S2− , Cl− , Ca 2+ , K +
(c) Ca 2+ , K + , Cl− ,S2 −
(d) K + ,S2 − , Ca 2 + , Cl−
(AIEEE 2012)
Ans. (c) : The species (atoms/molecules) is negatively
charged, as an additional electron occupies an outer
orbital, there is increased in electron electron repulsion
because the protons in the ion cannot pull the extra
electron towards the nucleus then decreased effective
nuclear charge.
Therefore, the ionic radii increased. The increasing
order of the ionic radii of the given isoelectromic
species are-
Ca 2+ , K + , Cl− ,S2 −
in size?
(a) Cl (b) S2–
(c) Na+ (d) F–
J & K CET-(2011)
Ans. (b) : All these ion contain 18 electron each so
these are isoelectronic. For isoelectronic ions smaller
the positive nuclear charge greater is the size of the ion
decrease and greater the negative charge nuclear charge
hence the size of ion is large.
So, S2– has largest in size.
radius based on the nuclear charges and the
number of electrons surrounding the nucleus
which generally works very well. Which one of
the following represents the correct decreasing
order of ionic radius for C4-, N3–, O2– and F–?
(a) C4– > N3– > O2– > F– (b) F– > O2– >N3– > C4–
(c) O2– > N3– > C4– > F– (d) F– > N3– > C4– > O2–
UPTU/UPSEE-2011
Ans. (a) : For the given species are isoelectronic having
the same number of electron are present. The ionic radii
nuclear charge because the force of attraction by the
nucleus on the electrons also increases. Thus, the
correct decreasing order of ionic radii.
C4–, N3–, O2–, F–
269 YCT
168. Which ion has the lowest radius from the and metallic radius > covalent radius. Thus Br has the
following ions? smallest atomic radius.
(a) Na+ (b) Mg2+ Atom Na K Br Li
3+
(c) Al (d) Si4+ Atom size(pm) 186 226 114 152
JCECE - 2011 174. Difference between S and S2– as S2– has
Ans. (d) : Ionic radii varies inversely with nuclear (a) larger radii and larger size
charge. Higher the nuclear charge, smaller is the ionic (b) smaller radii and larger size
radii. Since, Si4+ has the highest nuclear charge among (c) larger radii and smaller size
the given, so it has lowest ionic radii. (d) smaller radii and smaller size
169. Which of the following sets will have highest BCECE-2008
hydration enthalpy and highest ionic radius? Ans. (a) : The radii of anion is always larger than the
(a) Na and Li (b) Li and Rb atomic radii of its original atom. In an anion as electron
(c) K and Na (d) Cs and Na are added to the neutral atom the nuclear charge acts
AMU – 2010 more electron so that each electron is held less tightly
Ans. (b) : Smaller the size, greater is the hydration and electron clouds are expand.
enthalpy. So, Li will have highest hydration enthalpy. Thus, S2– has larger radii and larger size.
Down the group ionic radius increases, so Rb will have 175. Al3+ has a lower ionic radius than Mg2+ because
highest ionic radius. (a) Mg atom has less number of neutrons than Al
170. What type of structure does (NPCl2)4 Have? (b) Al3+ has a higher nuclear charge than Mg2+
(a) Linear (b) Hexagonal (c) their electronegativities are different
(c) Cyclic (d) Polymeric (d) Al has a lower ionisation potential than Mg
AMU – 2010 atom.
SRMJEEE – 2007
Ans. (c) : Phosphonitrilic compounds are known as
phosphazenes. Their general formula is (NPCl2)n. Ans. (b) : Al3+ has a lower ionic radius than Mg2+
because Al3+ has higher nuclear charge than Mg2+.
176. Which is the correct order of size of O–, O2–, F
and F–?
(a) O2– > F– > O– > F (b) O2– > F– > F > O–
(c) O– > O2– > F > F– (d) O2– > O– > F– > F
SRMJEEE – 2007
Ans. (d) : As negative charge of ions increases, outer
171. Which one of the following ions has the highest electron will be at a greater distance from the nucleus,
value of ionic radius? hence the greater in size.
(a) O2– (b) B3+ The order of size of given ions is O 2 − > O − > F− > F.
+
(c) Li (d) F– 177. Increase in atomic size down the group is due
BITSAT 2009 to
Ans. (a) : The ionic radii follows the order (a) increase in number of electrons
O 2− > F− > Li + > B3+ (b) increase in number of protons and neutrons
172. Atomic radii of Ti, Zr and Hf vary (c) increase in number of protons
(a) Ti> Zr > Hf (b) Ti < Zr < Hf (d) increase in number of protons, neutrons and
(c) Ti < Hf < Zr (d) Ti < Zr=Hf electrons
CG PET -2009 UP CPMT-2007
Ans. (a) : In a given group, atomic size increases due to
Ans. (d) : As we move down a group from top to
addition of extra shell which outweighs the effect of
bottom, radii increase but Zr and Hf have almost same
increased nuclear charge. Number of electron increase
radius due to poor shielding of f-orbitals. The atomic with increases in addition of extra shell.
radii of 4d and 5d transition element are nearly same. Hence, increase in atomic size down the group is due to
This similarity in size is consequence of lanthanide increase in number of electron.
contraction. Because of this lanthanide contraction the
radii of HF becomes nearly equal to that of Zr. 178. Which of the following has largest ionic radius?
Hence, the order are– (a) Cs+ (b) Li+
+
Ti < Zr = Hf (c) Na (d) K+
BCECE-2006
173. The atom of smallest atomic radius among the
Ans. (a) : Atomic and ionic radii increase from top to
following is
bottom in a group due to adding of shell at every step.
(a) Na (b) K Therefore, Cs+ ion has largest ionic radius among the
(c) Br (d) Li given ions.
J & K CET-(2009) o
Ans. (c) : When on moving in period from left to right 179. Atomic radii of F and Ne, in A, are given by :
atomic radius decreases. While in a group atomic radius (a) 0.72, 0.71 (b) 0.72, 1.6
increases from top to bottom. The radius of alkali metal (c) 1.6, 1.58 (d) 0.71, 0.72
is metallic radius and that of halogens is cavalent radius BCECE-2006
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 270 YCT
Ans. (b) : Atomic radii is the total distance from the Ans. (d) : The given species are F– (I), Na+ (II) and N3–
nucleus of an atom of the outermost orbital of its (III). These are iso-electronic species. As the –ve charge
electron. are increases in the element then the size of anion
On moving from left to right in a period generally increases. More the –ve charge more will be size of
atomic radii decrease due to increase in the effective element. Hence the correct increasing order of ionic
nuclear charge with increase in atomic number. sizes are- II < I < III
And on moving down in the group shells are increases 184. Which of the following order is correct for the
resulting in a large size. size of Fe3+, Fe and Fe2+ ?
Thus, the atomic radii of fluorine and neon in are 0.75Å (a) Fe < Fe 2+ < Fe3+ (b) Fe 2+ < Fe3+ < Fe
and 1.60 Å respectively.
(c) Fe < Fe3+ < Fe2 + (d) Fe3+ < Fe2 + < Fe
180. Consider the following abbreviations for AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2004
hydrated alkali ions. Ans. (d) : The species are Fe3+, Fe and Fe2+. The atom
X=[Li(H2O)n]+; Y=[K(H2O)n]+; Z=[Cs(H2O)n]+ contains more the +ve charge, less the size of metal.
Which is the correct order of size of these The more electrostatic force act in small size of metal.
hydrated alkali ions? Hence, the correct order of ionic sizes are – Fe3+ < Fe2+
(a) X > Y > Z (b) Z > Y > X < Fe.
(c) X = Y = Z (d) Z > X > Y 185. Which of the following has largest size?
J & K CET-(2006) (a) A1 (b) A1+ (c) A12+ (d) A13+
Ans. (a) : For the given hydrated alkali ions– CG PET -2004
X= [Li(H2O)n]+ Ans. (a) : The atom contain more the +ve charged less
Y= [K(H2O)n]+ the size of metal. The more electrostatic force act in
Z= [Cs(H2O)n]+ small size of metal. Hence, the largest size is Al.
charge So, the decreasing order of size are –
Hydrated ion radii ∝ solution ∝ Al > Al+ > Al2+ > Al+3
radius
o 186. Which one of the following ions has the highest
181. The ionic radii (A) of C4– and O2– respectively value of ionic radius ?
are 2.60 and 1.40. The ionic radius of the (a) Li+ (b) B3+ (c) O2– (d) F–
isoelectronic ion N3– would be (AIEEE 2004)
(a) 2.6 (b) 1.71 Ans. (c) : Z/e ratio increases the size decreases and
(c) 1.4 (d) 0.95 when Z/e ratio decrease the size increases.
J & K CET-(2006) nuclear charge
Z/e =
Ans. (b) : For the ionic radii of isoelectronic ions no. of electrons
decrease with the increase in the magnitude of the + 3
nuclear charge. For Li , Z/e = = 1.5
2
So, decreasing order of ionic radii is
5
C4– > N3– > O2– 3+
For B , Z/e = = 2.5
2.60 1.71 1.40(pm) 2
182. The most probable radius (in pm) for finding 8
For O2–, Z/e = = 0.8
the electron in He+ is 10
(a) 0.0 (b) 52.9 9
(c) 26.5 (d) 105.8 For F–, Z/e = = 0.9
10
AIIMS-2005 2–
Therefore, O has highest value of ionic radius
Ans. (c) : Given that : 187. The atomic size of cerium and promethium is
For He+ (Z) = 2 quite close, due to:
Number of shell (n) = 1 (a) they are in same period in periodic table
we know that (b) their electronic configuration is same
59.2n 2 (c) f-electrons have poor shielding effect
Bohr’s radius (rn) = pm (d) nuclear charge is higher on cerium than
Z promethium
Where n = number of shell JCECE - 2004
Z = atomic number
Ans. (c) : For the lanthanide is the contraction of the
59.2 × 12 atomic size with increase in atomic number called as
rn = = 26.45 pm
2 lanthanide contraction while moving along the
183. Identify the correct order in which the ionic lanthanide series from Ce58 to Lu71, a regular decrease
radius of the following ions increases: in the size of the atom/ion and an increase in atomic
(I) F– (II) Na+ (III) N3– number. This decrease in size is called as lanthanide
contraction. Lanthanide contraction take place due to
(a) III, I, II (b) I, II, III imperfect shielding of electron which increase by one
(c) II, III, I (d) II, I, III by one more sub shell so, due to f-electrons have
AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2005 shielding effect.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 271 YCT
188. Consider the ions K+, S2–, Cl– and Ca2+. The 192. Which of the following has least ionic radius?
radii of these ionic species follow the order: (a) I+ (b) I3+ (c) I5+ (d) I7+
(a) Ca 2+ > K + > Cl – > S2- J & K CET-(2001)
– 2-
(b) Cl > S > K > Ca + 2+ 1
Ans. (d) : Ionic radii ∝
(c) Ca > Cl > K > S
2+ – 2- charge
More is the positive charge smaller the size of ion.
(d) K > S > Cl > Ca
+ 2- – 2+
So, the least ionic radius is I7+.
(e) S > Cl > K > Ca
2- – + 2+
193. Of the metals Be, Mg, Ca and Sr of group 2 in
Kerala-CEE-2004 the periodic table, the least ionic chloride will
be formed by
1
Ans. (e) Ionic radii ∝ (a) Be (b) Ca (c) Mg (d) Sr
charge J & K CET-(2000)
The charge of species is increases then the ionic radii Ans. (a) : Beryllium chlorides are covalent in nature.
will be decreases hence the decreasing order of the ionic This is due to the small size and high charge density of
radii will be- Be2+ ion i.e., it has high polarising power. However, the
2– – + 2+ halides of the other alkaline earth metals are ionic
S > Cl > K > Ca
189. Which one of the following is expected to have solids. 2–
largest size? 194. O and Si4+ are isoelectronic ions. If the ionic
(a) F – (b) O2– radius of O2– is 1.4 Å, the ionic radius of Si4+
(c) Al 3+
(d) N 3– will be
UPTU/UPSEE-2004 (a) 1.4 Å (b) 0.41Å
1 (c) 2.8Å (d) 1.5 Å
Ans. (d) : Radius ∝
Z A.P.EAMCET 1999
All the ions are isoelectronic but they have different Ans. (b) : Given that, O2- and Si4+ are isoelectronic ions
size due to different values of Z. In, Na+, O2–, N3–, F–, i.e. 10 e–.
the number of electron 10. 1
e Nuclear charge ∝
Thus greater the value of greater the size of iso- ionic radius
Z ∴ Nuclear charge for Si is larger, so it should be less
electronic species. Hence N3– is largest in size. than 1.4Å.
° 195. Of the following, the one with largest size is
190. The radius of hydrogen atom is 0.53 A . The (a) Cl– (b) Ar
2+
radius of 3 Li is of (c) K+ (d) Ca2+
° ° A.P.EAMCET 1997
(a) 1.27 A (b) 0.17 A Ans. (a) : Cl–, Ar, K+ and Ca2+ have isoelectronic
(c) 0.57 A
° °
(d) 0.99 A species and each have 18e–. The size of atom decreases
–
UP CPMT-2003 with increase in nuclear charge. The Cl ion has the
least nuclear charge among the given. Hence, it has
Ans. (b) : largest size.
2
n 196. Which of the following, the one with largest
Radius of nth orbit = × 0.53
Z size is:
where n = number of orbit (a) Cl − (b) Ar
and Z = atomic number = 3 (c) K+ (d) Ca2+
∴ In 3Li , no. of electrons = 1
2+ AP – EAMCET - (Medical)-1997
(1) × 0.53
2 Ans. (a) : Chloride ion has more ionic radius than Ar,
∴ Radius= K+ and Ca2+. When the electrons are added in the outer
3 most orbit, the attractive force of the nucleus on the
0.53 o electron decreases. So that after adding electron or in
= = 0.17 A case of –ve ion the ionic radius increases.
3
197. The pair of elements that have similar chemical
191. Which of thr following is thr smallest anion? properties are
(a) O2– (b) S2– (a) beryllium and boron
– –
(c) Cl (d) Br (b) aluminium and magnesium
J & K CET-(2002) (c) carbon and nitrogen
Ans. (a) : O is belong the second period and S2–, Cl–
2–
(d) lithium and magnesium
belong the third period and Br– belong to the fourth A.P.EAMCET 1996
period on moving from top to bottom in a group atomic Ans. (d) : Lithium and magnesium are similar chemical
radii increase. properties, since they have same electronegativity.
Hence, the O2– is the smallest anion. Lithium and magnesium show diagonal relationship.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 272 YCT
198. If a neutral atoms is converted into a cation, Ans. (a) : Atomic radius decrease in a period from left
then its to right. So, the Kr nucleus has lesser radius than that of
(a) atomic weight increases Ba.
(b) size increases 203. Which of the following does not represent the
(c) atomic weight decreases correct order of the property indicated?
(d) size decreases (a) Sc3+ > Cr 3+ > Fe3+ > Mn 3+ − ionic radii
AIIMS-1996
(b) Sc < Ti < Cr < Mn − density
Ans. (d): A cation is formed when a neutral atom loses
electrons from the outermost shell. (c) Mn 2+ > Ni 2+ > Co 2+ < Fe 2+ − ionic radii
Cation with a more positive charge has less ionic radii (d) FeO < CaO < MnO < CuO − basic nature
because the more nuclear charge is experienced by the VITEEE, 2014
electron. Anion has more negative charge having the
more ionic radii. Ans. (a) : The correct order of ionic radii is
When cation is formed, there is no change in the atomic Cr3+ > Mn3+ > Fe3+ > Sc3+.
number of the element, only the number of electron 204. Which has the smallest size?
change. Hence the neutral atom is converted into cation, (a) Na+ (b) Mg2+
3+
there is a decreases in size. (c) Al (d) P5+
199. In the P3–, S2– and Cl - ions, the increasing JEE Main, 30.11.2020
order of size is Ans. (d) : The smallest size is P5+ because having
(a) S2– < Cl– < P3– (b) Cl– < S2– < P3– maximum nuclear charge per electron. When nuclear
7– 3–
(c) S < P < Cl –
(d) P3– < S2– <Cl– charge increases then atomic size decreases.
AIIMS-1996
Ans. (b): We know that phosphorus belong to VA 4. Electro Negativity
group, sulphur belongs to VIA group and chlorine
belong to VII A group. 205. Correct order of electronegativeity is:
The atomic size is decrease from left to right in a (a) F > O > Cl = N (b) F > Cl > O > N
period. (c) Cl > F > O < N (d) None of these
In isoelectronic species, the size of ions decreases as CG PET-22.05.2022
nuclear charge or atomic weight increases. Ans. (a) : Electronegativity – Electronegativity is the
Therefore, Cl– < S2– < P3– tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons
200. The radius of hydrogen atom in the ground toward itself.
state is 0.53 Å. The radius of Li2+ ion (atomic • We know that electronegativity simply increases
number = 3) in a similar state is from left to right in a period and decreases from to
(a) 0.53 Å (b) 1.06 Å down in a group.
(c) 0.17 Å (d) 0.236 Å So, option (a) is correct.
NEET-1995 F > O > Cl = N
Ans. (c) : Radius of Hydrogen atom in the ground state Therefore, electronegativity of Cl & N are 3 (same).
is 0.53 A° 206. The electronegativity of the following elements
increases in the order
∴ Atomic number of Li is 3 (a) C, N, Si, P (b) N, Si, C, P
r × n2 (c) Si, P, C, N (d) P, Si, N, C
Q Radius of Li2+ ion =
2 Kerala CEE-2018, Karnataka CET-2017
0.53 × 12 Assam CEE-2014, UPCPMT-2012
= = 0.17A ° BITSAT 2005
3 J&K CET-1999
201. Which one of the following is the largest ion? Ans. (c) : Si and P are in the 3rd period while C and N
(a) Na+ (b) Mg2+ are in the 2nd period. Elements in 2nd period have higher
2–
(c) O (d) F– electronegativities than those in the 3rd period. Since N
A.P.EAMCET 1994 has smaller size and has higher nuclear charge than C,
1 its electronegativity is higher than that of C. Similarly,
Ans. (c) : Size of ion ∝ the electronegativity of P is higher than that of Si. Thus,
Nuclear Charge the overall order is : Si, P, C, N.
The radius of ion depend on the effective nuclear 207. Pauling's electronegativity values for elements
charge, more the charge more heavily the electrons are are useful in predicting
attracted towards the centre and lesser in the size. (a) polarity of the molecules
O2– has least nuclear charge and have largest size. (b) position in the EMF series
202. Kr nucleus has a ….. radius than that of Ba. (c) coordination numbers
(a) Lesser (b) Greater (d) dipole moments
(c) Same (d) None of these BCECE-2011
A.P.EAMCET 1992 UPTU/UPSEE-2004
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 273 YCT
Ans. (a) : Pauling electronegativity values for element F is most electronegative element and HF in solid phase
are useful in predicting of polarity of molecules. has symmetrical Hydrogen bonding the strongest bond
Pauling introduced the electronegativity idea that the are formed by F-atoms
ionic character of a bond varies with the difference in
electronegativity. A large difference in electronegativity
leads to a bond with high degree of polar character.
208. Which of the following indicates the correct
variation in electronegativities?
(a) F > N < O > C (b) F > O > N > C 211. Which of the following is not true for
(c) F < N < O < C (d) F > N > O < C oxidation?
CG PET -2018 (a) Addition of oxygen
UPTU/UPSEE-2005 (b) addition of electronegative element
(c) removal of hydrogen
Ans. (b) : On moving from left to right in a 2nd period
(d) removal of electronegative element
electronegativity increases.
Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021
Element C N O F
EN, Value 2.5 3.0 3.5 4 Ans. (d) : In the oxidation reaction, addition of oxygen
Hence, the order of EN are- and removal of hydrogen takes place. As we know,
oxygen is more electronegative atom if we remove any
F>O>N>C
electronegative atom then this process is termed
209. Pauling’s equation for determining the reduction.
electronegativity of an element is 212. The correct increasing order of the
(a) X A – X B = 0.208 ∆ electronegativity is
(b) X A + X B = 0.208 ∆ (a) B < C < S < Cl (b) B < S < C < Cl
(c) B < C < Cl < S (d) C < B < S < Cl
(c) X A – X B = 0.208∆2 TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 05.08.2021 Shift-II
(d) X A – X B = ∆ Ans. (a) : When we move left to right in the period then
electronegative increases whereas electronegativity
J & K CET-(2006) decreases down the group. Hence, the correct order will
UPTU/UPSEE-2010 be–
Ans. (a) : According to Pauiling equation. B < C < S < Cl
XA–XB= 0.208[EA–B–(EA–A×EB–B)1/2]1/2 213. The electronegativity order of the following
XA – XB = 0.208 ∆ elements is
Where, ∆ is the difference of bond dissociation energies (a) N > S > Te >I (b) I > N > S > Te
of A-A and B-B bonds. (c) N > I > S > Te (d) N > S > I > Te
XA and XB are the electronegativities of A and B TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 07.08.2021 Shift-II
respectively. Ans. (c) :
The factor 0.208 arises from the conversion of Kcals to
Element − Electronegativity
electron volt.
210. Given below are two statements: One is N − 3.04
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is I − 2.66
labelled as Reason (R). S − 2.58
Assertion (A) : Dipole - dipole interactions are
the only non-covalent interactions, resulting in Te − 2.1
hydrogen bond formation. Thus, electronegativity order is N > I > S > Te.
Reason (R) : Fluorine is the most 214. HClO4 is a stronger acid than H2SO4 due to
electronegative element and hydrogen bonds in which of the following reasons?
HF are symmetrical. (i) Oxidation state of Cl in HClO4 is +7 and
In the light of the above statements, choose the that of S in H2SO4 is +6
most appropriate answer from the options (ii) Cl is more electronegative then S
given below. (iii) ClO3 part of HClO4 can break O-H bond
(a) A is false but R is true. more easily to liberate a proton than SO3 is
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the correct dibasic
explanation of A. (iv) ClO3 part of HClO4 can break O-H bond
(c) A is true R is false. more easily to liberate a proton than SO3
(d) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct part in H2SO4
explanation of A. (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(JEE Main 2021, 26 Feb. Shift-II) (b) (i), (ii), and (iv) only
Ans. (a) : Dipole -dipole are not only the interact ion (c) (i), (iii), and (iv) only
responsible for hydrogen bond formation ion-dipole can (d) (ii), (iii), (iv) only
also be responsible for hydrogen bond formation. AP EAPCET 24.08.2021 Shift-II

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 274 YCT

Ans. (b) : In HClO4 Oxidation state of Cl is + 7 and in Ans. (b): Among the following Li and Na are the most
H2SO4 Oxidation state of S is + 6, Cl is more electropositive and F, Cl and Br are most
electronegative than S. HClO4 is mono acidic where as electronegative.
H2SO4 is dibasic ClO3 part of HClO4 can break O–H bond So, the electronegative of the species are-
more easily to liberate a proton than SO3 part in H2SO4. Atom F Cl Br I Li Na
So, the option (b) is correct. EN Value 4 3 2.8 2.5 1 0.9
215. Given that ionization potential and electron The difference in electronegativity are.
gain enthalpy of chlorine are 13 eV and 4 eV (i) F – Li = 4 – 2.5 = 1.5
respectively. The electronegativity of chlorine (ii) F – Na = 4 – 0.9 = 3.1
on Mulliken scale approximately equals to (iii) Br – Na = 2.8 – 0.9 = 1.9
(a) 8.5 eV (b) 6.0 eV (iv) Cl – Na = 3 – 0.9 = 2.1
(c) 3.0 eV (d) 1.5 eV Hence, the Na and F pairs of elements has maximum
AP EAPCET 19-08-2021 Shift-I electronegativity difference.
Ans. (c) : Mulliken defined the electro negativity of an 219. The correct option with respect to the Pauling
atom as the arithmetic mean of its ionization energy and electronegativity values of the elements is
electron. (a) P > S (b) Si < Al
Ionisation Potential + Electron Affinity (c) Te > Se (d) Ga < Ge
i.e. XA = (JEE Main 2019, 11 Jan Shift-II)
2
Given that, I.P. = 13eV, E.A = 4eV Ans. (d) : When moving from left to right in period
The values are in the form of e.V so he formula will be- electronegativity increases.
Si > Al, S > P, Ge > Ga
(I.P)Cl + (E.A)Cl and moving from top to bottom in group
XCl =
5.6 electronegativity decreases.
13eV + 4eV Se > Te
XCl =
5.6 220. Bond between A and B can b represented by :
170eV A – B, A+B–, A–B+
XCl = = 3.03 eV (I) (II) (III)
5.6 If A is more electronegative than B, then least
216. The electronegativity of the given elements contribution to the actual structure comes
increases in the order_________ from:
(a) C, N, Si, P (b) N, Si, C, P (a) I
(c) Si, P, C, N (d) P, Si, N, C (b) II
AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II (c) III
Ans. (c): Electro negativity of given element is– (d) All the structures have equal contribution
Si = 1.9 Manipal-2019
P = 2.19 Ans. (b) : A polar covalent bond is formed between the
C = 2.55 two element of different electronegativities. The
N = 3.04 polarity of a bond depends on the electronegativity
Therefore the increasing order is – Si < P < C < N. difference.
217. Assertion: Cl, Br and I show disproportionation, Hence, the A is more electronegative than B, then least
but F doesn't. contribution to the actual structure comes from the II.
Reason: This is because it is the most 221. Two elements A and B have electronegativities
electronegative element of the group. 1.2 and 3.0 respectively. The nature of bond
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and between A and B would be
Reason is the correct explanation of (a) ionic (b) covalent
Assertion. (c) co-ordinate (d) metallic
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but BITSAT 2017
Reason is not the correct explanation of Ans. (a) : Q Difference of electronegativity between 'A'
Assertion. and 'B' = 3.0 – 1.2 = 1.8. A bond having
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. electronegativity difference greater than 1.65 is ionic
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect. nature.
AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Evening) Hence, bond between 'A' and 'B' would be of ionic
Ans. (a) : Cl, Br and I show disproportionation but nature.
fluorine (F) does not show disproportionation tendency While a covalent bond consists of the mutual sharing of
since it can only take up electron (oxidation state = –1) one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
and cannot lose electron. This is because it is the most And co-ordinate is a covalent bond that consists of a
electronegative element of the group. pair of electrons supplied by only one of the two atoms
it joins.
218. Which pair of elements has maximum electro
negativity difference? 222. Among Me3N,C5H5N and MeCN (Me = methyl
(a) Li & F (b) Na & F group) the electronegativity of N is in the order
(c) Na & Br (d) Na & Cl (a) MeCN > C5H5N > Me3N
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Evening) (b) C5H5N > Me3N > MeCN
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 275 YCT
 (c) Me3N > MeCN > C5H5N Ans. (c) : The property of attracting electrons by an
(d) Electronegativity same in all atom of a molecule is called electronegativity. However
WB-JEE-2017 electron affinity is the amount of energy liberated when
Ans. (a) : In Me3N ⇒ N is sp3 hybrid an electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom.
In C5H5N ⇒ N is sp2 hybrid. Ionisation energy, also called ionization potential, the
amount of energy required to remove an electron from
an isolated atom or molecule.
In MeCN ⇒ N is sp-hybrid 227. Which one of the following is maximum
Therefore, the electronegativity of element depend on electronegative?
s-character, s-character is increase then (a) Lead (b) Silicon
electronegativity increases. (c) Carbon (d) Tin
MeCN > C5H5N > Me3N CG PET -2008
223. Which one of the following correctly represents Ans. (c) : For the given elements are present in group–
the variation of electronegativity (EN) with 14 on moving down a group from top to bottom, the
atomic number (Z) of group 13 elements? electronegativity decreases. Thus, the carbon has most
electronegative than other given element.
228. The electronic configuration of most
electronegative elements is–
(a) (b) (a) 1s2, 2s2, 2p5
(b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p4,3s1
(c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1, 3p1
(d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p5
BCECE-2007
(c) (d)
Ans. (a) : The given electronic configuration the most
AP EAMCET (Engg.) -2014 electronegative element is 1s2, 2s2 2p5 are fluorine.
Ans. (d) : The electronegativity of group 13 element Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the
decreases from B to Al and then increase from Al to Te periodic table.
because of the discrepancies in the atomic size of the 229. Which of the following is second most
elements. electronegative element?
224. The correct order of electronegativities of N, O, (a) Chlorine (b) Oxygen
F and P is (c) Sulphur (d) Fluorine
(a) F > O > P > N (b) F > O > N > P UP CPMT-2007
(c) N > O > F > P (d) F > N > P > O Ans. (b) : The tendency of an atom in a compound to
Karnataka-CET-2012 attract a pair of bonded electron towards itself is known
Ans. (b) : In a period, electronegativity increases from as electronegativity of the atom.
left to right. Fluorine is most electronegative element. After fluorine,
F>O>N the most electronegative element is oxygen as per
In a group, electronegativity decreases down the group. Pauling’s scale of electronegativity.
Hence, N > P xF=4.0, xCl=3.0, xO= 3.5, xs=2.5
So, the order of electronegativity are-
F>O>N>P 230. Observe the following statements
4 3.5 3 2.19 I. The physical and chemical properties of
225. Indicate the pair whose one member has the elements are periodic functions of their
highest and other has the lowest electronic configuration.
electronegativity II. Electronegativity of fluorine is less than the
(a) I and F (b) Fr and Li electronegativity of chlorine.
(c) K and Cs (d) F and Fr III. Electropositive nature decreses from top to
CG PET- 2011 bottom in a group.
Ans. (d) : Francium (Fr) has least electronegative The correct answer is
element due to its large size. (a) I, II and III are correct
Fluorine (F) is the highest electronegative element due (b) only I is correct
to its small size. (c) only I and II are correct
Therefore, F and Fr are the pair whose one member has (d) only II and III are correct
the highest and other has lowest electronegativity.
A.P.EAMCET 2006
226. The property of attracting electrons by the Ans. (b) : The physical and chemical properties of
halogen atoms in a molecule is called element are periodic functions of their electronic
(a) ionization potential configuration.
(b) electron affinity
(c) electronegativity • Electronegative of fluorine is greater than chlorine.
(d) electronic attraction • Electropositive nature increase on top to bottom in a
JCECE - 2010 group.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 276 YCT
231. The electro-negativity difference between N
and F is greater than that between N and H yet
the dipole moment of NH3 (1.5 D) is larger than
that of NF3 (0.2D). This is because
(a) in NH3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are
in the opposite directions whereas in NF3
these are in the same direction
(b) in NH3 as well as in NF3 the atomic dipole
and bond dipole are in the same direction
(c) in NH3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole are
in the same direction whereas in NF3 these
are in opposite directions
(d) in NH3 as well as in NF3 the atomic dipole
and bond dipole are in opposite directions.
NEET-2006
Ans. (c) : Electronegativity of N is greater than that of
H but in NF3 electronegativity of F is greater than that
of N. So, in NH3 the atomic dipole and bond-dipole are
in the same direction whereas in NF3 these are in
opposite direction.
232. Which one of the following has the highest
electronegativity?
(a) Br (b) Cl
(c) P (d) Si
UPTU/UPSEE-2004
Ans. (b) : In a period moving from left to right then the
electronegativity increases due to increase in effective
nuclear charge-
Cl > P > Si
On moving from top to bottom in a group
electronegativity decrease Cl > Br.
Hence, Cl has highest electronegativity.
233. Which of the following equation is used in
Pauling’s scale of electronegativity ?
(a) xA = 0.187 (IE + EA) + 0.17
(b) xA – xB = 0.182
1/ 2
 E A − B − ( E A − A × E B−B ) 
 
0.359Zeff
(c) x A = + 0.744
rA2
(d) None of the above
JCECE - 2004
Ans. (b) : According to Pauiling scale-
1
XA - XB = 0.182  E A − B − E A − A × E B − B  2
234. Which carbon is more electronegative?
(a) sp3-hybridized carbon
(b) sp-hybridized carbon
(c) sp2-hybridized carbon
(d) Always same irrespective of its hybrid state
(e) None of the above
Kerala-CEE-2004
Ans. (b) Electronegativity is defined as the relative
tendency of an atom or species to attract towards it and
we know that attract the electron, positive charge is
required that comes from the nucleus.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 277
In sp hybridized carbon two orbitals are involved in
hybridization among only one is s. The percentage of s-
character it will be equal to 50%. For sp2 hybridised the
percentage of s-character will be 33.3% and for sp3
hybridised the percentage of s-character will be 25%.
Hence, the sp-hybridsed carbon is more electronegative.
235. Which one of the following represents the
correct order of electronegativity?
(a) P > O > N (b) N > P > O
(c) O > N > P (d) N > O > P
A.P.EAMCET 2002
Ans. (c) : Electro-negativity is defined as the ability of
an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond.
The correct order of electro-negativity is O > N > P.
236. Which one of the following is most basic?
(a) Cl– (b) F–
–
(c) I (d) Br–
AMU 2002
Ans. (b) : In halides, electronegativity of the element
plays an important role in determining the basicity.
According to Bronsted Lowry concept, bases are proton
acceptor and acid a proton donor. Down the group, size
of the halides increase. So electronegativity or the
ability to pull electrons towards itself decrease. So
fluorine with its high electronegativity is a strong base.
237. In X – H ........... Y, X and Y both are
electronegative elements. Then
(a) electron density on X will increase and on H
will decrease
(b) in both electron density will increase
(c) in both electron density will decrease
(d) on X electron density will decrease and on H
increases
NEET-2001
Ans. (a) : For X–H ------ Y, 'H' is directly bonded to 'X'
and there is a hydrogen, bond between 'H' and 'Y' As 'X'
and 'Y' are electronegative active element that pull
electron density towards themselves.
Therefore, the electron density on X increases on 'H'
electron density decreases.
238. Let electronegativity, ionization energy and
electron affinity be represented as EN, IP and
EA respectively. Which one of the following
equation is correct according to Mulliken?
IP
(a) EN = IP × EA (b) EN =
EA
IP + EA
(c) EN = (d) EN = IP − EA
2
A.P.EAMCET (Engg.)-2001
Ans. (c) : Given,
Electronegativity = EN
Ionisation energy = IP
Electron affinity = EA
Mulliken has defined electronegativity as the average of
ionization potential and electronegativity.
IP + EA
EN =
2
239. Which one of the following would you expect to
have highest electronegativity ?
YCT
 (a) Mg (atomic number 12) 244. Elements X, Y and Z have atomic number 19,
(b) S (atomic number 16) 37 and 55 respectively. Which of the following
(c) B (atomic number 5) statements is true about them ?
(d) Te (atomic number 52) (a) Z would have the highest ionization potential
A.P.EAMCET 1995 (b) Y would have the highest ionization potential
Ans. (b) : Electronegativity decreases from top to (c) Their ionization potential would increase with
bottom in a group and left to right increase in period. increasing atomic number
So, the sulphur has highest electronegative than Mg, B (d) Y would have an ionization potential between
and Te. those of X and Z
240. The most electronegative element is Karnataka CET-17.06.2022, Shift-II
(a) nitrogen (b) oxygen
Ans. (d) : Given that, X, Y and Z have atomic number
(c) fluorine (d) chlorine
19, 37 and 55 respectively.
A.P.EAMCET 1992
Then X = 19K = ionization potential = 4.3407 eV.
Ans. (c) : The most electronegative element is fluorine.
The tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract the Y = 37Rb = ionization potential = 4.17771 eV.
shared pair of electron towards itself is known as Z = 55Cs = ionization potential = 3.8939 eV.
electronegativity. Therefore,
241. If the ionization energy and electron affinity of I.P.of (Cs) + I.P.of (K)
Ionization potential of (37Rb) =
an element are 275 and 86 kcal mol–1 2
respectively, then electronegativity of the X+Z
element on the Mulliken scale is By symbolic, Y =
(a) 2.8 (b) 0.0 2
(c) 4.0 (d) 2.6 So, Y would have an ionization potential between those
Ans. (a) : Given that of X and Z.
Ionisation energy (I.E) = 275 Kcal/mol 245. Given below are two statements. One is
Electron affinity (E.A) = 86 Kcal/mol labelled as. Assertion A and the other is
According to Mulliken, electronegativity of an atom is labelled as Reason R
average of IE and E.A. Assertion A: The first ionization enthalpy for
IE + EA oxygen is lower than that of nitrogen.
EN = Reason R: The four electrons in 2p orbital's of
2
If IE and E.A are in K.cal.mol–1. oxygen experience more electron- electron
IE + EA 275 + 86 repulsion
EN = = = 2.88. In the light of the above statements. Choose
125 125 the correct answer from the options given
below.
5. Ionization Energy (a) Both A and R are correct and Rj is the correct
explanation of A
242. Gadolinium has a low value of third ionisation (b) Both A and R correct but R is NOT the
enthalpy because of correct explanation of A
(a) high basic character (c) A is correct but R is not correct
(b) small size (d) A is not correct but R is correct
(c) high exchange enthalpy JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-II
(d) high electro negativity
Ans. (b) : The first ionization enthalpy for oxygen is
NEET-17.07.2022
lower than that of nitrogen because as you move from
Ans. (c) : Gadolinium has a low value of third left to right the atomic size decreases. So, ionization
ionization enthalpy because of high exchange enthalpy. enthalpy will be increased.
In case of third ionization enthalpy electron will be
removed from 5d and resulting configuration will be In case, four electrons in 2p-orbital’s of oxygen greater
more stable electronic configuration. electron-electron repulsion.
As a result there is strong inter-electronic repulsion in
243. The correct order of electron gain enthalpies of
Cl, F, Te and Po is: the relatively small 2p-orbital of oxygen and thus the
(a) F < Cl < Te < Po (b) Po < Te < F < Cl incoming electron does not experience much net attract
(c) Te < Po < Cl < F (d) Cl < F < Te < Po force from the nucleus to hold the incoming electron.
JEE Main-25.06.2022, Shift-II 246. The ionisation potential of which element is
Ans. (b) : The correct order of electron gain enthalpies highest?
of Cl, F, Te and Po is – (a) H (b) He
Po < Te < F < Cl (c) Ar (d) F
Table of electron gain enthalpies are given below – CG PET-22.05.2022
Element Electron Gain Enthalpies (kJmol–1) Ans. (b) : The ionization potential of He element is
Po –174 highest because ionization potential (Energy) decreases
Te –190 as move from down a group and increases as move from
F –328 left to right across a period.
Cl – 349 So, inert gas has highest ionization potential.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 278 YCT
247. The correct order of 2nd ionisation energy for (a)
Ne > Cl > P > S > Al > Mg
the elements carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and (b)
Ne > Cl > P > S > Mg > Al
fluorine is– (c)
Ne > Cl > S > P > Mg > Al
(a) F > O > N > C (b) C > N > O > F (d)
Ne > Cl > S > P > Al > Mg
(c) O > F > N > C (d) O > N > F > C JEE Main-27.07.2021, Shift-II
BCECE-2016 BITSAT 2016, CG PET -2005
Assam CEE-2014
Ans. (b) : On moving from left to right in a period
WB JEE-2010
ionization potential increases. On moving from top to
UPTU/UPSEE-2004bottom in a group ionization potential decreases. Rare
gases are more ionization potential than full filled
Ans. (c) : The electronic configuration of element after
removal of first electron. orbital than half-filled orbital. Hence, the order is Ne >
O+ = 1s2 2s2 2p3 Cl > P > S > Mg > Al.
F+ = 1s2 2s2 2p4 252. In which of the following arrangements, the
+ 2 2
N = 1s 2s 2p2 order is NOT according to the property
+ 2 2
C = 1s 2s 2p1 indicated against It
Therefore, the second ionization potential of oxygen is (a) Li < Na < K< Rb:
more as it acquires a half filled stable configuration so it Increasing metallic radius
energy requires a lot of energy to remove from the (b) I<Br<F<CI:
oxygen. Increasing electron gain enthalpy
So, the correct order of second ionization potential is- (c) B<C<N<O
O>F>N>C Increasing first ionization enthalpy
248. The set representing the correct order for first (d) Al3+<Mg2+< Na+ < F−
ionisation potential is Increasing ionic size
(a) K > Na > Li (b) Be > Mg > Ca NEET-I, 2016
(c) B > C > N (d) Ge > Si > C AIIMS-2015, 2005
Tripura JEE-2019
Ans. (c): When we move from B to O in periodic table
Manipal-2017
first ionization enthalpy increases due to the attraction
JIPMER-2008
of nucleus towards the outer most of electron. Hence,
JCECE – 2007
the order is- B < C < N < O : increasing first ionization
Ans. (b) : On moving down the group top to bottom enthalpy.
ionisation energy decreases due to the size increase. 253. In the following, the element with the highest
Hence, the correct order of first ionisation energy– ionization energy is
Be > Mg > Ca (a) [Ne] 3s2 3p2 (b) [Ne] 3s2 3p3
2 2
249. The correct order in which the first ionization (c) [Ne] 3s 3p (d) [Ne] 3s23p4
potential increases is JIPMER-2010
(a) Na, K, Be (b) K, Na, Be JCECE - 2009
(c) K, Be, Na (d) Be, Na, K NEET-2009
Ans. (b) : The given electronic configuration [Ne] 3s2
WB JEE-2015
3p3 are half-filled electronic configuration on removing
MHT CET-2014
the one electron the amount of energy is required to
Karnataka CET, 2008
Ans. (b) : The first ionization potential generally high. So, it has highest ionisation energy.
254. For the second period elements the correct
increases in a period from left to right and decreases in
a group from up to down. Thus, the correct order of first increasing order of first ionization enthalpy is
ionization potential is (a) Li < Be < B < C < O < N < F < Ne
K < Na < Be (b) Li < Be < B < C < N < O < F < Ne
250. The first ionization potential of Na, Mg and Si (c) Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne
are respectively 496, 737 and 786 kJ mol-1. The (d) Li < B < Be < C < N < O < F < Ne
ionization potential of Al will be closer to J & K CET-(2015)
(a) 760 kJ mol–1 (b) 575 kJ mol–1 JEE Main-2013, NEET-2009
–1
(c) 801 kJ mol (d) 419 kJ mol–1 Ans. (c) : When we move from left to right in a period
AMU-2014
ionisaiton energy increase. Be has full filled 2s subshell
CGPET-2010
so the ionisation energy is maximum in comparison to
J&K CET-2000
B, N is half filled 2p orbital so ionisation energy is
Ans. (b) : The ionization energy of Mg will be larger than
maximum in comparison to oxygen atom. Thus, order
that of Na due to fully filled configuration. The ionization
of first ionisation enthalpy is-
energy of Al will be smaller than that of Mg due to one Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne
electron extra than the stable configuration but smaller than
255. What will be the order of Ist ionisation energy?
Si due to increase in effective nuclear of Si. Hence, the (a) Li > Na > K (b) K > Li < Na
ionization potential of Al will be 760 kJ/mole. (c) Na > Li > K (d) Li > K > Na
251. The decreasing order of the ionization potential UPTU/UPSEE-2015
of the following elements is JIPMER-2006
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 279 YCT
Ans. (a) : On moving from top to bottom in a group 260. With which of the following electronic
ionisation energy decreases because atomic size configuration an atom has the lowest ionisation
increases and due to lessening of the nucleus by inner enthalpy?
electrons. This means that Li will be having highest (a) 1s2 2s2 2p3 (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
ionisation energy and K will be having the lowest (c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 (d) 1s2 2s2 2p5
energy. WB JEE-2011
So, the ionisation energy of Li, Na and K are 520 NEET-2007
kJ/mole, 496 kJ/mole and 419 kJ/mole respectively. Ans. (b) : The given electronic configuration has 1s2 2s2
256. Generally, the first ionization energy increases 2p6 3s1. On removing the one electron easily due to
along a period. But there are some exceptions. form stable noble gas configuration. Hence, the
One which is not an exception is electronic configuration 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1 has lowest
(a) N and O (b) Na and Mg ionisation enthalpy.
(c) Mg and Al (d) Be and B 261. Proper decreasing order of first ionization
KARNATAKA-CET, 2010 potential of the elements Be, B, C and Li will be
Karnataka-CET-2011 which one of the following?
Ans. (b) : Na belongs to IA group and Mg belongs to (a) C > B > Be > Li (b) C > Be > B > Li
IIA group. On moving form left to right in a period, first (c) B > C > Be > Li (d) Be > Li > B > C
ionization energy increases, thus, IE of Mg is greater Tripura JEE-2022
than the IE of Na. JIPMER-2012
IE order Mg > Na Ans. (b) : When we move from left to right in a period,
257. The correct of ionisation energy of C, N, O, F is ionisation enthalpy increase. Be has full filled 2s-
(a) F < O < N < C (b) F < N < C < O subshell then the Boron atom. Therefore, the order is-
(c) C < N < O < F (d) C < O < N < F C > Be > B > Li
KARNATAKA-CET, 2009 262. The first ionisation potenital (in eV) of N and O
Karnataka-CET-2012 atoms are
(a) 14.6, 13.6 (b) 13.6,14.6
Ans. (d) : Ionisation energy generally increases from
left to right in a period but ionization energy of nitrogen (c) 13.6, 13.6 (d) 14.6, 14.6
is greater than oxygen dud to stable p3 configuration. CG PET- 2016, 2013
Hence, the order is as Ans. (a) : The electronic configuration of nitrogen and
C<O<N<F oxygen are-
N- 1s2 2s2 2p3
258. The one electron species having ionization 2 2
energy of 54.4 eV is: O- 1s 2s 2p4
(a) H (b) He+ When oxygen loses one electron it will attain half-filled
4+ configuration.
(c) B (d) Li2+
2+ So, it can lose an electron easily but nitrogen has
(e) Be already in a half filled configuration and hence losing
UPTU/UPSEE-2016 an electron will require more energy than that of
Kerala-CEE-2004 oxygen.
Ans. (b) We know that, Therefore, the first ionization potential of N and O
−13.6 × z 2 atoms are 14.6 and 13.6 respectively.
E(ionisation energy) = eV 263. Four successive members of the first row
n2
Where, z = atomic number transition elements are listed below with their
n = shell atomic numbers. Which one of them is
For, He+, z = 2, n = 1 expected to have the highest third ionisation
enthalpy?
−13.6 × 22 (a) Vanadium (Z=23) (b) Manganese (Z=25)
∴ E=
12 (c) Chromium (Z=24) (d) Iron (Z=26)
= –13.6 × 4 CG PET -2007
= –54.4 eV NEET-2005
259. Which element has the highest first ionization Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of Mn is-
2 2 6 2 6 2 5
potential? 25Mn = 1s , 2s , 2p , 3s , 3p , 4s , 3d
(a) N (b) Ne Third electron which is removed in third ionization
(c) He (d) H potential belong to 3d 5 subshell. The 3d5 subshell has
(e) Li highest stability because of it is a half-filled subshell so,
Manipal-2020 Mn shows highest third ionization potential.
Kerala-CEE-2018 264. The second ionization enthalpies of Li, Be, B
Ans. (c) : On moving from up to down in a group and C are in order
ionization potential decrease and across a period (a) Li >B>C>Be (b) Li >C>B>Be
ionisation energy increase. He is small size and fully (c) Be >C>B>Li (d) B >C>Be>Li
filled inert gas configuration. Therefore, He has the CG PET -2017
highest first ionization potential. J & K CET-(2011)
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 280 YCT
Ans. (a) : The ionization enthalpy depend on the Ans. (d) : Ionization potential increase from left to right
following factors: in a period but in case of Be and B. Beryllium is having
(i) Half- filled or full filled atomic orbitals are more more ionization potential than boron to completely
stable than other incomplete orbital. filled s-orbital in beryllium.
(ii) Smaller the size of atom/ion, more is the ionization So, the first ionization potential of Be and B will be 8.8
energy. (I.E.) For 2nd I.E. all elements have M+ and 6.6 respectively.
configuration 269. Which of the order for ionization energy is
Total no. of Outermost correct?
electrons configuration (a) Be < B< C<N<O (b) B < Be< C<O<N
Li+(Z=3) 2 1s2 (fully filled) (c) Be > B> C>N>O (d) B < Be< N<C<O
+
Be (Z=4) 3 2s1 (has more size) AIIMS-2013
than carbon) NEET-2001
B+(Z=5) 4 2s2 (fully filled) Ans. (b): The energy required to remove the most
+
C (Z=6) 5 2s22p1 (Smaller size) loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom is
nd
Hence, correct, order for 2 I.E. is called the ionization energy. The ionization potential
Li + > B+ > C + > Be + decreases as the size of the atom decrease. Atom will
fully or partly filled orbitals have high ionization
or Li > B > C > Be + potential.
265. Which element has maximum first ionisation Hence, the order-
potential? B < Be < C < O < N
(a) Cs (b) F 270. Which one of the following order is correct for
(c) Na (d) He the first ionization energies of the elements?
CG PET- 2015 (a) B < Be < N < O (b) Be < B < N < O
J&K CET-2001 (c) B < Be < O < N (d) B < O < Be < N
Ans. (d) : On moving from left to right in a period VITEEE- 2009
generally ionisation energy increases helium (He) is JIPMER-2004
stable configuration is remove one electron from filled Ans. (c) : Along a period first ionization energy
s-subshell. The required is more due to filled 1s orbital.
increases. Thus, the first IE of the elements in second
Hence, the first ionisaiton energy is maximum in He. period should follow the order Be < B < N < O
266. The increasing order of the first ionisation The first IE of these elements follows the order B < Be
enthalpies of the elements B, P, S and F (lowest < O < N The lower IE of B than that of Be is because in
first) is B (1s2, 2s2 2p1), electron is to be removed from 2p
(a) F < S < P < B (b) P < S < B < F which is easy while in Be (1s2, 2s2), electron is to be
(c) B < P < S < F (d) B < S < P < F removed from 2s which is difficult. The low IE of O
UPTU/UPSEE-2017 than that of N is because of the half-filled 2p orbitals in
(AIEEE 2006) N (1s2, 2s2 2p3).
Ans. (d) : On moving from left to right in a period 271. Which of the following elements has the lowest
ionisaiton energy increase but on moving from top to ionisation potential?
bottom in group ionisation energy decreases. (a) Sodium (b) Potassium
Phosphorous (P) has half-filled configuration, it has (c) Rubidium (d) Cesium
higher IE1 than of S-atom. AMU–2003
Hence, the correct order of first ionisation energy is J & K CET-(2008)
B< S < P < F Ans. (d) : The ionization energy decreases on moving
800 999.4 1012 1680.8 kJ / mole
down the group
267. A sudden large jump between the values of
As we go down in a group, the nuclear charge increases.
second and third ionization energies of
elements would be associated with which of the (2) As we go down in a group the atomic size increases.
following electronic configurations? due to the addition of a new shell to each element.
(a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s23p1 (3) As we go down in a group , the number of inner
2 2 6
(c) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 1 2
(d) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 electrons increases . This increases the shielding effect
on outer electrons.
J & K CET-(2004), NEET-1993
The combined effect of the increases in atomic size, and
Ans. (d) : The sudden large jump between the value of the shielding effect more than the effect of the increases
second and third ionisaiton energies of an element. of the nuclear charge. These effects act in such a way
Because after losing two electron it has acquired stable that the force of attraction between the nucleus, and the
configuration. Thus, in order to remove third electron outermost electron decreases as we go down the group.
much higher energy is needed. Therefore, the electronic
configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2. 272. Identify the elements X and Y using the
ionisation energy values given below.
268. First ionisation potential of Be and B will be
(a) 8.8 and 8.8 (b) 6.6 and 6.6 Ionisation kJ/mol
(c) 6.6 and 8.8 (d) 8.8 and 6.6 energy (Ist) (IInd)
CG PET -2007 X 495 4563
NEET-1998 Y 731 1450

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 281 YCT

 (a) X = Na, Y = Mg (b) X = Mg, Y = F
(c) X = Mg, Y = Na (d) X = F, Y = Mg
(JEE Main 2021, 16 March Shift-II)
Ans. (a) : The electronic configuration of Na = [Ne] 3s1
ionisatin energy of sodium is very low but second
ionisation energy is very high due to stable noble gas
configuration of Na+.
The electronic configuration of Mg = [Ne]3s2 first and
second ionisation energy is low.
273. The first ionisation energy of magnesium is
smaller as compared to that of elements X and
Y, but higher than that of Z. The elements X, Y
and Z, respectively, are
(a) chlorine, lithium and sodium
(b) argon, lithium and sodium
(c) argon, chlorine and sodium
(d) neon, sodium and chlorine
(JEE Main 2021, 18 March Shift-II)
Ans. (c) : On moving from left to right in a 3rd period
ionisaiton energy increases.
Ionisation energy of the 3rd period are-
Na < Al < Mg < Si < S < P < Cl < Ar
Hence, the element X, Y and Z are argon, chlorine and
sodium respectively.
274. Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 663
nm is just sufficient to ionise the atom of metal
A. The ionisation energy of metal A in kJ mol–1
is ...............(Rounded off to the nearest integer)
[h = 6.63 × 10–34 J-s, c = 3.00 × 108, ms–1, NA =
6.02 × 1023 mol-1]
[JEE Main 2021, 25 Feb Shift-II]
Ans. (180) : Given that, h = 6.63 × 10–34 J.sec,
c = 3 × 108 m/sec, NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1
N = 663 nm = 663 × 10–9 m
hc
∴ Ionisation energy of atom of metal A =
λ
−34
6.63 × 10 × 3 ×10 8
=
663 × 10−9
= 3 × 10–19 Joule
Since, Ionisation energy per mole
= 3×10–19 ×6.02×1023
= 180. 6kJ/mole
= 180 kJ/mole
275. The third ionisation enthalpy is highest in
(a) Alkali metals (b) Alkaline earth metals
(c) Chalcogens (d) Pnictogens
Kerala-CEE-29.08.2021
Ans. (b) : Alkaline earth metals acquired the outer two
electron in s-orbital. After removing of two electron
from alkaline earth's metal, they get the stable
configuration. So more energy required for the
removing of electron. Hence, alkaline earth metals have
the highest third ionization enthalphy.
276. Choose the correct option regarding the
following statements :
Statement-1: Nitrogen has lesser electron gain
enthalpy than oxygen.
Statement-2: Oxygen has lesser ionization
enthalpy than nitrogen.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 282
(a) Statement - 1 is correct. Statement -2 is
wrong
(b) Both statement 1 and 2 are wrong
(c) Both statement 1 and 2 are correct
(d) Statement -1 is wrong. Statement -2 is
correct.
AP EAPCET 19-08-2021, Shift-II
Ans. (c) :
Electronic configuration of 7N = 1s2, 2s2,2p3
Electronic configuration of 8O = 1s2, 2s2, 2p4
N has lesser electron gain enthalpy because the extra
addition of one electron in 2p orbital is very energy
consuming.
Oxygen has lower ionisation enthalpy than nitrogen
because by removing one electron from 2p - orbital,
oxygen acquires stable configuration i.e. 2p3.On the
other hand, in case nitrogen it is not easy to remove one
of the three 2p electronic due to its stable configuration.
277. Which order among the following is incorrect?
(a) NH3< PH3 <AsH3: (Acidic nature)
(b) Li < Be < B < C : IE1 (∆H1)
(c) Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O : (Basic Nature)
(d) Li+ < K+ < Cs+ : (Ionic radius)
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : Ionization enthalpy is defined as the amount
of energy an isolated gaseous atom. Atom would take to
lose an electron in its ground state.
So the correct order is-
Li < B < Be < C
520 801 899 1086 kJ/Mole (∆H1)
278. The successive ionization energies of an
element in kJ. mol–1 are 1060, 1900, 2920, 6280
and 21200. This element would belong to
group-____
(a) V (b) VI
(c) VII (d) IV
AP- EAPCET- 07-09-2021, Shift-I
Ans. (a) : The successive ionization energies of an
element in kJmole–1 are 1060,1900, 2920, 6280 and
21200. The element belong to group V.
279. Starting from the 1st, the successive ionization
potentials of an element are respectively 5.98,
18.8, 28.4, 120.1, 154eV. The elements is
(a) B (b) Al
(c) P (d) Mg
TS EAMCET 05.08.2021, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : The amount of energy required to remove an
electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its gaseous
state.
I.E1 = 5.98 eV
I.E2 = 18.8 eV
I.E3 = 28.4 eV
I.E4 = 120.1 eV
I.E5 = 154 eV
Hence, the ionization potential difference between I.E3
and I.E4 is maximum. So, the element is Al.
280. The first ionization energies (in kJ mol–1) of
four consecutive elements of the second period
are given in the options. The first ionization
energy of nitrogen is
YCT
 (a) 1086 (b) 1402 ∆1H and ∆2H are less that indicates that there are two
(c) 1681 (d) 1314 valence electrons and they are in p-orbital from given
TS EAMCET 04.08.2021, Shift-I options the only satisfying option is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 or
Ans. (b) : The amount of energy required to remove an [Ne] 3s2 .
electron from an isolated atom or molecules is called 284. Match the following?
ionization energy. The first ionization energy of property metal
nitrogen is 1402 kJ/mole energy. (a) Element with highest second (i) Co
281. Match List-I with List-II ionization enthalpy (is) (∆1H2)
List-I List-II (b) Element with highest third (ii) Cr
Electronic configuration ∆ i H in kJ mol –1 ionization enthalpy (∆1H3)
of elements (c) M in [M(CO)6] (iii) Cu
(a) 1s2 2s2 (i) 801 (d) element with highest heat of (iv) Zn
(b) 1s2 2s22p4 (ii) 899 atomization (∆1H)
(c) 1s2 2s2 2p3 (iii) 1314 (v) Ni
(d) 1s2 2s22p1 (iv) 1402 (a) (a → iii), (b → i), (c → v), (d → iv)
Choose the most appropriate answer from the (b) (a → iii), (b → iv), (c → ii), (d → v)
options given below:
(c) (a → iv), (b → i), (c → ii), (d → iii)
(a) (a) → (i), (b) → (iv), (c) → (iii), (d) → (ii) (d) (a → v), (b → iv), (c → i), (d → iii)
(b) (a) → (iv), (b) → (i), (c) → (ii), (d) → (iii) AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II
(c) (a) → (ii), (b) → (iii), (c) → (iv), (d) → (i) Ans. (b): Element with highest second ionization
(d) (a) → (i), (b) → (iii), (c) → (iv), (d) → (ii) enthalpy (∆1H2) = Cu
Element with highest third ionization
JEE Main 26.02.2021, Shift-I
enthalpy(∆1H3) = Zn
Ans. (c) :Ionisation energy in second period. Element with highest heat of atomization (∆1H) is Ni
Be(1s2 2s2) = 899 kJ/mole and [M(CO)6] metal is Cr.
O(1s2 2s2 2p4) = 1314 kJ/mole
N(1s2 2s2 2p3) = 1402 kJ/mole 285. The first ionization enthalpies of Mg and Al
can be expected to be_______
B(1s2 2s2 2p1) = 801 kJ/mole
(a) IE1 (Mg) = 577.5 kJ. mol-1, IE1 (Al) = 577.5
282. The correct order for the increasing ionization kJ. mol-1
enthalpies for the following is: (b) IE1 (Mg) = 577.5 kJ. mol-1, IE1 (Al) = 737.7
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 (ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 kJ. mol-1
2 2 6
(iii) 1s 2s 2p (iv) 1s2 2s2 2p2 (c) IE1 (Mg) = 737.7 kJ. mol-1, IE1 (Al) = 737.7
2 2 1
(v) 1s 2s 2p kJ. mol-1
Options: (d) IE1 (Mg) = 737.7 kJ. mol-1, IE1 (Al) = 577.5
(a) (ii)<(iii)<(i)<(v)<(iv) kJ. mol-1
(b) (ii)<(i)<(iii)<(v)<(iv) AP EAPCET 20.08.2021 Shift-II
(c) (ii)<(i)<(v)<(iv)<(iii) Ans. (d): Ionization enthalpy is defined by the amount
(d) (ii)<(i)<(iv)<(v)<(iii) of energy an isolated gaseous atom would take to lose
AP EAPCET-6 Sep. 2021, Shift-II an electron in its ground state.
Ans. (c) Mg (12): 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2 (i) Mg −−→ Mg+ + e–
Na (11): 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1 I⋅E1(Mg) = 737.7 kJ mole–1
Ne (10): 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 (ii) Al −−→ Al+ + e–
C (6): 1s2, 2s2, 2p2 I⋅E1(Al) = 577.5 kJ mole–1
B (5): 1s2, 2s2, 2p1 286. Identify the incorrect order corresponding the
The correct order for increasing ionization mentioned property?
enthalpies are:– (a) Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O : Basicity
(ii)<(i)<(v)<(iv)<(iii) (b) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 : Acidity
Na<Mg<B<C<Ne (c) Li+ < Na+ < K+ < Cs+ : Ionic radius
(d) Li < Be < B < C : First Ionization enthaply
283. If the successive ionization energies of an
element A are 165, 190, 550 and 595 kcal. AP EAPCET 24.08.2021 Shift-II
respectively. then the ground state electronic Ans. (d) : Option (1), (2) and (3) are correct. Ionization
configuration of element A is _____. enthalpy defined as the amount of energy an isolated
(a) [Ne] 3s2 3p2 (b) [He] 2s1 gaseous atom would take to lose an electron in its
(c) [He] 2s 2p 2 2
(d) [Ne] 3s2 ground state.
AP EAPCET 24.08.2021, Shift-I So, the order is –
Ans. (d) : The given ionization energies are – Li < B < Be < C (for first ionization energy)
∆1H = 165 Kcal 520, 801, 899, 1086, kJ/ mole.
∆2H = 190 Kcal 287. Identify the elements X and Y using the
∆3H = 595 Kcal ionisation energy values given below:

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 283 YCT

 Ionization energy (kJ/mol)
1st 2nd
X 495 4563
Y 731 1450
(a) X = Na; Y = Mg (b) X = Mg; Y = Na
(c) X = F; Y = Mg (d) X = Mg; Y = F
JEE Main 16.03.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (a) : As we know, first ionization energy is always
less than second ionization energy. After removal of
one electron from outer orbit, it's attains the stable noble
gas configuration i.e.
Na+ → [Ne], 3s0
due to which ionization energy of Na+ is very low but
second ionization energy is very high.
Mg → [Ne] 3s2, The first and second ionization
enthalpy of Mg is low but the third ionization enthalpy
is very high due to noble gas configuration.
288. Assertion (A): The first ionization energy of Be
is greater than that of B.
Reason (R): 2p orbital has lower energy than
2s orbital.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is a correct
explanation for A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct
explanation for A
(c) A is true R is false
(d) A is false, R is true
AP EAPCET 23-08-2021 Shift-I
Ans. (c) : Electronic configuration of-
Ionisation energy is defined by the atom which required
minimum energy to remove the one electron in outer
shell.
So, Be has stable subshell to remove one electron is
maximum in comparison to B.
Now, according to Aufbau principle.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 ..........
So, the energy of 2s is lower than 2p.
So, the option (c) is correct.
289. The second ionisation energies of Li, Be, B and
C are in the order ......... .
(a) Li > C > B > Be (b) Li > B > C > Be
(c) Be > C > B > Li (d) B > C > Be > Li
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : The second ionisation energy is the energy
required to remove an electron from a 1+ cation in the
gaseous state.
X + ( g ) → X 2+ ( g ) + e −
Just like the first ionisation energy, the second
ionisation energy is affected by size, effective nuclear
charge, and electron configuration. Li has highest IE2
than because the second electron remove from stable
noble gas configuration and B has higher IE2 than C due
to the extra stability of the 2s2 subshell in the B+ ion.
Therefore, the order is Li > B > C > Be
Hence, the correct option is (b).
Objective Chemistry Volume-I
290. Which element of the 3d-series has highest
third ionisation enthalpy ?
(a) Mn (b) Zn
(c) Fe (d) Cu
AP EAMCET (Engg.) 21.09.2020, Shift-II
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of zinc metal is
Zn = [Ar]3d10, 4s2
The third ionisation enthalpy of Zn means removal of
electron from the stable configuration of 3d10. The
metal having the highest third ionisation enthalpy is Zn.
Hence, the correct option is (b).
291. B has a smaller first ionisation enthalpy than
Be. Consider the following statements:
(I) It is easier to remove 2p electron than 2s
electron
(II) 2p electron of B is more shielded from the
nucleus by the inner core of electrons than
the 2s electrons of Be
(III) 2s electron has more penetration power
than 2p electron
(IV) atomic radius of B is more than Be
(atomic number B = 5, Be = 4)
The correct statements are
(a) (I), (II) and (III) (b) (II), (III) and (IV)
(c) (I), (III) and (IV) (d) (I), (II) and (IV)
(JEE Main 2020, 9 Jan Shift-II)
Ans. (a) : Boron (B) has a smaller first ionisation
energy than Be because Be has a stable complete
electronic configuration so, it requires to more energy to
remove the first electron from it.
(i) It is easier to remove 2p electron than 2s electron.
(ii) 2p electron of B is more shielded from the nucleus
by the inner core of electrons than the 2s electrons
of Be.
(iii) 2s electron has more penetration power than 2p
electron.
292. The first and second ionisation enthalpies of a
metal are 496 and 4560 kJ mol–1, respectively.
How many moles of HCl and H2SO4,
respectively, will be needed to react completely
with 1 mole of the metal hydroxide?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 1
(c) 2 and 0.5 (d) 1 and 0.5
(JEE Main 2020, 9 Jan Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : Given that, IE2 > IE1, So the element belong
the first group.
Therefore, this element will be a monovalent and thus
forms a monoacidic base of the type MOH.
MOH + HCl → MCl + H2O
2MOH + H2SO4 → M2SO4 + 2H2O
So, from the above equation we can say that 1 mole of
metal hydroxide required 1 mole of HCl and 0.5 mole
of H2SO4.
293. The first ionisation energy (in kJ/mol) of Na,
Mg, Al and Si respectively, are:
(a) 496, 577, 737, 786 (b) 786, 737, 577, 496
(c) 496, 577, 786, 737 (d) 496, 737, 577, 786
(JEE Main 2020, 8 Jan Shift-I)
Ans. (d) : Ionisaiton energy is directly proportional to
the effective nuclear charge (Zeff). As the size of atom
increase Zeff also increase i.e. ionisaiton energy also
increase.
284 YCT
 Ionisation energy ∝ Zeff
Ionisation energy is the amount of energy required to
remove the outer shell electron of an atom.
Thus, the correct order of ionization energy are-
Na = 496, mg = 737, Al = 577, Si = 786
294. The third ionisation enthalpy is minimum for:
(a) Mn (b) Ni
(c) Co (d) Fe
(JEE Main 2020, 8 Jan Shift-I)
Ans. (d) : The electronic configuration of Fe is
6 2
26Fe = [Ar] 3d 4s
In Fe three electron are removed the electron will be
attain a stable configuration i.e., 26Fe3+ = [Ar] 3d5
So, the ionization energy will be least as compared to
others, so, the third ionization enthalpy is minimum is Fe.
295. The correct order of the first ionisation
enthalpies is
(a) Mn < Ti < Zn < Ni (b) Ti < Mn < Zn < Ni
(c) Zn < Ni < Mn < Ti (d) Ti < Mn < Ni < Zn
(JEE Main 2019, 10 April Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : When we move from left to right in a period
ionisation enthalpies increases
Species Ti Mn Ni Zn
Ionisation 656 717 736 906
enthalpy
(kJ/mole)
296. In comparison to boron, beryllium has
(a) lesser nuclear charge and lesser first
ionisation enthalpy
(b) greater nuclear charge and lesser first
ionisation enthalpy
(c) greater nuclear charge and greater first
ionisation enthalpy
(d) lesser nuclear charge and greater first
ionisation enthalpy
(JEE Main 2019, 12 April Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : The first ionisation of beryllium is greater
than that of boron because beryllium has a stable
complete electronic configuration (1s2 2s2) so it requires
more energy to remove the first electron from it.
Thus, the nuclear charge of boron is greater than nuclear
charge of Beryllium (Be)
297. Assertion: Ionisation enthalpy of beryllium is
higher than that of boron.
Reason: Across the period, from left to right,
ionisation enthalpy decreases.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Morning)
Ans. (c): According to periodic trends, boron should
have a higher ionization energy but because its valence
shell 2p1 is Shielded by the 2s electron, less energy is
required to remove the 2p electrons from a boron atom
than is required to remove the 2s electron from a
beryllium atom.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 285
298. Assertion: Li has high ionisation enthalpy, while
Li is the strongest reducing agent in aqueous
medium.
Reason : Li has high oxidation potential.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect.
AIIMS 26 May 2019 (Evening)
Ans. (a): Li has high ionization energy, while Li is the
strongest reducing agent in aqueous medium because of
large amount of hydration energy is realized and on
account of large amount of hydration energy molecules
it strongest reducing agent and Li has high oxidation
potential.
299. The element having greater difference between
its first and second ionization energies, is:
(a) Ca (b) Sc
(c) Ba (d) K
(JEE Main 2019, 9 April Shift-I)
AIIMS 25 May 2019 (Morning)
Ans. (d): Alkali metal have high difference in the first
and second ionization energy and they achieve stable
noble gas configuration offer first ionization. First
ionization energy is the energy required to remove an
electron from an atom in the gaseous state.
The second ionization energy is defined as the energy
needed to remove one mole of 1+ ions in the gaseous
state to form one mole of 2+ ions in the gaseous state.
The value of 2nd I.E. are-
For Ca, I.E2 = 1145.4 kJ/mole
Sc, I.E2 = 1235.0 kJ/mole
K, I.E2 = 3052.0 kJ/mole
Ba, I.E2 = 965.2 kJ/mole
Hence, potassium (K) has highest ionization energy.
300. The first ionization enthalpy of the following
elements are in the order:
(a) C < N < Si < P (b) P < Si < N < C
(c) P < Si < C < N (d) Si < P < C < N
Karnataka-CET-2019
Ans. (d) : When moving from left to right in a period
ionization energy increase and moving from top to
bottom in a group ionization energy decreases.
Therefore nitrogen has higher ionization energy and
silicon has lower ionization energy so, the first
ionization enthalpy order of the element are-
Si < P < C < N
301. Which of the following has highest second
ionisation energy :
(a) Chromium (b) Calcium
(c) Iron (d) Cobalt
Manipal-2019
Ans. (a) : The electronic configuration of Cr is
2 2 6 2 6 1 5
24Cr = 1s , 2s , 2p , 3s , 3p , 4s , 3d
After ionisation of one electron then the electronic
configuration is-
YCT
Cr+ = 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s0, 3d5 (a) –217.6 eV (b) 54.4 eV
It has half-filled stable configuration. So, the second (c) 108.8 eV (d) 4 eV
ionisation of Cr will require much greater ionisation J & K CET-(2018)
energy than the expected one. Ans. (a) : According to Bohr's model of energy
302. The second ionisation energy of the following z2
elements follows the order E = –13.6 × 2
(a) Zn > Cd > Hg (b) Zn > Cd > Hg n
Where, E = Energy of electron
(c) Cd > Hg < Zn (d) Zn < Cd < Hg
n = Shell
WB-JEE-2019 Z = Atomic number
Ans. (a) : From moving top to bottom in a group
ionisation energy decrease due to nuclear charge increases, −13.6 × 42
Ionisation energy of 1st orbit of Be =
atomic size increase and the number of shells increases. 12
Thus the electron are loosely held with the nucleus. = –13.6 × 16
The order of ionisation energy is– = –217.6 eV
Zn > Cd > Hg So, Ionisation energy = 217.6 eV
303. The successive ionization energies in kJ/mol of 307. The ionisation energy of nitrogen is larger than
an element P are 740, 1500, 7000, 10500, 13600, that of oxygen because :
18000 and 21700. Which ion is the most likely (a) the size of nitrogen atom is smaller
to be formed when P reacts with chloride? (b) there is greater attraction of electrons towards
(a) p2– (b) p+ the nucleus
2+
(c) p (d) p3+ (c) half-filled p-orbitals of nitrogen have extra
COMEDK 2018 stability
Ans. (c) : After losing two electrons, there is sudden (d) None of the above
huge increase in IE from 1500 to 7000 kJ/mol. It means Manipal-2017
that after losing two electrons, some stable Ans. (c) : The electronic configuration of nitrogen and
configuration is achieved. So, element P forms P2+ ion. oxygen are-
2 2 3
304. Assertion: Second ionization enthalpy will be 7N - 1s , 2s , 2p
2 2 4
higher than the first ionization enthalpy. 8O - 1s , 2s , 2p
Reason: Ionization enthalpy is quantitative Thus, the ionisation energy of nitrogen is larger than
measure of the tendency of an element to lose that of oxygen because of half-filled p-orbitals of
electron. nitrogen have extra stability.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and 308. The first four ionization enthalpy values of an
the Reason is the correct explanation of element are 191 kcal mol−1, 578 kcal mol−1, 872
Assertion. kcal mol−1 and 5962 kcal mol−1 . The number of
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but valence electrons in the element is
Reason is not the correct explanation of (a) 1 (b) 2
Assertion. (c) 3 (d) 4
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. CG PET -2017
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are Ans. (c) : In the given statement, first three I.E. values
incorrect. are low, but 4th I.E. value is quite high and cannot be
AIIMS-27 May, 2018 achieved (i.e.5962 kcal/mol)
Ans. (b): Second ionization enthalpy will be highest ∴ Only three electrons are possible in the valence shell.
than first ionization energy because after removal of So, possible valency is (3).
first electron. The nuclear charge increases and 309. First and second ionisation enthalpies of Mg
electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus. This is are 737.76 and 1450.73 J mol-1 respectively.
makes the removal of second electrons difficult and The energy required to convert all the atoms of
thus, requires more energy. magnesium to magnesium ions present in 24g
305. Amongst the elements with following electronic of magnesium vapours is
configurations, which one of them may have (a) 24 kJ (b) 2.188 kJ
the highest ionization energy? (c) 12 kJ (d) 4.253 kJ
(a) Ne[3s 2 3p 2 ] (b) Ar[3d10 4s 2 4p3 ] CG PET- 2016
Ans. (b) : Given that,
(c) Ne[3s 2 3p1 ] (d) Ne[3s 2 3p3 ] Mg(g) + ∆H1 → Mg+(g) + e–;735.76 kJ/mole
BITSAT 2018 Mg+(g) + ∆H2 → Mg+2(g) e–; 1450.73 kJ/mole
Ans. (d) : The smaller the atomic size, larger is the ∴ Total amount of energy needed to convert Mg(g)
value of ionization potential. Further the atoms having atom into Mg+2(g) ions = ∆H1 + ∆H2
half filled or fully filled orbitals are comparatively more = 737.76 + 1450.73
stable, hence more energy is required to remove the = 2188.49 kJ/mole
electron from such atoms. 24 24
306. What will be ionization energy of Be atom? Since, 24g of Mg = kg = mole
Consider the first ionization energy of H atom 1000 24 ×1000
–3
as 13.6 eV. = 10 mole
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 286 YCT
∴ Amount of energy needed to ionize 10–3 mole of Mg Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p3
vapours = 2188.49 × 10–3 having a half-filled electronic configuration which is
= 2.188 kJ stable. If one electron is removed then the high amount
310. Elements which have relatively high ionisation of energy is required.
energy and occur as sulphides are 316. For one of the element various successive
(a) halogens (b) transition elements ionisation enthalpies (in kJ mol–1) are given
(c) alkali metals (d) metalloids. below.
SRMJEEE-2016 IE 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Ans. (d) : Metalloids have high ionisation energy and 577.5 1810 2750 11,580 14,820
occur as sulphides. The element is
311. The correct decreasing order of first ionisation (a) Si (b) P
enthalpies of five elements of the second period (c) Al (d) Mg
is
Karnataka-CET-2015
(a) Be >B>C>N>F (b) N >F>C>B>Be
(c) F >N>C>Be>B (d) N >F>B>C>Be Ans. (c) : For the given third ionisation energy is 2750
AIIMS-2016 KJ and fourth ionisation energy is 11580 KJ. Therefore,
Ans. (c): The ionization enthalpy of B is lower than that the fourth ionisaiton energy is much higher, it means
of Be. This is because electronic configuration of (1s2, removal of the 4th electron is from the stable
2s2, 2p1) is less stable than that of Be(1s2, 2s2) which configuration, so the element is aluminum.
has completely filled orbitals. The 2p orbital of B is not 317. The correct order of first ionization enthalpies
strongly attracted by the nucleus as the 2s electron of of the following elements is
Be. Thus, the increasing order of first ionization (a) Be > Mg > Ca > Sr > Ra > Ba
enthalpies of element is- (b) Ra > Ba > Sr > Ca > Mg > Be
F > N > C > Be > B (c) Be > Mg > Ca > Sr > Ba > Ra
312. The second ionisation enthalpy of which of the (d) Ra > Sr > Ba > Mg > Ca > Be
following alkaline earth metals is the highest? (e) Be > Mg > Ca > Ra > Ba > Sr
(a) Ba (b) Mg
Kerala-CEE-2015
(c) Ca (d) Sr
(e) Be Ans. (a) : On moving from up to down in a group
Kerala-CEE-2016 ionization energy decrease due to effective nuclear
charge increase. So, the correct order of first ionization
Ans. (e) : Ionization energy increase on decreasing the
size of atom. enthalpies of the element is-
Be > Mg > Ca > Sr > Ra > Ba
1
Ionisation energy ∝ 318. The energy required to excite the electron in
size the atom from n = 1 to n = 2, when the
The second ionisation energy of Be is the enthalpy ionization enthalpy of hydrogen atom is 1.312 ×
change when 1 mole of gaseous ion of an element each 106J/mole will be (in the unit of 105).
with a single positive charge each lose an electron to
form gaseous ion each with a double positive charge ie. (a) 8.53 (b) 7.51
Be+2 due to less size and high ionisation potential. (c) 8.92 (d) 9.86
313. Which of the following atoms has the highest BCECE-2015
first ionisation energy? Ans. (d) : Given that, I.E. = 1.312 × 106
(a) Na (b) K IE = E∞ – E1
(c) Sc (d) Rb 1.312 × 106 = 0 – E1
(JEE Main 2016) E1 = –1.312 × 106 J/mole
Ans. (c) : Order of ionisation energy is Sc > Na > K > 1.312 ×106 × (1) 2 −1.312 ×106
Rb. It is poor shielding effect and removal of one ∴ E2 = =
electron from 4s orbital is difficult as compared to 3s- 22 4
orbital. E2 = –3.28 × 105 J/mole
314. The ionization energy of hydrogen atom in the ∆E = E2 – E1
= –3.28 × 105 – (–1.312 × 106)
ground state is
(a) 13.6 MeV (b) 13.6 eV = 9.86 × 105 J/mole.
(c) 13.6 Joule (d) Zero 319.Atomic numbers of vanadium, chromium, nickel
NDA (II)-2017 and iron are 23, 24, 28 and 26 respectively.
Ans. (b) Ionization energy is the amount of energy Which one of these is expected to have the
required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or highest second ionization enthalpy?
molecule. The ionization energy of hydrogen atom in (a) Cr (b) V
the ground state is 13.6 eV. (c) Fe (d) Ni
315. Highest energy will be absorbed to eject out the COMEDK 2014
electron in the configuration. Ans. (a) : Second ionization enthalpy of Cr is highest
(a) 1s22s22p1 (b) 1s22s22p3 because after the removal of 1st electron, Cr acquires a
2 2 2
(c) 1s 2s 2p (d) 1s22s22p4 stable half-filled d5 configuration thus, removal of 2nd
JIPMER-2016 electron is very difficult.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 287 YCT
320. Ionization energy and electron affinity are Ar is higher ionisation energy because it is a noble gas
defined at and Ba has the lowest ionization energy as it in six
(a) enthalpy (b) spontaneity period of element.
(c) equilibrium (d) absolute zero. So, the increasing order of first ionisation energy are-
J & K CET-(2014) Ba < Ca < Se < S < Ar
Ans. (d) : The electron affinity of an atom or molecule 325. Which of the following elements has highest
is defined as the amount of energy released when an ionisation potential?
electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the (a) B (b) C
gaseous state to form a negative ion. The ionisation (c) N (d) O
enthalpy is defined as the change of electron as negative MPPET - 2012
sign when energy released overall say that electron
affinity and ionisation energy are defined at absolute Ans. (c) : Amount of energy required to remove an e–
zero. from the valence shell called ionisation energy.
Nitrogen has greater ionization energy than oxygen
321. The incorrect statements among the following because nitrogen has half filled stable configuration
is than the other element so removal of electron required
(a) the first ionization potential of Al is less than the more energy hence highest ionisation potential.
the first ionization potential of Mg
(b) the second ionization potential of Mg is lower 326. The atomic number of the element with highest
than the second ionization potential of Na ionization energy among the following is
(c) the first ionization potential of Na is less than (a) Z = 16 (b) Z= 14
the first ionization potential of Mg (c) Z=13 (d) Z= 15
(d) the third ionization potential of Mg is greater COMEDK 2012
than the third ionisation potential of Al Ans. (d) : For element with Z = 15, electronic
UPTU/UPSEE-2014 configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3 p1x 3p1y 3p1z .
Ans. (b) : Ionisation energy is the energy required to
remove one electron from the atom. The second Due to exactly half filled configuration of 3p orbital, the
ionization potential indicates the energy required to element will have the highest ionization energy.
remove another electron after the first ionization. 327. A large increase from the first to the second
Hence, the second ionization potential of Mg is higher ionisation energy of an element 'A' can be seen
than the second ionization potential of Na. if its electronic configuration is
322. The correct order of ionization energies is (a) 1s22s22p63s1 (b) 1s22s22p63s2
2 2 5
(a) Cu > Ag > Au (b) Cu > Au > Ag (c) 1s 2s 2p (d) 1s22s22p63s23p2
(c) Au > Cu > Ag (d) Ag > Au > Cu SRMJEEE – 2012
UPTU/UPSEE-2013 Ans. (a) : Element with electronic configuration 1s2
Ans. (c) : These element belong to the 11 group of 2s2 2p6 3s1 have large increase in first ionization energy
Periodic tables. As we move down the group, ionization to second ionisation due to stable configuration.
energy decreases, but due to f-electrons and its 328. Among the following the elements of highest
ionization energy becomes high so, the order of first ionization enthalpy is
ionization energies is- (a) C (b) F
Au > Cu > Ag (c) Be (d) N
323. When the first ionization energies are plotted (e) Ne
against atomic number, the peaks are occupied Kerala-CEE-2012
by Ans. (e) : Ne has high ionisation enthalpy because
(a) Alkali metals (b) Rare gases
noble gases have completely filled valence shells that
(c) Halogens (d) Transition elements
are highly stable, a high amount of energy would be
BITSAT 2013 required to remove even a single electron from the
Ans. (b) : Rare gases; as the electron is to be removed valence shell of a noble gas. It can difficult to remove
from stable configuration. an electron from any of the noble gases.
324. Which of the following represents the correct 329. If the first ionization energy of H atom is 13.6
order of increasing first ionization enthalpy for eV, then the second ionization energy of He
Ca, Ba, S, Se and Ar ? atom is
(a) Ca < S < Ba < Se < Ar
(a) 27.2 eV (b) 40.8 eV
(b) S < Se < Ca < Ba < Ar
(c) 54.4 eV (d) 108.8 eV
(c) Ba < Ca < Se < S < Ar
(d) Ca < Ba < S < Se < Ar WB-JEE-2012
(JEE Main 2013) Ans. (c) : We know that,
Ans. (c) : Ionisation energy of element increases across Z2
a period in the periodic table because the electrons are E = –13.6× 2 eV
n
held tightly by the higher effective nuclear charge. For second ionisation energy
The ionisation energy of the elements decreases on
moving down the group because the electrons are held 22
E = –13.6× 2
in lower energy orbitals away from the nucleus. 1
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 288 YCT
 = –13.6 × 4
= –54.4 eV
Hence, the second ionization energy of He atom is 54.4
eV.
330. Which one of the following does not correctly
represent the correct order of the property
indicated against it?
(a) Ti < V < Cr < Mn; increasing number of
oxidation states
(b) Ti3+ < V3+ < Cr3+ < Mn3+; magnetic moment
(c) Ti < V < Cr < Mn : increasing 2nd ionization
(d) Ti < V < Mn < Cr : increasing 2nd ionization
enthalpy
(NEET-Mains 2012)
Ans. (c) : The increasing order of second ionisation
energy is Cr > Mn > V > Ti
(A) Ti < V < Cr < Mn has increasing oxidation state
(B) Ti3+ < V3+ < Cr3+ < Mn3+ has magnetic moment
increases
(C) Ti < V < Mn < Cr has increasing 2nd ionisation
enthalpy
331. Which one of the following electronic
configuration corresponds to the highest value
of ionisation potential?
(a) [Xe]6s2 (b) [Ar] 4s2 3d10
2
(c) ls (d) [Rn]7s26d15f14
UP CPMT-2012
Ans. (c) : 1s2 has the highest value of ionisation
potential, because the outermost electrons are very close
to nucleus.
332. On adding AlCl3 to water
(a) the ionisation of water increases
(b) the ionisation of water decreases
(c) the ionisation of water remains constant
(d) the ionic product of water increases
UP CPMT-2011
Ans. (a) : AlCl3 gives Al3+ ions which combine with
OH– ions given by H2O so that dissociation equilibrium
of H2O shifts in forward direction i.e. ionisation of
water increases.
333. Which one of K, I, Cl and Li will display the
highest first ionisation energy?
(a) K (b) I
(c) Cl (d) Li
UPTU/UPSEE-2011
Ans. (c) : On moving down a group the valence shell
becomes for away from the nucleus and thus, nuclear
attraction towards valence electron decreases which
results in decreases in ionisation energy. Thus, chlorine
has the highest first ionisation energy among all the
given elements.
334. The correct decreasing order of first ionisation
enthalpies of five elements of the second period is
(a) Be > B > C > N > F (b) N > F > C > B > Be
(c) F > N > C > Be > B (d) N > F > B > C > Be
(e) F > C > N > B > Be
Kerala-CEE-2011
Ans. (c) : We move from left to right in a period the
ionisation enthalpy increase with increasing atomic
number.
In Be and B, Be has full-filled 2s-subshell has extra
ionisation energy than boron.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 289
As a result the 2p electron of B is not strongly attracted
by the nucleus of 2s-electron of Be. So, the decreasing
order of first ionisation energy of element are-
F > N > C > Be > B
335. Which one of the following is correct order of
second ionisation potential of Na, Ne, Mg and
Al?
(a) Al < Na < Mg < Ne
(b) Ne < Al < Na < Mg
(c) Mg < Al < Ne < Na
(d) Na < Mg < Ne < Al
AP-EAMCET- (Engg.)-2011
Ans. (c) : Na +2 – 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5
Ne+2 – 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 4
Mg +2 –1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 6 , 3s0
Al+2 – 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 6 , 3s1
Thus, the ionization energy decreases as the size of the
atom increases. Since, Mg+2 is stable electronic
configuration. Hence the ionization energy (I.E2) is the
highest than other species.
IE 2 ⇒ Mg < Al < Ne < Na.
336. Assertion: Element has a tendency to lose the
electron(s) to attain the stable configuration.
Reason: Ionization enthalpy is the energy
released to remove and electron from an
isolated gaseous atom in its ground state.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
the Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
AIIMS-2011
Ans. (c): The element has tendency to lose the electrons
to attain the stable configuration. The atom with one
valence electron will lose one electron to form a stable
configuration.
Ionization enthalpy is the energy required to remove an
electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground
state. Energy is required to overcame the attraction
between nucleus and valence electron.
337. Which element is expected to have lowest first
ionization energy?
(a) Sr (b) As (c) Xe (d) S
J & K CET-(2010)
Ans. (a) : The electronic configuration of given element
are-
2
38Sr = [Kr] 5s
10 2 3
33As = [Ar] 3d 4s 4p
10 2 6
54Xe = [Kr] 3d 5s 5p
2 4
16S = [Ne] 3s 3p
When the distance from outer electron from nucleus
increases, it becomes very easy to remove an electron.
Therefore, the ionisaiton energy decrease. So, Sr is
lowest first ionisation energy among the given.
YCT
338. Which of the following relation is correct? (a) 5 (b) 2
(a) Ist IE of C > Ist IE of B (c) 3 (d) 4
(b) Ist IE of C < Ist IE of B BCECE-2009
(c) IInd IE of C > IIst IE of B Ans. (c) : Let the element is Z.
(d) Both (b) and (c)
JIPMER-2010
Ans. (a): The electronic configuration of carbon is 1s2 2s2
2p2 and electronic configuration of boron is 1s2 2s2 2p1
If one electron is removed easily due to stable
configurations. Ionisation energy is minimum but in carbon Thus, Z3+ has stable inert gas configuration as there is
one electron is removed due to high ionisation energy. high jump after IE3. So, the valence electrons are 3.
339. The incorrect order of second ionization 343. Which one of the following order is correct for
energies in the following is the first ionisation energies of the elements?
(a) Rb > K (b) Na > Mg (a) B < Be < N < O (b) Be < B < N < O
(c) Cr > Mn (d) S > P (c) B < Be < O <N (d) B < O < Be < N
AP- EAMCET(Medical) -2010 AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2009
Ans. (a): As we know that ionisation energies decreases Ans. (c): Ionisation energy of B than that of Be because
down the group due to increase of size of metal and B(1s2, 2s2, 2p2) electron is to removed from 2p orbitals
increases left to right in periodic table. Rb and K are while Be(1s2, 2s2) electron is to be removed from 2s is
belongs to the 1st group of the periodic table. The difficult due to filled s-orbitals. The ionization energy
correct order of second ionisation energy will be K>Rb. of oxygen is lower than N due to half filled 2p orbitals
The correct order is given as follows – in N(1s2, 2s2, 2p3)
Na > Mg (Third period metal) Therefore, the increasing order are-
Cr > Mn (Fourth period metals) B < Be < O < N
S > P (Third Period metal) 344. The pair of elements having approximately
340. Which of the following statement is correct equal ionization potential is
about ionization potential? (a) Al, Ga (b) Al, Si
(a) It is independent of atomic radii. (c) Al, Mg (d) Al, B
(b) It remains constant with change in atomic UPTU/UPSEE-2009
radii. Ans. (a) : The pair of elements having approximately
(c) It increases with an increase in atomic radii. equal ionisaiton energy is Al and Ga. Ionisation energy
(d) It decreases with an increased in atomic radii. increases with a decreases in atomic size and due to the
AIIMS-2010 increase in the shielding effect of inner electrons.
Ans. (d): The ionization energy is the energy to remove 345. The ionisation energy of nitrogen is larger than
an electron from the neutral atom. On moving across a that of oxygen because of
row with decrease in atomic radii. (a) greater attraction of electons by the nucleus
The ionization potential decreases with increase in (b) the size of the nitrogen atom being smaller
atomic radii. (c) the half-filled p-orbitals possess extra stability
341. Assertion (A) K, Rb and Cs form superoxide’s. (d) greater penetration effect.
Reason (R) the stability of the superoxide’s SRMJEEE – 2008
increases from ‘K’ to ‘Cs’ due to decrease in Ans. (c) : The ionisation energy of nitrogen is larger
lattice energy. than of oxygen because of nitrogen has half-filled p-
The correct answer is orbital is more stable thus, it is difficult to remove an
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the electron from it. Hence nitrogen has larger ionisation
correct explanation of (A) energy than oxygen.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the 346. The first ionization potential of Al, as
correct explanation of (A) compared to that of Mg is :
(c) (A) is true but (R) is not true (a) Greater (b) Lower
(d) (A) is not true but (R) is not true (c) The same (d) Twice as much
AP EAMCET (Engg.)-2009 BITSAT 2008
+ + +
Ans. (c): R , Rb and Cs are large cations and Ans. (b) : The first ionization potential of Al is lower
superoxide ion is bigger than oxide and peroxide ions than that 2of Mg because valence 2 1
shell configuration of
because of the higher lattice energies, a large cation Mg is 3s and of Al is 3s , 3p . As s-orbital –
is close to
Stabilizes a large anion, hence these metals form super nucleus than p-orbital. So removal of 1st e from Mg is
oxides. difficult and require more energy as compare to Al.
As, we move down the group, the size of an atom from 347. The first ionization energy of oxygen is less
K to Cs increases so, lattice energy decreases, therefore than that of nitrogen. Which of the following is
the stability of superoxide also decreases. the correct reason for this observation?
342. The successive ionisation energies of an element (a) Lesser effective nuclear charge of oxygen
are 800, 2,000, 3,600, 25,000 and 32,000 kJ/mol. then nitrogen
The number of valence electrons are (b) Lesser atomic size of oxygen than nitrogen
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 290 YCT
 (c) Greater interelectron repulsion between two
electrons in the same p-orbital counter
balances the increase in effective nuclear
charge on moving from nitrogen to oxygen
(d) Greater effective nuclear charge of oxygen
than nitrogen
(c) Higher electronegativity of oxygen than
Nitrogen
Kerala-CEE-2008
Ans. (c): The first ionization energy of oxygen is less
than that of nitrogen because we move from left to right
in a period atomic size decrease and ionization energy
will be increased due to greater effective nuclear charge
of oxygen than nitrogen.
348. The correct order of decreasing second
ionization enthalpy of Ti (22), V(23), Cr (24)
and Mn (25) is
(a) Mn > Cr > Ti > V (b) Ti > V > Cr > Mn
(c) Cr > Mn > V > Ti (d) V > Mn > Cr > Ti
(NEET-2008)
Ans. (c) : The electronic configuration are follow as-
Cr - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s1, 3d5
Mn - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d5
V - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d3
Ti - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d2
The value of the second ionisation energy of Cr is more
due to Cr+ has 3d5 configuration which is extra energy
is required than the Mn.
So, the order of 2nd ionisation energy is-
Cr > Mn > V > Ti
349. The comparatively high b.pt. of HF is due to
(a) high reactivity of fluorine
(b) small size of hydrogen atom
(c) formation of hydrogen bonds and consequent
association
(d) high IE of fluorine
MHT CET-2007
Ans. (c) : Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is found in
(HF)n due to higher electronegativity of fluorine atoms
Hydrogen bonding is associated of HF molecule. So, the
high boiling point of HF is due to formation of
hydrogen bonds and consequent association.
350. Highest ionizing power is exhibited by
(a) α-rays (b) β-rays
(c) γ-rays (d) X-rays
UP CPMT-2007
Ans. (a) : Highest ionizing power is exhibited by α-
rays. This is 100 times greater than β-rays and 10,000
times greater than γ-rays. This is due to high kinetic
energy of α–particle.
351. Ionisation energy decreases down the group
due to
(a) increase in charge
(b) increase in atomic size
(c) decrease in atomic size
(d) decrease in shilding effect
UP CPMT-2007
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 291
Ans. (b) : Ionisation energy is defined as the energy
required to remove an electron from the outermost orbit
of an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state.
A → A + + e− [first IE]
Ionisation energy decrease in a group as the atomic
number increases. It is based on the fact that we move
down a group, the size of atom increases, and the outer
electrons became further away from the nucleus thus
reducing the force of attraction and hence ionization
energy decreases with increase in the atomic size.
352. Which of the following has lowest ionization energy?
(a) Oxygen (b) Nitrogen
(c) Fluorine (d) Sulphur
UP CPMT-2007
Ans. (d) : Ionisation energy is defined as the energy
required to remove an electron from the outermost orbit
of an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state.
As down the group, the number of inner shells increase.
Therefore, ionization energy decrease due to screening
effect.
Among oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine and sulphur, the
lowest ionization energy is of sulphur. As their first
ionization values indicated below.
N= 1402. 1kJ/mil, O= 1313.7 kJ/mol
F= 1680.8kJ/mol, S= 999.4 kJ/mol
353. The successive ionization energy values for an
element 'X' are given below :
(i) 1st ionisation energy = 410 kJ mol–1
(ii) 2nd ionisation energy = 820 kJ mol–1
(iii) 3rd ionisation energy = 1100 kJ mol–1
(iv) 4th ionisation energy = 1500 kJ mol–1
(v) 5th ionisation energy = 3200 kJ mol–1
Find out the number of valence electron for the
atom 'X'.
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 5 (d) 2
(e) 1
Kerala-CEE-2006
Ans. (a) : According to the given species there is a large
jump from first to second ionization energy. The second
ionisation energy is more indicate that its than the first
ionisation energy. It stable electronic configuration after
the removal of one electron. Hence, the number of
valence electron is 1. This indicates that element 'x'
belong to alkali matal group, so, the valence electron of
the x is 4.
354. First inonisation potential is highest for
(a) Na (b) Mg
(c) Al (d) None of these
CG PET -2006
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of Mg is 1s2,
2s2, 2p6, 3s2
Mg has stable electronic configuration due to full filled
of 3s orbital. Hence, the amount of energy require to
remove the electron is high.
355. Element having maximum ionization energy
(a) Na (b) Li
(c) K (d) Rb
UP CPMT-2005
YCT
Ans. (b) : The ionisation enertgy is amount of energy Ans. (b) : The first ionisation potentials generally
required to take out most loosely bonded electron from increases when we move from left to right in a period.
an isolated gaseous atom. The ionisation energy But elements with stable configurations have higher
decreases down the group. ionization potentials than expected.
Q the choices given are all members of group (Na, Li, IInd period Be B C N O
K, Rb) Valence shell 2s2 2s2,2p1 2s2,2p2, 2s2,2p3 2s2,2p4
∴ the first member (Li) will have maximum ionization configuration.
energy. All the given options are of second period. Among them
356. Assertion: First ionization energy for nitrogen oxygen is expected to have highest ionization potential,
is lower than oxygen. but nitrogen (2s2,2p3) has higher ionisation potential due
Reason: Across a period effective nuclear to its more stable configuration as compared to oxygen
charge decreases. (2s2,2p4).
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and 360. Ionisation depends upon
the Reason is a correct explanation of the (a) Pressure (b) Volume
Assertion. (c) Dilution (d) None of these
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but UP CPMT-2004
Reason is not a correct explanation of the Ans. (c) : Ionisation of strong electrolyte increases with
Assertion. dilution.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is Ionisation of electrolytes also depend on concentration
incorrect. temperature, nature of solute and nature of solvent.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect. 361. The energy of last element of Li will be:
(e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is (a) –30.6 eV (b) –13.6 eV
correct. (c) –24.6 eV (d) –28.6 eV
AIIMS-2005 JCECE - 2004
Ans. (e): When on moving from left to right in a period Ans. (a) : We know that,
atomic number and nuclear charge increase and size Z2
decrease, as a result ionization energy increase, But the E = –13.6 2 eV
n
element of IIA and VA group on the account of their For Li, Z = 3, n = 2
half-filled and completely filled orbitals respectively Hence, the energy of last element of Li will be
have stable configuration.
357. The order of first ionization energies of the −13.6 × 32 −13.6 × 9
E= = = –30.6 eV
elements Li, Be, B, Na is: 22 4
(a) Li > Be > B > Na (b) Be > B > Li > Na 362. Which of the following has maximum
(c) Na > Li > B > Be (d) Be > Li > B > Na ionization energy?
(e) B > Be > Li > Na (a) Cesium (b) Fluorine
Kerala-CEE-2005 (c) Xenon (d) Nitrogen
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration of the given JCECE - 2004
species are- Ans. (b) : Ionisation energy is the amount of energy
Be = 1s2 2s2 required to take out most lossely bonded electron from
B = 1s2 2s2 2p1 isolated gaseous atom on moving left to right in a period
Li = 1s2 2s1 ionisation energy increase and on a group decreases.
Na = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Therefore, fluorine has maximum ionisation energy.
In Be has stable electronic configuration with fully 363. Which of the following is a favourable factor
filled 2s-subshell has extra ionisation energy in for cation formation?
compared to other element. Thus, the correct order of (a) High electronegativity
ionisation energy is- (b) High electron affinity
Be > B > Li > Na (c) Low ionization potential
358. Which among the following elements have (d) Smaller atomic size
lowest value of IE1? A.P.EAMCET 2004
(a) Pb (b) Sn Ans. (c) : The low ionization potential energy mean that
(c) Si (d) C electron can be easily lost and cation formation is easier
UP CPMT-2004 or elements with a low ionization potential tend to be
Ans. (b) : Ionisation energy decreases down the group reducing agents and form cations.
due to increase in size but ionization energy of Sn is 364. The first ionisation potentials of four
less than that of Pb due to the effective shielding of the consecutive elements, present in the second
valence electrons by the intervening d and f- electrons. period of the periodic table, are 8.3, 11.3, 14.5
Element C Si Ge Sn Pb and 13.6 eV respectively. Which one of the
IE (kJ/mol) 1086 786 761 708 715 following is the first ionisation potential (in eV)
359. The first ionisation potential is maximum for of nitrogen?
(a) B (b) N (a) 13.6 (b) 11.2
(c) O (d) Be (c) 8.3 (d) 14.5
UP CPMT-2004 AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2004

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 292 YCT

Ans. (d) : The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. The 1
Ans. (a) : Ionisation potential ∝
electronic configuration of 7 N is 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p3 Atomicsize
It is clear that N has half filled configuration which is The atomic size increases down the group but decreases
stable. The removal of electron from outer shell of in a period.
nitrogen is very tedious and consuming high amount of ∴ The correct order of decreasing first ionization
energy. Hence, the first ionisation potential energy of potential is Ca > K > Rb > Cs.
nitrogen has more in values i.e. 14.5 eV.
370. Sodium forms Na+ ion but it does not form Na2+
365. The highest first ionisation potential is of : because of
(a) carbon (b) boron (a) very low value of Ist and IInd I.E
(c) oxygen (d) nitrogen (b) very high value of Ist and IInd I.E
BCECE-2004 (c) high value of Ist I.E. and low value of IInd I.E.
Ans. (d) : First ionization energy is the amount of (d) low value of Ist. I.E. and high value of IInd I.E.
energy required to remove one mole of electron from a AIIMS-2001
gaseous atom under standard condition.
It is easy to remove one of the electron than the Ans. (d): Sodium has one valence electron sodium from
unpaired electron in nitrogen. Hence, nitrogen has a Na+ ion by losing its valence electron and attains the
highest first ionization potential. stable electronic configuration of Ne with a completed
octet. This energy requires less energy. The removal of
366. The atomic numbers of vanadium (V), second electron will break this stable electronic
chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) configuration and requires high energy. Sodium forms
are, respectively 23, 24, 25 and 26. Which one
of these may be expected to have the highest Na+ ions but does not form Na+2 because of the low
second ionisation enthalpy? value of (I.E)1 and high value of (I.E)2.
(a) V (b) Cr 371. Ionic radius (in Å) of As 3+ , Sb 3+ and Bi 3+
(c) Mn (d) Fe follow the order
(AIEEE 2003)
(a) As3+ > Sb3+ > Bi3+ (b) Sb3+ > Bi3+ > As3+
Ans. (b) : The electronic configuration are-
2 2 6
23V = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d
2 6 2 3 (c) Bi3+ > As3+ > Sb3+ (d) Bi3+ > Sb3+ > As3+
2 2 6 2 6 1 5
24Cr = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d A.P.EAMCET 2001
2 2 6 2 6 2 5
25 Mn = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d Ans. (d) : Ionic radii increases in a group from top to
2 2 6 2 6 2 6
26Fe = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d bottom due to increase in atomic number .
The chromium it loses one electron to form [Ar] 3d5 4s0 Bi3+ > Sb3+ > As3+
in which 3d subshell is half-filled and stable when
another electron is removed, it is removed from half- 372. The electronic configuration of elements A, B,
filled 3d subshell is lost. This requires more energy. and C are [He] 2s1, [Ne] 3s1 and [Ar] 4s1
367. Which one of the following is correct about respectively, which one of the following order is
stability of the given ions? correct for the first ionization potentials
(a) Pb2+ > Pb4+ (b) Pb4+ > Pb2+ (in kJ mol–1) of A, B and C?
2+
(c) Si > Si 4+
(d) Sn4+ > Sn2+ (a) A > B > C (b) C > B > A
AP EAMCET- 2003 (c) B > C > A (d) C > A > B
Ans. (a) : On going from top to bottom in a group, the A.P.EAMCET 2001
stability of lower oxidation state increases due to inertAns. (a) : Given that
pair effect. So, the correct order is Pb2+ > Pb4+. Electronic configuration of element
368. Which of the following has maximum energy? A = [He] 2s1 = Li
B = [Ne] 3s1 = Na
C = [Ar] 4s1 = K
Element A to C has increasing atomic size but
ionization potential decreases in the same order.
A>B>C
373. The electronic configuration of elements A, B
and C are [He]2s1, [Ne]3s1 and [Ar]4s1
respectively, which one of the following
protentials is correct for the first ionization
AIIMS-2002 potentials (in KJ mol-1 ) of A, B and C?
Ans. (c): The energy of orbital in increasing order are- (a) A > B > C (b) C > B > A
s <p < d < f (c) B > C > A (d) C > A > B
The energy is excited state is more than ground state. AP EAMCET (Engg.) 2001
Hence, the option (c) is correct. Ans. (a) : Given that
369. The correct order of decreasing first ionization
potential is A = [ He ]1s1 = Li
(a) Ca > K > Rb > Cs (b) Cs > Rb > K > Ca B = [ Ne]1s1 = Na I.P. decreases
(c) Ca > Cs > Rb > K (d) K > Rb > Cs > Ca C = [ Ar ]1s1 = K
UP CPMT-2001 ↓
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 293 YCT
 1 Ans. (d): The first ionization energy will be maximum
Size ∝ for hydrogen since it has small size hydrogen has only
Ionisation potential one electron and after losing that electron it will be a
Order of ionization potential- nucleus with positive charge which is unstable.
K < Na < Li 378. Which one of the following configurations
C<B<A represents atom of the element having the
374. Which of the following has the highest first IP? highest second ionization energy?
(a) Al (b) Si (a) ls2 2s2 2p4 (b) ls2 2s2 2p6
2 2 6 l
(c) K (d) P (c) ls 2s 2p 3s (d) ls2 2s2 2p6 3s2
J & K CET-(1998)
A.P.EAMCET 2000
Ans. (c) : The element with the electronic configuration
Ans. (d) : The amount of energy required to remove 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 will have the highest second ionization
electron from an isolated atom or molecule. Phosphorus enthalpy because the 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 loses one electron
has highest first ionisation potential due to half filled to form 1s2 2s2 2p6. It is a stable electronic configuration
orbitals. It has stable configuration than other. of noble gas. The removal of second electron will
Electronic configuration of phosphorus. required to high amount of energy.
P = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 379. Identify the correct statement in respect of an
375. Which of the following species has the highest element in a particular group of the periodic
ionization potential? table?
(a) Li+ (b) Mg+ (a) A decrease is nuclear charge causes an
(c) Al +
(d) Ne increase in ionization energy.
A.P.EAMCET 1998 (b) An increase in nuclear charge causes an
increase in ionization energy.
Ans. (a) : Li+ = 1s 2 (c) A decrease in atomic size decreases the
Mg+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s1 ionization energy.
(d) An increase in the number of valence
Al+ = 1s 2 2p 2 2p6 3s 2 electrons decreases the ionization energy.
J & K CET-(1997)
Ne = 1s 2 2s 2 2p6
Ans. (b) : On moving left to right in a period ionisation
Li+ = 1s2 energy increase due to nuclear charge increase.
Both Li+ and Ne have noble gas configuration but due Ionisation energy ∝ Zeff
to small size and higher nuclear charge per electron in 380. Which one of the following elements has the
Li+, it has higher ionisation energy. highest first ionization potential ?
376. Which of the following has the highest first (a) Boron (b) Carbon
ionization potential? (c) Nitrogen (d) Oxygen
(a) Boron (b) Nitrogen A.P.EAMCET 1997
(c) Oxygen (d) Carbon Ans. (c) : Nitrogen element has the highest first
AP EAMCET (Medical) -1998 ionisation potential because of it has half-filled orbital
Ans. (b): The electronic configuration of non-metals and stable configuration so energy has high to remove
are given below– the electron of nitrogen.
381. Assertion: Electrons are ejected from a certain
Boron ( 5 B ) = 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p1 metal when either blue or violet light strikes the
metal surface. However, only violet light causes
↑ electron ejection from a second metal.
Nitrogen ( 7 N ) = 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p3 Reason: The electrons in the first metal require
less energy for ejection.
↑ ↑ ↑ (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the
Reason is a correct explanation of the
Oxygen ( 8 O ) = 1s ,2s ,2p
2 2 4
Assertion
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but
↑↓ ↑ ↑ Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Carbon ( 6 C ) = 1s , 2s , 2p 2
2 2 Assertion
(c) If Assertion is true but the Reason is false
↑ ↑ (d) If both Assertion and Reason are false
AIIMS-1996
Nitrogen has half-filled stable configuration due to
which there are more energy required for the removal of Ans. (a): The energy required to remove one electron in
the gaseous state is lesser i.e. ionization energy first
electron so that’s nitrogen has more first ionization than as compared to the second ionization energy.
enthalpy.
382. The order of decreases in atomic radii for Be,
377. The first ionisation potential is maximum for: Na, and Mg is
(a) Lithium (b) Uranium (a) Na > Mg > Be (b) Mg > Na > Be
(c) Iron (d) Hydrogen (c) Be > Na > Mg (d) Be > Mg > Na
AIIMS-1998 A.P.EAMCET 1995
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 294 YCT
 388. First three ionisation energies (in kJ/mol) of
Ans. (a) : 4 Be = 1s 2 2s 2
three representative elements are given below:
11 Na = 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s1 Element IE1 IE2 I E3
P 495.8 4562 6910
12 Mg = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 Q 737.7 1451 7733
The size of group IIA is less than group IA due to R 577.5 1817 2745
electron enter in the same shell and attraction towards Then incorrect option is:
the nucleus and electron increases. (a) Q: Alkaline earth metal
Thus, correct order is (b) P: Alkali metals
Na > Mg > Be (c) R: s-block element
(d) They belong to same period
383. The halogen with the highest ionization Ans. (c): The difference between Ionisation energy
potential is second and ionisation energy third is not very high as
(a) F (b) Cl compared to between ionisation energy second hence
(c) Br (d) I stable oxidation state of R will be higher than +2.
A.P.EAMCET 1993 Hence, first three ionization energies of three
Ans. (a) : Ionization potential decrease on moving representative elements are R: s-block element.
down the group hence fluorine has highest ionisation 389. Calculate the energy needed to convert three
potential. moles of sodium atoms in the gaseous state to
sodium ions. The ionization energy of sodium is
384. EN of an atom is given by the average of EA 495 kJ mol–1–
and ….. (a) 1485 kJ (b) 495 kJ
(a) EN (c) 148.5 kJ (d) none
(b) Ionization energy VITEEE-2019
(c) Electron affinity Ans. (a) : Given, the ionization energy of sodium is 495
(d) Electropositive character kJ mol–1
A.P.EAMCET 1992 ∴ Energy needed to convert 3 moles of Na (g) to Na+
Ans. (b) : According to Mulliken, Electronegativity of ions = 495 × 3 = 1485 kJ.
an elements is the average of Ionization Potential and 390. Ionisation energy of He+ is 19.6 × 10–18 J
Electron affinity. atom–1. The energy of the first stationary state
Ionization potential + Electron affinity (n = 1) of Li2+ is
Electronegativity(EN) = (a) 4.41 × 10–16 J atom–1
2
(b) –4.41 × 10–17 J atom–1
385. Ionisation potential of 1s electron is ….. than
that of 2s electron in the same atom. (c) –2.2 × 10–15 J atom–1
(a) Same (b) Lesser (d) 8.82 × 10–17 J atom–1
JEE Main, 2018
(c) Greater (d) None of these
Ans. (b) : Using the following equation-
A.P.EAMCET 1992
 Z2 
Ans. (c) : Ionisation potential of 1s electron is greater E n = −2.18 × 10−18  2  J
than that of 2s electron in the same atom because former n 
is more closer to the nucleus. Where, En = Energy of nth orbit
386. Al3+ ion has a lower ionic radius than Mg2+ ion Z = Atomic number
because n = No. of orbit
(a) Mg atom has less number of neutrons than Al Given– E1 = −19.6 × 10−18 J atom −1 , Z1 = 2, n1 = 1
(b) Al3+ has a higher nuclear charge than Mg2+ And E2 = ?, Z2 = 3, n2 = 1
(c) their electronegativities are different Z2
(d) Al has a lower ionization potential than Mg ∴ E1 = −2.18 ×10−18  12  J .….(i)
 n1 
atom
A.P.EAMCET 1992 Z 2
3+ 2+ E 2 = −2.18 × 10−18  22  J ….(ii)
Ans. (b) : Al ion has a lower ionic radius than Mg  n2 
ion because of Al3+ has a higher nuclear charge than From (i) and (ii) – we get
Mg2+. Nuclear charge increase then ionic radius
E1 Z12 n 2 2
decrease. = ×
E 2 Z2 2 n12
387. Among the alkali metals, the metal with the
highest ionisation potential is E Z 2n 2
Or E 2 = 1 22 21
(a) Na (b) K Z1 n 2
(c) Li (d) Cs
−19.6 × 10−18 ( J atom ) × 9 ×1
A.P.EAMCET 1991 E2 =
Ans. (c) : Ionisation potential is decrease from down the 4 ×1
−17
group hence Li metal has highest ionisation potential. E 2 = −4.41 × 10 J atom −1

Objective Chemistry Volume-I 295 YCT

 391. Consider the following changes CG PET -2009
M(s) → M(g) ….(1) AMU–2003
M(g) → M2+(g) + 2e– ….(2) JCECE – 2003
M(g) → M+(g) + e– ….(3) Ans. (b) : Electron affinity of elements decreases on
M+ (g) → M2+(g) + e– ….(4) going from top to bottom in a group. But, electron
M(g) → M2+(g) + 2e– ….(5) affinity of fluorine is unexpectedly lower than that of
The second ionization energy of M could be chlorine. This can be explained as follows:-
determined from the energy values associated Fluorine atom is small. So, electron charge density of F-
with atom is very high. The added electron will experience
(a) 1 + 2 + 4 (b) 1 + 5 – 3 strong electron-electron repulsion. As a result, when an
(c) 2 + 3 – 4 (d) 5 – 3 electron is added to F atom a certain amount of energy
VITEEE, 2015 is absorbed, and the net energy released during the
formation of anion is lesser. However, if an electron is
Ans. (d) : The second ionization energy is amount of
added to a relatively large p-orbital (3p in the case of
energy required to take out an electron from the
monopositive cation. Cl), electron-electron repulsion is minimised, and
higher electron affinity is observed.
Hence,
M(g) → M2+ + 2e– …..(v) 395. Maximum electron affinity is shown by the
following:
M(g) → M+ + e– …..(iii)
(a) Cl (b) Br
On subtracting equation (iii) from equation (v), we get–
(c) N (d) Na
M+ → M2+ + e–
MHT CET-2017
Hence, the correct is 5-3.
MPPET - 2012, J&K CET-2001
392. The incorrect statement among the following is AIIMS-1998, 1994
(a) the first ionisation potential of Al is less than
Ans. (a) : Electron affinity:- The amount of energy
the first ionisation potential of Mg
liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to
(b) the second ionisation potential of Mg is form a negatively charged ion.
greater than the second ionisation potential of
Na Electron affinity : Cl > F > Br > I.
1
(c) The first ionisation potential of Na is less than Electron affinity ∝ .
the first ionisation potential of Mg Atomicsize
(d) the third ionisation potential of Mg is greater 396. Which one of the following arrangements
than the third ionisation potential of Al represent the correct order of electron gain
IIT JEE, 1997 enthalpy (with negative sign) of the given
Ans. (b) : The second ionisation potential of Mg is less atomic species?
than the second ionisation potential of Na. (a) F < Cl < O < S (b) S < O < Cl < F
Na = IE2 = 4560 kJ/mol (c) Cl < F < S < O (d) O < S < F < Cl
Mg = I.E2 = 1450 kJ/mol UPTU/UPSEE-2014, 2007
Hence the option (b) is correct. UP CPMT-2013, BITSAT-2014
Ans. (d) : In general, on moving down in a group, EA
values decreases due to increase in size, because greater
6. Electron Affinity is the size of valence shell, lesser is the attraction and in
turn lesser is the EA.
393. Which halogen has the maximum electron But in period II and III, this order is reversed due to the
affinity? small size of period II elements.
(a) Fluorine (b) Chlorine Thus,
(c) Bromine (d) Iodine O < S and F < Cl
UP CPMT-2010 Because O and F atoms have high electron density
BCECE-2007, UP CPMT-2007  charge 
JIPMER-2006, UPTU/UPSEE-2015, 2006   and so repel the test electrons.
NEET-1999  volume 
Further, EA values increases as moving left to right
Ans. (b): On moving down a group, generally, electron along a period. It is because effective nuclear charge
affinity decreases. But in fluorine, due to its smaller size, increases on moving left to right and more is the
the incoming electron experiences greater force of effective nuclear charge, more is the attraction of
repulsion and hence, its electron affinity is lesser as nucleus towards test electrons and thus more will be
compared to the electron affinity of chlorine. Thus, among electron affinity. Thus, the overall increasing order of
the given, electron affinity is maximum for chlorine. EA would be
394. The correct order of electron affinity of F, Cl, O < S < F < Cl
Br and I is 397. The correct order of electron affinity is
(a) F > Cl > Br > I (b) Cl > F > Br > I (a) B < C < O > N (b) B > C > N > O
(c) I > Br > Cl > F (d) Br > I > Cl > F (c) O > C > B > N (d) O < C < B < N
UPTU/UPSEE-2016 J & K CET-(2005)
J&K CET-2012, 2008 Assam CEE-2014
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 296 YCT
Ans. (c) : When on going from left to right in the electron to fluorine 2p orbital causes greater repulsion
periodic table, electron affinity increases, because the than adding on electron to chlorine 3p orbital which is
distance between the nucleus and outermost shell larger size. Therefore, the order is-
decreases. So the attraction of the nucleus and electrons O < S < F < Cl
of the outermost shell increases hence the added 402. The correct order of electron gain enthalpy is:
electron get stabilization. Nitrogen has a half-filled (a) O > S > Se > Te (b) Te >Se >S >O
electronic configuration, so, it tendency to accept (c) S >O >Se >Te (d) S >Se >Te >O
electron is very less than carbon and boron. JEE Main 26.02.2021,Shift-II
Hence, the electron affinity order is- CGPET-2019
O>C>B>N Ans. (d) : Electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is very low
398. Born-Haber cycle can be used to estimate due to small size and compact nature of oxygen atom.
(a) electronegativity (b) electron affintiy Sulphur has highest electron gain enthalpy because
(c) ionic radii (d) All of these sulphur has vacant d-orbital. So the order of electron
UPTU/UPSEE-2010, 2008 gain enthalpy is –
Ans. (b) : The Born Haber– Cycle can be used to S > Se > Te > O
estimate the electron gain enthalpy, electron affinity, 403. Electron affinity is positive when
lattice energy of ionic solid, dissociation energy, heat of (a) O− is formed from O
formation etc.
(b) O2−is formed from O−
Born Haber cycle cannot be estimate by the
(c) O+ is formed from O
electronegativity and hydration energy, ionic radii etc.
(d) electron affinity is always a negative value
399. Which one of the following ionic species has the CG PET- 2013
greatest proton affinity to form stable BCECE-2006
compound?
(a) NH–2 (b) F– Ans. (b) : When O2– formed from O–, change is
– endothermic because O– repels the incoming electron
(c) I (d) HS–
due to similar charge. Therefore, it needs energy to
BCECE-2012 accept the electron. The second electron affinity of
NEET-2007 oxygen is particularly high because the electron is being
Ans. (a) : Proton affinity decreases across a period from forced into a small, very dense electron. Hence, the
left to right and down a group from top to bottom. electron affinity is positive.
Hence, the nitrogen family has highest proton followed
by oxygen family, followed by halogen. Also the ionic 404. Which of the following elements has the highest
pieces with greatest proton affinity form the strongest value of electron affinity?
(a) O (b) S
base. Therefore, NH −2 has the greatest proton affinity to
(c) Se (d) Te
form a stable compound. J & K CET-2016, 2012
400. The electron affinity of Be is similar to BCECE-2010
(a) He (b) B Ans. (b) : Oxygen has exceptionally smaller value of
(c) Li (d) Na electron affinity (–141 kJ) due to smaller atomic size
UP CPMT-2002 then sulphur. Hence S is highest value of electron
Manipal-2018 affinity.
Ans. (a) : The electronic configuration of these element 405. What is the value of electron gain enthalpy of
are– Na+ if IE1 of Na = 5.1 eV?
2 2
4Be = 1s , 2s (a) –5.1 eV (b) –10.2 eV
2
2He = 1s (c) +2.55 eV (d) +10.2 eV
2 2 1
5B = 1s , 2s 2p VITEEE- 2012
2 1
3Li = 1s 2s NEET-2011
2 2 6 1
11Na = 1s 2s 2p 3s Ans. (a) : Given that,
Thus, we can say that electron affinity of Be is similar Ionisation enthalpy of Na = 5.1 eV
to He. Thus, the electron gain enthalpy of sodium cation is
401. The correct order of electron affinity of oxygen, equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the first
sulphur, chlorine, fluorine is ionization energy of sodium atom. It is equal to –5.1
(a) S < O < Cl < F (b) S < O < F < Cl eV.
(c) O < S < F < Cl (d) O < S < Cl < F
406. The correct order of electron gain enthalpy
WB JEE-30.04.2022
with negative sign of F, Cl, Br and I, having
UPTU/UPSEE-2010 atomic number 9, 17, 35 and 53 respectively, is
Ans. (c) : On moving from top to bottom in a group the (a) I > Br > Cl > F (b) F > Cl > Br > I
electron affinity became less negative and on moving
from left to right across a period, the electron affinity (c) Cl > F > Br > I (d) Br > Cl > I > F
became more negative. Chlorine has more negative JEE Main-07.01.2020, Shift-I
electron affinity than fluorine because on adding on (AIEEE 2011)
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 297 YCT
Ans. (c) : Electron gain enthalpy has maximum in 410. The first electron affinity of C, N and O will be
corresponding period of halogen and it becomes less of the order
negative down the group. However, the negative (a) C < N < O (b) N < C < O
electron gain enthalpy of fluorine is less than that of (c) C < O < N (d) O < N < C
chlorine due to the small size of fluorine atom. WB-JEE-2019
Therefore, there are strong inter electronic repulsion in
Ans. (b) : The electron affinity of an atom or molecules
the relatively small 2p-orbital of fluorine thus, The
incoming electron does not experience much attraction. can be defined as the amount of energy released when
The correct order of electron gain enthalpy are- an electron is attached or gained by an electrically
Cl > F > Br > I neutral atom.
407. Among the options, the element with highest Nitrogen has a stable half-filled p-orbital.
electron gain enthalpy is Thus, the correct order of first electron affinity of C, N
(a) He (b) Ne and O will be
(c) Kr (d) Xe N<C<O
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 07.08.2021 Shift-II 411. Which of the following atoms should have the
Ans. (b) : highest Ist electron affinity?
Noble gas Electron gain enthalpy (a) F (b) O
He – + 48 (c) N (d) C
Ne – + 116 WB-JEE-2017
Ar – + 96 Ans. (a) : Fluorine has highest first electron affinity
Kr – + 96 because on moving left to right in a period the electron
Xe – + 77 affinity increases.
Hence, from the above data, electron gain enthalpy of
412. Why is F2 the strongest oxidizing agent (among
Ne has the highest value of electron gain enthalpy.
halogens) although electron affinity of Cl2 is
408. Which of the given atoms has the greatest higher than F2?
electron affinity?
(a) Low enthalpy of dissociation and high free
(a) F (b) Cl
energy of hydration
(c) P (d) Al
(b) Low enthalpy of dissociation
TS-EAMCET (Engg.), 05.08.2021 Shift-II
(c) High free energy of hydration
Ans. (b) : The electron affinity is a measure of the
attraction between the incoming electron to the nucleus. (d) High electronegativity and low free energy of
Generally electron affinity decreases down a group, but hydration
electron affinity of Cl is greater than electron affinity of J & K CET-(2017)
F due to small size of F atom which can not easily Ans. (a) : F2 is the strongest oxidizing agent among the
accomodate the electron rather than the chlorine. Hence, halogen due to greater heat of hydration of F– than Cl–
Cl has highest electron affinity. which compensates for the lower electron affinity of F
409. Arrange the elements with the following than of Cl. F2 has low enthalpy of dissociation as F–F
electronic configurations in increasing order of bond is weak and high enthalpy of hydration of small
electron affinity F− ion.
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p5 413. Which of the following has the highest electron
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p4
affinity?
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(a) K (b) O–
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 –
(a) (ii)<(iii)<(i)<(iv) (b) (iii)<(ii)<(iv)<(i) (c) F (d) O
(c) (iii)<(ii)<(i)<(iv) (d) (ii)<(iii)<(iv)<(i) Manipal-2016
COMEDK 2019 Ans. (d) : Electron affinity is defined as the minimum
Ans. (a) : Electron affinity increases as we move left to energy released electron add to the valence shell of
right in a period and decreases as we move down in a isolated atom.
group. 1
But electron affinity of Cl is greater than F and that of S Electron affinity ∝
size
is greater than O due to very small size of F and O. As a
Therefore, O– has less electron affinity due to complete
result, there is a strong inter-electronic repulsion when
extra electron is added to these atoms. the shell to form stable configuration but in case of
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p5 : F oxygen has high electron affinity.
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p4 : O 414. Among P, S, Cl, F, the elements with most
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 : S negative and least negative electron gain
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 : Cl enthalpy respectively are
Thus correct order is (a) Cl, S (b) F, S
Cl >F>S>O (c) Cl, P (d) F, P
(iv)>(i)> (iii)>(ii) J & K CET-(2015)
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 298 YCT
Ans. (c) : On moving from left to right in a period 419. The amount of energy released when 106 atoms
generally electron gain enthalpy increases and decrease of iodine in vapour state are converted to I–
down the group. But the electron affinity of third period ions is 4.9 × 10–13 J. What will be electron
is greater than the electron affinity of second period affinity of iodine in eV per atom?
element due to small atomic size of second period (a) 2.0 (b) 2.5
element. (c) 2.75 (d) 3.06
Hence, the order is P < S < F < Cl MPPET-2013
Therefore, Cl and P has more negative and less negative Ans. (d) :
electron gain enthalpy respectively.
Electron gain enthalpy = energy release when an atom in
415. Electron gain enthalpy with negative sign of gaseous state
fluorine is less than that of chlorine due to
= 4.8× 10–13 J
(a) high ionisation enthalpy of fluorine
(b) smaller size of chlorine atom Atoms of I2 = 106
(c) smaller size of fluorine atom ∴ 4.8 × 10–13 J for 106 atoms.
(d) bigger size of 2p orbital of fluorine 4.8 × 10–13 J
JCECE - 2015 Joule per atom =
106 atom
Ans. (c) : Due to smaller size and high repulsive force Electron affinity = Electron gain enthalpy,
within the outermost orbit of fluorine. Its electron gain
4.8 ×10−13
enthalpy is less negative. E.A = J / atom
416. Copper is extracted from copper pyrites by 106
heating in a Bessemer converter. The method is 1
1J = eV
based on the principle that 1.6021×10−19
(a) copper has more affinity for oxygen than 4.8 × 10−13
sulphur at high temperature EA = eV / atom
(b) iron has less affinity for oxygen than sulphur 1.6021×106 ×10−19
at high temperature = 2.99 eV / atom
(c) copper has less affinity for oxygen than EA ≈ 3.00eV / atom
sulphur at high temperature
(d) sulphur has less affinity for oxygen at high 420. Which one of the following arrangements
temperature represents the correct order of least negative to
Karnataka-CET-2015 most negative electron gain enthalpy for C, Ca,
Ans. (a) : Copper is extracted from the copper pyrites Al, F and O?
by heating in a Bessemer Convertor. The method is (a) Al<Ca<O<C<F (b) Al<O<C<Ca<F
based on the principle of copper has more affinity for (c) C<F<O<Al<Ca (d) Ca<Al<C<O<F
oxygen than sulphur at high temperature. KARNATAKA NEET 2013
417. How does electron affinity change when we Ans. (d) : Electron gain enthalpy becomes less negative
move from left to right in a period in the from top to bottom in a group while is becomes more
periodic table? negative from left to right within a period.
(a) It increases. 421. Assertion: Electron affinity refers to an isolated
(b) It decreases. atom's attraction for an additional electron
(c) It remains unchanged. while electronegativity is the ability of an atom
(d) It first increases and then decreases. of an element to attract electrons towards itself
J & K CET-(2013) in a shared pair of electrons.
Ans. (a) : The electron affinity generally increases in a Reason: Electron affinity is a relative number
period from left to right due to the size of the atom and electronegativity is experimentally
decrease along the period. measurable.
418. Which one of the following arrangement (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
represents the correct order of least negative to the Reason is the correct explanation of
most negative electron gain enthalpy for C, Ca, Assertion.
Al, F and O? (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
(a) Al < Ca < O < C < F Reason is not the correct explanation of
(b) Al < O < C < Ca < F Assertion.
(c) C < F < O < Al < Ca (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Ca < Al < C < O < F (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
Karnataka NEET-2013 incorrect.
Ans. (d) : The nuclear charge increases, the force of AIIMS-2010
attraction between the nucleus and the incoming Ans. (c): Electron affinity refers to an isolated atom's
electron increase and thus, the electron gain enthalpy attraction for an additional electron while
becomes more negative. electronegativity is the ability of an atom of an element
On moving from left to right in a period, the effective to attract electrons towards itself in a shared pair of
nuclear charge increases. Therefore, the order are– electron due to electron affinity is experimentally
Ca < Al < C < O < F measurable while electronegativity is relative number.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 299 YCT
422. The electron affinity values of elements A, B, C (d) The electronegativity of chlorine is more than
and D are respectively –135, –60, –200 and – that of bromine
348 kJ mol-1. The outer electronic MPPET-2008
configuration of element B is Ans. (a) : (i) The electron affinity of chlorine is greater
(a) 3s23p5 (b) 3s23p4 than the fluorine.
2 3
(c) 3s 3p (d) 3s23p2 (ii) The EN of fluorine is greater than chlorine.
AP-EAMCET- (Engg.) - 2010 (iii) The electron affinity of bromine is less than of
Ans. (c) : Given that the electron affinity of elements A chlorine.
= –135 kJ/mole, B= –60 kJ/mole, C = –200 kJ/mole and (iv) The electronegative of Chlorine is more than that of
D = –348 kJ/mole then the element having half-filled or bromine.
completely filled orbitals are stable electronic 426. The electronic configuration of the element
configuration, and have low negative value of electron with maximum electron affinity is
affinity. (a) 1s2, 2s2, 2p3
Since, the electron affinity of B is lowest and electronic (b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p5
configuration is – 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 (c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p5
423. Carbon can reduce ferric oxide to iron at a (d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p3
temperature above 983 K because (e) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1
(a) carbon monoxide formed is Kerala-CEE-2008
thermodynamically less stable than ferric Ans. (c): The electronic configuration of 1s2, 2s2, 2p6,
oxide 3s2, 3p5 is chlorine. The electron affinity is a measure
(b) carbon has a higher affinity towards oxidation the attraction between the incoming electrons to the
than iron nucleus. Electron affinity of Cl is greater than electron
(c) free energy change for the formation of affinity of F due to small size of F atom. Hence,
carbon dioxide is less negative than that for electron affinity is highest for chlorine.
ferric oxide 427. Which of the following is a favourable factor
(d) iron has a higher affinity towards oxygen than for cation formation?
carbon (a) Low ionisation potential
KARNATAKA-CET, 2010 (b) High electron affinity
Ans. (b) : Above 983 K, free energy change for the (c) High electronegativity
formation of CO2 is more negative than that for ferric (d) Small atomic size
oxide. Thus, above this temperature, carbon has a AP-EAMCET (Engg.)-2005
higher affinity towards oxidation than iron. Ans. (a) : As the ionization potential decreases the
424. The atomic numbers of elements A, B, C and D removal of electron get place easily and the cation
are Z–1, Z, Z+1 and Z+2, respectively. If 'B' is formed. Hence, low ionization potential is a favourable
a noble gas, choose the correct answers from factor for cation formation.
the following statements 428. Which of the following has lowest electron
(1) 'A' has higher electron affinity affinity?
(2) 'C' exists in +2 oxidation state (a) Cl (b) I
(3) 'D' is an alkaline earth metal (c) F (d) Br
(a) (1) and (2) (b) (2) and (3) J & K CET-(2005)
(c) (1) and (3) (d) (1), (2) and (3) Ans. (b) : When we moving on a group, electron
A.P.EAMCET 2008 affinity decrease due to the size of atom increase.
Ans. (c) : Given that, Halogen F Cl Br I
Atomic no. of element A = Z – 1, i.e, halogen
EA(eV) –3.6 –3.8 –3.5 –3
Atomic no. of element B = Z, i.e, noble gas
Atomic no. of element C = Z + 1, i.e, group IA Hence, the electron affinity is highest in Cl and
lowest in Iodine(I).
Atomic no. of element D = Z + 2, i.e, group IIA
429. The electron affinity values (in kJ mol–1) of
∴ • Element A must be halogen i.e, have the highest
three halogens X, Y and Z are respectively –
electron affinity.
349, –333 and –325. Then X, Y and Z
• Element B is Noble gas. respectively are:
• Element C must be an alkali metal exist as +1 (a) F2, Cl2 and Br2 (b) Cl2, F2 and Br2
oxidation state. (c) Cl2, Br2 and F2 (d) Br2, Cl2 and F2
• Element D must be alkaline earth metal. AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2003
425. Which one of the following statements is false Ans. (b) : As we know, group 17 elements shows the
(a) The electron affinity of chlorine is less than highest negative value of electron affinity.
that of fluorine Chlorine has highest value of electron affinity than fluorine
(b) The electronegativity of fluorine is more than due to small size of fluorine and more electrostatic
that of chlorine repulsion occur between nucleus and F outer shell. Thus,
(c) The electron affinity of bromine is less than the electron affinity values (in kJmol–1) of three halogens
that of chlorine Cl2, F2 and Br2 are respectively –349, –333 and –325.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 300 YCT
430. Which one of the following reagents is used for 434. Identify the incorrect match
detection of unsaturation in alkenes? Number IUPAC official name
(a) NaOH + CaO (a) Unnilunium (i) Mendelevium
(b) Cold dilute alkaline KMnO4 (b) Unniltrium (ii) Lawrencium
(c) Cl2/hv (c) Unnilhexium (iii) Seaborgium
(d) KOH / C2H5OH (d) Unununnium (iv) Darmstadtium
(a) (A), (i) (b) (B), (ii)
AP-EAMCET (Medical), 2003 (c) (C), (iii) (d) (D), (iv)
Ans. (b) : Both bromine water or alkaline KMnO4 NEET-2020
(Baeyer’s reagent) are decolourised after the reaction Ans. (d) :
with unsaturated compound. Unsaturation in alkyne or Number Atomic IUPAC Name
alkene in any organic compound is defected by reagents Number
the organic compound with alkaline KMnO4 or bromine Unnilunium 101 Mendelevium
water. Unniltrium 103 Lawrencium
431. Which of the following is as per the definition Unnilhexium 106 Seaborgium
of electron-affinity? Unununnium 111 Roentgenium
+2e
(a) X 2 (g)  → 2X – (g) 435. The atomic number of the element
unnilennium is
+e
(b) X (g) → X – (g) (a) 109 (b) 102
+e
(c) 108 (d) 119
(c) X + (g) → X (g) (JEE Main 2020, 3 Sep Shift-I)
+e Ans. (a) : The atomic number of the element
(d) X – (g) → X 2– (g) unnilennium is 109.
J & K CET-(2001) The name is derived directly from the atomic number of
Ans. (b) : The electron affinity is the potential energy the element using the latin numerical roots are
change of the atom when an electron is added to a Number 0 1 2 3 4
neutral gaseous atom to form a negative ion. Root nil un bi tri quad
So, X(g)  +e
→ X − (g) is more favorable. Number 5 6 7 8 9
Root pent hex sept oct enn
432. The electron affinities of halogens follow the The atomic no. of element 109 is meitnerium (mt).
order 436. The IUPAC name of an element is Unbinilium.
(a) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 (b) Cl2 > F2 > Br2 > I2 Its atomic number is
(c) Br2 > Cl2 > F2 > I2 (d) I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2 (a) 102 (b) 110
Ans. (b) : Generally the electron affinity decrease down (c) 120 (d) 106
the group as the atomic size increases but F2 has lower (e) 100
electron affinity compared to Cl2 because the size of F2 Kerala-CEE-2020
is very small and thus interelectronic repulsion is high. Ans. (c) : The IUPAC name for 120 is unbinilium and
symbol is Ubn. According to IUPAC systematic
nomenclature, the numeral roots for 1, 2, 0 are un, bi
7. Nomenclature of Elements and nil respectively and then add suffix ium.
with Atomic Number > 100 437. What is the name of the element with atomic
number 105?
433. The IUPAC name of an element with atomic (a) Dubnium (b) Holmium
number 119 is (c) Kurchatovium (d) Nobelium
UPTU/UPSEE-2012
(a) ununoctium (b) ununennium
Ans. (a) : The name of the element with atomic number
(c) unnilennium (d) unununnium 105 is Dubnium. Which means that there are 105
NEET-17.07.2022 protons and 105 electrons in the atomic structure. The
Ans. (b) : Given, atomic No (Z) = 119 chemical symbol for dubnium is Db.
Nomenclature of elements with atomic number (Z) 438. The name of the element with atomic number
greater than 100 : 100 was adopted in honour of
0 = nil, 1 = un, 2 = bi, 3 = tri, 4 = quad, 5 = pent, 6 = (a) Alfred Nobel (b) Enrico Fermi
hex, 7 = sept, 8 = oct, 9 = enn. (c) Dimitri Mendeleef (d) Albert Einstein
A.P.EAMCET 1995
Hence, the IUPAC name of element with
Ans. (b) : The atomic number 100 element in the
Z = 119 is ununennium
periodic table is Fermium is named in the honour of
Z = 111 is unununnium Enrico Fermi, a nuclear physicist. The symbol of Fermi
Z = 118 is ununoctium is Fm. It is an actinide located in group 3 elements of
Z = 109 is unnilennium the periodic table and in the 6 and 7 period.
Objective Chemistry Volume-I 301 YCT