Electrical Engineering

Engineering
Importance of Electrical Systems in
Construction Projects

1 Power Distribution 2 Safety and Code Compliance

Proper electrical distribution is essential Electrical engineers ensure construction
for powering a building's lighting, projects adhere to safety protocols and
HVAC, and other critical systems. building codes to protect workers and
occupants.

3 Energy Efficiency
Innovative electrical designs can improve a building's energy efficiency, reducing operational
costs and environmental impact.
Electrical Design Considerations for
Construction
o Load Calculations o Scalable Infrastructure o Site Conditions

Accurate load calculations Designing flexible and scalable Electrical engineers must
determine the required size and electrical systems allows for consider factors like climate,
capacity of electrical equipment future expansion and upgrades. terrain, and accessibility when
and wiring. planning a project.
Electrical Installations and Safety
Protocols

Proper Wiring Grounding and Electrical Permits

Bonding
Ensuring electrical wiring Obtaining necessary
Implementing effective
is installed correctly to permits and approvals to
grounding and bonding
prevent fires and electrical ensure electrical work
systems to protect against
hazards. meets local building codes
electric shocks and static
and regulations.
discharge.
Power Distribution and Wiring in
Construction
1 HT (HIGH TANSION) LINE
HT lines that supply power to the building from the local electrical grid. These
lines carry electricity at high voltages (Typically 11KV) from the power
generation stations or substations to the building's main electrical distribution
system.
2 TRANSFORMER
The primary purpose of the distribution transformer is to step down the high
voltage from the incoming supply line to a lower voltage (11kv to 415v) suitable for
use within the building.

3 HT AND LT PANELS
•LT panels are Designed to handle electrical distribution at low voltages, typically up to 415
volts in commercial and industrial settings.
•They house circuit breakers, fuses, switches, and other protective devices to control and protect
the electrical circuits.
•HT panels are Designed to handle electrical distribution at high voltages, typically above 415
volts.
•HT panels receive power directly from the high tension line, which carries electricity at high
voltages
4 METERING PANEL
Metering panels house electric meters, which measure the amount of electricity
consumed by the building. These meters record data such as kWh (kilowatt-hours),
which is used for billing purposes by utility companies.

5 INDIVIDUAL DB’S
Distribute electrical power from the main supply to different circuits throughout a building.
This includes circuits for lighting, sockets, appliances, HVAC and other electrical loads.
Distribution Boards incorporate circuit protection devices such as circuit breakers, fuses, or
RCDs to protect the electrical circuits and connected equipment from overloads, short
circuits, and electrical faults.

6 EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY / UPS

The primary purpose is to provide backup electrical power in the event of a mains
power failure. This backup power source ensures that essential electrical systems
and equipment remain operational during emergencies, allowing for continuity of
critical functions such as lighting, communication systems, medical equipment, and
security systems.
7 EARTHING AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION
o The primary purpose of an earthing system is to provide a low-resistance path
for fault currents to flow safely to the ground, thereby preventing electric
shocks and reducing the risk of injury to people and damage to equipment.
o Lightning protection systems are designed to protect structures, buildings, and
other facilities from damage caused by lightning strikes. They typically consist
of lightning rods (air terminals), conductors (down conductors), and grounding
electrodes (earth terminations).
TYPE OF DRAWINGS IN ELECTRICAL

1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
o Two-dimensional representation of an electrical circuit that shows how its
components are connected and function.
o They use standardized symbols to depict individual components and their
interconnections, including switches, relays, motors, transformers, and other
devices.

2 WIRING DIAGRAM
o It outlines the arrangement and connection of various electrical components
such as switches, outlets, lights, circuit breakers, and other devices.
 IS CODE FOR ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATION
IS 732 Code of Practice for Electrical Wiring Installation

IS 1646
Code of Practice for Fire Safety of Buildings (Electrical Installations)

IS 3043 Code of Practice for Earthing

IS 5571 Code of Practice for Lighting of Public Buildings

IS 732-1989 Code of Practice for Electrical Wiring Installations for Industrial Premises
Automation and Smart Building Technologies

Sensor Integration Building Automation Remote Access

Integrating IoT sensors to monitor Developing centralized control Enabling remote monitoring and
and control a building's systems to manage a building's management of a building's
environmental conditions, various electrical and mechanical electrical and automation systems.
security, and energy usage. systems.
Sustainable Electrical Solutions

Energy-Efficient Solar Power EV Charging Smart Building

Lighting Integration Stations Controls
LED lighting Incorporating Providing electric Implementing
technologies offer photovoltaic solar vehicle charging intelligent building
significant energy panels into construction infrastructure in management systems
savings and reduced designs allows buildings construction projects enables data-driven
environmental impact to generate their own supports the growing optimization of energy
compared to traditional renewable electricity, adoption of sustainable usage, enhancing the
bulbs, helping reducing reliance on the transportation and overall sustainability of
construction projects grid. reduces carbon construction projects.
achieve greater emissions.
sustainability.
THANK YOU