tyg;gid fy;tp tyak; - 2020

Raf;fw;wy; ifNaL
juk; - 10 tuyhW

cyu;tya Guhjhd efuq;fspd; tPo;rr; pAk; njd;Nkw;fpy; Gjpa

,uhr;rpaq;fspd; Njhw;wKk;.
1) Guhjhd efuq;fs;
 mEuhjGuk;
 nghyd;dWit
 khfik

2) tUlk; KOtJk; gad;gLj;jptpl;L vQ;rpapUf;Fk; jhdpaq;fNs kpif cw;gj;jp

vdg;gLk;.

3) Vio tptrhap thf;FWjpapd; mbg;gilapy; fkpf tplk; ney; %il xd;iw

ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhu; vd Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; - [hjf ml;lfjh.

4) gpuGj;Jt FLk;gq;fs; jq;fs; me;j];j;ij ntspg;gLj;jpa nray;.

 ntspehLfspypUe;J jUtpf;fg;gl;l kl;ghj;jpuq;fs;> kzpfs; vd;gtw;iw
gad;gLj;jpaik.

5) fyhr;rhuj;ij fhl;Lk; fz;zhbfshf jpfo;e;j efuq;fs;

 mEuhjGuk;> khfk

6) njd;fpof;fhrpa ehl;bd; fiyg; gz;Gfs;>

 nghyd;dWit fy; tpfhiu Gj;ju;rpiy
 rj;k`y; gpurhja (VoLf;F khspif)

7) nghyd;dWit ,uhjjhdp tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzpfs;

 gytPdkhd kd;du;fs; fhzg;gl;lik.
 fypq;f> ghz;ba tk;rj;jpdupilNa Vw;gl;l Nghl;b
 nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp
 fypq;f khfdpd; gil vLg;G

8) Guhjhd efuq;fspd; tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs;

 vjpupfspd; Mf;fpukpg;G
 kj;jpa mur epu;thfk; rPu;Fiye;jik
 ghJfhg;G ,y;yhky; Nghdik
 tu;j;jfKk;> Nghf;Ftuj;Jk; jilg;gl;lik.
ZEO WALAPANE 1
  kf;fs; NtW ,lq;fSf;F Gyk; ngau;e;jik

9) gpuNjr Ml;rpahsu;fs;
 ahg;g$t - Rgjsgjp
 cUFZid / Nfhtpe;jkiy - GtNdfghF> Mjpghjd;
 kpdpg;Ng - rq;f jsgjp

10) ,uz;lhtJ efukakhf;fk;.

 jk;gnjdpah - 3k; tp[aghF
 ahg;gFt - 1k; GtNdfghF
 FUzhfy; - 2k; GtNdfghF
 fk;gis - 4k; GtNdfghF
 Nfhl;il - 6k; guhf;fpukghF

11) jk;gnjdpa kd;du;fs;

3k; tp[aghF
 jk;gnjdpahit jiyefuhf;fpdhd;.
 ngypfy jyhjhkhspifia mikj;jik.
 fszp tpfhiuia Gzuikj;jhd;.
 tp[a Re;jhuhk tpfhiuia mikj;jhd;.

2k; guhf;fpukghF kd;dd;

 fypfhy rhfpj;jpa ru;tf;Q gz;bjd; vd miof;fg;gl;lik.

 ftprpWkpd vd;w E}iy vOjpdhd;.
 fypq;f khfid Njhw;fbj;jhd;.
 re;jpu ghDtpd; ,U gil vy;iy Njhw;fbj;jhd;.
 Njt gjpuh[hit ehl;bd; nghUshjhuj;ij fl;bnaOg;g epakpj;jhd;.

FUzhfy;
4k; guhf;fpukghF
 ngsj;jrka> fy;tp> fiy tsu;r;rpf;F gq;fhw;wpdhd;.
 gd;rpa gs]; [hjfa fijia nkhopg; ngau;j;jik.

fk;gis
,U gpuGf; FLk;gq;fs;
 Nrdhyq;fhjpfhu nrdtpuj; FLk;gk;.
 moNf];tuf; FLk;gk;.
 jha;top muRupik Muk;gk;.

ZEO WALAPANE 2
 fp.gp 1344 ,gpd; gJ}jh tUif.
 rpwp [atu;j;jdGu Nfhl;ilia ep];]q;f moNf];tuu; mikj;jhu;.
 fhyp Kk;nkhop fy;ntl;il nrq;Nfh rPd jsgjp mikj;jhu;.
 rPdk;> ghurPfk;> jkpo; Mfpa %d;W nkhopfspYk; ,f;fy;ntl;L fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

Nfhl;il
6k; guhf;fpukghF
 ehl;il xU Filapd; fPo; Ml;rp nra;jik.
 kiy el;by; N[hjpatpd; fpsu;r;rpia mk;GYfy ,sturd; %yk; mlf;fpaik.
 rg;Gky; Fkhud; %yk; aho;ghzj;ij ifg;gw;wpaik.
 ehl;bd; fy;tp> ,yf;fpa tsu;r;rpf;F Nritahw;wpaik.

nghUshjhuk;
 tptrhak;
 ney;> Nridg; gapu;r;nra;if
 fWth> kpsF> Vyk;> rhjpf;fha; gapuplg;gl;ld.

tu;j;jfk;
Vw;Wkjp
 ghf;F> kpsF> Vyk;> rhjpf;fha;> fWth> Kj;J> khzpf;fk;> ahid> ahidj;je;jk;

,wf;Fkjp
 gPq;fhd; nghUl;fs;
 ,yq;if tu;j;jfj;jpy; <Lgl;l ehLfs; ,e;jpah> mNugpah> rPdh> ghurPfk;

rkak;
 ngsj;j rkaNk gpujdk;.
 tpfhiufs; mikg;gjpy; kd;du;fspd; Mu;tk;.
 tp];Z> tpgPrzd;> KUfd;> rkd nja;t topghLfs; fhzg;gl;lik.
 Kd;Nd];tuk;> jpUNfhNz];tuk; ,e;J topghl;L jyq;fs;.
 fiyfSk; fl;bl epu;khzq;fSk;.

tpdhf;fs;
1. Kjyhk; efukakhf;fspy; fhzg;gl;l efuq;fs; %d;wpid Fwpg;gpLf?
2. nghyd;dWit tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ,uz;bid Fwpg;gpLf?
3. Guhjhd efuq;fspd; tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ,uz;bid Fwpg;gpLf.
4. ,uz;lhk; efukakhf;fspy; fhzg;gl;l efuq;fs; ehd;fpid Fwpg;gpLf.
5. gpd;tUk; kd;du;fspd; gzpfs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.
3k; tp[aghF> 2k; guhf;fpukghF> 6k; guhf;fpukghF

ZEO WALAPANE 3
 tyg;gid fy;tp tyak; - 2020
Raf;fw;wy; ifNaL
juk; - 10 tuyhW

,yq;ifAk; Nkw;FyFk;
1) Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; fPioj;Njrj;jpw;F tUifj; je;jikf;fhd fhuzk;>
 rkaj;ij gug;Gtjw;F
 tu;j;jfk;

2) Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; ,e;jpahTf;F tUif je;jik.

 Mz;L - 1498
 ,wq;fpa ,lk; - fy;ypf;Nfhl;il
 Kjd;Kjypy; tUif je;jtu; - th];nfhlfhkh

3) Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; ,yq;if tUif

 Mz;L - 1505
 ,wq;fpa ,lk; - fhyp
 Kjd;Kjypy; tUif je;jtu; - Nyhwd;]; j ,y;Nkj;jh

4) Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; ,yq;iff;F tUif je;jNghJ fhzg;gl;l ,uhr;rpaq;fs;

 aho;ghzk; - guuh[Nrfud;
 fz;b - Nrdhrk;gj tpf;fpuk ghF
 Nfhl;il - 8k; tPuguhf;fpukghF

5) Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; Nfhl;ilia ifg;gw;w cjtpa fhuzpfs;

 tp[aghF nfhs;is (1521)
 Nfhl;il %d;W gpupthf gpupe;jik.
 GtNdfghF Nghu;j;Jf;Nfaupd; cjtpia ehbaik.
 ju;kghyd; fj;Njhypf;f rkaj;ij jOtpaik.
 ju;k ghydpd; ed; nfhil capy;.

6) Nfhl;il - GtNdfghF
iwfkk; - iwfkgz;lhu
rPjhthf;if - khaJd;d

7) rPjhthf;if vOr;rp
 khahJd;d> 1k; ,h=uh[rpq;f kd;du;fspd; nraw;ghLfs;.
 iwfkit rPjhthf;ifAld; ,izj;J nfhz;lik.

ZEO WALAPANE 4
  Nfhl;il kf;fs; Gdpj je;j jhJTld; rPjhthf;iff;F ,lk; ngau;e;jik.

8) rPjhthf;if tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs;

 rPjhthf;ifaplk; Nghjpa flw;gil ,d;ik.
 rPjhthf;if kd;dd; mbf;fb Nghupy; <Lgl;lik.
 1k; ,uh[rpq;fd; ngsj;j kjj;jpw;nfjpuhf Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffs;.
 tPuRe;ju gz;lhit nfhiy nra;jik kf;fSf;F njupa te;jik.
 1k; ,uh[rpq;fd; thuprpd;wp ,we;jik.

9) Nghu;j;Jf;NfaUf;Fk; fz;b kd;du;fSf;fpilapyhd Nghu;fs;

1594 - je;JNu - 1k; tpkyju;k #upad; - n[NuhNyhNg];j #rh
1602 - gyd - 1k; tpkyju;k #upad; - njhd;n[Nuhdp Nkh j mrNtY
1630 - ue;njdpnty – 2k; ,uh[rpq;fd; - nfhd;];jhe;jpD j rh
1638 - fd;ndhWt - 2k; ,uh[rpq;fd; - jpNah Nfh j nky;Nyh

10) xy;yhe;ju; ,yhgj;ij kPl;Lf; nfhs;s Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffs;

 fz;b kd;dd; ntsp ehl;Lld; tu;j;jf njhlu;ig Vw;gLj;Jtij xy;yhe;ju;
jLj;jy;.
 kd;dDld; Kuz;ghL Vw;gLk; NghJ fiuNahu flitfis %btply;.
 fiuNahu rpy gpuNjrq;fspy; new; nra;ifia Nkw;nfhz;lik.
 fWthit tu;j;jf gapuhf gapuplg;gl;lik.
 fUk;G> Nfhg;gp> gUj;jp Nghd;w gapu;fis gapu;nra;a eltbf;if vLj;jy;.

tpdhf;fs;
1. Nghu;;j;Jf;Nfau; ,yq;iff;F tUif je;jNghJ ,yq;ifapy; fhzg;gl;l
,uhr;rpaq;fisAk; mjd; jiytu;fisAk; Fwpg;gpLf.

2. Nghu;j;Jf;Nfau; Nfhl;ilia ifg;gw;w cjtpa fhuzpfs; ehd;fpis

Fwpg;gpLf.

3. rPjhthf;if vOr;rp> tPo;r;rpf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

4. gpd;tUk; Nghu;fs; ,lk; ngw;w Mz;Lfis Fwpg;gpLf.

 je;JNu
 gyd
 ue;njdpnty
 fd;ndhWt

5. xy;yhe;ju; ,yhgj;ij kPl;bf; nfhs;s Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffs; ,uz;bid

Fwpg;gpLf.
ZEO WALAPANE 5
 fz;b ,uhr;rpak;
1) fz;b ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; NtW ngau;fs;
 nrq;flfy> kiyehl;L ,uhr;rpak;

2) fz;b ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; Kjy; kd;dd;

 Nrdhrk;gj tpf;ukghF

3) fz;b ,uhr;rpaj;ij Ml;rp nra;j kd;du;fs;

rpq;fs kd;du;fs;
 Nrdhrk;gj;j tpf;ukghF
 [atPu gz;lhud;
 fuypaj;j gz;lhu
 1k; ,uh[rpq;fd;
 1k; tpkyju;k #upad;
 nrduj;
 2k; ,uh[rpq;fd;
 2k; tpkyju;k #upad;
 rpwp tPug;guhf;fpukghF eNue;jpurpq;fd;

ehaf;f tk;r kd;du;fs;

 rpwp tp[a uh[rpq;fd;
 fPu;j;jp rpwp ,uh[rpq;fd;
 ,uh[hjp ,uh[rpq;fd;
 rpwp tpf;uk ,uh[rpq;fd;

4) FRkhrd Njtp - nlhd;fj;jypdh

akrpq;f gz;lhu - nlhd; gpypg;
nfhzg;G gz;lh - nlhd; Athd;

5) 1k; tpkyju;k #upad; vjpu; nfhz;l rthy;fs;

 rl;l g+u;tkhd Ml;rp.
 Nghu;j;Jf;NfauplkpUe;J fz;bia ghJfhf;f Ntz;b ,Ue;jik.
 ngsj;j rkaj;ij vOr;rpAw nra;a Ntz;b ,Ue;jik.
 nghUshjhuj;ij fl;b vOg;gNtz;b ,Ue;jik.

6) 1k; tpkyju;k#upad; jd;id rl;lg+u;tkhd Ml;rpahsdhf epiy ehl;bf; nfhs;s

Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffs;.

ZEO WALAPANE 6
  FRkhrd Njtpia jpUkzk; nra;Jf; nfhz;lik.
 Nwhkd; fj;Njhypf;f rkaj;ij tpl;L ngsj;j rkaj;ij jOtpaik.
 tpkyju;k#upad; vd ngau; #l;bf; nfhz;lik.

7) 1k; tpkyju;k #upad; ngsj;j rkaj;jpw;F Mw;wpa gzpfs;>

 cg rk;gjh epfo;it elhj;jpaik.
 tpfhiufis Gzuikj;jik (yq;fhjpyf> flyhnjdpa)

8) nghUshjhu eltbf;iffs;.
 tptrhaj;ij tpUj;jpailar; nra;jy;.
 gUj;jp gapu;r;nra;iff;F cjtp Gupjy;.
 ,Uk;G ifj;njhopiy Kd;Ndw;w eltbf;if vLj;jik.

9) 2k; ,uh[rpq;fd; vjpu; nfhz;l rthy;fs;

 Nghu;j;Jf;Nfaupd; jhf;Fjiy vjpu; nfhs;sy;
 Nghu;j;Jf;Nfaiu ehl;bypUe;J tpul;Ljy;.
 fz;b ,uhr;rpa gpuGf;fsplkpUe;J Vw;gl;l vjpu;g;Gfis fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.

10) fPu;j;jp rpwp ,uh[rpq;fd; ngsj;j rka kWkyu;r;rpf;F Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffs;

 cgrk;gjh epfo;Tfis elhj;jpaik.
 ntyptpl;l rpwp ruzq;fu gpf;Ftpw;F rq;fuh[h gjtpia toq;fpaik.

11) murdpd; mjpfhuq;fs;

 ehl;bd; cau; mjpfhuk; murDf;Nf cupaJ.
 ehl;bd; mikjpiaAk;> rkhjhdj;ijAk; nraw;gLj;jy;.
 rk;gpujha g+u;tkhd Kiwapy; Ml;rpia Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
 ehl;bd; cau; ePjpj;Jiw mjpfhuk; kd;ddplNk fhzg;gl;lJ.

12) tup (gj;Nj) t#ypg;G

 kbNf gj;j - Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fhd tup
 FUNt gj;j - ahid gpbj;jYf;fhd tup
 gln`y gj;j - tidjYf;fhd tup
 uP gj;j - ryitf;fhd tup
 n`e;j gj;j - nerTf;fhd tup

13) kd;dDf;F kl;LNk cupa tof;Ffs;

 Kf;fpa jiytu;fs; njhlu;ghdit.
 tpfhiufs; njhlu;ghdit.
 ,uh[JNuhfk; njhlu;ghdit.

ZEO WALAPANE 7
  #o;r;rp njhlu;ghdit.

14) jz;lidfs;
 fd;dj;jpy; miwjy;
 tpyq;fply;
 gpbia fj;jupj;jy;
 ehL flj;jy;

15) nghUshjhuk;
 Efu;it mbg;gilahf nfhz;lJ
 new; nra;if tiuaWf;fg;gl;bUe;jik.
 gbKiwfspYk; rkepyq;fspYk; new;nra;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.
 Nridg; gapu;r; nra;if. (Fuf;fd;> Nrhsk;> jpid)
 tPl;Lj;Njhl;lk; (gyhf;fha;> <ug;gyh> kpsF)

16) r%f mikg;G

 fpuhkpa r%fk;
 fpuhkq;fs; Ra Njitg; g+u;j;jp mile;jpUe;jik
 r%fk; Fyj;ij mbg;gilahf nfhz;bUe;jJ.
 jpUkzq;fs; jj;jkJ Fyj;jtupilNa ,lk; ngw;wd.

17) fghlfk; - mur khspiff;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lit.

epe;jfk; - gpujpepjpfspd; Nritf;fhf toq;fg;gl;lit.
Njthyak; - Njthyaq;fSf;F jhdkhf;fg;gl;lit.
guNtdpfk; - fpuhkj;jiytu;fs; guk;giuahf mDgtpj;jit.

tpdhf;fs;
1. fz;b ,uhr;rpaj;ij Ml;rp nra;j rpq;fs kd;du;fs; ,UtiuAk;> ehaf;f
tk;r kd;du;fs; ,UtiuAk; Fwpg;gpLf.

2. 1k; tpkyju;k #upadpd; rka> nghUshjhu gzpfs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

3. 2k; ,uh[rpq;fd; vjpu; nfhz;l rthy;fs; ,uz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

4. kd;dDf;F kl;LNk cupa tof;Ffs; ,uz;bidf; Fwpg;gpLf.

5. fz;b ,uhr;rpak; r%f> nghUshjhu Kiwfs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

ZEO WALAPANE 8
 tyg;gid fy;tp tyak; - 2020
Raf;fw;wy; ifNaL
juk; - 10 tuyhW

kWkyu;r;rp
1) kWkyu;r;rp Vww;gl;likf;fhd fhuzq;fs;
 nfhd;];jhe;jp Nehgpy; JUf;fpau; trkhdik.
 tu;j;j Kd;Ndw;wk;.
 nry;te;ju;fs; Njhw;wk;. (nkbrpFk;gk;)
 mwpT tsu;r;rp. (mr;rpae;jpuk; fz;Lgpbg;G)

2) rka epWtdq;fis ikakhf nfhz;L fw;gpf;fg;gl;l ghlq;fs;

 ,iwapay;
 nka;apay;
 rl;lk;

3) rka kWkyu;r;rpf;;fhf ghLgl;ltu;fs;

 N[hd;itf;fpspg;
 N[hd; `];
 ,uh];k];
 khu;l;bd;Y}ju;

4) kWkyu;r;rp fhyj;jpy; INuhg;ghtpy; tho;e;j E}yhrpupau;fs;

 ,j;jhyp - jhe;Nj> ngw;whf;> nghf;fhfpNah
 ,q;fpyhe;J - Nru;Njhk];%u;> Ngf;ffd; tpy;ypak;> Nrf;];gpau;
 gpuhd;]; - ,uh];k];
 jhe;Nj - Gtpdh nfhkbah
 ngw;whf; - Nyhuhl;lhTf;F vOjpa ftpij

5) kWkyu;r;rp fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j rpj;jpu fiyQu;fs;

 ypadhNlh lhtpd;rp - Nkhdhyprh> ,NaRtpd; ,Wjp ,uhNghrid
 ikf;fy; MQ;rNyh - rp];ild; Mya ghTif Xtpak;> ,Wjp jPu;gG
;
 ughay;> nghl;b nrt;tp

6) ikf;fy; MQ;rNyhtpd; rpw;gfiyfs;

 nkbrpapd; cUtk;
 gpkpal;lh rpiy

ZEO WALAPANE 9
  Nkhg;gp rpiy
 jhtPJ

7) kWkyu;r;rp fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j tpQ;Qhdpfs;

 epf;fy]; nfhg;gu;zpf]; (etPd thdpay; tpQ;Qhdj;jpd; je;ij)
 n[hn`d]; nfg;yu;
 fypypNah fypyp - njhiy Nehf;fp (nraw;ghl;L tpQ;Qhdj;jpd; je;ij)
 Irf; epa+l;ld; - GtpaPu;g;G tpir

8) murpay; kWkyu;r;rp
 Njrpa muRfs; Njhw;wk;.
 kj;jpa ju tu;f;fk; Njhw;wk;.
 tu;j;jf Kd;Ndw;wk;.

nghUshjhuk;
 tu;j;jf nfhs;if mwpKfk;.
 Njrpa tupf; nfhs;if.
 Vw;Wkjp ,wf;Fkjp tu;j;jfk;.
 gzg;Gof;fk.;
 tq;fpKiw.

9) ehLfhz; gazj;ij Cf;Ftpj;j fhuzpfs;

 jpirawp fUtp fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;lik.
 tl ehl;rj;jpukhzp fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;lik.
 Gtp Nfhs tbtnkd mwpag;gl;lik.
 njhykpapd; cyfg;glk;.
 Njrpa muRfspd; mDruid.

10) ehLfhz; gazj;ij Cf;Ftpj;jtu;fs;

 Nghu;j;Jf;fy; - flNyhb n`d;wp
 ];ghdpah - Ngu;bdd;l;> ,rnyh

11) ehLfhz; gazpfSk; fz;L gpbg;GfSk;

 gu;j;jNyhkpah la]; - Gay;Kid
 th];nfhlfkh - ,e;jpah (fs;spf;Nfhl;il)
 fpwp];Nlhgu; nfhyk;g]; - Nkw;fpe;jpa jPTfs;

12) kWkyu;r;rpapdhy; ,yq;ifapy; murpay;> nghUshjhu> r%f khw;wq;fs;

ZEO WALAPANE 10
nghUshjhuk;
 INuhg;gh> ,yq;if neUq;fpa njhlu;G.
 tu;j;jfg; gapu;fs; gapuply;.
 Vw;Wkjp > ,wf;Fkjp.
 ngUe;njUf;fy;> Gifapujg; ghijfs; mikg;G.

murpay;

 murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk.;
 ghuhSkd;w Ml;rp.
 epu;thfg;gpupT.
 cNuhklr;R rl;lk;.
 ePjpkd;w njhFjp.

r%fk;
 rQ;rpiffs;> E}y;fs;> gj;jpupiffs; ntspaply;.
 Nkw;fj;Nja rpe;jidfs;.
 fj;Njhypf;f rkaguty; Gul;l];jhe;J rkak;.
 Nkw;fj;Nja fy;tp Kiw.
 fl;bl fiyfs;.

tpdhf;fs;
1. kWkyu;r;rp Vw;gl;likf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ,uz;bidf; Fwpg;gpLf.

2. kWkyu;r;rp fhyj;jpy; INuhg;ghtpy; tho;e;j E}yhrpupau;fs; ehy;tiu Fwpg;gpLf.

3. gpd;tUk; rpj;jpu fiyQu;fspd; gilg;Gfs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

 ypadhNlh lhtpd;rp
 ikf;fy; MQ;rNyh

4. ehLfhz; gazq;fis Cf;Ftpj;j fhuzpfs; ehd;fpid Fwpg;gpLf.

5. kWkyu;r;rpapdhy; ,yq;ifapy; Vw;gl;l murpay;> nghUshjhuk;> r%f

khw;wq;fs; ,t;tpuz;il Fwpg;gpLf.

ZEO WALAPANE 11