Waldhoni Flood Computation Report (20062024)

KONKAN IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, THANE.
(A GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA UNDERTAKING)
CHIEF ENGINEER
WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT KONKAN REGION, MUMBAI
SUPERITENDING ENGINEER
THANE IRRIGATION CIRCLE, THANE
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER
THANE IRRIGATION DIVISION, KALWA-THANE
NAME OF WORK: MARKING BLUE LINE, YELLOW LINE, & RED LINE UNDER
WALDHONI RIVER, TAL-AMBARNATH, DIST-THANE.
REPORT FOR FLOOD DISCHARGE COMPUTATION
Submitted by : Submitted to:

M/S. A. D. ENGINEERS The Executive Engineer,
20 Oaks, 4th Floor, Flat No. 8, Thane Irrigation Division,
Mayur Colony, Kothrud, Pune Kalwa-Thane
PIN - 411038
Pin – 416520
INDEX
Sr. Page No.

Description
No.
From To
1 Preamble 1 2
2 Introduction 2 5
3 Scope of Work 6 7
4 Methodology 7 7
4.1 Reconnaissance of the Area 7 8
4.2 Data Collection 8 9
4.3 Study of Satellite 9 9
4.4 Field Survey 10 10
4.5 Topographical Survey 10 11
4.6 Survey Methodology 11 11
4.7 Traversing 12 13
4.8 Preparation of Base Map 13 13
5 Computation of Flood Discharge 14 14
5.1 Synthetic Unit hydrograph 14 15
6 Simulation using GEOHEC-HMS & GEOHEC-RAS Software 15 15
6.1 GEOHEC-HMS 15 17
6.2 GEOHEC-RAS 18 18
6.2.1 Simulation Methodology 19 19
6.2.1 Marking of Flood Lines on Maps and on Ground 20 20
7 Conclusion 20 20
Marking Blue Line, Yellow Line and Red Line under Waldhoni River, Tal-Ambarnath, District- Thane
MARKING BLUE LINE, YELLOW LINE AND RED LINE UNDER

WALDHONI RIVER,
TALUKA- AMBARNATH, DISTRICT-THANE
1. PREAMBLE
A flood can be defined as “a temporary covering by water of land normally not covered
by water.” This includes floods from nallas & rivers, floods from heavy rain and floods from
the sea due to high tide.Floods are one of the disastrous extreme hydrological events
responsible for the thousands of casualties and great economic damage. The flood's impact is
so devastated that it is one of the critical reasons for people's migration. Some of the long-
term factors like climate change, land-use changes, and river morphological changes affect
the flood intensities and their impact on the region. Reservoir operation, snowmelt, and
extreme rainfall are also significant reasons for the floods. The extreme rainfall events cause
flood events and further intensified due to anthropogenic reasons like rapid urbanization and
poor drainage infrastructure.
A flood zone marking is extremely important to ascertain the inundation area for the
habitation along the river banks (like cities, towns and villages). The flood zone marking will
minimize the loss of life, properties along with the environmental damage during floods by
giving permission for land usage in the prohibitive and restrictive zones. Another most
important need of marking the HFL is to provide safe passage to the floods water. This type
of marking will help in removal of encroachment to keep required clear waterway for the
passage of flood water without causing damage to the habitants and the properties.
The meeting was held at chamber of Chief Secretary, Govt. of Maharashtra Dt. 17-09-
2013. In this meeting honorable Chief Secretary instructed to carry out marking of H.F.L. for
all rivers in Maharashtra has issued directives for calculating floods of 1 in 25 year and 1 in
100 year frequencies and carrying out simulation study in HEC-RAS software are detailed on
top priority.
Technical Circular DSO/PB-4/1582, dated 16/11/2015 has directed how to work out
the floods i.e. Red and Blue line.Also the Collector of Thane District constantly demands
High Flood Line (HFL) marking river plans in Thane District. This HFL will be helpful for
the habitats in the basin and more preferably along the river bank, to plan the developments.
A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 1

It has therefore been decided to carry out these studies, along with necessary field surveys
and also necessary hydrological studies for demarcating HFL.
2. INTRODUCTION
The Waldhoni River is the tributary of the Ulhas River. The river originates at Kakole
hills (800m altitude), Kakole Lake near Ambarnath and unites with Ulhas River near Shahad
village. The river in Thane district flows through Ambarnath, Ulhasnagar & Kalyan region.
The river is polluted due to release of industrial effluents, wash water& sewage. The river
was mapped with the digital global positioning system from the source to Ulhas-Waldhoni
confluence. Its total length including the tributary Shiv Nalla is about 23.50 Km. It flows
through thickly populated area of Ambarnath, Ulhasnagar and Vithalwadi and is severely
polluted due to domestic and industrial sewage. The river banks are thickly populated and
there are encroachments along both the banks of the river.
Figure 1: Map showing stretch of Waldhoni River

River Waldhoni is a left bank tributary of Ulhas River. The river bank has maximum
encroachment from Ulhasnagar on the east and Ashoknagar and Shivajinagar in Kalyan on
the west of its bank. This river lies in heavy rainfall zone. The basin receives most of the
rainfall from the South-West monsoon during June to October. Almost 99% of the total
rainfall in the basin is received during this period.
Photo 1: Waldhoni River
Waldhoni basin lies between North latitudes of 19º10’27.06” to 19º15’32.72” and East
longitudes of 73º 11'6.06” to 73º09’27.81”. The important towns/ villages situated on the
banks of Waldhoni Riverare Kakole, Palegaon, Shivganganagar, Kansai, Ashoknagar,
Ulhasnagar, Ramayannagar, Vitthalwadi, Shahad and Kohojgaon which makes it most
populated city and any small natural calamity canlead to massive social and economic
disaster.The basin receives most of the rainfall from the South-West monsoon during June to
October.

Photo 2: Waldhoni River
STUDY AREA
The project area is considered fromthe origin of Waldhoni Riverat Kakole hill to its
confluence with Ulhas River near Shahad village. The total length of the Waldhoni
Riverofabout 17.50 Km and the length of the Shiv Nalla of about 6.00 Km is considered. The
total catchment area of Waldhoni River is about 76.42 sq. km. Both the river and the nalla
have encroachment along both the banks. Hence the marking of the blue, yellow and red line
is extremely important to minimize the loss of life and property to the maximum possible
extend. At the same time these marking will also help to reduce the adverse impact on the
environment to a great extent.
Sr. No River/ Nalla Name Length (Km)
1 Waldhoni River Length 17.50 Km
2 Shiv Nalla 6.00 Km
Total Length (Km) 23.50 Km

Figure 2: Project Location Plan

3. SCOPE OF WORK
The primary objective of the project is to perform marking of Blue line, Yellow line & Red
line under Waldhoni River and its tributary (Shiv Nalla) from its origin at Kakole hills to its
confluence with Ulhas river at Tavripada village comprising total length of about 23.50 Km.
Based on the data made available by the project authority and the other relevant data
collected, the scope of the work is as mentioned below:
1) Cleaning cutting thorny shrubs, bushes and grass.

2) Fixing control points by Differential Global Position System (DGPS) instrument at
every one Km along the both side of river including collection of necessary flood
data.
3) Traverse Survey along river with cross section at 100 m c/c along river. Taking the
levels at every 30 m c/c across the cross-section using DGPS (Differential Global
Positioning System) instrument using sounding by boat in river water in wet
condition.
4) Transferring of the entire data to computer system in different geo referential layers/
themes using features of standard plotting software to get the final CSV survey data.
5) Preparing computerized AutoCAD drawing of cross section at 100 m interval with
actual profile of river (levels at every 30 m distance along cross section).
6) Generation of the contour and preparation of the Auto-cad maps.
7) Flood estimation and getting approval from the competent authority.
8) Use of GEOHEC-HMS for delineation of sub-basins and generation of basin map for
the Waldhoni River.
9) Simulation using GEOHEC-RAS for computation of the Blue line (25 Year return
flood line) and red line (100 year return flood line).
10) Superimposition of the results of the software on village maps showing
Prohibitiveline (Blue line) & Restrictive line (Red line).

• Data Collection and marking of catchment area

1
• Flood Discharge Computation

2
• Delineation of watershed area using GEOHEC-HMS

3
• Preparation of data for GEOHEC-RAS

4
• Simulation of River Model and GEOHEC-RAS output

5
• Generation of Contour Maps and Village Maps

6
• Marking of Red, Blue and Yellow Lines on Maps

7
4. METHODOLOGY
Our approach and methodology has been developed in line with the requirements as per
Terms of Reference (ToR). The project’s scope of works i.e. “Marking Blue Line, Yellow
Line, & Red Line under Waldhoni River, Tal-Ambarnath, and Dist.-Thane” and getting
necessary approval from competent Authorityis important to formulate the methodology.
4.1 Reconnaissance of the Area
 Prior to commencement of the work, the site is inspected in detail to get acquainted
with the various aspects of the project area and also the vulnerable storage sites/
reservoirs in the area.
 Latest precise instruments and equipment were used for successful execution of the
survey work.

 The survey work was conducted using DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System)
and by Drone.
4.2 Data Collection
 Various data required for the studies were procured prior to commencement of studies.
 All the toposheets required for the basin were procured from Survey of India.
 Details of the river and its tributaries along with all its Nallas were taken.
 Details of the various structures like Road bridges, Foot Bridges, Culverts and Weirs in
the project areas were also collected.

 Details of the past flood events occurred and observed high flood lines and highly flood
affected villages from villagers or from authority were collected.
Photo 3: Survey Work of the Project Area
4.3 Study of Satellite
 Satellite imaginaries werestudied for finalizing the basin map for the Waldhoni River.
 Following details were studied for finalizing the map:
 Tributaries, Nallas and other depressions on the river.
 Permanent structures like bridges, weirs, temples or any other details along or
across the river.
 Forest Area.
 Hilly Area.
 Water bodies in and around the vicinity of the project area.
 Flood zones for various river basins in the project area.

4.4 Field Survey
 The survey work was carried out by using advanced equipment like DGPS and Drone.
 Grid / contour survey at 30 m interval including establishing TBM at suitable interval
along river by using DGPS instrument was carried out.
 Survey for L-section for River and cross section at 100 m interval by using DGPS and
Drone instrumentwas carried out.
 In addition, spot levels were taken on & near existing roads, railways and nallas etc.
 Details of all prominent features such as village site & habitant sites, buildings
Kaccha/Pakka roads, metal roads, tar roads, wells and houses, high tension lines,
electric and telephone lines were also taken and shown on the river plans.
 River plans were prepared in 1:5000 scale showing contour intervals of 0.50 m
Village maps with gut nos. / Survey nos. are scanned, digitized and superimposed on
the river plans.
4.5 Topographical Survey
For conducting topographical survey following methodology was followed:

(A) Field Work: -
 Ground Control Points: -Established fixed points on the ground with known
coordinates to serve as reference points for the survey.
 Data Collection: Used surveying instruments such as DGPS, and leveling
instruments to measure the horizontal and vertical positions of points on the land.
(B) Elevation Data: -
 Determinedthe elevation of various points on the land surface to create contour lines.
 Measured changes in elevation to represent hills, valleys, and other topographical
features.
(C)Contour Mapping: -
 Createdcontour lines to represent changes in elevation. Contour lines connect points

of equal elevation.
 Contours help to visualize the shape of the terrain, including slopes, ridges, and
depressions.

(D) Spot Elevation: -
 Identified specific points with their exact elevations, such as the tops of hills, bottoms
of valleys, or key features like building corners.
(E) Data Accuracy and Precision: -
 Ensured high accuracy in measurements to provide reliable and precise topographical

information.
 Utilized advanced surveying equipment and techniques to minimize the errors.
(F) Data Processing: -

 Processed and analyzed the collected field data to generate a detailed and accurate
topographical map.
 Utilized computer software to create digital elevation models (DEMs) and three-
dimensional representations of the terrain.
(G) Topographical Map:-

 Presented the survey results in the form of a topographical map.
 The map includes contour lines, spot elevations, and symbols representing various
features, provided a comprehensive visual representation of the land.
4.6 Survey Methodology
All field workwas carried out using DGPS in the World Geodetic System WGS-84
coordinate system in the following steps:
 Survey work was carried out by Differential Global Position System (DGPS) along
with advance survey instruments. The bench mark was carried to site, from the
nearest available GTS benchmark. The location and details of GTS benchmark were
taken and sufficient no. of reference bench marks was established.
 The cross sections of the river were taken at 100 m c/c along the river. The levels on
cross section were taken at 30 m c/c.
 Established horizontal and vertical controls and located reference grids and bench
mark in the command area. (Ground Control Points).
 Survey was carried out for establishing spot levels and plotting contours at 0.5 m in
contour interval (according to the nature & slope of the ground).

4.7 Traversing
Traversing method was adopted for measuring horizontal distances and determining the
angles between points on the Earth's surface. This technique is commonly used to establish
control networks, measure boundaries, and create accurate maps. Traversing involves a series
of connected survey lines, forming a closed figure or circuit. The main components of
traversing include:
 Instrument Setup-The surveyor sets up the surveying instrument at a known point

with known coordinates.
 Establishing the Starting Point-The surveyor selects a starting point and determines
its coordinates (or assumes coordinates if it is a temporary or arbitrary point).
 Orientation-The surveyor orients the instrument by sighting a known direction or
azimuth, aligning the instrument with the true north or another reference direction
 Measuring Angle- The surveyor measures horizontal angles between consecutive
survey points using the instrument. These angles were measured clockwise or
counterclockwise from the initial reference direction.
 Measuring Distance- Horizontal distances between consecutive points were
measured using a tape, EDM (Electronic Distance Measurement), or other distance-
measuring devices.
 Calculating Coordinates- Based on the measured angles and distances, the surveyor
calculates the coordinates of each surveyed point using trigonometric computations.
 Closing the Traverse-The traverse is closed when the last point is connected back to
the starting point, forming a closed circuit. The closing error was calculated by
comparing the measured and calculated positions of the starting point.
 Adjustments-If there are discrepancies or closing errors, the surveyor may apply
adjustments to distribute errors proportionally among the surveyed points. Common
adjustment methods include the Bowditch, Transit, and Crandall methods.
 Field Notes- Detailed field notes were recorded during the survey, documenting
instrument readings, observed angles, measured distances, and any additional
information relevant to the traverse.
 Plotting- The survey data was plotted on a map or drawing, creating a representation
of the traversed area. This map typically includes the surveyed points, connecting
lines, and any relevant features.

Figure 3: Traversing
4.8 Preparation of Base Maps
a. The preparation of base flood maps involves the analysis and representation of flood
risk and inundation areas in a geographic area. Flood maps are essential tools for
understanding, managing, and mitigating the impacts of flooding.
b. After processing the survey data in software Auto plotter ,base map in the scale
(1:5000) were generated at one m vertical contour interval and showing all cadastral
details viz. roads, railways, waterways, buildings, power lines, natural streams, village
sites, monuments etc.
c. All maps and drawings were prepared in digitized forms having adequate separate
layers for features using standard computer software like AutoCAD, Geo- HEC RAS
and Arc-GIS on standard A-0 size as per the standards.

5. COMPUTATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGE
Computation of flood values of 100 years and 25 years intensities is necessary for flood level
study. For marking of Prohibitive (Blue) and Restrictive (Red) flood zones Government of
Maharashtra has issued a Technical Circular (MERI Nasik No. DSO/PB-4/1582/Dated
16/11/2015) wherein detailed directives are given.
As per the directives, the catchments are classified in gauged catchments and ungauged
catchments. Gauged are those having river gauge stations to measure discharge and ungauged
are otherwise. Where gauge data is available for more than 30 years’ period, flood values of
various intensities are derived by using Flood Frequency Analysis (FFA). For ungauged
catchments FER I.e. Synthetic Unit Hydro graph (SUH) method is used for estimation of
floods and for gauged this discharge data is studied and analyzed for arriving at flood
discharges of various intensities.
5.1 Synthetic Unit Hydrograph
The unit hydrograph or unit graph is defined as the hydrograph of storm run-off at a
given point in the river, resulting from an isolated rainfall of unit duration (normally taken as
6 hours to 12 hours) occurring uniformly over the catchment area and producing unit run-off.
The unit run-off adopted is 1 cm depth over the catchment area.
A Committee of Engineers appointed by Govt. of India recommended a rational
methodology based on use of design storms and unit hydrograph for estimating design flood
for different zones/sub-zones of India. The report as prepared jointly by CWC, RDSO
(Railways), MOSRT & H and IMD have been published by CWC, Govt. of India. These
reports give methodology through a set of charts and graphs for quick estimation of design
flood of 25, 50, 100 years of return periods for ungauged catchments areas. The same report
is used to work out discharge of Waldhoni River. Detail calculations for Flood Discharge for
Red Line (100 years return period) and Flood Discharge for Blue Line (25 years return
period) are attached separately. The various steps involved in estimating thedesign flood are
as under:

6. SIMULATION USING GEOHEC-HMS AND GEOHEC-RAS SOFTWARE
6.1 GEOHEC-HMS
The US Army Corps of engineers has developed GEOHEC-HMS (Hydrological

Engineering Centre-HydrologicalModelling System) model. The GEOHEC-HMS is a
physically based and conceptual semi-distributed model designedfor a dendritic watershed
system to simulate the rainfall-runoff. The model is developed in such a manner that it canbe
applied to investigate studies related to flood frequency,urban flooding, flood warning system
planning, reservoirspillway capacity, stream restoration, etc. The model hasdifferent modules
for losses, runoff transformation, openchannel routing, and modules for the analysis of
meteorological data, rainfall-runoff simulation and parameterestimation. Various components
of the runoff processes aremodelled separately in GEOHEC-HMS through these modules.
These include models to compute runoff volume, directrunoff and base flow. (GEOHEC-
HMS) has been developed as a geospatial hydrology toolkit for engineers and

hydrologists.Analysing digital terrain data, GEOHEC-HMS transforms the drainage paths

and watershed boundaries into a hydrologic data structure that represents the drainage
network.
The hydrological model has been developed for the study area to delineate the watershed.
I. The study areais defined by identifying an outlet.In GEOHEC-HMS, GIS tools
extracts data for the drainage area upstream of the defined outlet.
II. GEOHEC-HMS, the Delineate Sub-basins command delineates upstream drainage
sub-basins from user-selected locations, detailing the sub-basin boundaries and
upstream drainage tributaries that contribute runoff to the selected locations.
III. Watershed is delineated in three stages. First stage is the clipping and smoothening of
the surface followed by delineation of the streams and finally the delineation of the
watershed.
IV. Waldhoni river basin watershed delineation is as shown below:
Photo 4: Waldhoni River Sub Basin

Photo 5: Waldhoni River Basin

6.2 GEOHEC-RAS
The Hydraulic calculation was carried out using GEOHEC-RAS Software. The following
data was required for computation:
a. Cross-section Data: The data at every 30m distance along cross section was taken.
Also LOB, ROB and left flank and right flank width of the river were included in the
model.
b. Steady Flow Data: The discharges calculated by FER Method wasused as input in flow
data
c. Boundary condition: Appropriate upstream and downstream boundary condition i.e.
Known W.S. / Critical Depth/ Normal Depth and Rating Curveof the river were used.
d. Manning's Roughness Coefficient ‘n’: Manning’s n value was considered according
to river bed material or as per guideline.
e. The flood discharges at various frequencies/ intensities were considered.
Figure 4: GEOHEC-RAS Model showing Geo-referenced cross-sections

6.2.1 Simulation Methodology
The river system was divided into three reaches. Cross-sections were imported as
geometric data within these reaches. The manning’s constant was set for both the flanks
and main channel. Flood discharges for 25 and 100 years return period at various
locations/reaches was provided as data for steady flow. After feeding all the required
data, steady flow simulation was carried out using GEOHEC-RAS.
After running the GEOHEC-RAS Simulation, the resultant output was generated by the
model which shows Typical cross-sections output, general profile plot, rating curves, X-
Y-Z Perspective Plot.
Figure 2: GEOHEC-RAS Cross-Section Output

6.2.2 Marking of Flood Lines on Maps and on Ground
The digitized Village maps which were available in l: 5000 scales or any suitable
scale were joined together. On these maps the Prohibitive and Restrictive zones were marked
with the help of Blue and Red lines, along with the cross-sectional details and levels etc. GIS
mapping of the flood lines was done.
The Blue and Red lines were marked on permanent and prominent features/structures
like public building, bridges, temples etc. along with the river. Detailed flood maps in various
formats, including digital and printed versions were prepared and ensured that the maps are
clear, accurate, and easily understandable for both technical and non-technical audiences. The
marking on maps and on ground shall be cross checked by ground truth verification. After
verification the Regional Chief Engineer shall sign and sanction the maps.
The digitized sanctioned and signed maps will be published on WRD website. In future
if any dispute arises regarding flood lines marked on ground and that on maps, the flood lines
and levels thereof marked on approved maps shall be considered final and binding.
7. CONCLUSION
With this marking of Red Line and Blue Flood Lines it is easy to know flood affected areas
along the river bank. The ultimate aim of flood management is to minimize human losses and
economic damages, while making use of the natural resources for the benefit and wellbeing
of the people. It is seen that flood discharge calculated by Synthetic Unit Hydrograph is
accurate. This technique provides the reliable discharge profile for the flood forecast
computation. Hence, the method adopted for flood discharge computation is accurate and the
GEOHEC-RAS model setup can be effectively used for marking of the blue, yellow and red
line area.

25 & 100 YEAR DISCHARGE CALCULATIONS FOR WALDHONI RIVER BASIN
ABSTRACT
Unit Hydrograph method studied at 17.5 KM
1 Catchment area (A) = 76.42 sqkm
2 1 in 25 flood (Q) (free catchment) = 633.17 Cumecs
3 Value of coefficient 'C'
Q
C=
A^0.5
= 72.43
As calculated (By unit hydrograph method)
1 Catchment area (A) = 76.42 sqkm
2 1 in 100 flood (Q) (free catchment) = 756.08 Cumecs
3 Value of coefficient 'C'
Q
C=
A^0.5
= 86.49
STATEMENT SHOWING DISCHARGES @ SELECTED PLACES
Catchment Free 1 in 25 flood discharge 1 in 100 flood discharge

Reaches at
SR. area Catchment Coefficient Discharge Coefficient discharge
km
NO. (Sq km) (Sq km) (Cumecs) (Cumecs)
1 0.00 2.12 2.12 72.43 105.46 86.49 125.93
2 14.00 47.58 47.58 72.43 499.60 86.49 596.59
3 17.50 76.42 76.42 72.43 633.17 86.49 756.08
TRIBUTORY - 1) SHIV NALLA MEETS WALDHUNI AT 14.00 KM

4 0.00 3.50 3.50 72.43 135.50 86.49 161.81
5 6.00 17.61 17.61 72.43 303.94 86.49 362.95
Sample calculation
1) For 25 year:-
Q = C x A^0.5
Q = 72.429 x 76.42^0.5
Q = 633.17 ( 22360.07 cusecs )
2) For 100 year

Q = Coefficient x (C.A at Reache - C.A. of Dam )^0.5
Q = 756.08
Q = 756.08 ( 26700.72 cusecs )
Sub Divisional Engineer Superintending Engineer

Irrigation Sub. Division No. 1 Thane Irrigation Circle
Kalwa-Thane Thane
Executive Engineer Chief Engineer

Thane Irrigation Division WRD Kokan Region,
Kalwa-Thane Mumbai
CALCULATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGE BY SYNTHETIC UNIT HYDROGRAPH METHOD
FOR 100 YEAR DESIGN FLOOD
WALDHONI RIVER BASIN
The particulars of the catchment under study are as under :

i. Name & number of sub-zone : Konkan Coastal sub zone- 5(a)
ii. Name of site (i.e. point of study) : 17.50 Km.
iii. Name of River : Waldhoni River
iv. Shape of the catchment : Fan Shaped
v. Site Location Lattitude : 19°10'27.06"N
longitude : 73°11'6.06"E
vi. Topography : Moderately steep slope
Step 1 :- Determination of Physiographic Parameters
1 . Catchment Area = 76.42 Sq.Km.

2 . Length of Longest Main Stream (L) = 17.50 Km.
3 . Equivalent stream slope (S) = 3.171 m/Km
tr = 1 hrs
Calculation of Equivalent stream slope :-
Sr. Distance Starting Reduced Level of Length of each Segment Height Above Di-1+Di Li(Di-1+Di)
No. From origin River Bed (Li) the Datum (Di)
(Km) (m) (Km) (m) (m) (Km x m)
1 0.00 -1.10 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000

2 0.50 0.80 0.50 1.900 1.900 0.950
3 1.00 1.00 0.50 2.100 4.000 2.000
4 1.50 1.50 0.50 2.600 4.700 2.350
5 2.00 2.50 0.50 3.600 6.200 3.100
6 2.50 3.00 0.50 4.100 7.700 3.850
7 3.00 4.50 0.50 5.600 9.700 4.850
8 3.50 5.50 0.50 6.600 12.200 6.100
9 4.00 6.00 0.50 7.100 13.700 6.850
10 4.50 7.00 0.50 8.100 15.200 7.600
11 5.00 8.50 0.50 9.600 17.700 8.850
12 5.50 8.50 0.50 9.600 19.200 9.600
13 6.00 9.50 0.50 10.600 20.200 10.100
14 6.50 10.00 0.50 11.100 21.700 10.850
15 7.00 10.30 0.50 11.400 22.500 11.250
16 7.50 10.50 0.50 11.600 23.000 11.500
17 8.00 11.00 0.50 12.100 23.700 11.850
18 8.50 12.50 0.50 13.600 25.700 12.850
19 9.00 14.50 0.50 15.600 29.200 14.600
20 9.50 15.00 0.50 16.100 31.700 15.850
21 10.00 19.50 0.50 20.600 36.700 18.350
22 10.50 22.50 0.50 23.600 44.200 22.100
23 11.00 25.50 0.50 26.600 50.200 25.100
24 11.50 28.00 0.50 29.100 55.700 27.850
25 12.00 29.50 0.50 30.600 59.700 29.850
26 12.50 36.00 0.50 37.100 67.700 33.850
27 13.00 42.00 0.50 43.100 80.200 40.100
28 13.50 44.00 0.50 45.100 88.200 44.100
29 14.00 46.50 0.50 47.600 92.700 46.350
30 14.50 50.00 0.50 51.100 98.700 49.350
31 15.00 56.00 0.50 57.100 108.200 54.100
32 15.50 61.50 0.50 62.600 119.700 59.850
33 16.00 70.50 0.50 71.600 134.200 67.100
34 16.50 81.60 0.50 82.700 154.300 77.150
35 17.00 96.50 0.50 97.600 180.300 90.150
36 17.50 163.00 0.50 164.100 261.700 130.850
Sum : 971.150
Datum is reduced level of river bed at point of study = -1.1 m
ƩLi (Di-1+Di)
Equivalent Stream Slope (S) =
L2
971.150
(S) =
17.5^2
(S) = 3.171 m/Km
Step 2 :- Derivation of 1 Hr. Synthetic Unit Hydrograph

(i) Peak discharge of unit hydrograph per unit area in cumecs per sq.km (qp)
qp = 0.9178 x (L/S)^-0.4313
= 0.9178 x (17.5/3.171)^-0.4313
qp = 0.4393 Cumecs/Sq.Km.
(ii) Time from the centre of unit Rainfall duration to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours (tp)
tp = 1.5607 x (qp)^-1.0814
= 1.5607 x (0.439)^-1.0814
tp = 3.80 hrs Say 3.80 hrs
(iii) Width of U.G. measured at 50% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W50)
w50 = 1.925 x (qp)^-1.0896
= 1.925 x (0.4393)^-1.0896
w50 = 4.72 hrs Say 4.70 hrs
(iv) Width of U.G. measured at 75% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W75)
w75 = 1.0189 x (qp)^-1.0443
= 1.0189 x (0.4393)^-1.0443
w75 = 2.41 hrs Say 2.40 hrs
(v) Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 50 % peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (WR50)
wR50 = 0.5788 x (qp)^-1.1072
= 0.5788 x (0.4393)^-1.1072
wR50 = 1.44 hrs Say 1.40 hrs
(vi) Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 75 % peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (WR75)
wR75 = 0.3469 x (qp)^-1.0538
= 0.3469x (0.4393)^-1.0538
wR75 = 0.83 hrs Say 0.80 hrs
(vii) Base Width of Unit Hydrograph in hours (TB)

TB = 7.380 x (tp)^0.7343
= 7.38 x (3.8)^0.7343
TB = 19.67 hrs Say 20.00 hrs
(viii) Time from the start of rise to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours (tm)
tm = tp + (tr/2)
= 3.8 + (1/2)
tm = 4.30 hrs Say 4.00 hrs
(ix) Peak discharge of unit hydrograph in cubic metres per second (Qp)
Qp = qp x A
= 0.4393 x 76.42
= 33.57 Cumecs Say 33.60 Cumecs
Axd
Q =
ti x 0.36
(76.42 X 1)
=
(1 X 0.36)
Where, A = Catchment area in Sq.Km.
d = 1.0 cm depth
ti = tr (the unit duration of the UG)
= 1 hrs
Q = 212.28 Cumecs
Step 3 :- Estimation of Design Storm
Design Storm Duration(T D) = 1.1 x tp

= 1.1 x 3.8
= 4.18 hrs Say 4.00 hrs
100 YEAR RAINFALL ….....….From 100 years return period

480 520 flood isopluvial map
year 24 Hr point rainfall is = 500 mm.
= 50.00 cm.
The conversion factor = 0.53

year 4 hours rainfall = 50 x 0.525 = 26.25 cm.
Areal reduction factor of 0.909 corrosponding to the catchment area of 76.42 Sq.Km. for TD =
4 Hr. was interpoleted.
C. A. Hours
50 93.000
76.420 90.886
100 89.000 ...Annexure 4.2(CWC)
The Arial reduction factor = 0.909

Areal Rainfall Correspond to T D = 26.25 x 0.909
= 23.86 cm.
Design loss rate = 0.19 cm./Hr. (….Annexure 3.5)
Table :- 1
(Hourly Rainfall Increments)
Duration Distribution Storm rainfall Rainfall Effective
coefficient (Ref. increments Rainfall
(Hrs) Annexure 4.3) (cm) (cm) increments
(cm)
1 2 3 4 5
(Annexure 4.3)
1 0.57 13.60 13.60 13.41
2 0.81 19.32 5.73 5.54
3 0.94 22.43 3.10 2.91
4 1.00 23.86 1.43 1.24
Step 4 :- Estimation of base flow
Base Flow = 0.15 Cumecs/Sq.Km. (….Annexure 3.6)

Base Flow For 76.42 Sq.Km C.A. = 76.42 x 0.15
= 11.46 Cumecs
Step 5 :- Estimation of design flood
For the computation of the peak discharge, the effective rainfall increments were re-arranged
against ordinates such that the maximum effective rainfall is placed against the maximum
U.G. ordinate, the next lower value of effective rainfall against the next lower value of U.G.
ordinate and so on, as shown in col. (2) and (3) in the following table. Sum of the product of
U.G. ordinates and the effective rainfall increments gives the total direct runoff peak as
under.
Table :- 2
( year flood peak)
Time U.G.ordinates 1 Hr effective Direct runoff
(Hrs) (Cumecs) (cm) (Cumecs)
1 2 3 4 = (2 x 3)
3 29.70 2.91 86.43
4 33.60 13.41 450.58
5 31.60 5.54 175.06
6 26.25 1.24 32.55
Total : 744.62
Base Flow : 11.46
Discharge : 756.08 Cumecs
( 26700.72 cusecs )

Irrigation Sub. Division No.1 Thane Irrigation Circle
Kalwa-Thane Thane
Executive Engineer Chief Engineer

Thane Irrigation Division WRD Kokan Region,
Kalwa-Thane Mumbai
CALCULATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGE BY SYNTHETIC UNIT
HYDROGRAPH METHOD
CRITICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EXCESS RAINFALL ( FOR 100 YEAR )
Time UHG Direct Base Total
in co- Effective Rainfall increments Runoff Flow surface
Hour ordinates 1.24 5.54 13.41 2.91 flow
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.46 11.46

1 1.45 1.80 0.00 1.80 11.46 13.26
2 5.30 6.57 8.03 0.00 14.61 11.46 26.07
3 29.70 36.83 29.36 19.44 0.00 85.63 11.46 97.10
4 33.60 41.66 164.54 71.07 4.22 281.49 11.46 292.96
5 31.60 39.18 186.14 398.28 15.42 639.03 11.46 650.49
6 26.25 32.55 175.06 450.58 86.43 744.62 11.46 756.08
7 21.65 26.85 145.43 423.76 97.78 693.80 11.46 705.27
8 15.50 19.22 119.94 352.01 91.96 583.13 11.46 594.59
9 12.50 15.50 85.87 290.33 76.39 468.08 11.46 479.55
10 9.45 11.72 69.25 207.86 63.00 351.82 11.46 363.29
11 7.30 9.05 52.35 167.63 45.11 274.14 11.46 285.60
12 5.40 6.70 40.44 126.72 36.38 210.24 11.46 221.70
13 3.80 4.71 29.92 97.89 27.50 160.02 11.46 171.48
14 2.78 3.45 21.05 72.41 21.24 118.16 11.46 129.62
15 2.10 2.60 15.40 50.96 15.71 84.68 11.46 96.14
16 1.60 1.98 11.63 37.28 11.06 61.96 11.46 73.42
17 1.35 1.67 8.86 28.16 8.09 46.79 11.46 58.25
18 0.60 0.74 7.48 21.46 6.11 35.79 11.46 47.25
19 0.35 0.43 3.32 18.10 4.66 26.52 11.46 37.98
20 0.00 0.00 1.94 8.05 3.93 13.91 11.46 25.38
0.00 4.69 1.75 6.44 11.46 17.90
0.00 1.02 1.02 11.46 12.48
0.00 0.00 11.46 11.46
756.08
Sub Divisional Engineer Superitending Engineer

Irrigation Sub. Divisional No.1 Thane Irrigation Circle
Kalwa-Thane Thane
800.00
100 YEAR FLOOD HYDROGRAPH 100 YEAR FLOOD HYDROGRAPH
750.00
700.00 705.27
650.00
600.00 594.59
550.00
500.00
479.55
450.00
400.00
363.29
350.00
300.00 292.96 285.60

250.00
221.70
200.00
171.48
150.00
129.62
100.00 96.14
73.42
50.00 58.25
47.25
37.98
25.38 17.90
11.46 12.48
11.46
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
FOR 25 YEAR DESIGN FLOOD
The particulars of the catchment under study are as under :

i. Name & number of sub-zone : Konkan Coastal sub zone- 5(a)
ii. Name of site (i.e. point of study) : 17.500 Km.
iii. Name of River : Waldhoni River
iv. Shape of the catchment : Fan Shaped
v. Site Location Lattitude : 19°10'27.06"N
longitude : 73°11'6.06"E
vi. Topography : Moderately steep slope
Step 1 :- Determination of Physiographic Parameters
1 . Catchment Area = 76.42 Sq.Km.

2 . Length of Longest Main Stream (L) = 17.50 Km.
3 . Equivalent stream slope (S) = 3.171 m/Km
tr = 1 hrs
Calculation of Equivalent stream slope :-
Distance Starting Height Above

Sr. Reduced Level of Length of each
From origin the Datum Di-1+Di Li(Di-1+Di)
No. River Bed Segment (Li)
(segment) (Di)
1 2 3 4 5 6
(Km) (m) (Km) (m) (m) (Km x m)
1 0.00 -1.10 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000

2 0.50 0.80 0.50 1.900 1.900 0.950
3 1.00 1.00 0.50 2.100 4.000 2.000
4 1.50 1.50 0.50 2.600 4.700 2.350
5 2.00 2.50 0.50 3.600 6.200 3.100
6 2.50 3.00 0.50 4.100 7.700 3.850
7 3.00 4.50 0.50 5.600 9.700 4.850
8 3.50 5.50 0.50 6.600 12.200 6.100
9 4.00 6.00 0.50 7.100 13.700 6.850
10 4.50 7.00 0.50 8.100 15.200 7.600
11 5.00 8.50 0.50 9.600 17.700 8.850
12 5.50 8.50 0.50 9.600 19.200 9.600
13 6.00 9.50 0.50 10.600 20.200 10.100
14 6.50 10.00 0.50 11.100 21.700 10.850
15 7.00 10.30 0.50 11.400 22.500 11.250
16 7.50 10.50 0.50 11.600 23.000 11.500
17 8.00 11.00 0.50 12.100 23.700 11.850
18 8.50 12.50 0.50 13.600 25.700 12.850
19 9.00 14.50 0.50 15.600 29.200 14.600
20 9.50 15.00 0.50 16.100 31.700 15.850
21 10.00 19.50 0.50 20.600 36.700 18.350
22 10.50 22.50 0.50 23.600 44.200 22.100
23 11.00 25.50 0.50 26.600 50.200 25.100
24 11.50 28.00 0.50 29.100 55.700 27.850
25 12.00 29.50 0.50 30.600 59.700 29.850
26 12.50 36.00 0.50 37.100 67.700 33.850
27 13.00 42.00 0.50 43.100 80.200 40.100
28 13.50 44.00 0.50 45.100 88.200 44.100
29 14.00 46.50 0.50 47.600 92.700 46.350
30 14.50 50.00 0.50 51.100 98.700 49.350
31 15.00 56.00 0.50 57.100 108.200 54.100
32 15.50 61.50 0.50 62.600 119.700 59.850
33 16.00 70.50 0.50 71.600 134.200 67.100
34 16.50 81.60 0.50 82.700 154.300 77.150
35 17.00 96.50 0.50 97.600 180.300 90.150
36 17.50 163.00 0.50 164.100 261.700 130.850
Sum : 971.150
Datum is reduced level of river bed at point of study = -1.1 m
ƩLi (Di-1+Di)
Equivalent Stream Slope (S) = 2
L
971.150
(S) =
17.5^2
(S) = 3.171 m/Km
Step 2 :- Derivation of 1 Hr. synthetic unit hydrograph
(i) Peak discharge of unit hydrograph per unit area in cumecs per sq.km (qp)
qp = 0.9178 x (L/S)^ -0.4313
= 0.9178 x (17.5/3.171)^-0.4313
qp = 0.4393 Cumecs/Sq.Km.
(ii) Time from the centre of unit Rainfall duration to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours (tp)
tp = 1.5607 x (q p)^-1.0814
1.5607 x (0.4393)^-1.0814
tp = 3.80 hrs Say 3.80 hrs
(iii) Width of U.G. measured at 50% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W 50)
w50 = 1.925 x (q p)^-1.0896
1.925 x (0.4393)^-1.0896
w50 = 4.72 hrs Say 4.70 hrs
(iv) Width of U.G. measured at 75% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W 75)
w75 = 1.0189 x (q p)^-1.0443
= 1.0189 x (0.4393)^-1.0443
w75 = 2.41 hrs Say 2.40 hrs
(v) Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 50 % peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W R50)
wR50 = 0.5788 x (q p)^-1.1072
= 0.5788 x (0.4393)^-1.1072
wR50 = 1.44 hrs Say 1.40 hrs
(vi) Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 75 % peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours (W R75)
wR75 = 0.3469 x (q p)^-1.0538
= 0.3469 x (0.4393)^-1.0538
wR75 = 0.83 hrs Say 0.80 hrs
(vii) Base Width of Unit Hydrograph in hours (T B)

TB = 7.380 x (t p)^0.7343
= 7.38 x (3.8)^0.7343
TB = 19.67 hrs Say 20.00 hrs
(viii) Time from the start of rise to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours (t m)
tm = tp + (tr/2)
= 3.8 + (1/2)
tm = 4.30 hrs Say 4.00 hrs
(ix) Peak discharge of unit hydrograph in cubic metres per second (Q p)

Qp = qp x A
= 0.4393 x 76.42
= 33.57 Cumecs Say 33.60 Cumecs
(x) Axd
Q =
ti x 0.36
(76.42 X 1)
=
(1 X 0.36)
Where, A = Catchment area in Sq.Km.
d = 1.0 cm depth
ti = tr (the unit duration of the UG)
= 1 hrs
Q = 212.28 Cumecs
Step 3 :- Estimation of Design Storm
Design Storm Duration(TD) = 1.1 x tp

= 1.1 x 3.8
= 4.18 hrs Say 4.00 hrs
Location of project :
Start point Lattitude = 19°10'27.06"N
Longitude = 73°11'6.06"E
End point Lattitude = 19°15'32.72"N
Longitude = 73°9'27.81"E
25 YEAR RAINFALL ….....….From 25 years return period flood

400 440 isopluvial map
year 24 Hr point rainfall is = 420 mm.
= 42.00 cm.
The conversion factor of 0.525 was read from figure No.10 to convert the year 24 hour point
rainfall to year 4 hour rainfall (since TD = 4 hrs)
The conversion factor = 0.525

year 4 hours rainfall = 42 x 0.525
= 22.05 cm.
Areal reduction factor of 0.909 corrosponding to the catchment area of 76.42 Sq.Km. for TD
= 4 Hr. was Interpoleted.
C. A. Hours
50 93
76.42 Sq.Km. 90.89
100 89 ...Annexure 4.2(CWC)
The Areal reduction factor = 0.909

Areal Rainfall Correspond to TD = 22.05 x 0.909
= 20.04 cm.
Design loss rate = 0.19 cm./Hr. ...Annexure 3.5(CWC)
Table :- 1
(Hourly Rainfall Increments)
Effective
Distribution Rainfall
Duration Storm rainfall Rainfall
coefficient increments
increments
(Hrs) (cm) (cm) (cm)
1 2 3 4 5
(Annexure 4.3)
1 0.57 11.42 11.42 11.23
2 0.81 16.23 4.81 4.62
3 0.94 18.84 2.61 2.42
4 1.00 20.04 1.20 1.01
Step 4 :- Estimation of base flow
Base Flow = 0.15 Cumecs/Sq.Km. ...Annexure 3.6(CWC)

Base Flow For 76.42 Sq.Km C.A. = 76.42 x 0.15
= 11.46 Cumecs
Step 5 :- Estimation of design flood
For the computation of the peak discharge, the effective rainfall increments were re-
arranged against ordinates such that the maximum effective rainfall is placed against the
maximum U.G. ordinate, the next lower value of effective rainfall against the next lower
value of U.G. ordinate and so on, as shown in col. (2) and (3) in the following table. Sum of
the product of U.G. ordinates and the effective rainfall increments gives the total direct
runoff peak as under.
Table :- 2
( year flood peak)
Time Unit Hydrograph 1 Hr effective Direct runoff
Ordinates rainfall
(Hrs) (Cumecs) (cm) (Cumecs)
1 2 3 4(C2 x C3)
3 29.70 2.42 71.87
4 33.60 11.23 377.33
5 31.60 4.62 145.99
6 26.25 1.01 26.51
Total : 621.71
Base Flow : 11.46
Discharge : 633.17 Cumecs
( 22360.07 cusecs )

Irrigation Sub. Division No.1 Thane Irrigation Circle
Kalwa-Thane Thane
Executive Engineer
Thane Irrigation Division
Kalwa- Thane
CALCULATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGE BY SYNTHETIC UNIT
HYDROGRAPH METHOD
CRITICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EXCESS RAINFALL ( FOR 25 YEAR )
Time UHG Direct Base Total
in co- Effective Rainfall increments Runoff Flow surface
Hours ordinates 1.01 4.62 11.23 2.42 flow
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.46 11.46

1 1.45 1.46 0.00 1.46 11.46 12.92
2 5.30 5.35 6.70 0.00 12.05 11.46 23.51
3 29.70 30.00 24.49 16.28 0.00 70.77 11.46 82.23
4 33.60 33.94 137.21 59.52 3.51 234.18 11.46 245.64
5 31.60 31.92 155.23 333.53 12.83 533.51 11.46 544.97
6 26.25 26.51 145.99 377.33 71.87 621.71 11.46 633.17
7 21.65 21.87 121.28 354.87 81.31 579.32 11.46 590.78
8 15.50 15.66 100.02 294.79 76.47 486.94 11.46 498.40
9 12.50 12.63 71.61 243.13 63.53 390.89 11.46 402.35
10 9.45 9.54 57.75 174.07 52.39 293.75 11.46 305.21
11 7.30 7.37 43.66 140.38 37.51 228.92 11.46 240.38
12 5.40 5.45 33.73 106.12 30.25 175.55 11.46 187.01
13 3.80 3.84 24.95 81.98 22.87 133.63 11.46 145.09
14 2.78 2.81 17.56 60.64 17.67 98.67 11.46 110.13
15 2.10 2.12 12.84 42.67 13.07 70.71 11.46 82.17
16 1.60 1.62 9.70 31.22 9.20 51.73 11.46 63.19
17 1.35 1.36 7.39 23.58 6.73 39.07 11.46 50.53
18 0.60 0.61 6.24 17.97 5.08 29.89 11.46 41.35
19 0.35 0.35 2.77 15.16 3.87 22.16 11.46 33.62
20 0.00 0.00 1.62 6.74 3.27 11.62 11.46 23.08
0.00 3.93 1.45 5.38 11.46 16.84
0.00 0.85 0.85 11.46 12.31
0.00 0.00 11.46 11.46
633.17
Sub Divisional Engineer Executive Engineer

Irrigation Sub. Division No. 1 Thane Irrigation Division
Kalwa-Thane Kalwa-Thane
700.00
25 YEAR FLOOD HYDROGRAPH
25 YEAR FLOOD HYDROGRAPH
600.00
590.78
544.97
500.00 498.40
400.00 402.35
300.00 305.21
240.38
200.00
187.01
145.09
110.13
100.00
82.23 82.17
63.19
50.53
41.35 33.62
23.08 16.84
11.46 12.31
11.46
0.00
0 1 2 3
ORDINATES OF SYNTHETIC UNIT HYDROGRAPH
Time 1- Hour
(hrs.) Synthetic U.G. C.Area = 76.42 Sq.km
Ordinates (cumecs) tr = 1.00
0 0.00 Qp = 33.60 cumecs
1 1.45 qp = 0.4393 cumecs
2 5.30 tp = 3.80 hrs
3 29.70 Tm = 4.00 hrs
4 33.60 TB = 20.00 hrs
5 31.60 W50 = 4.70 hrs
6 26.25 W75 = 2.40 hrs
7 21.65 WR50 = 1.40 hrs
8 15.50 WR75 = 0.80 hrs
9 12.50 d = 1.00 cm
10 9.45
11 7.30 Axd
∑ Qi =
12 5.40 tr x 0.36
13 3.80
14 2.78 76.42 x 1
=
15 2.10 1.00 x 0.36
16 1.60 = 212.28 Cumecs
17 1.35
18 0.60
19 0.35
20 0.00
Total 212.28
Where
Qp = Peak discharge of unit hydrograph in cubic metres per second
qp = Peak discharge of unit hydrograph per unit area in cumecs per sq.km
Time from the centre of unit Rainfall duration to the peak of Unit
tp =
Hydrograph in hours
Tm = Time from the start of rise to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours
TB = Base Width of Unit Hydrograph in hours
W50 = Width of U.G. measured at 50% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours
W75 = Width of U.G. measured at 75% peak discharge ordinate (Qp) in hours
Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 50 % peak discharge ordinate
WR50 =
(Qp) in hours
Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 75 % peak discharge ordinate
WR75 =
(Qp) in hours
Sub Divisional Engineer Executive Engineer

Irrigation Sub. Division No.1 Thane Irrigation Division
Kalwa-Thane Kalwa-Thane
UNIT HYDROGRAPH
40.00
35.00
33.60
UNIT HYDROGRAPH
31.60
30.00 29.70
26.25
25.00
21.65
20.00
15.00 15.50
12.50
10.00
9.45
7.30
5.00 5.30 5.40

3.80
2.78
2.10
1.45 1.35
0.60 0.35
0.00 0.00 0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Subzones- 5 (a) & 5 (b) ANNEXURE- 4.2
POINT TO AREAL RAINFALL RATIOS (PERCENTAGES)
AREA AREA
DURATIONS (HOURS)
IN IN
SQ KM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 SQ KM
0 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 0
50 87.00 89.50 92.00 93.00 94.00 95.00 95.33 95.67 96.00 96.33 96.67 97.00 97.04 97.08 97.13 97.17 97.21 97.25 97.29 97.33 97.38 97.42 97.46 97.50 50
100 81.00 84.50 88.00 89.00 90.00 91.00 91.50 92.00 92.50 93.00 93.50 94.00 94.04 94.08 94.13 94.17 94.21 94.25 94.29 94.33 94.38 94.42 94.46 94.50 100
150 76.00 80.00 84.00 85.33 86.67 88.00 88.58 89.17 89.75 90.33 90.92 91.50 91.58 91.67 91.75 91.83 91.92 92.00 92.08 92.17 92.25 92.33 92.42 92.50 150
200 80.50 82.17 83.83 85.30 86.08 86.67 87.25 87.83 88.42 89.00 89.17 89.33 89.50 89.67 89.83 90.00 90.17 90.33 90.50 90.67 90.83 91.00 200
250 77.50 79.33 81.17 83.00 83.75 84.50 85.25 86.00 86.75 87.50 87.67 87.83 88.00 88.17 88.33 88.50 88.67 88.83 89.00 89.17 89.33 89.50 250
300 81.00 81.83 82.67 83.50 84.33 85.17 86.00 86.17 86.33 86.50 86.67 86.83 87.00 87.17 87.33 87.50 87.17 87.83 88.00 300
350 79.00 79.92 80.83 81.75 82.67 83.58 84.50 84.71 84.92 85.12 85.33 85.54 85.75 85.96 86.17 86.38 86.58 86.79 87.00 350
400 77.50 78.50 78.50 80.50 81.50 82.50 83.50 83.71 83.92 84.12 84.33 84.54 84.75 84.96 85.17 85.38 85.58 85.79 86.00 400
450 76.00 77.08 78.17 79.25 80.33 81.42 82.50 82.71 82.92 83.12 83.33 83.54 83.75 83.96 84.17 84.38 84.58 84.79 85.00 450
500 75.00 76.08 77.17 78.25 79.33 80.42 81.50 81.71 81.92 82.12 82.33 82.54 82.75 82.96 83.17 83.38 83.58 83.79 84.00 500
600 80.00 80.21 80.42 80.62 80.83 81.04 81.25 81.46 81.67 81.88 82.08 82.29 82.50 600
700 77.50 77.83 78.17 78.50 78.83 79.17 79.50 79.83 80.17 80.50 80.83 81.17 81.50 700
800 77.00 77.29 77.58 77.88 78.17 78.46 78.75 79.04 79.33 79.63 79.92 80.21 80.50 800
900 76.00 76.29 76.58 76.88 77.17 77.46 77.75 78.04 78.33 78.63 78.92 79.21 79.50 900
1000 75.00 75.29 75.58 75.88 76.17 76.46 76.75 77.04 77.33 77.63 77.92 78.21 78.50 1000
1100 74.00 74.33 74.67 75.00 75.33 75.67 76.00 76.33 76.67 77.00 77.33 77.67 78.00 1100
1200 73.00 73.38 73.75 74.13 74.50 74.88 75.25 75.63 76.00 76.38 76.75 77.13 77.50 1200
1300 77.30 1300
1400 77.00 1400
1500 76.50 1500
2000 75.00 2000
2500 75.00 2500
Note: Hourly rainfall distribution co-efficients are given in the vertical columns for various design storm duration from 2-24 hours.
Subzones- 5 (a) & 5 (b) ANNEXURE- 4.3
TIME DISTRIBUTION CO-EFFICIENTS OF AREAL RAINFALL
TIME DISTRIBUTION CO-EFFICIENTS FOR DESIGN STORM DURATION OF 2-24 HOURS TIME
HOURS 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 HOURS
24 1.00 24
23 1.00 0.98 23
22 1.00 0.98 0.96 22
21 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.94 21
20 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.92 20
19 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 19
18 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.87 18
17 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.86 0.84 17
16 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.92 0.90 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.82 16
15 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.79 15
14 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.86 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.78 0.76 14
13 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.90 0.88 0.83 0.81 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.74 13
12 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.80 0.78 0.76 0.74 0.72 0.70 12
11 1.00 0.98 0.94 0.91 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.82 0.77 0.74 0.72 0.70 0.69 0.68 11
10 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.90 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.78 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.64 10
9 1.00 0.97 0.94 0.91 0.86 0.84 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.75 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.60 9
8 1.00 0.97 0.94 0.90 0.87 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.75 0.73 0.70 0.64 0.63 0.60 0.58 0.57 0.55 8
7 1.00 0.96 0.92 0.89 0.85 0.82 0.77 0.75 0.73 0.70 0.68 0.65 0.60 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.53 0.51 7
6 1.00 0.96 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.80 0.77 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.63 0.60 0.54 0.53 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.46 6
5 1.00 0.96 0.89 0.85 0.80 0.77 0.73 0.70 0.65 0.62 0.60 0.57 0.55 0.53 0.48 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.40 5
4 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.82 0.77 0.72 0.69 0.65 0.62 0.57 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.48 0.45 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.35 0.34 4
3 1.00 0.94 0.87 0.81 0.71 0.66 0.62 0.59 0.55 0.51 0.47 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.32 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 3
2 1.00 0.91 0.81 0.73 0.66 0.56 0.53 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.39 0.36 0.33 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.24 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.19 2
1 0.82 0.68 0.57 0.50 0.45 0.36 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.10 1
Note: Hourly rainfall distribution co-efficients are given in the vertical columns for various design storm duration from 2-24
hours.
25YEARSRETURNPERIODFLOODISOPLUVIALMAP
ODFLOODI
25YEARSRETURNPERI ALMAP
SOPLUVI
100YEARSRETURNPERI
ODFLOODI
SOPLUVI
ALMAP
N
THANE DISTRICT WALDHONI RIVER INDEX MAP
W E
S
SCALE 1:1,50,000
S
L HA R
U VE
RI
LEGEND
UL S.NO. DESCRIPTION SIGN. S.NO. DESCRIPTION SIGN.
(L= HAS 1 RIVER 10 ULHAS RIVER BASIN
34 RIV
.40 E 2 SUB RIVER 11 WALDHONI RIVER BASIN
Km R
) 3 TRIBUTORY / NALLA 12 BHATSA RIVER BASIN
KRISHNA RIVER
4 BASIN BOUNDARY 13 KALU RIVER BASIN
5 DAM / M.I.TANK 14 SHAI RIVER BASIN

REACH-3 6 NATIONAL HIGHWAY 15 BARVI RIVER BASIN
CH=17.50 Km
CA=76.42 Sq Km 7 STATE HIGHWAY 16 MURBADI RIVER BASIN
REACH-2
8 TALUKA ROAD 17 SHILLAR RIVER BASIN
CH=14.00 Km
REACH-2
CA=47.58 Sq Km 9 RAILWAY TRACK 18 POSHIR RIVER BASIN
CH=6.00 Km
CA=17.61 Sq Km
GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA
WAL17.50 K
KOKAN IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,THANE
(L=
DHO m)
NI R
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, THANE IRRIGATION DIVISION, KALWA -THANE
REACH-1
IV
CH=0.00 Km
ER
MARKING BLUE LINE, YELLOW LINE, & RED LINE UNDER WALDHONI
CA=3.50 Sq Km RIVER, TAL-AMBARNATH, DIST-THANE.
TITLE :- INDEX MAP SHOWING CATCHMENT AREA OF WALDHONI

RIVER & IT'S TRIBUTARY
CHECKED BY

Irrigation Sub Division No-1, Thane Irrigation Circle,
REACH-1 Kalwa -Thane Thane
CH=0.00 Km PREPARED BY :-
CA=2.12 Sq Km
A.D. ENGINEERS, 20 Oaks, Executive Engineer Chief Engineer (W.R.D.)

Flat No.-8, Mayur Colony, Thane Irrigation Division, Water Resources Department,
Kothrud, Pune-411 038 Kalwa -Thane Konkan Region, Mumbai
DATE :- DWG. NO :-
PLATE NO. :- 2/2
N
GEOHEC-HMS WALDHONI RIVER BASIN MODEL W E
R
RIVE
SCALE 1:1,50,000
UL HAS
MOHILI BANDHARA
ULH
AS R
IVE
R
WALD
WALDHONI RIVER SUB BASIN

HO
NI RIV
ER
GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA
KOKAN IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION THANE

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER THANE IRRIGATION DIVISION, KALWA
THANE
MARKING BLUE LINE, YELLOW LINE, & RED LINE UNDER ULHAS
RIVER, REMAINING LENGTH FROM MOHANE BANDHARA TO THANE
CREEK TAL-AMBARNATH, DIST-THANE.
TITLE :- GEOHEC-HMS WALDHONI RIVER BASIN MODEL
CHECKED BY
LEGEND Sub Divisional Engineer

Irrigation Sub Division, No-1, Superintending Engineer
S.NO. DESCRIPTION SIGN. S.NO. Kalwa-Thane Thane Irrigation Circle,
Thane
1 RIVER 4 PREPARED BY :-
2 SUB RIVER 5
A.D. ENGINEERS, 20 Oaks, Executive Engineer Chief Engineer (W.R.D.)
3 BANDHARA 6 Flat No.-8, Mayur Colony, Thane Irrigation Division, Water Resources Department,
Kothrud, Pune-411 038 Kalwa-Thane Konkan Region, Mumbai
4 WALDHONI RIVER 7 DATE :- DWG. NO :-
BASIN

Waldhoni Flood Computation Report (20062024)

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Waldhoni Flood Computation Report (20062024)

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KONKAN IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, THANE.

(A GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA UNDERTAKING)

REPORT FOR FLOOD DISCHARGE COMPUTATION

Submitted by : Submitted to:

Sr. Page No.

MARKING BLUE LINE, YELLOW LINE AND RED LINE UNDER

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 1

Figure 1: Map showing stretch of Waldhoni River

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 2

Photo 1: Waldhoni River

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 3

Photo 2: Waldhoni River

Sr. No River/ Nalla Name Length (Km)

1 Waldhoni River Length 17.50 Km

2 Shiv Nalla 6.00 Km

Total Length (Km) 23.50 Km

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 4

Figure 2: Project Location Plan

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 5

1) Cleaning cutting thorny shrubs, bushes and grass.

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 6

• Data Collection and marking of catchment area

• Flood Discharge Computation

• Delineation of watershed area using GEOHEC-HMS

• Preparation of data for GEOHEC-RAS

• Simulation of River Model and GEOHEC-RAS output

• Generation of Contour Maps and Village Maps

• Marking of Red, Blue and Yellow Lines on Maps

4.1 Reconnaissance of the Area

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 7

4.2 Data Collection

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 8

Photo 3: Survey Work of the Project Area

4.3 Study of Satellite

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 9

4.4 Field Survey

4.5 Topographical Survey

For conducting topographical survey following methodology was followed:

(B) Elevation Data: -

 Createdcontour lines to represent changes in elevation. Contour lines connect points

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 10

(D) Spot Elevation: -

(E) Data Accuracy and Precision: -

 Ensured high accuracy in measurements to provide reliable and precise topographical

 Utilized advanced surveying equipment and techniques to minimize the errors.

(F) Data Processing: -

(G) Topographical Map:-

4.6 Survey Methodology

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 11

 Instrument Setup-The surveyor sets up the surveying instrument at a known point

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 12

4.8 Preparation of Base Maps

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 13

5. COMPUTATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGE

5.1 Synthetic Unit Hydrograph

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 14

6. SIMULATION USING GEOHEC-HMS AND GEOHEC-RAS SOFTWARE

The US Army Corps of engineers has developed GEOHEC-HMS (Hydrological

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 15

hydrologists.Analysing digital terrain data, GEOHEC-HMS transforms the drainage paths

Photo 4: Waldhoni River Sub Basin

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 16

Photo 5: Waldhoni River Basin

A.D. Engineer, PunePage No. 17