International a Level Business Schemes of Work v1

INTERNATIONAL
A-LEVEL
BUSINESS
(9625)
Schemes of work
For teaching from September 2018 onwards
For International A-level exams in June 2020 onwards
Copyright © 2017 Oxford International AQA Examinations and its licensors. All rights reserved.
SCHEMES OF WORK – INTERNATIONAL A-LEVEL BUSINESS
This scheme of work suggests possible teaching and learning activities for each section of the
specification. There are far more activities suggested than it would be possible to teach. It is intended
that teachers should select activities appropriate to their students and the curriculum time available. The
first two columns summarise the specification references, whilst the learning outcomes indicate what
most students should be able to achieve after the work is completed. The resources column indicates
resources commonly available to schools, and other references that may be helpful. The timings are only
suggested, as are the possible teaching and learning activities, which include references to experimental
work. Resources are only given in brief and risk assessments should be carried out.
Introduction
These outline schemes of work are intended to help teachers plan and implement the teaching of the
Oxford AQA International AS/A-level Business specification. The purpose of these outline schemes is to
provide advice and guidance to teachers, not to prescribe and restrict their approach to the specification.
Each scheme has been produced by a practicing A-level Business teacher. There are obviously many
other ways of organising the work, and there is absolutely no requirement to use these schemes.
Assumed coverage
This scheme assumes that the A2 content is second year of a two year A-level course, with
approximately 135 taught hours per year (four and a half hours of lessons per week). Work would also
need to be completed outside of lessons, although this would ultimately depend on the amount of
contact time available and the extent to which assessment activities take place within lesson time.
One/two teacher model

This scheme is set out as a potential model for one teacher, with a linear approach to the subject content
(sections 3.3.1 to 3.3.10).
With two teachers, the model could be broken down as follows:
• Teacher 1: 3.3.1/3.3.2/3.3.7/3.3.9
• Teacher 2: 3.3.3/3.3.4/3.3.5/3.3.6/3.3.8/3.3.10
The allocation of functional areas could be changed according to teacher preference.
National focus
When studying the subject content, students may focus on businesses and the business environment in
their own country but should be aware that there may be differences between countries and those
changes in the business environment on one country can affect businesses in another.
Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

reference specification timing
What most students
content (lessons)
should be able to do
Unit 3: Business strategy and business decision-making
3.3.1 Mission, objectives and strategy
Total teaching time: 12 hours
The links between 5 hours To understand the nature Objectives include shareholder Tutor2U – presentation – mission,
mission, of and the links between value and shareholder returns, aims, objectives and stakeholders:
objectives, mission, objectives, growth, social and tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
strategy and the strategy and the environmental objectives. usiness-objectives-introduction
business functional areas.
functions. Impact of different objectives Tutor2U – lesson plan – aims and
on functional areas. objectives for A2 – suggested
lessons:
Causes of short termism and tutor2u.net/business/blog/aims-
its possible impact versus long and-objectives-for-a2-suggested-
termism. lesson
Tutor2U – presentation – mission
statements:
slideshare.net/tutor2u/mission-
statements?qid=cd5256bc-7ab3-
4b0c-89e1-
0b293922c9c2&v=qf1&b=&from_
search=1
Educational Portal clip – company
mission statement: definition and
examples:
study.com/academy/lesson/comp
any-mission-statements-
definition-examples.html
YouTube clip: ‘don’t write a mission
statement, write a mantra’:
youtube.com/watch?v=jT7xlFTinI
Copyright © 2017 Oxford International AQA Examinations and its licensors. All rights reserved. 4

What most students
content (lessons)
w&feature=related
Tutor2U – presentation –
introduction to strategy:
tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
ns/strategy/introductiontostrateg
y/default.html
Tutor2U – presentation – corporate
and functional objectives:
slideshare.net/tutor2u/introductio
n-to-business-objectives-in-
strategy
Educational portal clip – types of
planning:
study.com/academy/lesson/types
-of-planning-strategic-tactical-
operational-contingency-
planning.html
Educational portal clip – planning
as a function of management:
study.com/academy/lesson/plann
ing-as-a-function-of-
management.html
YouTube clip: ‘what is good
corporate strategy?’:
youtube.com/watch?v=43kZDnyD
XOc
Business Review magazine –
volume 19 – number 4 The whys
and hows of corporate strategy.

What most students
content (lessons)
volume 18 – number 2 Great British
companies – Rolls-Royce.
volume 17 – number 4 Profit as a
business objective.
volume 17 – number 1 Pursuing
growth.
Tutor2U – video – business
strategy – short-termism:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
usiness-strategy-short-termism-
video
Tutor2U – study notes – short-
termism:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/s
hort-termism
Tutor2U – long-term strategy and
The Mittelstand – Sennheiser:
tutor2u.net/business/blog/long-
term-strategy-the-mittelstand-
sennheiser
Use and value of 2 hours To understand the use Features of strategic decisions Tutor2U – presentation – SWOT
SWOT analysis. and value of SWOT (versus tactical). A strategic analysis:
analysis. decision could relate to a new slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
business eg a decision to start planning-for-change-swot-
up or an established business, analysis
eg a decision to take over
Educational portal clip – What is

What most students
content (lessons)
another firm or retrench. SWOT analysis: situation analysis
in marketing:
Use of SWOT to influence study.com/academy/lesson/what-
strategy. is-swot-situation-analysis-in-
marketing.html
Educational portal clip – what is
SWOT analysis:
study.com/academy/lesson/what-
is-a-swot-analysis.html
The need to 5 hours To understand the role of Stakeholder mapping: Tutor2U – revision presentation –
consider stakeholders needs when stakeholder power and interest. mission, aims, objectives and
stakeholder needs making decisions. stakeholders:
when making Managing the relationship with tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
decisions. To understand the different stakeholders. usiness-objectives-introduction
possible overlap and
conflict of these needs. Stakeholder objectives and the Tutor2U – presentation –
possible overlap and conflict of stakeholders:
To understand influences these objectives. tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
on the management of ns/strategy/changemanagement/
the relationship with default.html
different stakeholders.
Tutor2U – stakeholders in business
– lesson worksheet:
tutor2u.net/business/worksheets/
Stakeholders.pdf
Tutor2U – stakeholder conflict in
the battle over Royal Mail – article:
tutor2u.net/business/blog/stakeh
older-conflict-in-the-battle-over-
royal-mail
Tutor2U – do businesses have a
responsibility beyond profit? –

What most students
content (lessons)
debate:
tutor2u.net/business/blog/do-
businesses-have-a-
responsibility-beyond-profit
3.3.2 Analysing the existing internal position of a business
Assessing the 10 hours To understand how to Financial ratio analysis to YouTube clip – what is a balance
financial assess the financial include: sheet?:
performance of a performance of a youtube.com/watch?v=ixCPM5Hz
business using business using • profitability (profit margins nRU&feature=player_embedded
statements of statements of financial and return on capital
financial position, position, income employed) Tutor2U – presentation – balance
income statements and financial sheet basics:
• liquidity (current ratio) tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
statements and ratios.
financial ratios. • gearing and efficiency ratios alance-sheet-revision-
To understand the value (payables days, receivables presentation
of financial ratios when days and inventory turnover) Bee business bee YouTube clip,
assessing performance.
• shareholder ratios (dividend income statements:
per share, dividend yield, youtube.com/watch?v=u54Rvg9d
price earnings ratio) ewI
• window dressing Tutor2U – presentation – income

statement basics:
• value of ratio analysis. slideshare.net/tutor2u/income-
statement-basics?qid=1710b357-
Data may be analysed over 3cb8-44f7-874f-
time or in comparison with 49c8d611deca&v=default&b=&fro
other businesses. m_search=3
Value of profit centres. Tutor2U – presentation – liquidity
ratios:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/li

What most students
content (lessons)
quidity-ratios-revision-
presentation
profitability ratios:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/pr
ofitability-ratios-revision-
presentation
Tutor2U – presentation – financial
efficiency ratios:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/fi
nancial-efficiency-ratios-revision-
presentation
shareholder ratios:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/s
hareholder-ratios-revision-
presentation
Tutor2U – presentation – balanced
scorecard:
ns/strategy/balancedscorecard/d
efault.html
MindTools – the triple bottom line:
mindtools.com/pages/article/new
STR_79.htm
volume 17 – number 3 Manchester
United’s gearing crisis.

What most students
content (lessons)
volume 17 – number 1 Mulberry –
balance sheets and Alexa Chung.
How to analyse 6 hours To understand how to Data other than financial Tutor2U – presentation –
data other than analyse data other than statements should include measuring workforce effectiveness:
financial data to financial statements to operations, human resource slideshare.net/tutor2u/hrm-
assess the assess the strengths and and marketing data. workforce-effectiveness
strengths and weaknesses of a
weaknesses of a business in terms of both Methods of assessing business Tutor2U – presentation – short run
business, assessing short and long- performance include Triple and long run:
term performance. bottom line and Kaplan and tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
Norton’s balanced scorecard ns/strategy/shortrunlongrun/defa
To understand the value model. ult.html
of different measures of
assessing business Data may be analysed over YouTube clip – triple bottom line:
performance. time or in comparison with the science of good business:
other businesses. youtube.com/watch?v=2f5m-
jBf81Q
Data should be assessed in Tutor2U – the balanced scorecard
context of the business eg explained:
start-up versus growing
tutor2u.net/business/blog/the-
business.
balanced-scorecard-explained
3.3.3 Analysing the industry environment
Analysis of 5 hours To understand Porter’s An understanding of Porter’s Tutor2U – revision presentation –
industry five forces, and how and five forces to include: Porter’s five forces:
environment. why these might change, tutor2u.net/business/reference/p
and the implications of • entry threat (barriers to orters-five-forces-model
these forces for strategic entry)
and functional decision Tutor2U – presentation – five forces
• buyer power analysis:
making and profits.
• supplier power tutor2u.net/business/presentatio

What most students
content (lessons)
• rivalry ns/strategy/fiveforces/default.ht
ml
• substitute threat.
MindTools video – Porter’s five
Students should be able to forces:
analyse and assess how and youtube.com/watch?v=KlNlYeS0
why these forces might differ JTI
between industries, how and
why these forces might change Bee business bee porters five
or be changed and the forces explained:
implications of these forces for youtube.com/watch?v=3AD-
decision making and profits. M5GqalM
volume 18 – number 2 British
Airways – Managing change in a
competitive market place.
competitive environment – five
forces:
slideshare.net/tutor2u/porters-
five-forces-model-analysing-
competiton
3.3.4 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: political and legal change
Students may focus on the external political and legal environment in their own country but should be aware that external environments can differ
between countries and that in a global economy changes in one country can affect businesses in another.
The impact of 5 hours To understand about the The political and legal Tutor2U – revision presentation –
changes in the impact of changes in the environment should include: business legislation:
political and legal political and legal tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
environment on environment on strategic • a broad understanding of usiness-legislation
strategy and and functional decision- the scope and effects of how

What most students
content (lessons)
functional areas. making. the law within a country can Business Review magazine –
affect competition, the volume 19 – number 1 Supply-side
labour market (including myths – from policy to evaluation.
employee rights) and
environmental issues Business Review magazine –
volume 18 – number 3 Regulation
• the impact of government is needed
policy related to supporting
businesses and industries Business Review magazine –
(eg grants and subsidies), volume 17 – number 3 Youth
the ease of doing business unemployment – problems and
and international trade policies.
policies and agreements Business Review magazine –
• the effect of political stability volume 18 – number 2 The free
or instability market is ethical.
• the effect of corruption Business Review magazine –

within an economy. volume 16 – number 4 Who wants
protection?
3.3.5 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: economic change
Students may focus on the external economic environment in their own country but should be aware that external environments can differ between
countries and that in a global economy changes in one country can affect businesses in another.
The impact of 12 hours To understand about the Economic factors to include: Educational portal clip –
changes in the impact of changes in the macroeconomic issues in business:
national and UK and the global • GDP within the domestic study.com/academy/lesson/macr
global economic economic environment on economy and other oeconomic-issues-in-
environment on strategic and functional economies business.html
strategy and the decision making. • taxation
functional areas. Tutor2U – presentation – business
• the exchange rate (including and interest rates:

What most students
content (lessons)
exchange rate volatility) slideshare.net/tutor2u/business-
and-interest-rates
• inflation/deflation
Tutor2U – presentation – business
• unemployment and inflation:
• interest rates slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
inflation
• the degree of free trade
versus protectionism Tutor2U – presentation – exchange
rates:
• investment in and quality of slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
infrastructure in the exchange-rates
economy
• prices of resources such as and unemployment :
oil slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
unemployment
• labour markets.
The importance of To understand the The impact of global social,
cycle and economic growth:
globalisation for importance of labour, economic, technological
slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
business. globalisation for and trade trends for business.
business-cycle-economic-growth
business.
BBC news – What is GDP?:
bbc.co.uk/news/business-
13200758
Tutor2U clip – video case study –
EU legislation impact on business:
tutor2u.net/business/blog/video-
case-study-eu-legislation-impact-
on-business
volume 19 – number 2 It’s the

What most students
content (lessons)
economy, stupid.
volume 17 – number 3 Youth
unemployment – problems and
policies.
volume 17 – number 3 Twitter – the
pulse of the planet?
Tutor2U – question and answer -
what are the main factors driving
globalisation?
tutor2u.net/business/blog/qa-
what-are-the-main-factors-
driving-globalisation
Tutor2U – Emerging economies:
https://www.tutor2u.net/economi
cs/topics/emerging-economies
3.3.6 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: social, technological and environmental change
Students may focus on the external social and technological environment in their own country but should be aware that external environments can differ
between countries and that in a global economy changes in one country can affect businesses in another.
The impact of 7 hours To understand about the Social changes to include Tutor2U – revision presentation –
social, impact of changes in the demographic changes and business and the technological
technological social and technological population movements such environment:
environmental environment on strategic as: tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
change on and functional decision usiness-the-technological-
strategy and the making. • the age structure of the environment
functional areas. population
To understand the Tutor2U – revision presentation –

What most students
content (lessons)
pressures for socially • urbanisation social environment and business:
responsible behaviour. tutor2u.net/business/reference/s
• migration. ocial-environment-business
The social environment to Tutor2U – presentation – corporate
include: social responsibility:
• the size and composition of slideshare.net/tutor2u/buss4-
the workforce corporate-social-responsibility
• the education and training of YouTube clip – what is corporate

the workforce social responsibility?
youtube.com/watch?v=E0NkGtN
• cultural issues. U_9w
The social environment to SlideShare – introduction to CSR
include corporate social (includes Carroll’s pyramid theory):
responsibility (CSR) and: slideshare.net/viren3616/introduc
tion-to-csr
• the reasons for and against
CSR Business Review magazine –
volume 17 – number 3 Twitter – the
• the pressures for socially pulse of the planet?
responsible behaviour
• the difference between the volume 18 – number 2 Will
stakeholder versus Facebook fail?
shareholder concept.
Technological change should volume 18 – number 1 Pay walls –
include: the saviour for newspapers?
• the impact of digital
technology
• the impact of technological
change on functional areas

What most students
content (lessons)
and strategy
• the growth of online
business.
Environmental changes to
include pollution and climate
change.
3.3.7 Analysing strategic options: investment appraisal
Financial methods 7 hours To understand financial Investment appraisal should Tutor2U – presentation –
of assessing an methods of assessing an include the calculation and investment appraisal:
investment. investment. interpretation of payback, tutor2u.net/business/reference/in
average rate of return and net troduction-to-investment-
present value. appraisal-revision-presentation
The value of sensitivity Tutor2U - revision quiz - investment
analysis. appraisal:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/in
Factors To understand the factors Factors to include investment
vestment-appraisal-revision-quiz
influencing influencing investment criteria, non-financial factors,
investment decisions. risk, uncertainty, the business Tutor2U - presentation - investment
decisions. environment and business appraisal - non discounting
To understand the value confidence.
(payback and ARR):
of sensitivity analysis.
ns/accounts/investappraisalnond
iscounting/default.html
investment appraisal – discounting
method (NPV):
ns/accounts/investappraisaldisc

What most students
content (lessons)
ounting/default.html
Tutor2U – study notes – investment
appraisal – sensitivity analysis:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/in
vestment-appraisal-sensitivity-
analysis
3.3.8 Choosing strategic direction
3.3.8.1 Strategic Factors 7 hours To understand factors The Ansoff matrix and value of: Tutor2U – presentation – the
direction: influencing which influencing which markets marketing environment:
choosing which markets to to compete in and which • market penetration tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
markets to compete in and products to offer. • market development ns/marketing/marketingenvironm
compete in and which products to ent/default.html
what products offer. • new product development
to offer Business Review magazine –
• diversification. volume 20 – number 3 Whole
Foods market.
The reasons for choosing and
the value of different options for Tutor2U – presentation – Ansoff’s
strategic direction. matrix:
Reasons for and challenges of ns/strategy/ansoff/default.html
changing strategy.
Tutor2U – revision presentation –
Ansoff’s matrix:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/a
nsoffs-matrix-revision-
presentation
Bee business bee video on
YouTube:
youtube.com/watch?v=fIr_P0mA

What most students
content (lessons)
Q7M
Tutor2U – Presentation –
Marketing strategy
Tutor2U – Samsung: Boston
Matrix, culture and dividend yield
Educational Portal – Competitive
Advantage: the importance of
strategic marketing
Educational Portal – How to
identify strategic alternatives in
marketing
Tutor2U – Presentation – Short
run and long run
Volume 19 – Number 2 ‘IKEA’
Volume 19 – Number 1 ‘Hell pizza’
(the Ansoff’s matrix applied to a
small pizza company)
Volume 18 – Number 3 ‘One in ten
– Launching new brands’
Volume 18 – Number 3 ‘The hotel
industry – Porter’s generic
strategies’

What most students
content (lessons)
Volume 18 – Number 3 ‘Whitbread
– Successful diversification’
Volume 17 – Number 3
‘Diversification’
Volume 17 – Number 4 ‘Porter’s
generic strategies’
3.3.8.2 Strategic How to compete in To understand how to Bowman’s strategic clock. MindTools – Bowman’s strategy
positioning: terms of benefits 5 hours compete in terms of clock explained:
choosing how and price. benefits and price. mindtools.com/pages/article/new
to compete STR_93.htm
The value of To understand about Influences on the choice of a
YouTube video – Scholes 08 the
different strategic influences on the choice strategic positioning strategy.
strategic clock:
positioning of a positioning strategy
youtube.com/watch?v=qJjbBH-
strategies. and about the value of
gvbo
different positioning
strategies. Tutor2U – presentation – generic
Competitive To understand the The benefits of having a strategies:
advantage. benefits of having and competitive advantage. tutor2u.net/business/reference/p
difficulties of maintaining orters-generic-strategies-video
a competitive advantage. The difficulties of maintaining a
competitive advantage. Educational Portal clip – types of
competitive advantage: cost,
product, niche and sustainable
advantages:
-of-competitive-advantage-cost-
product-niche-sustainable-
advantages.html
Marketing teacher – Bowman’s

What most students
content (lessons)
strategic clock lesson and activity:
marketingteacher.com/bowmans-
strategy-clock/
Tutor2U – study notes –
competitive advantage:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/c
ompetitive-advantage
Tutor2U – competitive advantage:
tutor2u.net/business/topics/com
petitive-advantage
3.3.9 Strategic methods: how to pursue strategies
3.3.9.1 The reasons why 10 hours To understand the Types of growth: organic and Tutor2U – presentation – business
Assessing a businesses grow reasons why businesses external. growth (covers internal and
change in scale or retrench. grow or retrench and to external, mergers, acquisitions,
understand the difference The advantages and etc):
between organic and disadvantages of organic and tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
external growth. external growth. ns/strategy/businessgrowth/defa
ult.html
Assessing To assess methods and Methods of growth: mergers,
methods and types of growth. takeovers and joint ventures. Tutor2U – presentation – the
types of growth. motives for takeovers and tergers
Types of growth: vertical
and how these link with corporate
(backward and forward),
strategy:
horizontal and conglomerate
tutor2u.net/business/reference/m
integration.
otives-for-takeovers-and-mergers
How to manage To understand about how Issues with growth:
and overcome the to manage and overcome Tutor2U – presentation –
problems of the problems of growth or • economies of scale acquisitions:
growth or retrenchment. (technical, purchasing, tutor2u.net/business/reference/in
marketing and managerial) troduction-to-acquisitons

What most students
content (lessons)
retrenchment. • diseconomies of scale Educational portal clip – corporate
expansion: mergers and
• the experience curve acquisitions:
• synergy study.com/academy/lesson/corp
orate-expansion-mergers-and-
• overtrading. acquistions.html
Issues with managing growth Educational portal clip – franchise:
should include Greiner’s model opportunities and challenges:
of growth. study.com/academy/lesson/franc
hises-opportunities-and-
The impact of growth or challenges.html
retrenchment on the functional
areas of the business. BBC learning zone clip – exploring
the franchise business model:
bbc.co.uk/education/clips/zx7987
h
Tutor2U - presentation – improving
cash flow (slides 11 and 12 cover
overtrading):
slideshare.net/tutor2u/improving-
cash-flow
retrenchment:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/re
trenchment
MindTools the Greiner curve:
mindtools.com/pages/article/new
LDR_87.htm
YouTube – business skills tutorial:
how growth drives change –
excellent clip explaining clearly the

What most students
content (lessons)
Greiner curve:
youtube.com/watch?v=Rth18GeB
aa0
Tutor2U – study notes – growth for
firms:
tutor2u.net/economics/reference/
why-do-businesses-grow
volume 19 – number 2 The urge to
demerge.
volume 20 – number 2
Conglomerates and emerging
markets
Tutor2U – study notes – Greiner's
growth model:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/gr
einers-growth-model
Tutor2U – quiz – Greiner's growth
model:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/gr
einers-growth-model-revision-
quiz
3.3.9.2 The value and 5 hours To understand the value Pressures for innovation. YouTube clip – business model
Innovation impact of of and the pressures for innovation – excellent clip:
innovation. innovation. Product and process youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQ
innovation. W0UMI
Disruptive innovation. Tutor2U – revision presentation –
Impact of innovation on the innovation:

What most students
content (lessons)
functional areas of the tutor2u.net/business/reference/in
business. novation-revision-presentation
The value of intellectual BBC News – patent wars: Stripping
property. the iPhone bare:
bbc.co.uk/news/av/technology-
Ways of becoming To understand about Ways of becoming innovative 17040699/patent-wars-stripping-
an innovative ways of becoming an include: the-iphone-bare
organisation. innovative organisation
and ways to protect • Kaizen Tutor2U – revision presentation –
protecting a business idea:
innovation and • research and development tutor2u.net/business/reference/pr
intellectual property.
otecting-a-start-ups-business-
• intrapreneurship
idea
• benchmarking
YouTube clip – Kate Keene and the
• developing the right culture continuous improvement – excellent
and organisational structure. clip on Kaizen:
youtube.com/watch?v=KHxi4T_D
Barriers to innovation. boU
volume 15 – number 3 Innovation –
the heart of business success.
Tutor2U – article – intellectual
property rights: China copycats:
tutor2u.net/business/blog/intellec
tual-property-rights-china-
copycats
Tutor2U – intellectual property:
tutor2u.net/business/topics/intell
ectual-property

What most students
content (lessons)
3.3.9.3 Reasons for and 10 hours To understand reasons Reasons to be a multinational Tutor2U – presentation – global
impact of for targeting, operating in business. strategy:
Internationalisa operating and and trading with tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
tion trading international markets. Impact of multinationals on ns/strategy/global/default.html
internationally. domestic business.
Factors To understand factors The significance of emerging international marketing:
influencing the influencing the economies. tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
attractiveness of attractiveness of ns/marketing/internationalmarket
selling to, international markets. The significance for
ing/default.html
operating in or international business of
trading differences between countries Educational portal clip –
internationally. in terms of the political, international business expansion
economic, social, technological methods:
and competitive environments. study.com/academy/lesson/inter
national-business-expansion-
Factors influencing business
methods.html
investment in a country
overseas (foreign direct Educational portal – managing in
investment). international companies:
study.com/academy/lesson/mana
Factors influencing business
ging-in-international-
location and relocation globally
companies.html
including government actions.
Educational portal clip –
Difficulties investing and
internationalisation and
locating in some countries.
globalisation of businesses:
Factors influencing decisions study.com/academy/lesson/inter
whether to produce overseas nationalization-globalization-of-
include off-shoring and re- businesses.html
shoring.
YouTube clip – strategy and
structure of MNC (includes Bartlett
and Ghoshal’s international

What most students
content (lessons)
strategies):
powershow.com/view/14c7ca-
Y2Q5O/STRATEGY_AND_STRUC
TURE_OF_MNC_powerpoint_ppt
_presentation
YouTube clip – Theo’s adventure
capitalists – Brazil 1 of 4 – BBC
documentary:
youtube.com/watch?v=a8iHhYlJ6
Xw
Entire series is available on
YouTube, it covers doing business
in Brazil, India and Vietnam.
volume 20 – number 3 Topshop
and Zara in China: why strategy
matters.
Factors To understand influences Factors influencing volume 19 – number 4 Doing
influencing the on buying, selling and international competitiveness. business in emerging markets.
ability of producing abroad.
businesses to Impact of protectionism Business Review magazine –
trade including tariffs and quotas. volume 19 – number 2 Africa – less
internationally. guilt, more action.
Impact of trading agreements
such as. ASEAN, EU and Business Review magazine –
NAFTA. volume 18 – number 2 Postcard

What most students
content (lessons)
Ways of entering To understand about Methods of entering from Dubai.
international ways of entering international markets include
markets and value international markets and Business Review magazine –
of different value of different • export volume 16 – number 3
methods. methods. Globalisation – a new world order?
• licensing/franchising
Tutor2U – study notes – Bartlett
• joint ventures and Ghoshal model of international
• foreign direct investment strategy:
(FDI). tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
artlett-ghoshal-model-
Managing To understand about Pressures on international international-strategy
international managing international business:
business. business including
pressures for local • to respond to local
responsiveness and conditions versus
pressures for cost standardise
reduction. • to make functional decisions
centrally versus
decentralising.
3.3.10 Managing strategic change
3.3.10.1 The role and value 4 hours To understand what Leaders and strategic decision Tutor2U – study notes – leadership
Understanding of leaders within a managers do. making. styles:
leadership and business. tutor2u.net/business/reference/le
strategic Factors influencing the power, adership-styles
decision- style and success of leaders.
making YouTube – management in
organisations: top, middle and low
Types of To be aware of types of The effectiveness of different level managers:
leadership styles management and styles of leadership. youtube.com/watch?v=iB334D7-
and influences on leadership styles and jOY&list=PLSJnyH6TwvIRSdMttT
these. influences on these. Tannenbaum Schmidt
e9Dll4iXXiEVbtK
continuum.

What most students
content (lessons)
To understand the Education portal – management
effectiveness of different versus leadership: the difference
styles of leadership and between a manager and leader:
management. study.com/academy/lesson/mana
gement-vs-leadership-the-
difference-between-a-manager-
leader.html
MindTools YouTube – what is
leadership? Learn what makes a
good leader:
youtube.com/watch?v=XixkUiRy1
Fg
Education portal – the black Mouton
managerial grid: five leadership
styles:
study.com/academy/lesson/the-
blake-mouton-managerial-grid-
five-leadership-styles.html
Education portal – leadership
orientation: task-orientated and
people-orientated:
study.com/academy/lesson/leade
rship-orientation-task-oriented-
people-oriented.html
leadership: models and styles
(includes the Tannenbaum Schmidt
continuum):
slideshare.net/tutor2u/business-
leadership-12281544

What most students
content (lessons)
Businessballs – Tannenbaum and
Schmidt continuum:
businessballs.com/tannenbaum.
htm
Educational portal clip – setting
business department goals:
study.com/academy/lesson/settin
g-business-department-
goals.html
Educational portal clip – controlling
as a function of management:
study.com/academy/lesson/contr
olling-as-a-function-of-
management.html
Educational portal clip – reviewing
goal achievement:
study.com/academy/lesson/revie
wing-goal-achievement.html
3.3.10.2 Causes of, 11 hours To understand causes of Types of change include: YouTube clip – what is change
Managing pressures for and pressures for change. management?:
change value of change. • internal youtube.com/watch?v=__IlYNMd
• external V9E&feature=kp
• incremental change Tutor2U – presentation – change

management:
• disruptive change. slideshare.net/tutor2u/change-
management-12289603
The value of a To understand the value Flexible organisations include:
Educational portal clip – how
flexible of change and the value
organisation. of a flexible organisation. • restructuring internal and external factors drive
organisational change:
• delayering study.com/academy/lesson/how-

What most students
content (lessons)
• flexible employment internal-and-external-factors-
contracts drive-organizational-change.html
• organic structures versus BBC learning zone clip – crisis
mechanistic. management in business:
bbc.co.uk/education/clips/zw4mh
Managing change. To understand the issues Lewin’s force field analysis.
yc
around managing
change. Educational portal clip – the
Barriers to To understand barriers to Kotter and Schlesinger’s four planned change process:
change. change. reasons for resistance to study.com/academy/lesson/the-
change. planned-change-process.html
How to overcome To understand how to Kotter and Schlesinger’s six Educational portal clip – Lewins’ 3
barriers to overcome barriers to ways of overcoming resistance. stage model of change:
change. change. study.com/academy/lesson/lewin
s-3-stage-model-of-change-
Preparing for To understand the ways Ways of preparing for change unfreezing-changing-
change. in which a business can including forecasting, strategic refreezing.html
prepare for change and planning, developing a flexible
Educational portal clip – Kurt
be adaptable. organisation, scenario planning
Lewins’ force field analysis change
and contingency planning.
model:
Ways of ensuring the business study.com/academy/lesson/kurt-
can adapt to change. lewins-force-field-analysis-
change-model.html
Education portal clip – Kotter’s eight
step change model of management:
study.com/academy/lesson/kotte
rs-8-step-change-model-of-
management.html
Educational portal clip – applying
Kotter’s eight step change model:
study.com/academy/lesson/apply

What most students
content (lessons)
ing-kotters-8-step-change-
model.html
Models of change management –
Lewin’s force field model:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/m
odels-of-change-management-
lewins-force-field-model
volume 20 – number 1 The return of
privatisation.
volume 18 – number 3 Crisis
management – the last resort.
volume 18 – number 2 British
Airways – managing change in a
competitive market place.
volume 18 – number 2 Leading
people through change.
volume 17 – number 4 Adapting in
the airline industry.
volume 16 – number 4 Resistance
to change.
volume 16 – number 3 Internal

What most students
content (lessons)
forces causing business change.
delayering:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/d
elayering-revision-presentation
Organisational downsizing –
definition, strategies and business
impacts:
study.com/academy/lesson/e-
business-enhanced-and-e-
business-enabled-
organizations.html
Undercover Boss (UK) – series 2 –
episode 5 – Viridor:
channel4.com/programmes/unde
rcover-boss/on-demand/48666-
005
CEO meets with temporary worker
and discusses the pros and cons of
using temporary contracts. Show
from 25:11 to 30:00, 37:57 to 38:13,
40:28 to 41:35. Duration 9:00.
volume 17 – number 3 Part-time
and flexible working – a new
approach.
volume 16 – number 4 Charles
Handy’s shamrock organisation.

What most students
content (lessons)
3.3.10.3 The importance of 5 hours To understand the Tutor2U – handout – corporate
Organisational organisational (or importance of culture – types of culture:
culture corporate) culture. organisational culture and tutor2u.net/business/reference/m
the influences on odels-of-organisational-culture-
organisational culture. handy
The influences on To understand the Students should understand Tutor2U – presentation – business
organisational influences on Hofstede’s features of national culture:
culture. organisational culture. cultures. slideshare.net/tutor2u/business-
strategy-and-culture
The reasons for To understand the
and problems of reasons for and problems Educational portal – Hofstede’s
changing of changing cultural dimensions theory:
organisational organisational culture. study.com/academy/lesson/hofst
culture. edes-cultural-dimensions-
theory.html
YouTube clip – Hofstede’s model
on cultural dimensions:
youtube.com/watch?v=lTY6LH9
WdZ4
volume 19 – number 4 Culture.
volume 19 – number 4 Charles
Handy.
3.3.10.4 Implementing 8 hours To understand how to The value of leadership, Tutor2U – presentation – strategic
Strategic strategy implement strategy communications and planning:
implementation effectively. effectively. organisational structure in tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
strategic implementation. ns/strategy/strategicplanning/def
ault.html
The value of planning.

What most students
content (lessons)
Matching To understand the Organisational structures to Tutor2U – presentation – corporate
organisational importance of include functional, product planning and strategy:
structure to organisational structure in based, regional and matrix tutor2u.net/business/reference/c
strategy. strategic implementation. structure. orporate-planning-strategy
The value of To understand the value Network analysis to include: Educational portal clip – the
network analysis of network analysis in strategic management process:
in strategic strategic implementation. • understanding and
study.com/academy/lesson/the-
implementation interpreting network
strategic-management-
diagrams
process.html
• construction and
Educational portal clip – strategy
amendment of network
and organisational structure:
diagrams
study.com/academy/lesson/strat
• calculating Earliest start egy-and-organizational-
times, Latest finish times structure.html
and Total float
Educational portal clip – setting
• identifying the critical path business department goals:
and Total float. study.com/academy/lesson/settin
g-business-department-
goals.html
Educational portal clip – types of
contemporary organisational
designs: matrix, teams and network
designs:
-of-contemporary-organizational-
designs-matrix-team-network-
designs.html
organisational size impacts on
structure and design of an

What most students
content (lessons)
organisation:
study.com/academy/lesson/orga
nizational-size-impacts-on-
structure-and-design-of-an-
organization.html
Tutor2 U – presentation – critical
path analysis:
slideshare.net/tutor2u/critical-
path-analysis-10762045
Tutor2U – Handout – critical path:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/cr
itical-path-analysis
Bee business bee YouTube clip
CPA: youtube.com/watch?v=-
EqWGSdQSvI
Difficulties of 6 hours To understand the The value of strategic planning. Educational portal clip – types of
strategic decision difficulties of strategic planning: strategic, tactical,
making and decision making and Why strategies fail. operational and contingency
implementing implementing strategy. Reasons for strategic drift. planning:
strategy. study.com/academy/lesson/types
To evaluate strategic -of-planning-strategic-tactical-
performance and to operational-contingency-
understand the value of planning.html
strategic planning.
Tutor2U – presentation – strategic
To understand why planning:
strategies might fail and tutor2u.net/business/presentatio
the reasons for strategic ns/strategy/strategicplanning/def
drift. ault.html
Tutor2U – handout – business
ownership and control:

What most students
content (lessons)
tutor2u.net/economics/blog/a2-
micro-ownership-and-control-in-
modern-businesses
volume 20 – number 3 What now
for Tesco?
volume 19 – number 4 Facebook’s
growing pains
volume 19 – number 3 Failure –
better than success?
Tutor2U – study notes – strategic
drift:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/st
rategic-drift
Tutor2U – strategic drift:
tutor2u.net/business/topics/strat
egic-drift
Tutor2U – video – business
strategy – strategic drift:
tutor2u.net/business/reference/b
usiness-strategy-strategic-drift
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INTERNATIONAL

One/two teacher model

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

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Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

• window dressing Tutor2U – presentation – income

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

• the effect of corruption Business Review magazine –

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

• the education and training of YouTube clip – what is corporate

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

• incremental change Tutor2U – presentation – change

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Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

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Specification Summary of the Suggested Learning outcomes Guidance Resource

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