Unit 2 Physics Holiday Homework

1. A dog runs 25 m North West then 30 m South.

a. What is the final displacement of the dog?

x : 25 cos 45=17.68 m
y :25 sin 45−30=−12.32 m

Δ x =√17.68 2+12.322=21.55 m
−1 17.68
θ=tan =55.13 °
12.32
∴ x=21.55 m S 55.13 ° W
b. If the motion takes the dog 11 seconds to complete what is its average speed and average velocity?

55
v= =5 m/s
11
21.55 m
v= =1.96 S 55.13 ° W
11 s

2. A car traveling at 36km/h South changes direction to travel at 45km/h East. Calculate the car’s change in
velocity.

45 m
v= =12.5 East
3.6 s
36 m
−u= =10 North
3.6 s

Δ v= √ 102 +12.52=16.0 m/ s

−1 12.5
θ=tan =051 ° T
10

3. Determine the acceleration of an eagle which takes 45 seconds to change its velocity from 5 m/s North to 8 m/s
South East.

x : 8 cos 45=5.66
y :−8 sin 45−5=10.66

Δ v= √ 5.662 +10.66 2=12.07

12.07 2
a= =0.27 m/s
45
 −1 5.66
θ=tan =27.97 °
10.66

∴ a=0.27 m/s 2 S 27.97 ° E

4. The graph below shows the movement of a rabbit running across a field. Displacements are measured relative to
the rabbit’s owner.
40
30
Displacement East (m)
20
10
0
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

-20
-30
Time (s)

a. At what time does the rabbit pass its owner?

t=30 , 80 , 120

b. How long does the rabbit spend at rest?

30 s
c. Determine the displacement of the rabbit after 60 seconds.

x=0−15=15 m West
d. What is the rabbit’s:
i. Average velocity

15
v= =0.125 m/s West
120
ii. Average speed

15+ 20+30+30
v= =0.79 m/ s
120
e. Determine the rabbit’s maximum speed.

3 m/s
f. What is the rabbit’s average velocity after 80 seconds?

−15
v av = =0.19 m/ s West
80
g. Sketch a velocity time graph for the scenario.

5. The graph below shows the motion of a horse running from Point A to Point B and then to Point C.
 30
25
20

Velocity North (m/s)

15
10
5
0
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
-10
-15
-20
Time (s)

a. How far apart are Points A and B?

1
A1= ( 35 × 20 )=350 m
2
b. How far apart are Points A and C?

1
A2= (15 × 30 )=225 m
2
∴ Δ x=350−225=125 m
c. For how long does the horse stop at Point B?

10 s

d. Determine the average speed of the horse as it travels from:

i. A to B

350
v= =10 m/s
35
ii. B to C

225
v= =15 m/s
15
e. What is the horse’s maximum acceleration?

30 2
a= =6 m/s
5
f. What is the horse’s average speed and velocity for the entire journey?

575
v= =9.58 m/s
60
125
v= =2.08 m/s South
60
g. Sketch a possible position time graph for the scenario.

6. A car is able to accelerate from rest to 100 km/h in 3.5 seconds.

a. What distance does the car travel during this time?
 1
x= ( u+ v ) t
2

x= ( )
1 100
2 3.6
× 3.5=48.61 m

b. Determine the acceleration of the car.

v−u
a=
t
27.78 2
a= =7.94 m/s
3.5

7. A car travelling at 60 km/h can decelerate at a rate of 2.5 m/s2 in an emergency.

a. What distance does the car travel while coming to rest?
2 2
v =u +2 ax

( )
2
60
x= ÷ 2 ( 2.5 )=55.56 m
3.6
b. How much less distance is required by a car travelling at 40 km/h?

( )
2
40
x= ÷ 2 ( 2.5 )=24.69 m
3.6
∴ 30.87 mless

8. An aeroplane taxiing at 5 m/s accelerates at 1.6 m/s2 to take off. During the acceleration the aeroplane travels
1800 m.
a. How long does it take for the plane to take off?

1 2
x=ut + a t
2
2
1800=5t +0.8 t
t=44.41 s
b. What speed does it take off at?
2 2
v =u +2 ax

v=√ 52+ 2(1.6)(1800)=76.06 m/s

9. Mitch throws a ball upwards at a speed of 8 m/s.

a. What is the maximum height the ball reaches?
2 2
v =u +2 ax
2
8
x= =3.2 m
20
b. If he catches the ball at the height he threw it from, how long does it take for the ball to return?

v=u+at
 −8−8
t= =1.6 s
−10

10. A policeman is travelling along the road at the speed limit. A speeding motorist drives past the policeman at
constant speed. The policeman accelerates until the speeding motorist is caught.

40
35
30
25
Velocity (m/s)

20
15
10
5
0
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
Time (s)

a. At what rate does the policeman accelerate?

2
a=0.08 m/s
b. After how long does the policeman catch the motorist?

x m=30 t

1 2
x p= ( 20+20+ 0.08 t ) t=20+0.04 t
2
x p=x m

∴ 30t=20t +0.04 t 2
t=250 s
c. How far do the two travel before intersecting?

x=30 ×250
x=7500 m