1.

Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this Biohazard Plan is to establish a comprehensive set of guidelines and
procedures for the safe handling, storage, and disposal of biological hazards. This is to ensure
the health and safety of all employees, contractors, and visitors who may be exposed to
biohazards while working at Almabani General Contractors.

1.2 Scope

This plan applies to all personnel involved in operations at Almabani General Contractors,
including but not limited to employees, subcontractors, vendors, and visitors. The plan covers all
areas where biohazards may be present, including construction sites, storage areas, and waste
disposal zones.

1.3 Objectives

 To identify potential sources of biohazards in the workplace.

 To establish protocols for the safe handling and storage of biohazardous materials.

 To outline procedures for the proper disposal of biohazardous waste.

 To provide training and resources for employees to manage biohazards effectively.

1.4 Definitions

 Biohazard: Any biological material, such as bacteria, viruses, or biological toxins, that
poses a risk to the health of living organisms.

 PPE (Personal Protective Equipment): Equipment worn to minimize exposure to

biohazards, including gloves, masks, and eye protection.

 MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet): A document that contains information on the
potential hazards of a material and how to work safely with it.

 Biological Safety Officer: The individual responsible for overseeing the implementation
and maintenance of the Biohazard Plan.

1.5 Regulatory Compliance

This plan is in compliance with local, state, and federal regulations concerning biohazard
management, including OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030) and the
EPA’s regulations on hazardous waste disposal.

1.6 Review and Updates

This Biohazard Plan will be reviewed annually or as needed to reflect changes in regulations,
procedures, or the identification of new biohazards. Updates will be communicated to all
relevant personnel.

1.7 Document Control

All revisions and updates to this plan will be documented and archived. The most current version
will be made available to all employees and contractors.

2. Objectives

2.1 Identification of Potential Biohazards

The first objective of this plan is to systematically identify potential biohazards that may be
present in the construction site. This includes, but is not limited to, exposure to bloodborne
pathogens, contaminated soil, and hazardous waste materials. Regular inspections and
assessments will be conducted to identify new risks.

2.1.1 Methods for Identification

 Risk Assessment: Conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify areas where

biohazards may be present.

 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS): Review MSDS for all materials used on-site to
identify any that may contain biohazards.

 Consultation with Experts: Engage with biological safety experts for specialized advice
on identifying biohazards.

2.2 Establishment of Control Measures

The second objective is to establish effective control measures to minimize the risk posed by
identified biohazards. These measures will be tailored to the specific types of biohazards
identified.

2.2.1 Types of Control Measures

 Engineering Controls: Such as ventilation systems and biohazard waste containers.

 Administrative Controls: Including work practice controls, restricted access to hazardous

areas, and standard operating procedures.

 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Provision of appropriate PPE like gloves, masks,
and eye protection.

2.3 Employee Training on Biohazard Safety

The third objective is to ensure that all employees are adequately trained on biohazard safety
protocols. This training will be mandatory for all employees and will be refreshed annually or as
needed.

2.3.1 Components of Training

 Awareness: Educate employees about the types of biohazards they may encounter.

 Procedures: Train employees on the correct procedures for handling, storing, and
disposing of biohazards.
  Emergency Response: Provide training on how to respond to biohazard exposures or
spills, including the use of spill kits and emergency contact information.

3. Identification of Biohazards

3.1 Overview

The identification of biohazards is a critical step in ensuring the safety and well-being of all
personnel on the construction site. The following subsections outline the primary types of
biohazards that may be encountered.

3.2 Human Waste from Temporary Sanitation Facilities

3.2.1 Description

Human waste from portable toilets or other temporary sanitation facilities can pose a significant
biohazard risk, including the transmission of pathogens like E. coli and Hepatitis A.

3.2.2 Risk Assessment

 Frequency of Use: High-traffic sanitation facilities are at greater risk.

 Maintenance: Poorly maintained facilities increase the risk.

3.2.3 Control Measures

 Regular cleaning and sanitization

 Use of proper waste disposal methods

3.3 Medical Waste from On-site First Aid

3.3.1 Description

Medical waste, such as used bandages, needles, and other first-aid materials, can pose a risk of
transmitting bloodborne pathogens.

3.3.2 Risk Assessment

 Volume of Waste: Larger quantities pose a greater risk.

 Type of Waste: Sharps, fluids, etc., each have different risks.

3.3.3 Control Measures

 Use of biohazard waste bins

 Proper disposal protocols

3.4 Soil Contaminated with Biological Agents

3.4.1 Description

Soil at the construction site may be contaminated with biological agents such as bacteria, fungi,
or parasites, posing a risk to workers.

3.4.2 Risk Assessment

 Location: Proximity to waste disposal or sewage sites.

 Type of Contaminant: Different agents pose different levels of risk.

3.4.3 Control Measures

 Soil testing

 Use of PPE when handling soil

3.5 Water Sources Contaminated with Harmful Microorganisms

3.5.1 Description

Water sources, such as temporary water tanks or natural water bodies near the site, may be
contaminated with harmful microorganisms like Giardia or Cryptosporidium.

3.5.2 Risk Assessment

 Water Source: Natural or stored.

 Human Interaction: Level of human contact with the water.

3.5.3 Control Measures

 Water testing

 Boiling or treating water before use

4. Risk Assessment

4.1 Overview

Risk assessment is a crucial component of this Biohazard Plan. It involves identifying areas of
high risk and implementing measures to mitigate the hazards. This section outlines the
procedures for conducting risk assessments and the actions to be taken based on the findings.

4.2 Identification of High-Risk Areas

4.2.1 Criteria for Identification

High-risk areas are those where the likelihood of exposure to biohazards is significantly elevated.
Criteria for identification may include:
  Proximity to waste disposal areas

 Areas where first aid is administered

 Locations near contaminated soil or water sources

4.2.2 Marking of High-Risk Areas

Once identified, high-risk areas should be clearly marked with biohazard signs and caution tape.
Access to these areas should be restricted to authorized personnel who have received biohazard
safety training.

4.3 Frequency of Risk Assessments

4.3.1 Initial Assessment

An initial risk assessment should be conducted before the commencement of any construction
activities. This will serve as a baseline for future assessments.

4.3.2 Regular Assessments

Risk assessments should be conducted regularly, at intervals determined by the Biological Safety
Officer or equivalent authority. The frequency may be increased following any incident involving
biohazard exposure.

4.4 Conducting the Risk Assessment

4.4.1 Team Composition

The risk assessment team should comprise experts in biological safety, site supervisors, and
representatives from the workforce.

4.4.2 Assessment Procedure

 Inspection of the site to identify potential biohazards

 Evaluation of existing control measures

 Documentation of findings

 Recommendations for additional control measures, if necessary

4.5 Documentation and Record-Keeping

All risk assessments should be documented, and the records should be maintained for a period
as required by local, state, or federal regulations. These documents should be readily accessible
for review during audits or inspections.

5. Control Measures

5.1 Overview
Control measures are essential in mitigating the risks associated with biohazards. This section
outlines the key control measures that will be implemented to ensure the safety of all personnel
on the construction site.

5.2 Securement of Biohazardous Materials

5.2.1 Labeled Containers

All biohazardous materials, including medical waste and contaminated soil, must be securely
stored in containers that are clearly labeled with biohazard symbols. These containers should be
made of materials that are resistant to leaks and punctures.

5.2.2 Storage Locations

These containers should be stored in designated areas that are separate from general waste
storage. The storage locations should be clearly marked and locked to prevent unauthorized
access.

5.2.3 Disposal

Proper disposal methods must be followed for each type of biohazardous material, in
accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. This may include incineration or
autoclaving.

5.3 Restricted Access to Biohazard Areas

5.3.1 Identification

Areas where biohazards are present should be clearly identified with appropriate signage, such
as biohazard symbols and caution tape.

5.3.2 Access Control

Access to these areas should be limited to personnel who have received specialized training in
biohazard safety. Entry and exit logs should be maintained to monitor who has accessed these
areas.

5.3.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Anyone entering a restricted biohazard area must wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, masks,
and eye protection. PPE should be disposed of or sanitized properly after use.

5.4 Monitoring and Review

5.4.1 Regular Inspections

Regular inspections should be conducted to ensure that all control measures are effectively
implemented and maintained. Any deficiencies should be promptly addressed.

5.4.2 Review of Control Measures

Control measures should be reviewed periodically and updated as necessary, especially when
new types of biohazards are identified or when there are changes in regulations.
6.2 Types of PPE

6.2.1 Gloves

 Purpose: To protect hands from direct contact with biohazardous materials.

 Material: Nitrile or latex gloves that are puncture-resistant.

 Usage Guidelines: Gloves should be worn when handling biohazardous materials and
should be disposed of immediately after use.

6.2.2 Masks

 Purpose: To protect the respiratory system from inhaling airborne pathogens.

 Type: N95 respirators or surgical masks, depending on the level of risk.

 Usage Guidelines: Masks should be worn in areas where airborne biohazards may be
present and should be replaced as per manufacturer's guidelines or if visibly soiled.

6.2.3 Eye Protection

 Purpose: To protect the eyes from splashes or sprays of biohazardous materials.

 Type: Safety goggles or face shields.

 Usage Guidelines: Eye protection should be worn when there is a risk of splashing or
spraying of biohazardous materials.

6.3 Training and Compliance

6.3.1 Training

All personnel required to use PPE must receive training on the proper usage, limitations, and
disposal of the equipment. This training should be part of the general biohazard safety training
program.

6.3.2 Compliance Monitoring

Regular inspections should be conducted to ensure compliance with PPE protocols. Non-
compliance will be subject to disciplinary action as per company policy.

6.4 Maintenance and Disposal

6.4.1 Maintenance

Reusable PPE, such as goggles, should be cleaned and disinfected according to manufacturer
guidelines.

6.4.2 Disposal

Disposable PPE, like gloves and masks, should be disposed of in designated biohazard waste
containers. The disposal process should comply with local, state, and federal regulations.
Certainly! Here's an expanded version of the "Training and Education" section of your Biohazard
Plan for Almabani General Contractors:

7. Training and Education

7.1 Overview

Training and education are integral components of this Biohazard Plan. They ensure that all
workers are equipped with the knowledge and skills needed to safely handle biohazards. This
section outlines the training requirements, methodologies, and frequency.

7.2 Mandatory Biohazard Training

7.2.1 Target Audience

All workers, including employees, contractors, and temporary staff, must undergo biohazard
training before commencing work on the construction site.

7.2.2 Training Components

 Identification of Biohazards: Understanding types and sources of biohazards.

 Use of PPE: Proper usage, maintenance, and disposal of various types of PPE.

 Control Measures: Procedures for safely handling, storing, and disposing of

biohazardous materials.

 Emergency Response: Actions to take in case of accidental exposure or spills.

7.3 Training Methodologies

7.3.1 Classroom Training

 Format: Instructor-led sessions with multimedia presentations.

 Duration: Initial training to last at least 2 hours.

7.3.2 On-the-Job Training

 Format: Practical demonstrations and hands-on exercises.

 Supervision: Conducted under the guidance of a trained Biological Safety Officer or

equivalent.

7.3.3 Online Modules

 Format: E-learning courses that can be accessed remotely.

  Accessibility: Available to all workers for ongoing education.

7.4 Regular Updates and Refresher Courses

7.4.1 Frequency

Refresher courses should be conducted at least annually or whenever there are significant
changes to biohazard types, control measures, or regulations.

7.4.2 Content

 Updates on New Biohazards: Information on any newly identified biohazards.

 Regulatory Changes: Updates on local, state, or federal regulations.

 Best Practices: Sharing of new industry best practices for biohazard safety.

7.4.3 Documentation

Attendance and completion of all training sessions and refresher courses should be documented.
Records should be kept for a period as required by local, state, or federal regulations.

8. Emergency Response Procedures

8.1 Overview

Emergencies involving biohazards require immediate and effective response to mitigate risks and
prevent further harm. This section outlines the procedures to be followed in case of spills or
exposure incidents, as well as the contact information for emergency services.

8.2 Procedures for Spills or Exposure Incidents

8.2.1 Immediate Actions

 Isolate the Area: Secure the area around the spill or exposure to prevent further
contamination.

 Don PPE: Anyone responding to the incident should immediately put on appropriate
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

8.2.2 Spill Cleanup

 Small Spills: Use absorbent materials like spill pads to soak up the spill.

 Large Spills: Use a spill kit containing absorbents and disinfectants.

 Disposal: Place all used materials in a biohazard waste container.

8.2.3 Exposure Treatment

 Skin Exposure: Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
  Eye Exposure: Rinse eyes with clean water or eye wash solution for at least 15 minutes.

 Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention immediately.

8.2.4 Reporting

 Internal Reporting: Report the incident to the site supervisor and Biological Safety
Officer.

 External Reporting: File a report with relevant local, state, or federal agencies, if
required.

8.3 Contact Information for Emergency Services

8.3.1 Internal Contacts

 Biological Safety Officer: [Name, Phone Number]

 Site Supervisor: [Name, Phone Number]

8.3.2 External Contacts

 Local Hospital: [Name, Phone Number, Address]

 Poison Control Center: [Phone Number]

 Local Fire Department: [Phone Number]

 Local Police: [Phone Number]

8.3.3 Emergency Hotlines

 National Biohazard Emergency Hotline: [Phone Number]

 Company Emergency Line: [Phone Number]

9. Waste Management

9.1 Overview

Effective waste management is crucial for minimizing the risk of biohazard exposure and
ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements. This section outlines the procedures for the
proper disposal of different types of biohazardous waste and the designated areas for waste
collection.

9.2 Proper Disposal Methods

9.2.1 Human Waste

 Method: Human waste from temporary sanitation facilities should be collected by

certified waste disposal companies specializing in hazardous waste.

 Frequency: Regularly scheduled pickups, depending on usage rates.

9.2.2 Medical Waste

 Method: Medical waste like used bandages and needles should be placed in sharps
containers or other approved biohazard waste containers.

 Frequency: Disposal should be coordinated with a certified medical waste disposal

service.

9.2.3 Contaminated Soil

 Method: Soil found to be contaminated with biological agents should be excavated and
transported to a certified hazardous waste facility.

 Frequency: As needed, based on risk assessments.

9.2.4 Contaminated Water

 Method: Water contaminated with harmful microorganisms should be treated on-site or

transported to a water treatment facility.

 Frequency: As needed, based on regular water testing.

9.3 Designated Waste Collection Areas

9.3.1 Location

 Human and Medical Waste: Designated areas near sanitation facilities and first-aid
stations.

 Soil and Water: Separate, clearly marked areas away from general waste.

9.3.2 Signage

All designated waste collection areas should be clearly marked with biohazard signs and should
be secured to prevent unauthorized access.

9.3.3 Maintenance

 Cleaning: Regular cleaning and sanitization of waste collection areas.

 Inspection: Weekly inspections to ensure that waste is being properly segregated and
that containers are not overflowing.

9.4 Documentation and Record-Keeping

 Waste Tracking: Maintain logs to track the types and amounts of biohazardous waste
generated, along with disposal methods and dates.

 Compliance: Ensure that all waste disposal methods are in compliance with local, state,
and federal regulations.
10. Record-Keeping

10.1 Overview

Maintaining accurate and comprehensive records is essential for monitoring the effectiveness of
the Biohazard Plan, ensuring regulatory compliance, and providing documentation in case of
audits or legal actions. This section outlines the types of records that must be kept and the
procedures for maintaining them.

10.2 Incident Reports

10.2.1 Purpose

Incident reports document any occurrences of spills, exposures, or other biohazard-related

incidents. These reports are crucial for identifying areas for improvement and for legal
documentation.

10.2.2 Components

 Date and Time: When the incident occurred.

 Location: Where the incident took place.

 Persons Involved: Names and roles of those involved.

 Description: Detailed account of the incident.

 Immediate Actions Taken: Steps taken to mitigate the incident.

 Follow-Up Actions: Any additional measures required.

10.2.3 Storage and Access

Incident reports should be stored in a secure location, either digitally or in a locked filing cabinet,
and should be accessible only to authorized personnel.

10.3 Training Records

10.3.1 Purpose

Training records verify that all workers have received the required biohazard safety training and
are up-to-date with refresher courses.

10.3.2 Components

 Employee Name: Full name of the trained individual.

 Date of Training: When the training was conducted.

 Training Content: Topics covered during the training.

 Trainer’s Name: Name of the person who conducted the training.

10.3.3 Storage and Access

Training records should be stored in the Human Resources department and should be available
for review during audits or inspections.

10.4 Waste Disposal Records

10.4.1 Purpose

Waste disposal records track the types, quantities, and disposal methods of biohazardous waste,
ensuring compliance with waste management regulations.

10.4.2 Components

 Type of Waste: Description of the biohazardous material.

 Quantity: Amount of waste disposed of.

 Method of Disposal: How the waste was treated or disposed of.

 Date of Disposal: When the waste was disposed of.

10.4.3 Storage and Access

Waste disposal records should be stored in a secure location and should be readily available for
regulatory inspections.

11. Review and Update

11.1 Overview

The Biohazard Plan is a living document that requires regular review and updates to ensure its
effectiveness and compliance with current regulations. This section outlines the frequency and
circumstances under which the plan should be reviewed and updated.

11.2 Annual Review

11.2.1 Purpose

An annual review is conducted to assess the overall effectiveness of the Biohazard Plan, identify
areas for improvement, and update any outdated information.

11.2.2 Participants

The review should involve key stakeholders such as the Biological Safety Officer, site supervisors,
and representatives from the workforce.

11.2.3 Process

 Document Review: Thoroughly review the existing Biohazard Plan.

 Performance Metrics: Evaluate the effectiveness of control measures, training programs,

and emergency response procedures.
  Regulatory Updates: Check for any changes in local, state, or federal regulations that
may require updates to the plan.

 Recommendations: Compile a list of recommended changes or improvements.

11.3 Review Following an Incident

11.3.1 Trigger Events

The plan should also be reviewed following any incident involving biohazards, such as spills,
exposures, or regulatory violations.

11.3.2 Objectives

 Incident Analysis: Understand the root causes of the incident.

 Effectiveness of Response: Evaluate the effectiveness of the emergency response

procedures.

 Lessons Learned: Identify lessons that can be applied to prevent similar incidents in the
future.

11.3.3 Updates

Based on the findings, immediate updates should be made to the Biohazard Plan, and all staff
should be informed of these changes.

11.4 Documentation

11.4.1 Record-Keeping

All reviews and updates should be documented, including the date of the review, participants,
findings, and any changes made to the plan.

11.4.2 Accessibility

The most current version of the Biohazard Plan should be easily accessible to all employees and
should be provided to new hires during their orientation.