Student Name: ____________________________________________________________

CHEMISTRY 2017
Unit 1
Key Topic Test 2 – Metals and Ionic Bonding

Recommended writing time*: 45 minutes

Total number of marks available: 50 marks

QUESTION BOOK

* The recommended writing time is a guide to the time students should take to complete this
test. Teachers may wish to alter this time and can do so at their own discretion.
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Conditions and restrictions

 Students are permitted to bring into the room for this test: pens, pencils, highlighters,
erasers, sharpeners, rulers and a scientific calculator.
 Students are NOT permitted to bring into the room for this test: blank sheets of paper
and/or white out liquid/tape.

Materials supplied
 Question and answer book of 12 pages.
 Data sheet or booklet.

Instructions
 Print your name in the space provided on the top of the front page.
 All written responses must be in English.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised
electronic communication devices into the room for this test.
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SECTION A – Multiple-choice questions

Instructions for Section A

Answer all questions.
Choose the response that is correct for the question.
A correct answer scores 1, an incorrect answer scores 0.
Marks are not deducted for incorrect answers.
If more than 1 answer is completed for any question, no mark will be given.

Question 1
Three useful properties of most metals are:
A. Malleable, good conductors of electricity, high tensile strength
B. Malleable, conductors of electricity, low tensile strength
C. Lustrous, good electrical conductors, brittle
D. Brittle, good conductors of heat, low tensile strength
E. Lustrous, brittle, high tensile strength

Question 2
A difference between metals and ionic solids is that:
A. Metals are brittle, ionic solids are malleable
B. Metals are conductors of electricity in the solid state, ionic solids are non-conductors in all
states
C. Metals are conductors of electricity in the solid state, ionic solids are non-conductors in the
solid state
D. Metals are malleable, ionic solids are ductile
E. Metals are ductile, ionic solids are malleable

Question 3
Metals are malleable due to:
A. The positive ions that are free to move forming non-direction bonds
B. The attraction between the positive ions
C. The delocalised cations that are free to move forming non-direction bonds
D. The delocalised electrons that are free to move forming non-direction bonds
E. The lattice structure of metals being three dimensional

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Question 4
The order of the ease of extraction of the metals Au, Al, Mg and Fe, from easiest to hardest is:
A. Au, Al, Mg and Fe
B. Au, Al, Fe and Mg
C. Mg, Au, Fe and al
D. Mg, Fe, Au and Al
E. Au, Fe, Al, and Mg

Question 5
The addition of a small quantity of carbon to iron increases hardness. The best explanation for
this is that:

A. the iron and carbon atoms pack into a more orderly arrangement which is difficult to
distort
B. together iron and carbon produce smaller but more closely packed crystals
C. the smaller carbon atoms fit between the iron atoms and stop layers from sliding past one
another
D. the carbon atoms are arranged around the crystals, preventing them from being deformed

E. The greater force of attraction between the carbon and the iron atoms

Question 6
The substance which causes the iron in iron oxide to be reduced to iron is:
A. CO2
B. SiO2
C. CaO
D. CaO3
E. CO

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Question 7
The valence shell electron configuration of atoms X and Y are 2s2 and 2s2 2p5 respectively.
Which of the following would be correct?
I. Element X would form a negative ion.
II. The compound formed between X and Y would be XY2.
III. The compound formed between X and Y would have a low melting point.

A. I only
B. I, II & III
C. II only
D. I & II only
E. II & III only

Question 8
The brittleness of an ionic compound can directly be attributed to the
A. Repulsions that occur when like charges align.
B. Weakness of the bonds within the lattice.
C. Strength of the bonds and their unwillingness to bend.
D. Presence of positive and negative ions.
E. Repulsions that occur when opposite charges align.

Question 9
Ionic compounds are unable to conduct electricity in the solid state due to:
A. Delocalised electrons being present
B. The charged particles being fixed in position and unable to move
C. No charged particles present in the structure
D. Not enough charged particles being present in the structure
E. The structure is too unstable

Question 10
What is the empirical formula of aluminium sulfate?
A. Al(SO4)3
B. Al2(SO4)2
C. Al3(SO4)2
D. Al2(SO4)3
E. AlSO4

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Question 11
A hard but brittle metal is most likely to be produced by:
A. annealing.
B. quenching.
C. tempering.
D. alloying.
E. galvanising

Question 12
Alloys are metals to which a small amount of another metal or non-metal has been added.
Compared with the original metal, alloys are generally:
A. harder and more malleable.
B. softer and more malleable.
C. harder and less malleable.
D. softer and less malleable
E. harder and always have a higher melting point

Question 13
Sodium chloride, NaCl, in the solid state consists of
A. a regular two dimensional lattice of alternating Na+ and Cl- ions.
B. a random arrangement of the Na+ and Cl- ions.
C. a regular three dimensional lattice of Na+ and Cl- ions randomly arranged
D. a random arrangement of clusters of Na+ and Cl- ions.
E. a regular three dimensional lattice of alternating Na+ and Cl- ions

Question 14
Transition metals are generally:
A. soft, have variable oxidation states and many have catalytic properties
B. soft, one oxidation state and many have catalytic properties
C. hard, have variable oxidation states and are unreactive
D. hard, have variable oxidation states and many have catalytic properties
E. poor conductors, have variable oxidation states and many have catalytic properties

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Question 15
Three main properties of nano-metals are:
A. high tensile strength, excellent conductors of electricity and no catalytic behaviour
B. high tensile strength, excellent conductors of electricity and catalytic behaviour
C. low tensile strength, excellent conductors of electricity and catalytic behaviour
D. high tensile strength, poor conductors of electricity, no catalytic behaviour
E. high tensile strength, poor conductors of electricity and catalytic behaviour

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SECTION B - Short-answer questions

Instructions for Section B

Questions must be answered in the spaces provided in this book.
To obtain full marks for your responses you should
 Give simplified answers with an appropriate number of significant figures to all
numerical questions; unsimplified answers will not be given full marks.
 Show all workings in your answers to numerical questions. No credit will be given for an
incorrect answer unless it is accompanied by details of the working.
Make sure chemical equations are balanced and that the formulas for individual substances
include an indication of state; for example, H2(g); NaCl(s)

Question 1
a.
i. Explain why molten ionic compounds will conduct an electric current but do not
conduct an electric current in the solid state.

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1 mark

ii. A crystal of magnesium fluoride, MgCl2, is relatively hard, in that it is difficult to

scratch the surface with a knife, yet the crystal will shatter easily when struck with a
hammer. Explain these observations using the appropriate bonding model.
_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

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2 marks

iii. What would be the predicted formula for an ionic compound formed when aluminium
reacts with oxygen?

_____________________________________________________________________

1 mark

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b. The melting temperatures for the two ionic solids, potassium chloride and calcium oxide,
are 770 ºC and 2927 ºC respectively.

i. Draw structures of these two solids showing the arrangement and nature of the
constituent particles.

4 marks

ii. Why is the melting temperature of the calcium oxide significantly higher than that
of potassium chloride?

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

1 mark
Total 9 marks

Question 2
Metallic alloys are widely used in society.
a. i. What is the main difference in composition between an alloy and pure metals?

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1 mark

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ii. Name two differences in properties between an alloy and the metal which was used to
make it.

__________________________________________________________________________

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2 marks
b.

i. What are the two main types of alloys?

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1 mark

ii. Draw and label a model of the structure for each type:

2 marks
iii. Name two differences in structure between the two types of alloys

________________________________________________________________________

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2 marks
Total 8 marks

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Question 3
a. Name the following chemical compounds:

i. Cu(I)NO3 _____________________________________
ii. BaSO4 _____________________________________
iii. PbCO3 _____________________________________
iv. Al(OH)3 _____________________________________

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 marks
b. Write the chemical formulae for each of the following compounds:

i. Calcium orthophosphate ____________________________

ii. Potassium permanganate ____________________________

iii. Aluminium sulfate ____________________________

iv. Ammonium dichromate ____________________________

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 marks

c. State one use of each of the following ionic compounds:

i. NaOH __________________________________________________________________

ii. CaCO3 __________________________________________________________________

iii. Al2O3 _________________________________________________________________

iv. NH4NO3 ________________________________________________________________

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 marks
Total 12 marks

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Question 4
The equations for the major steps in the extraction of iron are given below. Complete each
equation by writing in the missing entity. Balance each equation.

a. C(s) + O2(g) → _________

b. CaCO3(s) → ________ + CO2(g)

c. C(s) + CO2(g) → ________

d. 3CO(g) + Fe2O3(s) → __________ + 3CO2(g)

e. CaO(s) + SiO2(s) → _______________

1+1+1+2+1=6

Total 6 marks
Total 50 marks
END OF KEY TOPIC TEST

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