What is a turbine?

A turbine is a machine that plays a key role in transforming fluid or air energy into
usable work or electricity.

With a rotor system at its core, a turbine harnesses the rotational energy generated
by the fluid to produce a wide range of applications. Here we'll delve into the
intricacies of turbines, their types, and their role in various industries and energy
generation.

Understanding turbines and their functionality

Turbines achieve their energy conversion through two primary mechanisms:
mechanical gearing and electromagnetic induction. They are primarily employed
for generating electricity, but their uses extend to powering mechanical systems.

Mechanical power derived from turbines traces back to ancient Greece. The
earliest wind wheels were dependent on gearing and shafts to drive machinery.

This concept of using wind or water as fluid mediums to drive turbines evolved
into what we now call windmills and waterwheels. These were instrumental in
grinding grain by driving millstones, as well as powering other mechanical
processes.

Types of turbines and their applications

Turbines come in different forms, tailored for specific applications and
energy sources. These are the prominent types of turbines:

Steam turbines
Steam turbines, widely employed in conventional power plants, generate
mechanical energy from burning oil, coal, or even nuclear power. These
thermal steam turbines remain one of the most common methods for
producing electricity globally. They are renowned for their efficiency and
reliability, effectively converting thermal energy into mechanical energy.
 Wind turbines, which generate power as blades turn, are among the most recognizable of
the various turbines.
Wind turbines
Wind turbines have captured global attention as one of the pillars of green
or clean electricity generation strategies. Working on the principles of
aerodynamics, wind turbines harness the kinetic energy of wind to generate
electrical power. They have gained significant momentum in wind power
applications, contributing to the shift toward sustainable and clean energy
sources and support for corporate environmental, social and governance
(ESG) initiatives.

Gas turbines
Gas turbines provide a versatile and efficient solution for various industrial
needs. They use combustible fuels such as natural gas or diesel to
generate mechanical energy. The resulting power is used extensively in
power plants, aircraft engines, and various industrial applications. Gas
turbines are highly regarded for their compact size, quick startup, and
ability to adapt to fluctuating loads.