Scotch College Chemistry Test Solution Stoichiometry, Acids and Alkalis

NAME: ______________________________________________ ______________/ 47

Multiple Choice Questions: Answer all question by circling the best alternative.

1. A solution of sodium hydroxide is found to have a molarity of 0.50 M. This means that:

A. 40.0 g of solid sodium hydroxide has been dissolved in 2.0 L of water.

B. The sodium hydroxide solution has 1.2 x 1022 sodium ions present.
C. The sodium hydroxide solution is only half saturated.
D. 0.5 mole of sodium ions have been dissolved in 100 mL of water.

2. Hydrogen Peroxide solutions for hair bleaching are sold as 120 mL solutions containing
5.00 g of H2O2 dissolved in water. What is the molar concentration of hydrogen peroxide in
this bleaching product?

A. 0.81 % (m/v)
B. 1.23 M
C. 22.1 g L-1
D. 1.23 x 10-3 mol L-1

3. What mass of Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, (M=84.3 g mol-1) must be added to a 250 mL
volumetric flask to create a 1.5 M solution?

A. 0.38 g
B. 32 g
C. 316 g
D. 375 g

4. What is the concentration of sodium ions in a 1.24 M sodium phosphide, Na3P solution?

A. 0.413 M
B. 1.24 M
C. 3.72 M
D. 4.96 M

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5. Calculation of pH is only considered to be accurate when

A. The acid is weak and does not fully ionize in water.

B. The acid is strong and does not fully ionize in water.
C. The acid is weak and fully ionizes in water.
D. The acid is strong and fully ionizes in water.

6. When a solution with a pH of 5.0 has a large amount of water added to it, the pH will:

A. Rise as the hydronium ion concentration decreases.

B. Fall as the hydronium ion concentration decreases.
C. Rise as the hydronium ion concentration increases.
D. Fall as the hydronium ion concentration increases.

7. Which of the following substances is both amphiprotic and polyprotic?

A. HCO3-
B. HPO42-
C. CH3COO-
D. H2PO4-

8. Calculate the pH of a sulfuric acid, H2SO4, solution that has a concentration of 2.00 M. Assume
complete ionization.

A. -0.30
B. -0.60
C. 2.00
D. 4.00

9. Which of the following equations demonstrates H2PO4- acting as an acid?

A. H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) → H3PO4 (aq) + OH- (aq)

B. H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) → HPO42- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
C. H2PO4- (aq) + HCl (aq) → H3PO4 (aq) + Cl- (aq)
D. H2PO4- (aq) + NaNO3 (aq) → Na3PO4 (s) + H2 (g) + NO3- (aq)

9x1 = 9 marks

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Extended response questions: (Answer in the space provided)

1. What amount of substance, in mol, is present in 7.2 L of 3.15 x 10-3 M KBr?

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1 mark
2. Calculate the concentration of the solution formed when 100 mL of water is added to
50.0 mL of 1.2 M HCl (aq).
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2 marks
3. A student needs 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of sodium hydroxide for an experiment he has
designed. Unfortunately, the Scotch Lab only has 2.0 L bottles of 6.00 M sodium hydroxide
solution in stock. What volume of the 6.00 M solution will be needed for the 50.0 mL flask?

2 marks
4. What mass, in g, of solute present in the following?
a. 100 mL of 1.20 M NH3

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b. 20 mL of 0.50 M AgNO3. M(AgNO3) = 170 g mol-1

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2+2= 4 marks

5. Calculate the concentration, in ppm (m/v), of a 0.00200 M solution of NaCl. (1ppm = 1 mgL-1)
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2 marks

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6. Use the graph below to answer the following questions.

a. At what temperature will 45g/100g of potassium nitrate be a saturated solution? _________

b. A 500 g saturated solution of lead nitrate is cooled from 50oC to 30oC. What mass of solute
would be expected to crystalise?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
1+2=3 marks
7. Calculate the pH of the following solutions:

a. 0.0010 M HNO3 ____________________________________________________________________________________

b. 1.25 M Mg(OH)2 ___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

1+2=3 marks

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 8. The following solutions all have a concentration of 0.10 M. Write them in order of
increasing pH.

CH3COOH; LiOH; NH3; H2SO4

_________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________

2 marks

9. There are a variety of solutions listed below. From the list, choose one example for each of
the following categories.

HNO3 CH3COOH H2SO4 HCO3- Na2CO3 H3PO4 KCl

Monoprotic acid
Amphiprotic substance
Base
Triprotic acid
Neutral substance
5 marks

10. For each of the following pairs of reactants, write the full balanced overall equation and
the ionic equation in the spaces provided. Include states.

a. Magnesium carbonate solid with hydrochloric acid solution.

Overall reaction

Ionic equation

b. Dilute Nitric acid with potassium hydroxide solution.

Overall reaction

Ionic equation

c. Solid calcium with hydrochloric acid solution.

Overall reaction

Ionic equation

9 marks

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11. A student takes a 20.00 mL sample (aliquot) of 0.115 M sodium hydroxide with a pipette and
places it in a conical flask. Sulfuric acid is added from a burette and the student finds that
22.30 mL of the acid is needed to completely react with the sodium hydroxide.

Given that the equation for the reaction is

2NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq)  2H2O (l) + Na2SO4 (aq)

a. Calculate the amount, in mol, of sodium hydroxide in solution.

b. Calculate the concentration, in mol L-1, of the sulfuric acid solution. Give you answer to 3
significant figures.

1+2=3 marks

12. A student wrote down the steps he completed when making a standard solution.
 Calculate the mass of solute required
 Weigh the mass of solute on a watch glass and record the accurate mass
 Transfer the mass to the volumetric flask
 Rinse the watch glass and funnel used
 Fill the volumetric flask to the calibration line
 Mix thoroughly

The ‘best practice’ method for making a standard solution has a step that this student has not
included. Identify this extra step and how might it affect the accuracy of the standard solution
concentration?

2 marks
END OF TEST (47 MARKS)

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