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Revised Proposal with Discounted price
Revised Proposal with Discounted price
AND
COMMERCIAL QUOTATION
FOR ETP
Doc. n. 3160/20_REV.2
Country: Pakistan
PANTA REI S.r.l. - Water Solutions thanks you for your kind offer request. We are at your
disposal for any additional information or clarification that you may need.
Yours sincerely,
PANTA REI S.r.l. - Water Solutions
CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................ 4
4. CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 20
The chosen treatment is a biological oxidation, which has been widely used due to its positive
results and low running costs.
The main objective of the biological treatment is the oxidation of the dissolved and particulate
biodegradable constituents so that the polluting organic and inorganic compounds are removed
or significantly reduced.
In general, it can be said that the actual water purification happens thanks to the bacterial
metabolization; they process the organic substances internally, that is, they break the molecules
into simpler compounds and generate carbon dioxide, water, gaseous nitrogen and, in less
amount, other compounds depending on the inlet effluent characteristics.
The biological treatment will be explained in detail in the general process description.
PROCESS DATA
pH 8 – 10
Temperature 40 °C
Temperature is a crucial parameter in order to guarantee a high process efficiency. The maximum
acceptable temperature inside the oxidation tank is 38 - 40°C. In case the discharge temperature
is higher, a temperature reduction system should be included. The expected parameter values
after the proposed biological treatment are:
pH 6–8
Which are compliant with the ZDHC foundational guidelines, as well as the European and
Pakistan regulations, as shown below.
Italian law regarding wastewater discharges on surface water and public sewage
(Italian Law 152 / 2006)
SURFACE WATER PUBLIC SEWAGE
PARAMETER UNIT
DISCHARGE DISCHARGE
Temperature increase °C ≤3 ≤3 ≤3
BOD5 (@22°C) ppm 80 250 80
COD ppm 150 400 400
TDS ppm 3500 3500 3500
TSS ppm 200 400 200
pH 6-9 6-9 6-9
Iron ppm 8 8 8
Lead ppm 0.50 0.50 0.50
Manganese ppm 1.50 1.50 1.50
Oil & Grease ppm 10 10 10
Ammonia (NH3) ppm 40 40 40
Arsenic ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Chlorides (as Cl-) ppm 1000 1000 At or below
sea
concentration
(SC)
Chlorine ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Chromium (trivalent and ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
hexavalent)
Copper ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Barium ppm 1.50 1.50 1.50
Fluoride(F) ppm 10 10 10
Sulfates ppm 600 1000 SC
Sulphide(S) ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Cadmium ppm 0.10 0.10 0.10
Mercury ppm 0.01 0.01 0.01
Cyanide total (as CN-) ppm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Mercury ppm 0.01 0.01 0.01
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
MAIN TANKS
Storage tank (N.1) 720 m3 (12 h* retention time)
The first unit operation generally encountered in wastewater treatment plants is screening. A
screen is a device with openings, generally of uniform size, that is used to retain solids found in
the influent wastewater to the treatment plant or in combined wastewater collection systems
subject to overflows, especially from storm water. The principal role of screening is to remove
coarse materials from the flow stream that could damage subsequent process equipment, reduce
overall treatment process reliability and effectiveness, or contaminate waterways. Fine screens
are sometimes used in place of or following coarse screens where greater removals of solids are
required to protect process equipment or eliminate materials that may inhibit the beneficial reuse
of biosolids. All aspects of screenings removal, transport, and disposal must be considered in the
application of screening devices, including the degree of screening removal required because of
potential effects on downstream processes, health and safety of the operators as screenings
contain pathogenic organisms and attract insect, odor potential, and requirements for handling,
transport, and disposal, i.e., removal of organics (by washing) and reduced water content (by
pressing), and disposal options. Thus, an integrated approach is required to achieve effective
screenings management.
The best option in this phase is the use of coarse bubble diffusers, which provide the wastewater
in the accumulation tank with all the mixing and oxygen that is needed in order to keep a
homogeneous mixture that is crucial for the following oxidation process and at the same time
avoid anaerobic conditions that are undesirable. The air is provided by a blower that is then
transformed in coarse air bubbles by the diffusers. Coarse bubble diffuser range from 1 to 30
m3/h capacity, our design is based on 6 m3/h value.
The removal of excess acidity or alkalinity by a chemical agent is called neutralization. Industrial
waters that were exposed to extremely high or low pH values require a neutralization process
before they can be sent to a biological treatment or the environment. The reason is that the
biological treatment required neutral pH conditions, otherwise the bacteria that perform the
water purification are heavily affected. Acidic wastewaters can be neutralized with basic
chemicals (the most common are sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, lime and sodium
carbonate). The alkaline wastewater can be treated with acid chemicals; the most used being
sulfuric acid at 98% concentration. The chemical reagents used in the treatment plant are stored
in adequate tanks that are specially designed and suitable for them. The equipment used for the
pH correction is the pH meter and the dosing pumps.
The pH meter is an instrument that measures and controls (depending on the configuration) the
pH value or redox potential of aqueous solutions. The dosing pumps provide the exact amount
of chemical reagent that is required according to the measured pH value.
3.2.4. Selector
In order to avoid the filamentous bacteria proliferation, which originate the negative filamentous
bulking, a selector tank is built in order to contain the water flow for about 15 minutes prior to
the biological oxidation. This also improves the settling characteristics of the activated sludge.
The water is sent to the biological oxidation tank through feeding pumps that guarantee a
homogenous flow to the biological oxidation treatment.
The biological oxidation is the most important phase of the treatment; here the main activity is
the biological oxidation, in order to achieve the degradation of the pollutants that are present in
the water flow, which takes place in the following order:
3 Partial biodegradation
4 Co-metabolism
5 Bio-absorption by solid matrixes
The oxygen transfer from the gaseous phase to the liquid phase (water) is a crucial part of the
wastewater treatment, especially when it is performed by the activated sludge. Since the
solubility of oxygen in water is low, and thus the natural oxygen transfer is low, the oxygen that
is necessary for the biological process oxidation does not enter the water naturally, also because
the air-water interface is very limited, thus additional interfaces need to be created in order to
carry out the process. Oxygen can be supplied as pure bubbles or as air. The air bubbles are
generally chosen instead of the pure oxygen bubbles since the cost is much lower. The air is
The air diffusers are discs with a special EPDM membrane that create micro bubbles. These micro
bubbles increase greatly the air – water contact surface, thus improving the oxygen transfer rate
to water and then the oxygen transfer rate between the water and the bacteria that needs it in
order to perform the biological oxidation and remove the pollutants from water. The air bubbles
that are formed not only supply oxygen to the process, but also create an adequate mixing in the
tank that is needed in order to guarantee the process efficiency.
When the use of traditional static clarifiers is not feasible due to space limitations, or another kind
of clarifier is preferred, the lamella packs, which are flexible elements arranged in a sequence, are
an alternative to settle the suspended solids by gravity. The lamella packs, which are placed
inside a tank (usually made out of concrete). When the water goes through the lamella pack,
which should have an inclination of about 60°, the suspended solids that are contained in the
wastewater settle immediately on the surface of the elements and the main water flow is freed
from the aforementioned particles.
The particles then move to the lower part of the tank due to the gravity effect, where they
accumulate and form a layer. The sludge that is formed in the bottom is then removed. The main
advantage of the lamella packs clarifier is the space saving; they need 80-90% less space than
traditional clarifiers.
3.2.7. Thickening
The sludge thickening is a process of successive sedimentation used to concentrate the sludge,
that is, in order to increase the solids content by eliminating a part of the liquid fraction of the
effluent, in order to produce sludge that can be treated easily by a subsequent dewatering
treatment.
The chemical physical treatment is composed by a coagulation phase, where a chemical is added
in order to de-stabilize the suspended particles and form small flocs. This is carried out applying
fast agitation. Then, the flocculation phase takes place, where the size of the flocs is increased
through the addition of a flocculant and slow mixing.
Example: Chemical-physical treatment
The sludge dewatering is a physical unit operation that reduces the water content in the sludge.
This is desired because of the following reasons:
1. Sludge transportation cost reduction and easier (dewatered sludge can be shovelled,
transported with tractors, conveyor belts etc.)
2. Increased the calorific power of sludge prior to incineration, if this operation is desired.
Through a filter press, the sludge is dewatered due to the pressure applied; the resulting matter
has a solid content of 25% or more.
Quantity Item
1 Binocular biological microscope, B-192 OPTIKA
1 Hach COD digester/reactor
2 Imhoff cone with support
1 BOD sensor system VELP with incubator
1 TSS analysis set with paper filter and oven
1 Analytical scale
1 Multiparameter probe
1 Micropipette
2 Tips
2 Squeeze bottle
2 Glass slide
2 Slide coverslip
1 Oil for microscope
4 Glass borosilicate 25ML
4 Glass borosilicate 50 ML
1 Funnel
2 Borosilicate flask
1 Spatula
2 Nitrile gloves
2 Crucible 40 mL
1 Nipper for crucible
1 Digital thermometer
1 Filtration system 250mL with nipper + plug and flask
1 Filter paper 0,45 micron
1 Flask for filtration system
1 Silicone pipe for vacuum pump
4. CONCLUSIONS
Our experience and know-how guarantee the following objectives regarding the proposed water
treatment:
Process automation.
Long life span of all the provided materials, as all the equipment is supplied by world
leading European companies.
Process adjustment to running conditions changes (for example flow and pollutants
concentration change, within reasonable limits).
*Import fees and custom taxes to be paid by the client. Panta Rei guarantees the proper packing of all the
equipment and the C.F.R. transport up to the seaport of Karachi, Pakistan.
Panta Rei Srl water solutions will supply all the following included in the sales price:
Panta Rei Srl water solutions will NOT supply all the following, to be considered as excluded
from the sales prices:
• Equipment transportation from the seaport to the installation site and goods downloading.
• Pre-shipment Inspection fee if it is requested by the local authorities.
• All license fees and / or custom duties.
• Local transportation, pocket money, refreshments and local assistance for our technicians.
• Assembly and installation of all hydraulic, mechanical and electric equipment.
• Installation instruments (such as welding electrodes, cutting disk and others).
• Soil studies, reinforced and not reinforced concrete civil works; earth works, excavations.
• Electric line to the switchboard.
• Waste water supply from the process to the plant and from clarifier to final discharge. (see
supply limits)
• Supply and installation of the grounding connections for electrical facilities.
• Supply and assembly of all overflow or drainage pipes, internal service sewers, cable
ducts, PVC flexible pipes for chemical reagents,
• Any construction approval from local Authorities.
• Supply of any hoisting and/or laying equipment (cranes, forklift, etc.) both truck mounted
or not.
• Lyophilised bacteria and chemicals for start - up operations.
• Plant and service room lighting.
Supply Terms
5.3.1 Drawings
• Preliminary drawings will be sent 20 days from the letter of credit opening date.
• The detailed drawings will be sent 20 days from the date in which the preliminary
drawings
Please see the drawings where the supply limits are clearly marked.
All drawings modifications asked by the client or necessary due to space availability
modifications, etc. will be quoted separately and considered at the client’s expense.
In case that the equipment needs to be changed due to space modifications, etc. in case
there is a price difference, it will be charged to the client separately since it alters the
original equipment list.
5.3.2 Delivery dates
• 120 days from the date of the letter of credit opening; partial shipments must be allowed.
Note that the month of august and the last 15 days of December are excluded from the
aforementioned period since they are not considering working periods.
5.3.3 Guarantee
• All the equipment is under guarantee for a period of 12 months after the plant start-up,
but always within 18 months from the date on which the client is notified that the goods
are ready to be shipped, in case goods are not installed for any reason not attributable to
Panta Rei Srl.
• Motors and electrical accessories are also included in the guarantee if the Voltage variation
in the plant within a +/- 10% range.
• The transport of a substituted equipment under guarantee is to be paid by Panta Rei Srl.
• In case the manufacturer finds out that the damage to the equipment is due to improper
use of the equipment or accidental damage or force majeure, the guarantee expires
automatically.
Document property
This document is exclusive property of PANTA REI S.r.l. - Water Solutions, as per European
Law, and it should not be shown to third parties at all, unless PANTA REI S.r.l authorizes it
through a written communication.
ETP Property
The treatment plant and all of its components will remain property of PANTA REI S.r.l. - Water
Solutions until the client has fulfilled all his obligations regarding the contract. Given that some
of the plant accessories are provided in excess (for example piping, bolts, screws and others),
when the plant start up is completed, all this material, still PANTA REI’s property, can be bought
by the client otherwise the client should leave the material available so that Panta Rei S.r.l. can
remove it from the client’s premises.
Payment
The balance must be paid to PANTA REI S.r.l. - Water Solutions reminding that the acceptance
of bills or authorized drafts do not deviate from this agreement. In case the client buys the plant
through a leasing company, the related contract must be previously approved by PANTA REI
S.r.l. - Water Solutions, in case it may contain clauses in contrast with the herein proposed.
Transport
The plant parts and machinery will be shipped at our expense and the insurance against damage
during the sea transportation will be paid by the client up to the Seaport. (Incoterms CFR).
This document is a true copy of the original one written in Italian language and it is not a contract but
only an informal price quotation of the aforesaid items to be supplied.
Panta Rei s.r.l. | Via Cavour 17 | 30032 Fiesso d'Artico (VE) | Italy | Tel +39 049
7968832 info@pantareiwater.com | www.pantareiwater.com