EXPLORING SOCIAL

PSYCHOLOGY:
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN
BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL
CONTEXTS

made by Maria Belkhous

Group 3

Public Speaking 101 The Power of Visual Charts

 Introduction
Welcome to our presentation on social psychology, where we delve into the fascinating
study of how individuals think, feel, and behave within social contexts. Social psychology
explores the interplay between individuals and the social environment, shedding light on
the various factors that influence our thoughts, actions, and interactions with others. From
understanding the power of social influence to unraveling the complexities of
interpersonal relationships, social psychology offers valuable insights into the human
experience. Join us as we embark on a journey to explore the key principles, theories, and
phenomena that shape our social world.
 INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: PERCEPTION AND
STEREOTYPING

shapes our
Physical appearance plays a significant role in perceptions
shaping our perceptions of others. Research shows
that we often focus on salient physical features such
as sex, race, age, and attractiveness when forming
Making initial judgment
initial judgments. These judgments can influence our
behavior and interactions with others.
stereo types based on physical appearance can lead PHYSICAL
to unfair treatment and discrimination APPEARANCES stereotypes

Influence on behaviour

Public Speaking 101 The Power of Visual Charts

 STEREOTYPING, PREJUDICE,
AND DISCRIMINATION:
UNDERSTANDING BIAS Stereotype

Can you think of a time when you witnessed or experienced

stereotype-based discrimination? How did it make you feel?

Prejudice
Stereotypes are preconceived beliefs or judgments about individuals or groups
based on characteristics such as race, gender, or appearance. These stereotypes
often lead to prejudice, which is the negative evaluation or attitude towards
members of a particular group. Discrimination occurs when these negative
attitudes result in unfair treatment or actions towards individuals or groups.
Discrimination

Research has shown that stereotypes and prejudice can have harmful effects on
individuals, leading to feelings of exclusion, discrimination, and unequal opportunities.

Results : inclusion, negative

You have seen , you preconceived a belief. Then, this developed into a evaluation , inequality
negative feeling which finally influenced the behaviours into a negative way
CAUSAL ATTRIBUTION: UNDERSTANDING BEHAVIOR THROUGH OBSERVATION

✓ consider these two notions Causal attribution refers to the process

of determining the causes of behavior,
whether they are attributed to the
individual or the situation to
understand their personality.
CASUAL
ATTRIBUTION

Person attribution Situation attribution

The fundamental attribution when individuals take person situations

error in understanding behaviour factors
while underestimating the situation
attribution

Understanding causal attribution helps us recognize that behavior is influenced by multiple factors, including individual
characteristics and situational factors. It encourages us to consider alternative explanations for behavior, reducing the
likelihood of making unfair judgments or assumptions about others. Additionally, it promotes self-awareness by
prompting us to reflect on our own behavior and the factors that influence it.
 ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR: PREDICTIVE POWER AND RECIPROCAL INFLUENCE
ATTITUDE
A B
Attitudes refer to our evaluations or beliefs about
people, objects, or ideas. Research has shown that
attitudes often predict behavior, influencing
actions such as purchasing decisions, voting
behavior, and relationship choices. However, the
relationship between attitudes and behavior is
complex and can be influenced by various factors.
PREDICTIVE POWER
refers to the ability of attitudes
to forecast or anticipate future
behavior.
P R
BEHAVIOUR
Behavior, on the other hand, refers to the actions or
reactions of individuals in response to internal or
external stimuli.It encompasses observable actions.
behaviors can also shape attitudes through
processes such as self-perception. When we observe
our own behavior, we may infer our attitudes based
on our actions, leading to changes in our beliefs or
evaluations.
RECIPROCAL INFLUENCE
refers to a mutual or two-way relationship or
action. In the presentation, "reciprocal
influence" refers to the idea that attitudes and
behavior can influence each other in a
bidirectional manner. This means that not only
can attitudes influence behavior, but behavior
can also influence attitudes.
 CONCLUSION

Throughout our presentation on social psychology, we embarked on a journey to understand the complexities of human behavior
within social contexts. We began by exploring the influence of physical appearance and stereotypes, uncovering how these factors
shape our perceptions and judgments of others. Delving deeper, we examined the process of causal attribution, recognizing the
interplay between individual characteristics and situational factors in explaining behavior.

Moving forward, we explored the predictive power of attitudes and behaviors, recognizing how our beliefs and values influence our
actions and decisions. Additionally, we explored the dynamics of social interaction, considering the role of social norms, group
dynamics, and cultural influences in shaping our social identities and behaviors.

Ultimately, our exploration of social psychology underscored the importance of empathy, understanding, and critical thinking in
navigating the complexities of human interaction. By embracing the principles of social psychology, we can challenge stereotypes,
foster inclusivity, and cultivate meaningful connections with those around us, contributing to a more compassionate and socially
aware society.
 Key important notions mentioned in the chapter 14

1. **Social Psychology**: The scientific study of how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts.

2. **Physical Attractiveness**: The perception of an individual's physical traits as aesthetically pleasing or beautiful, which influences social
interactions and judgments.

3. **Stereotyping**: Attributing specific characteristics to individuals based on their membership in a particular group.

4. **Prejudice**: A preconceived opinion or feeling, often negative, directed toward people based on their group membership.

5. **Discrimination**: Negative behavior or actions directed against individuals based on their group membership.

6. **Causal Attribution**: The process of determining the causes of people's behavior to understand their underlying personality traits or
situational factors.

7. **Person Attribution**: Assigning the cause of a behavior to an individual's internal characteristics or personality.

8. **Situation Attribution**: Assigning the cause of a behavior to external factors or the environment.

9. **Fundamental Attribution Error**: The tendency to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the influence of
situational factors in explaining other people's behavior.

10. **Self-Serving Attributions**: Attributions that help maintain positive self-esteem by attributing successes to internal factors and failures
to external factors.
 11. **Attitudes**: Relatively enduring evaluations of people, objects, or ideas that influence behavior.

12. **Self-Monitoring**: The tendency to adjust one's behavior to meet the demands of social situations.

13. **Self-Perception**: The process of inferring one's own attitudes and emotions based on observations of one's
behavior.

14. **Foot-in-the-Door Technique**: A persuasive strategy where a small request is made first, followed by a larger
request.

15. **Implicit Bias**: Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that influence our understanding, actions, and decisions.

16. **Group Dynamics**: The patterns of interaction between group members that influence the behavior and
attitudes of individuals within the group.

17. **Social Norms**: The accepted behaviors that individuals are expected to conform to within a particular group
or society.

18. **Cultural Influences**: The shared values, beliefs, and practices of a group that influence individuals' behaviors
and attitudes.

19. **Empathy**: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.