ROBOTICS

REQUIREMENTS
BY AUNTIE SHARON
WHAT IS
ROBOTICS AND
AUTOMATION?
❑ Robotics is part of engineering
and science.
❑ It involves computer
programming, creating and
building robots. Robots are
sometimes used to do things
humans cannot.
❑ Automation is when a robot
can do what it was created for
without human intervention or
limited intervention.
• IMPACT OF ROBOTICS AUTOMATION ON SOCIETY
• MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
• Increasing efficiency, precision and safety
• Higher productivity and lower costs for businesses
• New job opportunities in robotics maintenance and programming

• HEALTHCARE
• Reduction of complications and recovery time for patients
• Accuracy and efficiency in healthcare facilities
• TRANSPORTATION
• Navigate and operate safely without human intervention
• Reduce accidents, congestion and carbon emissions
 TOOLS IN ROBOTICS

• ROBOTIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. A robot must have a control

system to operate its drive system. Moving parts as well as the
body of the robot itself.
• MOTION CONTROL. Is the part of automation encompassing
the systems or subsystems involved in moving parts of machines.
This is used in industry ,photo and videography as well as games
• PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER. It is a digital system
that is found in almost all heavy industries which require process
and sequences
• ACTIVITY-PREPARING FOR SCHOOL AND BAKING A CAKE
 COMPUTER VISION

• Computer vision is the theory underlying artificial intelligence

systems’ ability to see and understand their surrounding environment
that is image recognition, object detection and scene interpretation

• Examples include
• Facial recognition
• Autonomous vehicles
• Medical image analysis
 ROLLING MOTION:
This type of motion involves moving on wheels or tracks, which can be driven by motors or magnets.
Rolling robots can achieve high speeds and efficiency on flat surfaces but may have difficulty on rough
terrain or obstacles. An example of a rolling robot is the mars rover, which explores the surface of the
red planet1.
 SWIMMING AND WALKING
MOTION

• Swimming: this type of motion involves moving through water or other

fluids, using propellers, fins, jets or other mechanisms. Swimming robots can
navigate underwater environments that are inaccessible or dangerous for
humans, such as oceans, lakes or pipes. An example of a swimming robot is
the robofish, which mimics the behavior and appearance of real fish.
• Walking: this type of motion involves moving on legs, which can have
different numbers and shapes depending on the robot design. Walking
robots can adapt to various terrains and obstacles but may require more
complex control and balance systems than rolling robots. An example of a
walking robot is the Boston dynamics spot, which can perform tasks such as
inspection, delivery or entertainment.
 FLYING AND CLIMBING
MOTIONS
• Flying: this type of motion involves moving through air, using wings, rotors,
jets or other mechanisms. Flying robots can reach high altitudes and speeds
and cover large distances in a short time. They can also access areas that are
difficult or impossible for ground-based robots. An example of a flying robot
is the DJI Mavic air 2, which is a popular drone for photography and
videography4.
• Climbing: this type of motion involves moving on vertical or inclined
surfaces, using suction cups, magnets, claws or other mechanisms. Climbing
robots can perform tasks such as inspection, maintenance or exploration in
places that are hard to reach or hazardous for humans, such as walls, ceilings
or cliffs. An example of a climbing robot is the RISE, which can climb on
various materials and textures using micro spines.
 POWER SOURCE FOR ROBOTS

• Main sources of electrical power for robots are batteries and

photovoltaic cells
• These can be used separately or together
• Classroom robots are usually run on simple alkaline batteries .
• Electricity
• Hydraulic systems
• Pneumatic systems(compressed air or gas)
• Solar power
• BALLBOT

• A ballbot is a type of mobile robot that balances on top of

a single spherical wheel, often resembling a rolling ball. A
ballbot relies on sophisticated control algorithms to maintain its
upright position while moving
 ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION

1. The output of the machine or device is more

uniform, and the product quality is improved.

2. For tasks involved that are repetitive and

boring, the machine can continue to automatically
do the job without getting tired or making
"bored" mistakes.

3. Automated machines are designed so that

humans no longer need to lift heavy weights or
do dangerous things.

4. Precision can be much enhanced with

measurement accuracy tolerances at levels not
possible with human hands or human intervention.
❑ DISADVANTAGES to automation include:

❑ 1. Robots cannot think critically. Therefore, if the human programmers haven't

evaluated the behavior of the robot or automation in all possible emergency
situations, the automated process is incapable of performing adequately.

❑ 2. Robots have replaced many workers in the workplace. Up to 40% of jobs that
used to be human-operated are now run entirely by robotics and automation.
Unemployment unless successful retraining or job transitions leads to societal
problems (such as poverty, transitions, stress, and many more).

❑ 3. That identity theft and personal safety will be compromised if automation takes
over too large a share of data and human interaction.

❑ 4. That we will become dependent on robotics and automation for basic life-tasks
and economic well-being.
 HOME AUTOMATION

• Refers to the use of smart devices and systems to automate

and control various functions within a household, such as
lighting,heating,security,entertainment and appliances
 AUTO MANUFACTURING
AUTOMATION

• Involves the use of robotic systems and advanced

machinery to automate production processes in the
automotive industry, including
assembly,welding,painting and quality control
 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

• Involves the use of control systems, sensors, and robotics to

automate manufacturing , processing and other industrial
processes,improving efficiency, productivity, and safety
 MINING AUTOMATION

• Involves the use of autonomous vehicles, drones and robotic

systems to automate various tasks in mining operations,
including exploration, extraction, hauling and safety
monitoring.
 RETAIL AUTOMATION

• Involves the use of technology and automated systems to

streamline various processes in retail environments including
inventory management,checkout,customer service and
marketing.
 GENERAL LAW REGULATIONS

❑Occupational health and safety

❑Electrical machinery regulations
❑Environmental regulations
❑Data protection and privacy laws
❑Industry specific regulations
ACTIVITIES
Discuss the biblical context of the following texts as they relate to the field of automation and robotics:

Genesis 1:27
This text discusses the value of human beings. We are made in God's image. Thus we are the ones with moral
and ethical standards. We are the ones empowered by God to "run our world." Robots and automation are
NEVER given that creative privilege.

Psalm 139:14
God made us in amazing ways. We are in awe of His creative power. Compared to that, robotics and
automation are mere human inventions.
Proverbs 1:1-7
Human beings are capable of gaining wisdom and understanding. As we work with robotics, we must use these
God-given abilities! Teachers should ask "how can we be wise when we build robots?" and "what
responsibilities do Christians have when making robots?" as the group reads over this passage.
 ISSAC ASIMOV’S RULES
GOVERNING ROBOTS….
• The three laws are as follows
• first law: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a
human being to come to harm. the first law, which prioritizes human safety,
underscores the importance of designing and implementing safety measures
in robotic systems to prevent harm to humans. It highlights the need for robust
fail-safes, sensors, and control mechanisms to ensure that robots do not pose
a threat to human life or well-being. Autonomy and control:
• Second law: A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except
where such orders would conflict with the first law. the second law addresses
the issue of autonomy versus control in robotic systems. It raises questions
about the extent to which robots should be programmed to follow human
commands and whether there are circumstances where they should disobey
orders to prevent harm. Self-preservation:
 ISAAC ASIMOV’S RULES
GOVERNING ROBOTS
CONTINUED
• Third law: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict
with the first or second law .the third law acknowledges the importance of self-preservation in
robotic systems. While robots are designed to serve humans, they also have a vested interest in
protecting themselves from harm. This law highlights the need for self-preservation mechanisms
and safeguards to prevent robots from being needlessly destroyed or deactivated. Legal and
policy implications

• Overall, Asimov's three laws of robotics serve as a thought-provoking framework for exploring
the complex interactions between humans and machines and navigating the ethical challenges
posed by advancing technology. While they are fictional constructs, they continue to inspire
discussions and debates about the ethical and moral dimensions of robotics and AI in both
fiction and reality.
• DON’T PUT OFF
TILL NEXT WEEK
WHAT COULD BE
DONE THIS WEEK.
HAPPY LEARNING!

THE END