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CAP---9-FEB-23-merged_1675959600
CAP---9-FEB-23-merged_1675959600
9- February - 2023
NEWS IN DETAIL
CHILD MARRIAGE
Relevance
GS Paper 2: Polity and Governance
GS Paper 1, 3: Society and social Issues
Context: Assam has arrested over 2000 men under the provisions of the POCSO Act and the
Prohibition of Child Marriage Act in a state-wide crackdown on child marriages.
WHAT ARE THE LAWS UNDER WHICH THE ARRESTS ARE BEING MADE?
Men who married girls below 14 years of age would be booked under the Protection of Children
From Sexual Offences(POCSO) Act, and those marrying girls between 14 and 18 years would be
booked under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act(PCMA).
(1) POCSO Act:
• The POCSO Act, of 2012 criminalises sex between a minor and an adult. The law does not
recognize a minor’s consent as valid.
• Sexual assault under POCSO is a non-bailable, cognisable offence (police can make an
arrest without a warrant).
• So, a presumption of sexual assault is made in cases of child marriage involving minor girls
below the age of 14.
• Sexual assault, which is not penetrative, carries a minimum imprisonment of three
years that may extend to five years with a fine.
• Under Section 19, the Act imposes a “mandatory reporting obligation” which requires
every person who suspects or has knowledge of a sexual offence being committed against
a child must report it to the police or the Special Juvenile Police Unit. Failure to do so will
result in imprisonment, a fine, or both.
(2) PCMA, 2006:
• It says that child marriages are illegal but not void. They are voidable at the minor's
choice if he/she petitions the court to declare the marriage null and void.
• The Act stipulates 18 years as the minimum marriageable age for women, while for men
it is 21 years.
• The Act punishes child marriage with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two
years or with a fine which may extend to one lakh rupees or both.
• The punishment also extends to anyone who performs, conducts, directs, or abets any
child marriage.
WHAT HAVE BEEN THE TRENDS IN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT’S STAND ON PERMISSIBLE AGE OF
MARRIAGE?
• At the time of India’s independence, the minimum marriageable age stood at 15 years for
females and 18 years for men.
• In 1978, the government increased it to 18 for girls and 21 for men.
• In 2008, the report of the Law Commission recommended the minimum marriageable age for
both men and women to be 18.
• In 2020, the Jaya Jaitly Committee was established by the Ministry of Women & Child
Development which also recommended the same in light of factors like reproductive health,
education, etc.
• The Prevention of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2021, yet to be passed by the Rajya Sabha,
has attempted to raise the marriageable age for women across all religions, from 18 to 21
years.
• The Government has introduced CHILDLINE with short code 1098, a 24X7 telephone emergency
outreach service for children in crisis, which responds with suitable interventions to calls for
any form of assistance which a child requires, including for the prevention of child marriages in
coordination with police, CMPOs, District Child Protection Units etc.
• The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) undertakes various activities
and programmes from time to time with concerned stakeholders/ organizations such as
representatives of Child Welfare Committees (CWC), Police, Women and Child Development
Department and Civil Society organizations on the issue of child marriages and related matters.
International conventions:
• The United Nations (UN) Convention on Consent to Marriage (1962)
• Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages (1962)
• The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979)
• The Beijing Declaration (1995)
Source:
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/assam-crackdown-on-child-marriage-
what-does-the-law-say-8430003/lite/
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1796829#:~:text=The%20Government%20
has%20enacted%20the,connected%20therewith%20or%20incidental%20thereto.
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HIGHLIGHT
• According to production data from the Food and
Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical
Database (FAOSTAT), India is the highest milk
producer in the world contributing twenty-four per
cent of global milk production in the year 2021-22.
• According to the United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA) “Dairy and Products Annual –
2021” report, India is also the largest consumer of
milk and milk products.
o India’s per capita milk consumption at 406 grams
(g)/day (2019-2020), already exceeds the world
average of 305 g/day (2020).
• Milk production in India has registered a fifty-one per
cent increase during the last eight years- during the
year 2014-15 and 2021-22.
• Milk Production in the country has increased from
146.31 Million Tonnes in 2014-15 to 221.1 Million
Tonnes in 2021-22 i.e. by 6.38% per annum during the
last 8 years.
• The value of the output of milk is more than Rs. 9.32
lakh crore during 2021-22 which is higher than the
agriculture produces and even more than the
combined value of paddy and wheat.
Various Schemes to Promote And Develop Animal
Husbandry And Dairying Sector
Steps Description
National • It was launched in February 2014 by merging three existing schemes-
Programme for Intensive Dairy Development Programme, Strengthening Infrastructure
Dairy for Quality and Clean Milk Production and Assistance to Cooperatives.
Development • Aim: Enhancing the quality of milk, milk products and increasing the
share of organised procurement, processing, value addition and
marketing.
RASHTRIYA GOKUL • Aim: Enhancing milk production and productivity of bovines to meet
MISSION growing demand of milk and making dairying more remunerative to the
rural farmers of the country.
Animal Husbandry • It is a Central Sector Scheme under the Prime Minister’s Atma Nirbhar
Infrastructure Bharat Abhiyan stimulus package
Development Fund • Incentivizing investments
(AHIDF) (i) the dairy processing and value addition infrastructure,
(ii) meat processing and value addition infrastructure.
(iii) Animal Feed Plant
Dairy Processing • Aim: Bringing more dairy farmers into organised milk marketing through
and Infra better price realisation, with milk processing capacity of cooperatives set
Development Fund to increase by 32 million litres per day and bulk milk chilling capacity by
14 million litres per day.
• To modernize the milk processing plants and machinery and to create
additional infrastructure for processing more milk.
Source
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897085
https://dahd.nic.in/sites/default/filess/FAQ.pdf
https://www.nabard.org/news-article.aspx?id=25&cid=552&NID=182
https://dahd.nic.in/schemes/programmes/rashtriya_gokul_mission
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/india-ranks-first-contributes-24-of-global-milk-production-
centre-to-lok-sabha-11675813763599.html
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1887058
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Kamao’ • Aim: To upgrade the skills of minority youth (in the age group of 14-45 years)
(Learn And in various modern/ traditional skills.
Earn) Scheme
Hamari • For conservation of minorities’ culture and heritage.
Dharohar
Scheme
National • It is a statutory body under the National Commission for Minorities Act,
Commission 1992
For • Commission has the following functions:
Minorities o evaluate the progress of the development of minorities under the Union
and States.
o monitor the working of the safeguards provided in the Constitution and
in laws enacted by Parliament and the State Legislatures.
o make recommendations for the effective implementation of safeguards
for the protection of the interests of minorities by the Central
Government or the State Governments.
o look into specific complaints regarding deprivation of rights and
safeguards of the minorities and take up such matters with the
appropriate authorities.
Sources:
https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-
ws/th/th_delhi/issues/24302/OPS/G4IARN9T4.1+G7TARNG2R.1.html
https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/how-budget-allocation-for-ministry-of-minority-affairs-
declined/article66338066.ece
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1883721
https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/budget-2023-funds-for-minority-schemes-slashed-
allocation-reduced-38-than-last-year/article66459232.ece
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/minority-citizen-in-india-supreme-court-minorities-1931455-
2022-03-30
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/budget/allocation-for-minorities-sees-a-
fall/articleshow/97539273.cms
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-is-a-minority-in-india-supreme-court-
7840064/
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About Disinvestment
• Disinvestment or divestment is when the government sells its assets or a subsidiary, such as a
Central or State public sector enterprise.
• Types of disinvestment: Minority disinvestment, majority disinvestment, and complete
privatization are the three main approaches to disinvestment.
o Minority disinvestment: In this, the government retains a majority in the company,
typically greater than 51%, thus ensuring management control.
o Majority divestment: In this, the government hands over control to the acquiring entity but
retains some stake.
o Complete privatization: In this, 100% control of the company is passed on to the buyer.
• Implementing agency: The Union Finance Ministry has a separate department for undertaking
disinvestment-related procedures called the Department of Investment and Public Asset
Management (DIPAM).
• Arguments for and against disinvestment:
Arguments For Arguments against
• Fiscal Reduction: Disinvestment helps the • Job Losses: Disinvestment can result in job
government reduce its fiscal deficit by losses as private owners may reduce the
reducing its stake in loss-making PSUs and workforce to increase efficiency and
using the proceeds for debt reduction and profitability.
other developmental initiatives. • Negative Impact on Vulnerable Sectors:
• Improved Efficiency: Disinvestment can Disinvestment in certain PSUs providing
lead to improved efficiency in PSUs as essential services such as healthcare,
private sector ownership can bring in new education, and electricity can have a
management techniques, technology, and negative impact on the vulnerable sections
capital. of society.
• Increased Competition: Disinvestment can • Strategic Assets: Some PSUs may be
increase competition in various industries considered as strategic assets, and their
as private players enter and improve the disinvestment can result in a strategic
market structure. disadvantage for the country. Short-Term
• Resource Mobilization: Disinvestment can Focus:
be a significant source of resource • No long-term vision: Disinvestment can be
mobilization for the government as it can motivated by short-term considerations
such as debt reduction and may not
generate significant proceeds from the sale consider the long-term benefits of
of its stakes in PSUs. maintaining government ownership.
NEWS IN BRIEF
RAJA RAM MOHAN ROY NATIONAL AWARD
Tags: GS 1 - Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present-
significant events, personalities, issues.
• Context: Veteran journalist A.B.K. Prasad has been chosen for the prestigious Raja Ram Mohan
Roy National Award for excellence in journalism.
PM POSHAN SCHEME
Tags: GS 2 - Government Policies and Interventions, Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections
Context: Ministry of Education asks CAG for a Special Audit of the implementation of the PM Poshan
Scheme in the State of West Bengal.
VIVAD SE VISHWAS
Tags: GS 2 – Government initiatives
• Context: The Finance Ministry has proposed a voluntary settlement scheme with all government
agencies.
ABOUT
• It has been named as Vivad se Vishwas II (Contractual Disputes) scheme and will bring finality to
the contractual dispute settlement with government agencies, where an arbitral award is under
legal challenge.
• It will be implemented through an online functionality on the Government e-Marketplace (GeM)
portal.
• The settlement will be done by offering graded settlement terms depending on pendency level of
the dispute.
• Applicability:
o The scheme will be applicable to Central government agencies, including autonomous
bodies, public sector banks and financial institutions, central public sector firms, union
territories and the National Capital Territory of Delhi and their agencies.
o However, organisations like metro corporations, where the Union government has a 50%
stake, can choose to opt out of the scheme at their discretion after securing board approvals.
o The Scheme will only cover domestic arbitration and not international arbitration.
o CPSEs are also eligible to submit their claims under the scheme if they are the contractors/
suppliers in a particular contract.
o It will cover disputes up to 30 September 2022.
• Non-eligibility: Claims raised against procuring entities along with some other party like the State
Government or private party will not be eligible under the scheme.
• Significance: The dispute resolution will ensure fresh investment and also enhance the ease of
doing business with the Government.
Source:
https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/msme/finmin-issues-framework-to-implement-
vivad-se-vishwas-i/article66477454.ece
BIO FERTILIZERS
Tags: GS 3 – Agriculture
• Context: The Union government has informed the parliament that there are no proposals to make
bio-fertilizers compulsory.
About
• Biofertilizers are supplements that
contain microbes, which help in
promoting the growth of plants by
increasing the supply of essential
nutrients to the plants.
• They are usually made up of living
organisms such as mycorrhizal
fungi, blue-green algae, and
bacteria.
• Working: The micro-organisms
present in biofertilizers restore
the soil's natural nutrient
cycle and build soil organic matter, helping in the growth of plants
• Benefits
o Bio-fertilizers can improve crop yields by 10-25% and supplement chemical fertilizers by
nearly 20-25% without any reduction in production.
o Biofertilizers promote healthy soil, leading to greater farming sustainability.
o It can reduce fertilizer subsidies drastically.
• Drawbacks: Biofertilizers show varying effects in different environments, making them rather
unpredictable in terms of efficiency.
Source:
https://newsonair.com/2023/02/08/parliament-session-no-proposal-to-make-bio-fertilizers-
compulsory-pm-kisan-beneficiaries-rose-to-10-45-crore/
ABOUT
• MAS is an annual survey conducted to collect village-level data by the Ministry of Rural
Development and Panchayati Raj across Gram Panchayats in the country since 2017-18.
• It will be conducted over a period of one month involving Community Resource Persons (CRPs).
• Objective: The survey aims to support the process of participatory planning for the Gram
Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP), improving service delivery, enhancing citizenship,
creating a pace for an alliance of people’s institutions, and groups and improving governance at
the local level.
• Significance: MAS presents secondary data to carry out a gap analysis in planning for Gram
Panchayats and will also serve as a key input in the preparation of block and district plans.
• Questionnaire: The village-wise survey will have questions categorized into five stratums: (i)
Panchayat Infrastructure; (ii) Panchayat Services; (iii) Village Infrastructure; (iv) Village Services;
and (v) Village Practices.
o The questionnaire has been translated in 13 regional languages.
Source:
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897490
DELIMITATION
Tags: General Studies –2 Indian Constitution, Elections, Statutory Bodies
Context: Recently, a Member of Parliament has expressed that Delimitation on a population basis is
unfair to southern states.
About Delimitation Exercise
● Delimitation: Delimitation is the act of redrawing boundaries of Lok Sabha and state Assembly
seats to represent changes in population. The main objective of delimitation is to provide equal
representation to equal segments of a population.
● Delimitation Commission: Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation
Commission, appointed by the Government of India under provisions of the Delimitation
Commission Act.
o Appointment: The Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works
in collaboration with the Election Commission of India.
o It is composed of the following: a retired Supreme Court judge, the Chief Election
Commissioner of India and respective State Election Commissioners.
• The Constitution mandates that the Delimitation Commission’s orders are final and cannot be
questioned before any court as it would hold up an election indefinitely.
● The Commission is supposed to determine the number and boundaries of constituencies in a way
that the population of all seats, so far as practicable, is the same. The Commission is also tasked
with identifying seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
● Under Article 82, Parliament is to enact a Delimitation Act after every Census. Once the Act is in
force, the Union government sets up the Delimitation Commission. Under Article 170, States also
get divided into territorial constituencies as per Delimitation Act after every Census
● The Delimitation Commission Act was enacted in 1952. In the history of the Indian republic,
Delimitation Commissions have been set up four times — 1952, 1963, 1973 and 2002 under the
Acts of 1952, 1962, 1972 and 2002. There was no delimitation after the 1981, 1991 and 2001
Censuses
o The central government reconstituted the Delimitation Commission for Assam, Arunachal
Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in 2020.
Sources:
https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delimitation-population-basis-unfair-southern-states-
dmk-mp-8333315/
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-delimitation-8348977/
BARD VS CHATGPT
Tags: GS3: Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life,
Awareness in the fields Computers: Bard, Chat GPT, Google, Artificial intelligence.
• Context: Google has announced a new AI Chatbot called ‘Bard’.
BACKGROUND
The Adivasi communities of Odisha, after repeated failures in making families' food secure, considered
the advice of Elder Adivasi Farmers to help revive the traditional forms of agriculture, which lead to
Adivasi People’s Organizations identifying resourceful Adivasi women in the villages and terming them
as Seed Mothers.
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The article discusses the various aspects of the budget 2023-24, which reflect the Government of
India’s intention of steady growth, in the backdrop of economic uncertainty, a recessionary outlook,
and continued geo-political turmoil.
A focus of the budget this year is on building a self-reliant India, boosting domestic manufacturing
capacity, promoting exports and attracting foreign capital. Such endeavours can be achieved through
the following steps visible in the budget:
• Macroeconomic Stability: Adherence to the 6.4% fiscal deficit target in FY23 will help in making
available money for private entrepreneurs and create a salutary impact on the broader economy.
Also, a stable fiscal regime will enable currency stability and greater formalization of the
economy.
• Growth driven by capital expenditure: For the third time in a row, the government has increased
capital expenditure. This continues with a 33% increase in capex outlay to INR 10 trillion, or about
3.3% of the GDP. This will likely enable a robust infra-led economy in the long term. This reflects
consistency in policymaking.
o The move to extend interest-free loans for another year to the states is a strong signal of
consistency and discipline with an eye on long-term benefits rather than short-term SOPs.
• Entrepreneurship as a growth driver: Budget appreciates and recognizes that the startup
ecosystem is a crucial high-value job creator in the country. This is visible in the announcement
on extending the income tax benefit date to start-ups.
o The budget has also proposed an Agri Accelerator fund, public credit infrastructure for credit,
and the National Data Governance Policy for enabling Entrepreneurship.
• Also, to enable manufacturing and ease of doing business, the government has announced
reduced compliances (some 39,000!), enhanced credit guarantees, nimbler KYC using only the
PAN, faster dispute resolution and rationalizing duties for handset components.
• Voice to the middle class: The budget has proposed initiatives for the middle class like 66% growth
in PMAY for the affordable housing sector, and changes in taxation to increase domestic
consumption.
Source
https://www.livemint.com/opinion/online-views/fm-deftly-balances-social-equity-with-investment-
growth-11675514132696.html
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समाचार विस्तार से
बाल वििाह
संबद्धता
सामान्य अध्ययन-पेपर 2: राजव्यिस्था और शासन
सामान्य अध्ययन-पेपर 1, 3: समाज और सामावजक मुद्दे
संदर्भः असम में बाल वििाह पर राज्यव्यापी कारर िाई में पाक्सो(POCSO) अविवियम और बाल वििाह विषेि
अविवियम के प्राििािोों के तहत 2000 से अविक व्यक्तिय ं क विरफ्तार वकया है ।
• इिमें कहा िया है वक बाल वििाह अिैि है लेवकन शून्य नही ं है । यवद अियस्क वििाह क अमान्य
घ वर्षत करने के वलए न्यायालय में यावचका दायर करता/करती है त िे उसकी पिोंद पर अमान्य
घोवषत वकए जा िकते हैं ।
• अविवियम मवहलाओं के वलए न्यूनतम वििाह य ग्य आयु 18 िर्षभ वनिाभररत करता है , जबवक
पुरुर्ष ं के वलए यह 21 िर्षभ है ।
• यह अविवियम बाल वििाह के वलए सश्रम कारािास की या जुमाभने अथिा द न ं की सजा दे ता है
वजसे द साल तक बढ़ाया जा सकता है , जुमार िा एक लाख रुपये तक बढाया जा िकता है ।
• यह िजा वकसी र्ी बाल वििाह क करने िाले, संचावलत करने िाले, इसका वनदभ श दे ने िाले
या बढ़ािा दे ने िाले वकसी र्ी व्यक्ति के वलए र्ी है ।
Source:
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/assam-crackdown-on-
child-marriage-what-does-the-law-say-8430003/lite/
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1796829#:~:text=The%20Gove
rnment%20has%20enacted%20the,connected%20therewith%20or%20incidental%20th
ereto.
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https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/how-budget-allocation-for-ministry-of-minority-
affairs-declined/article66338066.ece
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1883721
https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/budget-2023-funds-for-minority-schemes-
slashed-allocation-reduced-38-than-last-year/article66459232.ece
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/minority-citizen-in-india-supreme-court-minorities-
1931455-2022-03-30
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/budget/allocation-for-minorities-sees-a-
fall/articleshow/97539273.cms
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-is-a-minority-in-india-supreme-
court-7840064/
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विवनिेश की क्तस्थवत और आय
संबद्धता
सामान्य अध्ययन पेपर - 3
o सरकारी बजट, संसािन जुटाना, िृक्ति और विकास
संदर्भ: 2023-24 के केंद्रीय बजट के अिुिार, िरकार िे वित्त िर्षभ 2023-24 के वलए ₹51,000 कर ड़
का विवनिेश लक्ष्य वनिाभररत वकया है , ज वपछले वित्तीय िर्षभ की तुलना में कम है ।
केंद्रीय बजट के अनुसार वित्त िर्षभ 2023-24 के वलए विवनिेश नीवत
• लक्ष्य: केंद्र का लक्ष्य वित्तीय िर्षभ 2023-24 (FY24) में कई िरकारी फमों में अपिी वहस्सेदारी के विवििेश
के माध्यम िे 51,000 कर ड़ रुपये जुटाना है ।
o यह चालू विि िषर में कमाई की उम्मीद िे 21 फीसदी कम है । यह सात साल में सबसे कम लक्ष्य र्ी
है ।
• विवनिेश के वलए वनिाभररत कंपवनयां: वित्त िर्षभ 2023-24 के वलए आईडीबीआई बैंक के अलािा वशवपोंि
कॉरपोरे शि ऑफ इों वडया, एिएमडीिी स्टील वलवमर्े ड, बीईएमएल, एचएलएल लाइफकेयर, कोंर्े िर
कॉरपोरे शि ऑफ इों वडया और विजाि स्टील जैिी कोंपवियाों विजीकरण के वलए िरकार की िूची में हैं ।
SOURCE
1) https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/explained-the-status-and-proceeds-
of-disinvestment/article66485958.ece
2) https://www.business-standard.com/budget/article/budget-2023-24-asset-sale-
target-pegged-at-rs-51-000-crore-for-fy24-123020101436_1.html
3) https://prsindia.org/policy/vital-stats/disinvestment-in-india
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भ्रम से बचें: पोर्र् अटर्यान (समग्र पोर्र् के टलए प्रधान मंत्री की व्यापक योजना)
• इसे दे श में कुपोर्ण की समस्या को दू र करिे के वलए 2018 में शुरू वकया गया र्ा।
• इस अवियाि का उद्दे श्य जीिि चि दृवष्टकोण के माध्यम से, एक समक्तन्वत और पररणामोन्मुख दृवष्टकोण
अपिाकर दे श में कुपोर्ण को चरणबद्ध तरीके से कम करिा है ।
• लक्ष्य: स्टों विों ग, कम िजि, एिीवमया (विशेर्कर छोिे बच्ोों, मवहलाओों और वकशोररयोों में) को कम करिा
और जन्म के समय कम िजि को िमशः 2%, 2%, 3% और 2% प्रवत िर्म कम करिा।
Source
1) https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897240
2) https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1812421
टििाद से टिश्वास
संबिता: िामान्य अध्ययि पेपर-2 - सरकारी पहल
संदर्ष: वित्त मोंत्रालय िे सिी सरकारी एजेंवसयोों के सार् एक स्वैक्तिक विपिाि योजिा का प्रस्ताि रखा है ।
इसके बारे में
• इसे वििाद से विश्वास II (सोंविदात्मक वििाद) योजिा के रूप में िावमत वकया गया है । सर्ी, सरकारी एजेंवसयोों
के सार् सोंविदात्मक वििाद विपिाि को अोंवतम रूप दे गा, जहाों एक मध्यस्थ विणमय कािूिी चुिौती के तहत
है ।
• इसे गिनषमेंि-माकेिप्लेस (GeM) पोिष ल पर एक ऑिलाइि कायमक्षमता के माध्यम से लागू वकया जाएगा।
• वििाद के पेंडेंसी स्तर के आधार पर ग्रेडेड सेिलमेंि शतों की पेशकश करके विपिारा वकया जाएगा।
• प्रयोज्यता:
o यह योजिा स्वायत्त टनकायों, सािषजटनक क्षेत्र के बैंकों और टित्तीय संिानों, केंद्रीय सािषजटनक
क्षेत्र की फमों, केंद्र शाटसत प्रदे शों और राष्ट्रीय राजधानी क्षेत्र टदल्ली और उिकी एजेंवसयोों सवहत
केंि सरकार की एजेंवसयोों पर लागू होगी।
o हालाों वक, मेिरो कॉरपोरे शन जैसे सोंगठि, जहाों केंद्र सरकार की 50% टहस्सेदारी है , बोडम की मोंजूरी
हावसल करिे के बाद अपिे वििेक से इस योजिा से बाहर विकलिे का विकल्प चुि सकते हैं ।
o यह योजिा अोंतराम ष्टरीय मध्यस्थता को नही ं अवपतु केिल घरे लू मध्यस्थता को शावमल करे िी।
o सीपीएसई िी योजिा के तहत अपिे दािे प्रस्तुत करिे के वलए पात्र हैं यवद िे टकसी टिशेर् अनुबंध में
ठे केदार/आपूटतषकताष हैं ।
o इसमें 30 वसतोंबर 2022 तक के वििाद शावमल होोंगे।
• गैर-पात्रता: राज्य सरकार या टनजी पक्ष जैसी वकसी अन्य पािी के सार् खरीद सोंस्थाओों के क्तखलाफ वकए
गए दािे योजिा के तहत पात्र िहीों होोंगे।
• महत्व: वििाद समाधाि िए वििेश को सुविवित करे गा और सरकार के सार् व्यापार करिे में आसािी को िी
बढ़ाएगा।
SOURCE :
https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/msme/finmin-issues-framework-to-
implement-vivad-se-vishwas-i/article66477454.ece
जैि उिषरक
संबिता: िामान्य अध्ययि पेपर-3:कृवर्
संदर्ष: केंि सरकार िे सोंसद को सूवचत वकया है वक जैि-उिमरकोों को अवििायम बिािे का कोई प्रस्ताि िहीों है ।
• MAS 2017-18 से दे श में ग्राम पोंचायतोों में ग्रामीण विकास और पोंचायती राज मोंत्रालय द्वारा ग्राम-स्तरीय डे िा
एकत्र करिे के वलए वकया गया एक िाटर्षक सिेक्षर् है ।
• यह सामुदावयक सोंसाधि व्यक्तियोों (सीआरपी) को शावमल करते हुए एक महीिे की अिवध में आयोवजत वकया
जाएगा।
• उद्दे श्य: सिेक्षण का उद्दे श्य ग्राम पंचायत टिकास योजना (जीपीडीपी) के वलए िागीदारी योजिा की
प्रटिया का समथषन करना, सेिा टितरर् में सुधार करना, नागररकता में िृस्थद्ध करना, लोगों के संिानों
और समूहों के गठजोड़ के टलए गटत बनाना और िानीय स्तर पर शासन में सुधार करना है ।
• महत्व: MAS ग्राम पोंचायतोों के वलए वियोजि में अोंतराल विश्लेर्ण करिे के वलए माध्यटमक डे िा प्रस्तुत
करता है और ब्लॉक और वजला योजिाओों की तैयारी में एक महत्वपूर्ष तथ्य के रूप में िी काम करे गा।
• प्रश्नािली: गााँ ि-िार सिेक्षण में पााँ च स्तरोों में िगीकृत प्रश्न होोंगे: (i) पंचायत बुनायादी ढां चा; (ii) पंचायत
सेिाएं ; (iii) ग्राम अिसंरचना; (iv) ग्राम सेिाएं ; और (v) ग्राम प्रथाएं ।
o प्रश्नािली का 13 क्षेत्रीय र्ार्ाओं में अिुिाद वकया गया है ।
SOURCE :
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897490
पररसीमन(DELIMITATION)
संबिता: सामान्य अध्ययि पेपर -2 िारतीय सोंविधाि, चुिाि, िैधाविक विकाय
संदर्भ: हाल ही में, एक सोंसद सदस्य िे व्यि वकया है वक जिसोंख्या के आधार पर पररसीमि दवक्षणी राज्योों के
वलए अिुवचत है ।
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आज की केस स्टडी
उड़ीसा द्वारा सीड मदर मॉडल
संबिता: िामान्य अध्ययि पेपर-1: िारतीय समाज पर िैश्वीकरण के प्रिाि, सामावजक अवधकाररता: बीज माता
मॉडल, उडीसा, आवदिासी।
पृष्ठर्ूटम
ओवडशा के आवदिासी समुदायोों िे पररिारोों के िोजि को सुरवक्षत बिािे में बार-बार विफल रहिे के बाद, कृवर्
के पारों पररक रूपोों को पुिजीवित करिे में मदद करिे के वलए बुजुगम आवदिासी वकसािोों की सलाह पर विचार
वकया है । वजसके कारण आवदिासी जि सोंगठिोों िे गाों िोों में साधि सोंपन्न आवदिासी मवहलाओों की पहचाि की
और उन्हें सीड मदर कहा है ।
आज का संपादकीय
वित्त मंत्री ने चतुराई से वनिेश िृक्ति के साथ सामावजक समता क संतुवलत वकया: लाइिवमंट
संबिता: सामान्य अध्ययन पेपर- 3, र्ारतीय अथषव्यििा
लेख में बजि 2023-24 के टिटर्न्न पहलुओ ं पर चचाष की गई है , जो आवर्मक अविवितता, मंदी के दृटष्ट्कोर्
और टनरं तर र्ू-राजनीटतक उथल-पुथल की पृष्ठर्ूटम में र्ारत सरकार के स्थिर टिकास के इरादे को
दशाषता है ।
इस साल के बजि का फोकस आत्मटनर्षर र्ारत के टनमाषर्, घरे लू विवनमाभण क्षमता को बढाने, टनयाषत को
बढािा दे ने और टिदे शी पूंजी को आकवर्मत करिे पर है । इस तरह के प्रयासोों को बजि में वदखाई दे िे िाले
विम्नवलक्तखत कदमोों के माध्यम से प्राप्त वकया जा सकता है :
• व्यापक आटथषक स्थिरता: वित्तीय िर्षभ 23 में 6.4% राजकोर्ीय घािे के लक्ष्य का पालि करिे से विजी
उद्यवमयोों के वलए धि उपलब्ध करािे और व्यापक अर्मव्यिस्था पर एक लािकारी प्रिाि पैदा करिे में मदद
वमलेगी। सार् ही, एक क्तस्थर राजकोर्ीय व्यििा मुद्रा स्थिरता और अथषव्यििा की अवधक औपचाररकता
को सक्षम बिाएगी।
• पूंजीगत व्यय द्वारा संचाटलत टिकास: सरकार िे लगातार तीसरी बार पूोंजीगत व्यय में िृक्तद्ध की है । यह
कैपेक्स पररव्यय में 33% की िृक्तद्ध के सार् INR 10 विर वलयि या GDP के लगिग 3.3% तक जारी है । यह
संर्ितः लंबी अिटध में एक मजबूत इन्फ्रा-आधाररत अथषव्यििा को सक्षम करे गा। यह नीटत टनमाषर्
में टनरं तरता को दशाषता है ।
o राज्योों को एक और िर्ष के टलए ब्याज मुि ऋर् दे ने का कदम टनरं तरता और अिु शासि का एक
मजबूत सोंकेत है , वजसमें अल्पकावलक एसओपी के बजाय दीघमकावलक लाि पर िजर है।
• एक टिकास चालक के रूप में उद्यटमता: बजि इस बात की सराहिा करता है और पहचािता है वक
स्टािम अप इकोवसस्टम दे श में एक महत्वपूणम उच्-मूल्य िाली िौकरी विमाम ता है । स्टािम -अप्स को इिकम िै क्स
बेिेवफि डे ि बढ़ािे की घोर्णा में यह साफ िजर आ रहा है ।
o बजि में कृटर् त्वरक टनटध, िेटडि के टलए सािषजटनक ऋर् अिसंरचना और उद्यटमता को सक्षम
करने के टलए राष्ट्रीय डे िा शासन नीटत का िी प्रस्ताि वकया गया है ।
• इसके अलािा, विविमाम ण को सक्षम करिे और व्यापार करिे में आसािी के वलए, सरकार िे कम अिुपालि
(लगिग 39,000!), बढ़ी हुई िेवडि गारों िी, केिल पैि का उपयोग करते हुए केिाईसी, तेज वििाद समाधाि
और हैं डसेि घिकोों के वलए कतमव्योों को युक्तिसोंगत बिािे की घोर्णा की है ।
• मध्यम िगष के टलए आिाज: बजि में मध्यम िगष के टलए टकफायती आिास क्षेत्र के वलए पीएमएिाई में
66% की िृक्तद्ध और घरे लू खपत बढ़ािे के वलए कराधाि में बदलाि जैसी पहलोों का प्रस्ताि वकया गया है ।
Source:
https://www.livemint.com/opinion/online-views/fm-deftly-balances-social-equity-with-
investment-growth-11675514132696.html
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