COMPUTER

9
“Module 3”

Subject teacher:
Mr. nico Gabriel o. mendoza

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INTRODUCTION:
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources,
and provides common services for programs.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
After going through this lesson, you would be able to:
 enumerate different kinds of operating system
 explain how common function of operating system works
 identify the different parts of operating system

INDICATIVE CONTENT
 Platforms and operating system
 Network Operating System
 Different parts of operating system

DISCUSSION:

“PLATFORMS AND OPERATING SYSTEM”

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“OPERATING SYSTEM”

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OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) - is the core software that allows a computer to run as a
useful device. It manages the hardware, the user interface and all other software running on
the computer. without an operating system, a computer is just a collection of components
heating up the room as no-one would be able to make any practical use of the machine.

EXAMPLES OF OPERATING SYTEMS:

 Windows or Linux - for personal computers

 Mac OS - for Macs
 Unix - for mainframes
 Symbian, Android, Blackberry OS, iOS - for mobile phones

COMMON FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM

• Providing a user interface

• Managing the computer’s memory
• Managing the hardware

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

I. Single-user Operating System

II. Multi-user, Multi-tasking Operating System
III. Interactive Operating System
IV. Real-time Operating System
V. Batch Operating System
VI. Distributed Processing Operating System

I. SINGLE-USER OPERATING SYSTEMS CAN BE SPLIT INTO TWO TYPES:

1. Single-user, single application operating systems
2. Single-user, multi-tasking operating systems

Single-User, Single Application

 This type of operating system only has to deal with one person at a time, running one user
application at a time.

Example:

An example of this kind of operating system would be found on the older model of mobile phones or an
iPod. There can only be one user using the device and that person is only using one of its applications at a
time.

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Single-User, Multi-tasking

 You will find this kind of operating system on a personal computer.

 The operating system is designed mainly with a single user in mind, but it can deal with many
applications running at the same time.

Example:

Single User, Multi-tasking Writing an essay, while searching the internet, downloading a video file and also
listening to a piece of music.

II. MULTI-USER, MULTI-TASKING OPERATING SYSTEM

• This allows more than one user to log on and can use the computer and its resources at the same
time.
• Furthermore, each person needs to be able to run more than one application at a time, so it needs to
be multi-tasking as well.
• Most personal computers can't handle these kinds of tasks. Instead, a mainframe or supercomputer is
required for this kind of work.
• Each person can draw on the vast power of the computer in a shared way.

Example:

Multi-user, multi-tasking operating system

• You are an engineer or scientist and want to run a very
complicated simulation.
• Flight simulation.
• You work at a University as an academic
along with hundreds of other academics
(Biometrics/Daily Time Record)

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Multi-user, Multi-tasking
Now the operating system has to manage
A. Each user logged on to the system, their workspace and so on.
B. Allocate resources to the jobs they want to run.
C. Keep logs of how much processing time and resources they use.
D. Work out the most efficient use of computer processing cycles.
E. Maintain security.

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 Example:

Real-time Operating System

• Washing Machine
• Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
• Soda Dispenser
• Microwave Oven

V. BATCH OPERATING SYSTEM

• This kind of operating system is optimized for running jobs without user interaction.
• A 'job' consists of a set of input data files to be processed at a later time.

Example:

Batch Operating System

• Payroll System
• Electric Bills

VI. DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING

• This is a form of parallel processing.

• A single task is split up into a number of smaller tasks. Each of these is run on a separate computer.
The results are then gathered together.
• A distributed operating system co-ordinate all the activity.

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ACTIVITES:

Identification: Write your answer on the space below.

1. This is a form of parallel processing. A single task is split up into a number of smaller tasks.
2. It is a group of technologies that are used as a base upon which other applications, processes or
technologies are developed. _________________
3. This kind of operating system is optimized for running jobs without user interaction. __________
4. It generally means the operating system and computer hardware only. _____________
5. These computers are often integrated into electronic control equipment. They provide the data
processing power to handle incoming data. ______________
6. It is the core software that allows a computer to run as a useful device.
7. It allows the user to directly interact with the operating system whilst one or more programs are
running. _______________
8. It is a standard personal computer running a single user, multi-tasking operating system that is
connected to a network. __________
9. A powerful computer needs this type of operating system to make maximum use of the machine.

10. This type of operating system only has to deal with one person at a time, running one application at a
time. _______________
11. These type of computer costs millions to buy and maintain. There is no way that such an expensive
machine could be used by just a single person. __________________
12. This type of operating system is designed mainly with a single user in mind, but it can deal with
many applications running at the same time. ________________

Enumeration:

13 - 16. Give at least four examples of operating system.

17 - 18. Give the two types of single-user operating system.
19 – 23. Give at least five types of operating system.

Tue or False:

24. Without an operating system, a computer is just a collection of components heating up the room as no-
one would be able to make any practical use of the machine.
25. New standards-based interfaces and open interfaces allow applications programs to run on multiple
platforms.

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REFERENCES:

https://www.pearsonhighered.com/assets/samplechapter/0/7/8/9/0789732548.pdf
http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_entrep-
based_pc_hardware_servicing_learning_module.pdf

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