Introduction to

Momentum
Transfer
Momentum transfer is the exchange of linear momentum between
objects or systems. It is a fundamental concept in physics, with
applications in mechanics, fluid dynamics, and thermodynamics. This
presentation will explore the key definitions, principles, and real-world
examples of momentum transfer.
Definitions and Concepts
1 Momentum
The product of an object's mass
and velocity. Momentum is a
vector quantity, with both
magnitude and direction.
2 Impulse
The change in momentum,
equal to the force applied over a
period of time. Impulse is also a
vector quantity.
3 Conservation of
Momentum
The total momentum of a
closed system remains
constant unless an external
force acts on it.
Newton's Laws of Motion
First Law Second Law Third Law

An object at rest stays at rest and an The acceleration of an object is For every action, there is an equal
object in motion stays in motion, proportional to the net force acting and opposite reaction. Forces always
unless acted upon by an unbalanced on it and inversely proportional to its come in pairs - equal action-reaction
force. mass. force pairs.
Momentum and Impulse
1 Momentum
Momentum is the product of an object's mass and velocity.
It is a conserved quantity in a closed system.

2 Impulse
Impulse is the change in momentum, equal to the force
applied over a period of time. It causes a change in an
object's momentum.

3 Relationship
Impulse is used to change the momentum of an object. The
greater the impulse, the greater the change in momentum.
Conservation of Momentum
Closed System
In a closed system with no
external forces, the total
momentum is conserved. The
initial momentum equals the
final momentum.
Elastic Collisions
In an elastic collision, both
momentum and kinetic
energy are conserved. The
objects bounce off each
other.

Inelastic Collisions
In an inelastic collision, momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy
is not. The objects stick together after the collision.
Applications of Momentum Transfer

Airbags
Airbags use the transfer of momentum to rapidly decelerate a person's motion and prevent injury
in a collision.

Batting Sports
In sports like baseball and cricket, batters use the transfer of momentum to hit the ball with
great force.

Archery
Archery relies on the transfer of momentum from the bow to the arrow to propel it towards the
target.
Factors Affecting Momentum Transfer

Mass Velocity Time

The greater an object's mass, the The greater an object's velocity, the The longer the time over which a
greater its momentum for a given greater its momentum for a given force acts, the greater the change in
velocity. mass. momentum.
Conclusion and Key
Takeaways
1 Momentum and 2 Newton's Laws
Impulse
Newton's laws of motion
Momentum is a conserved describe how forces relate
quantity, while impulse to the motion of objects.
causes changes in
momentum.

3 Applications
Momentum transfer principles are used in a wide range of real-
world applications.